KR101278659B1 - fire protection apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, the fire prevention means includes a first distribution pipes installed in a partitioned space of a building, a plurality of injection nozzles installed at predetermined intervals in each of the first distribution pipes, and the first distribution pipe and the first supply pipe. An arithmetic mean value of the oxygen concentration detected by each oxygen concentration detection sensor, which is connected to and provided with an inert gas supply unit for adjusting an oxygen concentration to maintain an inert atmosphere by maintaining an oxygen concentration of 8 to 12% per volume. It is provided with a control unit for controlling the inert gas supply unit to maintain in the 1-3% error range.
The fire protection device of the present invention can fundamentally prevent the occurrence of fire by maintaining the oxygen concentration in which the space is not burned compartment.

Description

Fire protection apparatus

The present invention relates to a fire protection device, and more particularly to a fire protection device that can prevent the occurrence of fire by adjusting the concentration of oxygen in the fire generating space.

Deactivation methods for fire protection and extinguishing in conventional closed spaces are well known in firefighting techniques. The final evolutionary effect of these methods is based on the principle of oxygen displacement. As is generally known, normal ambient air consists of 21% oxygen per volume, 78% nitrogen per volume, and 1% other gas per volume. To extinguish or prevent fires, for example, pure or 90% nitrogen inert gas is introduced to lower the oxygen percentage by further increasing the concentration of nitrogen in the protected area in question. It is known that an evolutionary effect occurs when the oxygen percentage is lowered to approximately 15% or less by volume. In particular, partial inactivation has been proposed as a solution to inject an inert gas and mixture into a confined space to achieve an oxygen concentration of 10% by volume to 12% by volume in diluted air. This range of oxygen concentrations has been accepted as a theory to illustrate the flammability threshold of conventional combustible materials to date.

Most combustible materials may no longer burn at defined oxygen concentrations. The oxygen-substitute gas used in this "inert gas extinguishing method" is generally compressed and stored in a container or apparatus used to produce an oxygen-substitute gas in a particular access zone. Thus, an inert gas mixture, for example 90%, 95% or 99% nitrogen (or other inert gas) can also be used. The container or apparatus for producing the oxygen-substitute gas serves as the primary source of a so-called inert gas fire-extinguishing system. If necessary, the gas passes from the source through the pipeline system and the corresponding outlet nozzle to each protected area.

In order to improve the safety of such fire protection systems based on the principle of inactivating the protected zone with an inert gas, all methods known so far have focused on preventing the flow of gases necessary to maintain the inactivation concentration.

On the other hand, gas fire suppression systems use gaseous agents (eg, Halon 1301, carbon dioxide and heptafluoropropane) or combinations thereof. In fact, all of them deplete ozone, are toxic and environmentally unfriendly. In addition, such a system can only be deployed after combustion. Despite the recent emergence of the Fire Master 200 (FM 200) suppression system (product of Kidde-Fenwal, USA), it is still chemically dependent and stops fire progress for a few minutes.

U.S. Patent No. 4,726,426 (Miller) discloses a method of extinguishing a fire in an aircraft cabin using a ventilating duct from a cargo fire extinguishing system, which is a high-pressure method due to smoke, fire suppressants and their pyrolysis. Expose passengers to lethal combinations of toxic products.

In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 2007-0102511 (Applicant; Furnace or Age) discloses an inactivation method for preventing fire. The published method reduces the oxygen content of the protection zone to the base inactivation level relative to the ambient air, thereby reducing the first closed protection zone.

 And / or an inactivation method for preventing a fire or explosion in a second closed protection zone, comprising: measuring the oxygen content in the protection zone; Comparing the threshold (maximum inactivation level); And when the oxygen content falls below the threshold (maximum inactivation level), fresh air is introduced into the protection zone.

Korean Patent Registration No. 0875763 (applicant Kotlia Igor K.) discloses a low oxygen fire prevention and fire suppression system by a respirable extinguishing composition in a human-occupied environment. The published system includes a device for releasing a gas mixture containing oxygen and nitrogen, the gas mixture containing from 12% to 18% oxygen for permanent use as fire protection air, the gas mixture Silver has a composition containing from 10% by volume to 16.8% by volume for temporary use as a fire suppressant.

The fire prevention system configured as described above prevents the occurrence of fire by limiting the concentration of the single element or by the oxygen content by limiting the threshold value, but the stability of the fire prevention is possible because the oxygen concentration may vary depending on the zone within the fire generating space. Can not be planned. In particular, in the case of a space partitioned by a decorative cabinet or a book flower, such as a conduit or a museum, the distribution of oxygen concentration is not uniform, and thus it is not possible to completely exclude the occurrence of fire. In addition, the inert atmosphere in the compartment can have a fatal effect on the human body, so there is a risk of a safety accident.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, by adjusting the oxygen concentration of the partitioned space to create an inert atmosphere, a fire protection device that can create a uniform inert atmosphere in each part of the partitioned space The purpose is to provide.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fire protection device that can prevent a safety accident by adjusting the oxygen concentration when a person approaches the inert atmosphere.

