KR101309222B1 - Air distributor and fluidized combustion boiler using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Simplifies the structure while distributing air more uniformly inside the fluidized bed, making it easier to manufacture and install, to discharge sediment more smoothly, and to minimize the blockage of the injection port, it is installed and fluidized in the bottom of the furnace of the fluidized bed boiler An air dispersing device for discharging air, comprising: a plurality of dispersion plates disposed at intervals at a lower end of a combustion furnace and having air injection holes formed in at least one side thereof in a length direction, and installed in the distribution plate in a length direction; Air dispersing device for forming a fluidized bed including an air pipe selectively connected to the injection port and supplying the air for injection, and connected to each of the dispersion plates to rotate the dispersion plate around the air pipe as an axis, and a fluidized bed using the same. Provide a combustion boiler.

Description

Air dispersing device for fluidized bed formation and fluidized bed combustion boiler using the same {AIR DISTRIBUTOR AND FLUIDIZED COMBUSTION BOILER USING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a fluidized bed combustion boiler. More specifically, the present invention relates to an air dispersing device for forming a fluidized bed and a fluidized bed combustion boiler using the same.

A fluidized bed combustion boiler is a device that injects and burns a fluid medium such as sand, fuel and air together, and heats a medium to be heated such as water using combustion heat generated by combustion. A variety of raw materials may be used in a fluidized bed combustion boiler, the operating temperature of which is lower than that of coal fired or ordinary incinerators. Therefore, nitrogen oxide is not generated well and desulfurization can be easily performed.

The fluidized bed combustion boiler is provided with an air distribution nozzle distribution plate and the like for efficiently distributing combustion air and discharging incombustibles or foreign substances that are not combusted downward.

In a fluidized bed combustion boiler, the even distribution of combustion air for fluidization and fuel combustion plays a very important role in increasing the efficiency of the boiler and improving the thermal efficiency of the furnace. In addition, prevention of deposition and smooth discharge of foreign matters is very important to prevent breakage and downtime of equipment.

Conventionally, a number of fixed pointed dispersion nozzles have been used for even distribution of air. However, in this structure, foreign substances of long length, such as cloth or wire, are caught by the dispersion nozzles, damaging the device, and air dispersion is efficiently There is a problem that can not be achieved.

In the case of the stepped dispersion plate, the air dispersion effect is reduced because the foreign matter must be moved to the discharge port by the air as well as the air dispersion, and the direction of the injection port is limited. In the case of using a plurality of fixed dispersion plates having a certain shape, foreign matter deposition occurs where no injection holes exist, which blocks some of the discharge ports or delays the discharge, making it difficult to operate and control the equipment.

In addition, the conventional air distribution nozzle has a very complicated structure such as forming a plurality of small holes in the circumferential direction in the cap of the nozzle, forming a hole facing in the lower direction in the nozzle cap, or manufacturing in an S-shape. In addition, the conventional air distribution nozzle has a larger inner diameter of the cap than the outer diameter of the nozzle in order to reduce clogging, and a plurality of air outlets in the horizontal direction to prevent eye filling and abrasion or to prevent the inflow of layered material in the form of a pig-tail Was prepared.

However, such a conventional air distribution nozzle is not easy to manufacture in a complicated shape, wear occurs on the surface due to a constant air hole or the air injection speed is formed very high, and the fluidization is hindered locally by the blinding phenomenon. Occurred frequently.

Accordingly, the present invention provides an air dispersing device and a fluidized bed combustion boiler using the same, which simplify the structure while distributing air more uniformly inside the fluidized bed, thereby making it easy to manufacture and install the fluidized bed.

In addition, the present invention provides an air dispersing device for forming a fluidized bed and a fluidized bed combustion boiler using the same to discharge sediment more smoothly and minimize clogging of the injection hole.

To this end, the apparatus is an air dispersing device installed at the inner bottom of the combustion furnace of the fluidized bed boiler for discharging fluidized air, disposed at the bottom of the combustion furnace and at least one dispersion plate formed with an air injection port along the longitudinal direction of at least one side An air pipe installed along the longitudinal direction of the distribution plate and selectively connected to the injection hole to supply air for injection, and a rotary part connected to the distribution plate to rotate the distribution plate around the air pipe as an axis; It may include.

The distribution plate may have an insertion hole in which the air pipe is inserted in the longitudinal direction at the center thereof, and the injection hole may be disposed at an angle with respect to the insertion hole to communicate with the insertion hole.

The air pipe has a supply port communicating with the injection port is formed along the longitudinal direction, the air pipe may have a structure arranged so that the supply port toward the fluidized bed of the combustion furnace.

The supply port may include a slit extending along the longitudinal direction of the air pipe.

The dispersion plate may be formed of a polygonal cross-sectional structure.

The dispersion plate may have a triangular cross-sectional structure.

