KR101286215B1 - The optimal methods for increasing seed yield and oil content by using magnesium sulfate and choline chloride in flax - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for mixing magnesium sulfate and choline chloride and a treatment method are provided to promote seed setting percentage of Linumusitatissimum L., and to significantly increase Linumusitatissimum L. seed yield and oil content. CONSTITUTION: An agent for increasing Linumusitatissimum L. seed yield and oil content contains a mixture solution of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride as an active ingredient, which are mixed in a ratio of 2:3. The agent is an aqueous solution phase. A method for increasing Linumusitatissimum L. seed yield and oil content comprises: a step of seeding Linumusitatissimum L.; a step of watering soil; and a step of spraying the mixture solution 50-55 days after seeding. [Reference numerals] (AA) Scatter Linumusitatissimum L. seeds (7th-10th April, seeding interval of 30cm, drill seeding, seeding amount of 500g/10a); (BB) Watering work (about 40-45 days after scattering, watering enough into the inside of a soil layer); (CC) Prepare a mixture solution of magnesium sulfate and chlorine chloride (20g of magnesium sulfate + 1ml of spreader + 30g of chlorine chloride + 1L of distilled water); (DD) Spray the mixture solution; (EE) 1. time to spray: 50-60 days after seeding; (FF) 2. quantity of spray: 1L/10m^2; (GG) 3. method for spraying: spray onto leaves with a sprayer; (HH) 4. concentration of spraying: dilute the mixture solution in a concentration of 200ppm

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a process for producing magnesium sulfate and choline chloride in flax,

The invention Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seeds and to increase the oil content of the seeds, and a method for treating the combination of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride.

Linum usitatissimum L.) is an economically important longevity crop which is a seed of flaxseed plant originating in the Central Asian highland region and contains about 40% of the oil. The shape is flat, oval, brown and gold. Flaxseed oil has long been used for industrial purposes by printing ink, watercolor, paint, linoleum, etc. However, recently, its nutritional and pharmacological value is high and its role as a functional food has become important. The nutritional ingredients of flaxseed are known to be concentrated in many essential ingredients such as fat, protein, fiber, lignan, minerals and vitamins. In addition, flaxseed oil has attracted much attention because of its high content of α-linolenic acid (ALA; C18: 3n-3) and its effect on the health functional properties of omega-3 fatty acids. In addition, α-linolenic acid is a parent fatty acid of omega-3 fatty acid, which is metabolized after ingestion to give docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22: 6n-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20: 5n-3). Recently, as the development of foods with enhanced functionality has been activated, flax oil has been actively studied as a source of omega-3 fatty acids in connection with the potential effects on prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

In addition, flax oil has been reported to mediate antioxidant activity, antitumor activity, cardiovascular protection, anti-hyperlipemia and eicosanoid synthesis, and anti-inflammatory effects. Despite these many advantages, the domestic application of flax seed and linseed oil is not so high. Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) produced by the hydrolysis product of flax seed cyanoglycoside is known to cause CNS syndrome such as acute poisoning and chronic Konzo in humans and animals. Therefore, only flax seeds with removed cyanoglycosides through heat treatment And can be used as a raw material in processing.

In general, megnesium sulfate is present in the form of magnesium carbonate (MgCo) or dolomite in the soil, and contains about 0.05% in the soil and about 0.5% in the clay. In the dry or semi-dry area It is present in the form of magnesium sulfate. Like magnesium, it is easily leached out of the soil. The magnesium level in the soil depends on the soil type, but it is low in the soil with high leaching and weathering effects such as podosol and laterite soil. The absorption rate of magnesium is lower than that of calcium and is affected by absorption by cations such as potassium ion (K ⁺ ), ammonium ion (NH ₄ ⁺ ) and hydrogen ion (H ⁺ ), so that when the concentration of calcium in the soil is low The absorption of magnesium is increased and the absorption of magnesium is inhibited when the concentration of calcium is high. In addition, magnesium sulfate, unlike calcium, is easily accessible to the deficient area, from the old leaf to the young leaf or below to the normal area.

In plants, magnesium accounts for about 15 to 20% of constituent elements of chlorophyll molecules and is located in the center of chlorophyll. In plant tissues, magnesium is an inorganic ion having a diffusing property of 70% or more. It is bound to malate and citric acid. Oxalic acid and pectin acid are used as an anion having non-diffusing properties. Lt; / RTI > It has a physiological function that acts as a cofactor of all enzymes when activating photosynthesis and phosphorylation processes, and has a function of participating in the formation of all foreign substances of energy and crosslinking of pyrophosphoric acid structure. In addition, it activates carbonic anhydrase to increase the fixed amount of carbon dioxide gas, and it is involved in protein synthesis, and activates enzymes related to photosynthesis, glucose degradation, citric acid circuit and respiration.