The fire protection device according to the present invention for achieving the above object is the first distribution pipes are installed in the partitioned space of the building and the plurality of injection nozzles are provided at predetermined intervals in each of the first distribution pipe and It is connected by the first distribution pipe and the first supply pipe and has an inert gas supply unit for adjusting the oxygen concentration to maintain 8 to 12% per volume to create an inert atmosphere,

The arithmetic mean value of the oxygen concentrations detected by the plurality of oxygen concentration detection sensors is 1 to 3% by opening and closing the nearest injection nozzles according to the measured oxygen concentrations detected by the respective oxygen concentration detection sensors installed in the partitioned space. It characterized in that it comprises a control unit for controlling the inert gas supply unit to maintain in the error range.

In the present invention, further comprising a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the space partitioned by the inert gas supplied to the space partitioned through the inert gas supply unit, partitioned based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor A gas discharge unit for adjusting the pressure in the space is further provided. And an inert atmosphere canceling unit installed in the partitioned space to inject oxygen or air upon detection of the human body to release the inert atmosphere, wherein the inert atmosphere canceling unit comprises the first distribution pipe or the first distribution pipe. A second supply pipe is connected to the first supply pipe, and an oxygen tank or an air blower is connected to the second supply pipe.

The fire protection device according to the present invention can fundamentally prevent the occurrence of fire in the partitioned space of the building. In particular, it creates an inert atmosphere by adjusting the oxygen concentration in the partitioned space, which can cause fatal damage even in the event of a small fire such as a museum, a space where computer servers are installed, a military facility, or a library where ancient books are stored. It can prevent and reduce the occurrence of safety accidents in an inert atmosphere with low oxygen concentration. In addition, it is possible to increase the reliability of fire protection by excluding the possibility of a fire occurring by the difference in oxygen concentration at each position of the internal space.

1 is a partial ablation perspective view showing a fire protection device according to the present invention,
Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the main portion of the fire protection device according to the present invention.

The fire protection device according to the present invention is to create an inert atmosphere with a low probability of fire in the internal space of the building to prevent the occurrence of fire, an embodiment is shown in Figures 1 to 2.

Referring to the drawings, the fire protection device 10 according to the present invention may cause a fatal loss in a small fire such as a compartment 110 of the building 100, that is, a library, a museum, a space where a computer server is installed, a military facility, and the like. The first distribution pipes 11 for supplying the inert gas to the partitioned space may be installed at predetermined intervals, and the first distribution pipes 11 may be supplied with the inert gas. A plurality of injection nozzles 12 are installed. Each injection nozzle 12 may be installed by branch pipes 13 extending to both sides of the first distribution pipe 11. In addition, each of the first distribution pipes 11 is provided with unit valves V1-V6 for controlling the supply of gas. It is preferable that the unit valves V1-v6 use an electromagnetic valve. The branch pipe 13 may be provided with a valve for controlling the gas discharged through the injection nozzle.

In addition, the first distribution pipes 11 connected to the first supply pipe 21 to be described later are divided into unit zones based on the floor of the partitioned space of the building 100, and are independent of the sides corresponding to the unit zones. (Independently connected to the first supply pipe) is installed, the unit valve is installed to intermittently supply the gas to the first distribution pipe 11 installed in one unit zone. (See Figs. 1 and 2). )

Each of the first distribution pipes 11 is connected by the inert gas supply unit 20 and the first supply pipe 21. The inert gas supply unit 20 is for supplying an inert gas to maintain the oxygen concentration of the partitioned space of 8 to 12% by volume, the inert for supplying the inert gas to the first supply pipe 21 The gas tank 22 is provided. As the inert gas, an inert gas such as helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn) nitrogen is used. The first supply pipe 21 is provided with a first main valve M1 for controlling supply of inert gas. The gas supply unit 20 is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be formed of a nitrogen generating unit 25 capable of separating and supplying nitrogen from air. The nitrogen generating unit 25 may be connected to the first supply pipe (21).

The nitrogen generating unit 25 may be a conventional apparatus including an air compressor, air tank, filter, adsorption dryer, nitrogen generator, nitrogen tank. Nitrogen generator generates nitrogen using compressed air from which steam and dust have been removed. As a shorthand for pressure swing adsorption, PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) that separates gas components using pressure fluctuation can be applied. PSA can produce nitrogen through a series of repetitive / repetitive four-step processes such as pressurization, adsorption, decompression, and purification in one or more adsorption towers filled with an adsorbent such as CMS (Carbon Molecular sieve) that selectively adsorbs the desired gas. have. In the case of separating the air, the oxygen selectivity to the carbon molecular sieve (CMS) is higher than that of nitrogen, so when air is introduced into the adsorption tower filled with the adsorbent, nitrogen with low adsorption selectivity is produced at the outlet of the adsorption tower. do.