The dispersion plate may have a structure in which injection holes are formed at each side thereof and communicate with the insertion hole.

The dispersion plate may be formed of a cylindrical cross-sectional structure.

The dispersion plate has an insertion hole in which the air pipe is inserted in the longitudinal direction at the center thereof, and the injection hole is disposed at an angle with respect to the insertion hole so as to communicate with the insertion hole, and the longitudinal direction is formed between the injection hole and the injection hole. Accordingly, a groove may be formed inward.

The rotating unit may include a rotating shaft installed at one end of the distribution plate, and a driving motor connected to the rotating shaft to apply rotating power.

On the other hand, the fluidized bed combustion boiler includes an air dispersing device installed at the inner bottom of the combustion furnace to discharge the fluidized air, the air dispersing device is disposed at the lower end of the combustion furnace, and at least one side of the air injection port along the longitudinal direction At least one dispersion plate formed and an air pipe installed in the longitudinal direction of the distribution plate and selectively connected to the injection hole to supply the air for injection, and connected to the distribution plate to disperse the air pipe as an axis It may include a rotating part for rotating the plate.

According to this embodiment as described above, the structure is simple and easy to manufacture and install. In addition, the air can be evenly dispersed in the fluidized bed and the non-flowing sediment can be easily discharged to the bottom to minimize clogging caused by the sediment.

1 is a schematic view showing a fluidized bed combustion boiler according to the present embodiment.
2 is a perspective view illustrating an air dispersing device of a fluidized bed combustion boiler according to the present embodiment.
3 is a perspective view showing a part of the configuration of the air dispersing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of the air dispersing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
6 is a schematic view for explaining an operating state of the air dispersing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
7 is a perspective view of an air dispersing apparatus according to another embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operating state of the air dispersing apparatus according to the embodiment of FIG. 7.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. As those skilled in the art can easily understand, the embodiments described below may be modified in various forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Wherever possible, the same or similar parts are denoted using the same reference numerals in the drawings.

All terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Predefined terms are further interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the relevant technical literature and the present disclosure, and are not to be construed as ideal or very formal meanings unless defined otherwise.

The fluidized bed combustion boiler described below will be described as an example of a boiler using a raw waste fuel (RDF) as a raw material, but is not limited thereto. Herein, solid waste fuel is interpreted as a processed fuel of all forms of by-products emitted from factories and the like. For example, household waste solid fuel can be any type of material such as household waste, food, pulverized coal, sludge, sludge or iron waste.

1 schematically shows a fluidized bed combustion boiler according to the present embodiment. The structure of the fluidized bed combustion boiler of FIG. 1 is merely for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, the structure of the fluidized bed combustion boiler can be variously modified in other forms.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fluidized bed combustion boiler 100 includes a combustion furnace 110, a cyclone 120, a boiler 130, and a fuel supply unit 140. In addition, the fluidized bed combustion boiler 100 may further include other devices as necessary. The fuel supply unit 140 is connected to the combustion furnace 110, and an air dispersing device 10 is provided at an inner lower end thereof.

Therefore, the solid waste fuel (refuse derived fuel, RDF) is supplied to the combustion furnace 110 through the fuel supply unit 140 by air and gravity. The air dispersing apparatus 10 is installed below the combustion furnace 110 to inject air for forming a fluidized bed in the combustion furnace. Therefore, while the air circulates in the combustion furnace 110, the solid waste fuel is combusted by a high temperature medium such as a flow sand.

The air dispersing device 10 is to form a fluidized bed by injecting air into the upper portion of the combustion furnace in this way, as described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5 as follows.

As shown in FIG. 2, the air dispersing device 10 of the present embodiment is disposed at intervals at a lower end of the combustion furnace, and a plurality of dispersion plates 12 having air injection holes 14 formed along at least one side thereof in a longitudinal direction. And, installed along the longitudinal direction in the interior of the distribution plate 12 is connected to the injection port 14 and the air pipe 16 for supplying the air for injection, connected to each of the dispersion plate 12 and the It comprises a rotating unit for rotating the distribution plate 12 around the air pipe 16.

The dispersion plates 12 are spaced apart from each other at a distance that does not interfere with each other during rotation. Each of the dispersion plates 12 may be rotatably installed at both ends at the lower end of the combustion furnace.

In the present embodiment, the dispersion plate 12 has a triangular cross-sectional structure having three sides. Of course, the dispersion plate 12 is not limited to a triangular cross-sectional structure, it may be made of a polygonal cross-sectional structure, such as rectangular shape or pentagonal shape.