Symptoms of magnesium deficiency depend on the type of plant. Since plant mobility is good, the deficiency symptoms are characterized by enlargement from the old leaves to young leaves, resulting in yellowing or yellowing between the leaf veins and veins, and severe necrosis. These symptoms appear in a number of dicotyledonous plants, including grapes, beans, kidney beans, sweet potatoes, and tomatoes. In addition, when magnesium deficient leaves receive strong sunlight where moisture content is inhibited, wilting phenomena occur and fall off before mature. Though there are differences in the types of crops, the limit for deficiency symptoms is 2 mg per gram of dry matter and less than 3 mg for tomatoes. In the case of cereals, green spots appear first on the base of the leaves. In order to solve this problem, magnesium oxide (MgO), which is a substitute cation of deficient soil, is less than 0.10 mg per 100 g of dry soil depending on the causes of magnesium deficiency symptoms in vegetables (except for the case of volcanic ash soil) , It is uncomfortable in general, and 80 to 100 kg per 10 ha of fertilizer with a high magnesium content such as carbonated gypsum lime is used. In addition, when a deficiency occurs even though magnesium exists in the soil, magnesium is firstly diluted to 1 to 2% and top-dressed about 3 to 5 times a week before the symptoms become worse.

Choline chloride is a complex of vitamin B that is a component of brain cell (30%), activates brain function to improve memory and concentration, and to prevent and treat Alzheimer's disease (1998, US FDA) It is a water-soluble vitamin and is bound by phosphatidicolin and acetylcholine. It is mainly found in animal and plant tissues (brain, nerve, egg yolk, seed) and is used as an animal feed additive.

It is known that, when cultivating cereals and vegetables, choline chloride is sprayed at an appropriate concentration, the yield is increased by 15 to 20%. In the case of falciparum, the fiber is increased at 20 ppm (Field crosps research, 2001), and cucumber, mung bean or tomato promotes root growth at low temperature. In addition, it is known that cotton and rice increase germination rate at low temperatures, increase chlorophyll, sugar content and chromaticity in peach, and increase the mass yield of sweet potato in early cultivation.

As a result of efforts to increase seed yield and oil content of flaxseed, the present inventors have found that magnesium chloride, which is a water-soluble magnesium salt involved in plant chlorophyll synthesis, and choline chloride, which increases the resistance of crops to environmental stress, Of the seeds were diluted to a concentration of 200 ppm and sprayed on the foliar surface of the flax plant to promote the fertilization rate of the flax plant to confirm that the yield of flax seed and the oil content were significantly increased to complete the present invention Respectively.

An object of the present invention maybe (Linum usitatissimum L.) seeds and magnesium sulfate and choline chloride combination for increasing oil content and treatment method.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing a fungus such as flax ( Linum ) containing magnesium sulfate and choline chloride as an active ingredient, usitatissimum L.) seed yield and oil content.

In addition,

1) seeding flax;

2) watering the soil before flowering after sowing; And

And 3) spraying flax plants with a mixture of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride at 50 to 55 days after sowing, in order to increase the yield and oil content of flax seed.

The stock solution of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride of the present invention mixed at a ratio of 2: 3 was diluted to a concentration of 200 ppm, and was applied to flax plants (45 to 50 days after sowing) Since the foliar spray application promotes the fertilization rate of flax and significantly improves the oil content along with the yield of flax seed, the magnesium sulfate and choline chloride mixture of the present invention can be usefully used for improving seed yield and oil content have.

Figure 1 is a graph usitatissimum L.) seeds and the oil content of the seeds.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The present invention relates to a method for producing linseed , which comprises magnesium sulfate and choline chloride as an active ingredient, usitatissimum L.) seed yield and oil content.

Magnesium sulfate and choline chloride were mixed at a ratio of 2: 3, and no significant increase in seed production and oil content was observed except for the mixing ratio. Thus, the mixed solution was prepared by mixing magnesium sulfate and choline chloride in a ratio of 2: 3 To prepare a mixed solution.

The mixture of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride preferably has a concentration of 50 to 300 ppm in an aqueous solution, and is preferably used in a concentration of 150 to 200 ppm, but is not limited thereto. The above mixture of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride is not effective when the concentration is less than 50 ppm in the aqueous solution, and when the concentration is 300 ppm or more, the yield is relatively low and the production cost is relatively high.

Preferably, the flax seed production and oil content enhancer is 800-1000 ml per 10 m ² , spraying, spraying, atomizing or foliar spraying the flax plants, preferably 1000 ml per 10 m ² , But is not limited thereto. The cultivation techniques that must precede the spraying of flax seed yield and oil content enhancer should be sufficient water in the soil. When the water content in the soil is insufficient, the effect of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride is remarkably reduced, so that the yield of flax seed is not increased.

It is preferable that the production amount of the flax seed and the oil content enhancer decrease the saturated fatty acid content and the unsaturated fatty acid content with respect to flax seed oil and more preferably increase the content of linolenic acid.

The flax seed production and oil content enhancer preferably further comprises an electrodeposition agent and may additionally include, but is not limited to, 0.1 to 2% by weight of a surfactant that acts as an electrodeposition agent in the production of flax seeds and oil content.

(PEO (20) -Sorbitan Monooleate), TWEEN-60 (PEO (20) -Sorbitan Monostearate), etc., which are confirmed to be safe for human body, are preferably used as the surfactant Can be used.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the present inventors conducted stringing 500 g of 300-pyeong per field at 30 cm intervals per day on selected flax seeds (breed name: Namam, Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Service) cm. Then, the soil is sufficiently watered at 40 to 45 days after sowing, and then 50 to 300 ppm of a mixture of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride is diluted about 50 days after sowing, and 1 liter per 10 m ^{2 of the} mixture is sprayed on the plant with a sprayer The leaves were sprayed. After sowing, flax seeds were harvested from 80 to 110 days, and the cultivation method and harvested seeds were used in the following experiment (see Fig. 1).

The inventors of the present invention found that the plant height (cm), fraction (), pod number (), ripening ratio (%), grain weight (g) and seed yield kg / 10a). As the concentration of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride mixture increased, the plant height was not affected and the fraction and pod number increased slightly, but it was not statistically significant. The fruit yields showed a statistically significant difference between the spraying concentrations of the mixed solutions. As the dilution ratio of the mixed solution increased, the overall increase was observed. It was found that the weight of heptanum was the highest as the spraying concentration of mixture was increased, and the yield was the highest, from 200 ppm to 191 kg (see Table 1).

In addition, the present inventors measured the oil content of flax seed oil, the iodine value indicating the characteristics of fat fat and the unsaturated ratio indicating the quality of oil according to the application concentration of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride mixed solution. As a result, the oil content was found to be magnesium sulfate and chloride The concentration of iodine in the mixed solution was increased from 200 ppm to 396 g / kg. The concentration of iodine in the mixed solution did not show a uniform tendency, but it was 163 mg / g at 200 ppm. In addition, the unsaturation ratio was in the range of 10.3 to 14.2 as compared with the untreated treatment, and increased depending on the spraying concentration of the mixed solution, confirming that the oil characteristic was the best at 200 ppm to 14.2 (see Table 2).

In addition, the present inventors have conducted analysis of fatty acids of flax seeds according to the spraying concentration of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride mixed solution. As a result, when magnesium sulfate and choline chloride were sprayed, palmitic acid and stearate, which are saturated fatty acids, The content of stearic acid was decreased, but oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, which are unsaturated fatty acids, were found to increase gradually. In particular, oleic acid and linoleic acid were found to increase in dependence on the concentration of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride, while linolenic acid showed the highest content at 200 ppm, although there were some differences (Table 3)

Therefore, the present inventors have found that flax ( Linum) containing magnesium sulfate and choline chloride as an active ingredient production and oil content enhancer of usitatissimum L.) seeds are likely when the flowers bloom in (foliar application of 1 liter per 10m ² at a concentration of 200 ppm in an aqueous solution on 45 to 50 days after sowing), probably to the plant, seed of the flax Production amount of flax seed oil, and content of linolenic acid which is an unsaturated fatty acid are significantly increased, so that flax seed production can be advantageously used for flax seed cultivation with increased oil content and linolenic acid content.

Further, according to the present invention,

1) seeding flax;

2) watering the soil before flowering after sowing; And

And 3) spraying flax plants with a mixture of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride at 50 to 55 days after sowing, in order to increase the yield and oil content of flax seed.

The flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.) of step 1) above may be cultivated or commercially available.