Each side of the distribution plate 12 is formed with an injection port 14 for injecting air into the combustion furnace at intervals along the longitudinal direction. In addition, the distribution plate 12 has an insertion hole in which the air pipe 16 is inserted in the longitudinal direction in the center is formed. The injection hole 14 extends into the insertion hole and communicates with the insertion hole. In this embodiment, the injection holes 14 formed on each surface of the dispersion plate 12 are disposed at an angle of 120 degrees to communicate with the insertion hole. As described above, the dispersion plate 12 has a triangular cross-sectional shape, and is disposed in an inverted triangular shape such that one side thereof faces upward in the combustion furnace to form an inner bottom surface of the combustion furnace.

The air pipe 16 is a pipe structure through which air flows, and is rotatably installed in the insertion hole of the distribution plate 12. That is, the air pipe 16 serves as a fixed shaft, the distribution plate 12 constituting the rotating body is coupled to be rotatable around the air pipe 16. The outer diameter of the air pipe 16 has a size corresponding to the inner diameter of the insertion hole, it is a structure that can maintain the airtight between the two members.

As shown in FIG. 4, a bearing block 18 is further provided between the distribution plate 12 and the air piping 16 to smoothly rotate the distribution plate 12 with respect to the air piping 16. Can be installed.

The rotating part for rotating the dispersion plate 12 includes a rotation shaft 22 installed at one end of the distribution plate 12 and a driving motor 20 connected to the rotation shaft 22 to apply rotational power. do.

When the driving motor 20 is controlled to operate, the dispersion plate 12 connected to the rotation shaft 22 rotates at a controlled angle with the air pipe 16 as the axis. In this embodiment, the driving motor 20 may be provided in each of the dispersion plates 12 to control the respective dispersion plates 12 individually. Alternatively, the apparatus may have a structure in which one driving motor 20 simultaneously drives each of the distribution plates 12, and is not particularly limited.

On the other hand, the device needs to be injected from the air dispersing device to the upper portion of the combustion furnace, so that the air supply from the air pipe 16 to form a fluidized bed in the air dispersing device 10.

To this end, as shown in FIG. 3, the air pipe 16 has a slit 17 which communicates with the hole along a length direction and extends along the length direction, and the air pipe 16 has the slit ( 17) is arranged to face upward, which is the fluidized bed formation position of the combustion furnace.

As the slit 17 formed in the air pipe 16 is directed toward the upper part of the combustion furnace, the injection plate 14 is rotated only when one side of the dispersion plate 12 faces the upper part of the combustion furnace. Is in communication with the slit 17, the air is supplied to the injection port (14). The slit 17 may be formed to have a width corresponding to the diameter of the injection hole 14.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, when the distribution plate 12 rotates, the air is injected only to the injection hole 14 facing the upper part of the combustion furnace, and the injection hole 14 formed on the remaining surface is not in communication with the air pipe 16. It will not receive air.

In this embodiment, the injection holes 14 formed on each side of the dispersion plate 12 are moved to the upper part of the combustion furnace in accordance with the rotation of the dispersion plate 12 is to act as the air injection hole (14).

In this case, the air pipe 16 may have a structure in which a supply port is formed at a position corresponding to each of the injection holes 14 in addition to the structure of the slit 17 that is elongated to be connected to each of the injection holes 14 in a one-to-one manner.

Hereinafter, the operation of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 6.

As shown, when one side of each distribution plate 12 is disposed in an inverted triangle along the Y-axis direction so as to face the upper part of the combustion furnace, the distance between each distribution plate 12 is narrowed, and the upper part of the combustion furnace is One side that faces is the upper surface of the air dispersing device.

And since the slit 17 formed in the air pipe 16 is formed toward the upper portion, only the injection hole 14 formed on one side of the distribution plate 12 facing the combustion furnace top through the air pipe through the slit 17. In communication with (16).

The air supplied to the air pipe 16 is supplied to the injection port 14 through the slit 17 and injected into the upper part of the combustion furnace through the injection port 14 to form a fluidized bed in the upper part of the combustion furnace.

Since the injection hole 14 formed on the other side of the distribution plate 12 is separated from the slit 17 and cannot be connected to the air pipe 16, the air injection downward to the combustion furnace is blocked.

In this state, when fluidized bed combustion proceeds, incombustibles and foreign matters are deposited on the upper surface of the air dispersing apparatus.

When a certain time has elapsed or when deposits need to be removed, the apparatus can simply discharge the deposits down the furnace by rotating the dispersion plate 12.

That is, when the driving motor 20 is controlled to operate, the distribution plate 12 is rotated at a set angle. When the dispersion plate 12 is rotated, one side of the dispersion plate 12 that forms the upper surface of the first air dispersing device is inclined, and the gap between the dispersion plate 12 and the dispersion plate 12 is opened.

When the distribution plate 12 is rotated at an angle of 120 degrees according to the operation of the driving motor 20, one side of the distribution plate 12, which faces the lower part of the combustion furnace, moves to the upper part of the combustion furnace, and one side that is facing the upper part of the combustion furnace burns. To the bottom.