The seeding in step 1) is preferably performed by stringing the selected flax seeds at 400 to 600 g per 300 square feet at intervals of 25 to 35 cm per day, preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 cm in depth in the soil, It is more preferable that the seeding depth is 1.0 cm, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

It is preferable that the mixed solution of step 1) is mixed with magnesium sulfate and choline chloride in a ratio of 2: 3, and since no significant increase in seed production and oil content is observed except for the mixing ratio, the mixed solution is composed of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride At a ratio of 2: 3 to prepare a mixed solution.

The pre-flowering of step 2) is preferably 40 to 45 days after sowing, more preferably 42 to 45 days, but is not limited thereto.

It is preferable that the irrigation water in step 2) is sufficiently watered into the soil layer at 40 to 45 days after flax seeding, and when the water content in the soil is insufficient, the effect of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride is remarkably reduced .

The spraying of the step 3) is preferably, but not always, applied to the plant leafy side before the flower is foliar on the 50th day after the seeding of the flax seed.

The mixture of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride in step 3) preferably has a concentration of 50 to 300 ppm in the aqueous solution, more preferably 150 to 200 ppm, but is not limited thereto. The effect of the magnesium sulfate and choline chloride is remarkably reduced, so that the yield and the oil content of flax seed are not improved.

The method for increasing the yield and oil content of flax seeds of the present invention increases the yield of flax seed and the oil content of flax seed and significantly improves the content of linolenic acid which is an unsaturated fatty acid so that the flax seed yield and the oil content and linolenic acid Can be usefully used for growing flax seeds.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

However, the following examples are illustrative of the present invention in detail, and the present invention is not limited to the examples.

< Example  1> Magnesium sulfate  And choline chloride

To prepare a mixed stock solution of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride, 20 g of magnesium sulfate, 1 ml of an electrodeposition agent, 30 g of choline chloride, and 1 liter of distilled water were mixed to prepare a mixed stock solution of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride.

< Example  2> How to grow flax seeds and Magnesium sulfate  And Growth Characteristics and Seed Quantity of Flax Plants according to Spray Concentration of Choline Chloride

To determine the growth characteristics and seed yield of flax plants according to the application concentration of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride, flax seeds were sown and cultivated.

Specifically, the selected flax seeds (breed name: Hua Nam Cancer, Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) was padded with 500 g per 300 ㎡ of land at intervals of 30 cm per day, and the depth of seeds in the soil was 1 cm. Then, the soil was sufficiently watered at 40 to 45 days after sowing, and then the magnesium sulfate and choline chloride mixed stock solution, which was always prepared in Example 1 at 50 days after sowing, was mixed with 50, 100 , 150, 200, 250 or 300 ppm, and 1 liter per 10 m ² was sprayed evenly on the flax plants using an atomizer. The seeds of flax seed were harvested at 80 to 110 days after sowing, and the plant length (cm), branch index (number), number of pods (number), ripening rate (%) and ginseng weight (g) And the mean values were compared and compared.

As a result, as shown in Table 1, as the spraying concentration of the magnesium sulfate and choline chloride mixture increased, the plant height was not affected and the fraction and pod number increased slightly, but it was not statistically significant Respectively. The fruit yields showed a statistically significant difference between the spraying concentrations of the mixed solutions. As the dilution ratio of the mixed solution increased, the overall increase was observed. The weight of ginseng was highest as the spraying concentration of mixed liquor increased, and the yield of seeds was the highest among 200 ppm to 191 kg (Table 1).

Growth Characteristics and Seed Quantity According to Spray Concentration of Magnesium Sulfate and Choline Chloride Mixture Spray concentration
(ppm) Plant height
(cm) Minute index
(dog) Pod number
(dog) Fertility rate
(%) Heavenly
(g) Seed quantity
(kg / 10a) No treatment 84.1 6.7 17.4 88.4 5.92 158 50 84.5 6.6 17.4 88.9 5.94 161 100 85.2 6.8 18.1 89.3 6.11 168 150 85.4 6.7 17.8 90.6 6.24 175 200 85.2 6.6 18.9 94.0 6.82 191 250 84.8 6.5 18.2 90.2 6.22 171 300 83.6 6.6 17.8 90.4 6.23 170

< Example  3> Magnesium sulfate  And oil content, iodine value and unsaturation ratio according to the spraying concentration of choline chloride

To determine the oil content and quality change of flax plants according to the application concentration of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride mixture, we measured the oil content of flax seed, the iodine value indicating the characteristics of fat fat and the unsaturation ratio indicating the oil quality.

Specifically, the oil content, the iodine value and the unsaturation ratio of flax seeds were measured according to the method described in Food Code (2001) for flax seed cultivated in the same manner as in Example 2 above.

As a result, as shown in Table 2, the oil content increased depending on the concentration of the mixture of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride, which was the highest at 200 ppm to 396 g / kg, and the iodine- And 163 mg / g at 200 ppm. In addition, the unsaturation ratio was in the range of 10.3 to 14.2 as compared with the untreated, and increased depending on the spraying concentration of the mixed solution, and it was confirmed that the unsaturated ratio was the most excellent oil property at 200 ppm to 14.2 (Table 2).

Changes in oil content, iodine value and unsaturation ratio depending on the application concentration of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride mixture Spray concentration (ppm) Oil content (g / kg) Iodine (mg / g) Unsaturation ratio No treatment 350 153 10.0 50 353 154 10.3 100 355 153 10.7 150 379 158 12.4 200 396 163 14.2 250 364 158 11.6 300 368 159 11.4

< Example  3> Magnesium sulfate  And the ratio of oil composition to spray concentration of choline chloride

The fatty acid composition of flax seeds was analyzed in order to investigate the changes in the oil composition of flax seedlings according to the application concentration of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride.

Specifically, the fat was extracted by the Soxhlet method cultivated in the same manner as in the above <Example 2>, and then the fat was pre-treated with reference to the food culture, and a capillary column (SP-2560, 100 m x 0.2 x 0.25 mm) were analyzed with GC (Agilent GC 7890, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, Calif., USA). The inlet and detector (FID) temperatures were set at 260 ° C. The oven temperature was maintained at 180 ° C for 40 minutes, then increased to 230 ° C at 3 ° C for 20 minutes. The carrier gas used was helium gas and the split ratio was 20: 1. Each fatty acid was quantified by comparing the retention times with standard fatty acids (FAME Mix C4-C24, 100 mg, Neat, Supelco, Bellefonte, Pa., USA) under the same conditions. The content was expressed as a relative percentage of each peak .

As a result, when magnesium sulfate and choline chloride were sprayed as shown in Table 3, the proportion of palmitic acid and stearic acid, which are saturated fatty acids as a whole, decreased, whereas oleic acid, which is an unsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid were gradually increased. In particular, oleic acid and linoleic acid were found to increase in dependence on the concentration of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride, while linolenic acid showed the highest contents at 200 ppm, although there were some differences (Table 3).

Changes in the content of major fatty acids according to the application concentration of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride mixture Spray concentration
(ppm) Main fatty acid content (mg / g) Palmitic acid Stearic acid Oleic acid Linoleic acid Linolenic acid No treatment 51.4 32.0 174.1 156.5 589.1 50 52.4 34.2 178.2 155.9 576.1 100 53.1 35.2 179.1 167.4 568.2 150 48.2 37.1 173.3 165.0 593.4 200 45.0 28.3 179.8 179.8 597.8 250 46.2 27.8 176.7 175.1 571.3 300 47.5 26.7 174.5 176.3 579.1

Claims (10)

Probably containing magnesium sulfate (magnesium sulfate) and choline chloride (choline chloride) as an active ingredient mixture (Linum usitatissimum L.) yield and oil content of the seed enhancers.
The flax seed production and oil content enhancer according to claim 1, wherein the mixed solution is a mixture of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride in a ratio of 2: 3.
The flax seed production and oil content enhancer according to claim 1, wherein the flax seed production and oil content enhancer is an aqueous phase.
The flax seed production and oil content enhancer according to claim 1, wherein the mixture of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride is in a concentration of 50 to 300 ppm in an aqueous solution.
The flax seed yield and oil content enhancer according to claim 1, wherein the flax seed production and oil content enhancer is a flax seed yield and oil content enhancing agent characterized by reducing the saturated fatty acid content and the unsaturated fatty acid content with respect to seed oil.
The flax seed production and oil content enhancer according to claim 1, wherein the flax seed production amount and the oil content increasing agent further comprise an electrodeposition agent.
1) seeding flax;
2) watering the soil before flowering after sowing; And
And 3) spraying flax plants with a mixture of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride at 50 to 55 days after sowing.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the mixed solution is prepared by mixing magnesium sulfate and choline chloride in a ratio of 2: 3.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the pre-flowering of step 2) is 40 to 45 days after sowing.
The method according to claim 7, wherein the mixture of magnesium sulfate and choline chloride is sprayed on the foliage of flax plants in an amount of 80 ml to 100 ml per 1 m ² in step 3).

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