Therefore, foreign matters such as non-combustibles deposited on the surface facing the upper part of the first combustion furnace are moved to the lower part of the combustion furnace and discharged downward.

Meanwhile, in this process, the injection hole 14 formed on the side facing the lower side of the dispersion plate 12 is moved toward the slit 17 of the air pipe 16 as the dispersion plate 12 rotates, so that the dispersion plate 12 is 120. When rotated, it communicates with the slit 17. Therefore, the air supplied through the air pipe 16 is continuously injected to the upper portion of the combustion furnace through the injection hole 14 of the side moved toward the upper portion of the combustion furnace as the dispersion plate 12 rotates to form a fluidized bed.

7 and 8 show another embodiment of the present air dispersing apparatus.

As shown, the air dispersing device 10 of the present embodiment is disposed at intervals at a lower end of the combustion furnace, and a plurality of distribution plates 32 in which air injection holes 34 are formed along at least one side thereof in a longitudinal direction, and An air pipe 16 installed along the longitudinal direction in the distribution plate 32 and selectively connected to the injection hole 34 to supply air for injection, and connected to the respective dispersion plates 12 to the air pipe ( It comprises a rotating part for rotating the dispersion plate 12 around the axis 16). The dispersion plate 12 has a cylindrical shape.

Here, the air dispersing device of the present embodiment is the same as described above except for the structure of the dispersion plate 32, so the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, the dispersion plate 32 is cylindrical, and an insertion hole into which the air pipe 16 is fitted is formed at the center thereof, and an air injection hole 34 is formed at a 120 degree angle along the circumference to communicate with the insertion hole. do. The disposition angle of the injection hole 34 is not limited to 120 degrees, and may be variously modified, for example, 180 degrees or 90 degrees.

In addition, the dispersion plate 32 is formed with a groove in the longitudinal direction between the injection hole 34 and the injection hole 34 in the longitudinal direction. The groove extends along the distribution plate 32 and is exposed toward the upper part of the combustion furnace between the distribution plate 32 and the distribution plate 32. Accordingly, when incombustibles or foreign matters are deposited in the grooves and the dispersion plate 32 is rotated by a predetermined angle, the deposits are discharged while the grooves in which the deposits are stacked are moved downwards in the combustion furnace. The depth of the groove or the size of the width is not particularly limited.

While the illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, various modifications and alternative embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art. Such variations and other embodiments will be considered and included in the appended claims, all without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.

10 air disperser 12,32 dispersion plate
14,34: injection hole 16: air piping
17: Slit 18: Bearing Block
20: drive motor

Claims (11)

In the air dispersing device for forming a fluidized bed installed on the inner bottom of the furnace of the fluidized bed boiler,
At least one dispersion plate disposed at a lower end of the combustion furnace and having an air injection hole formed in at least one side thereof in a longitudinal direction, and installed in the longitudinal direction of the distribution plate in a longitudinal direction and selectively connected to the injection hole to supply air for injection; An air pipe for supplying, and connected to the dispersion plate, the rotary part rotating the dispersion plate with the air pipe as an axis,
The dispersion plate has an insertion hole in which the air pipe is inserted in the longitudinal direction at the center thereof, and the injection hole is disposed at an angle with respect to the insertion hole, and the air dispersing device for forming a fluidized bed having a structure in communication with the insertion hole. delete The method of claim 1,
The air pipe is provided with a supply port in communication with the injection port along the longitudinal direction, the supply port is an air dispersing device for forming a fluidized bed of the structure arranged to face the fluidized bed of the combustion furnace. The method of claim 3, wherein
The supply port air dispersing device for forming a fluidized bed comprising a slit extending in the longitudinal direction of the air pipe. The method of claim 1,
The rotating unit includes a rotating shaft installed at one end of the distribution plate, and a drive motor connected to the rotating shaft for applying a rotational power, the air dispersion apparatus for forming a fluidized bed. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The dispersion plate is an air dispersing device for forming a fluidized bed consisting of a polygonal cross-sectional structure. The method according to claim 6,
The dispersion plate is an air dispersion device for forming a fluidized bed having a triangular cross-sectional structure. The method of claim 7, wherein
The dispersion plate has a spray hole formed in each side air dispersing device for forming a fluidized bed in communication with the insertion hole structure. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The dispersion plate is an air dispersing device for forming a fluidized bed made of a cylindrical cross-sectional structure. The method of claim 9,
The dispersion plate has an insertion hole in which the air pipe is inserted in the longitudinal direction at the center thereof, and the injection hole is disposed at an angle with respect to the insertion hole so as to communicate with the insertion hole, and the longitudinal direction is formed between the injection hole and the injection hole. Air dispersing device for forming a fluidized bed grooved inward. A fluidized bed combustion boiler comprising an air dispersing device as claimed in claim 1.

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