Oxygen concentration detection sensors 35 are installed in the building on the side corresponding to the unit space in which the partitioned space 110 is divided, and detect oxygen concentration in the unit space in which the partitioned space is divided. This oxygen concentration detection sensor 35 is preferably installed at a position of 1 to 1.8m from the bottom surface. The arithmetic mean value of the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration detection sensor 35 can be maintained in an error range of 1 to 3% by comparing the oxygen concentration of the unit region detected by the oxygen concentration detection sensor 35 with the preset oxygen concentration. The control unit 30 for controlling the first main valve M1 and the unit valve V1 is provided. The arithmetic mean of the oxygen concentration is adjusted by injecting an inert gas from the injection nozzle provided in the first distribution pipe 11 located on the side corresponding to the station corresponding to the unit zone where the oxygen concentration is high. This discharge can be adjusted by the controller 30 to the sensor.

 The oxygen concentration value set in the control unit 30 may be adjusted according to the characteristics of the article installed in the partitioned space 110, so as to maintain 8 to 12% per volume as described above. If the concentration of oxygen is less than 8% per volume, people located in compartments are likely to die 50% within 6 minutes and 100% within 8 minutes. Therefore, lowering the concentration of oxygen below 8% per volume should be carefully considered. At 12% per volume, the occurrence of fire can be prevented at the source. Even when the concentration of oxygen is in the range of 13% to 15% per volume, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of fire, but in the case of flammable substances, it is not possible to fundamentally suppress the occurrence of fire.

The unit zone may be provided with a sensor for measuring the concentration of the inert gas used. That is, in the case of using nitrogen or argon gas, a sensor for measuring the concentration of these gases may be installed, and the control unit 30 is connected to the unit valves V1-V6 based on the information detected by these sensors. The first main valve M1 may be opened or closed.

On the other hand, the fire protection device 10 of the present invention is an inert atmosphere by the inert atmosphere cancellation unit 40 for supplying oxygen to cancel the inert atmosphere of the partitioned space of the building, and the inert atmosphere by the pressure sensor installed in the partitioned space A gas emission control unit 50 for automatically discharging the gas in the space when the pressure of the space partitioned by the inert gas supplied for the composition is increased, and also in the interior of the building or the compartment space of the building or It is further provided with a recognition unit (60) installed at the inlet side of the compartment space to check whether the compartment is inert. The inert atmosphere release unit 40, the gas discharge control unit 50, and the recognition unit 60 are controlled by the control unit 30, but are not limited thereto and may be independently controlled and operated.

The inert atmosphere release unit 40 is connected to the first supply pipe 21 to supply the air or oxygen to the first distribution pipe 11 and the second supply pipe 41, the second supply pipe 41 Oxygen tank 42 is connected to or is provided with a blower (43) for pumping the air that is outside air to supply to the partitioned space. The oxygen tank 42 and the blower 43 may be connected in parallel. In addition, the second supply pipe 41 is provided with a second main valve M2 which controls the supply of air or oxygen and is controlled by the controller 30.

The inert atmosphere canceling unit 40 is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be made of a ventilation system having a blower capable of venting air in a partitioned space to the outside air.

The gas discharge unit 50 is located in the space partitioned by the control unit 30 when the value detected by the pressure sensor 51 and the pressure sensor 51 installed in the partitioned space of the building is higher than the set pressure value. It further includes a damper 52 for discharging the gas to the outside. The damper 52 has a duct 52a for ventilating the inside and the outside air, and a door 52b which is rotated forward and backward by a motor to open and close the duct 52a. The set pressure is preferably such that the door for opening and closing the duct can be operated when the pressure in the partitioned space is more than 1.1 times the atmospheric pressure.

The recognition unit 60 may recognize whether a user maintains an inert atmosphere in the partitioned space of the building to the user entering and exiting the partitioned space, and the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration detection sensor 35. When it reaches the set concentration is provided on the entrance side of the partitioned space is provided with a lamp (61) or a bell (not shown) flashing light. The flashing of the lamp 61 may be turned on or off by the controller 20. The recognition unit 60 may be further provided with a human body sensor 65 for detecting a user's movement in the interior space of the building to recognize the user. The human body sensor 65 may be a light emitting sensor or a proximity sensor.

Although not shown in the drawing, the recognition unit 60 may further include a locking device that locks the door of the entrance and exit when the oxygen concentration in the partitioned space is equal to or greater than the set concentration. The locking device is preferably such that the partitioned space can be opened when maintaining the oxygen concentration such as outside air.

Referring to the operation of the fire protection device according to the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

First, a state in which there is no person is confirmed by the human body sensor 65 of the recognition unit 60 in the partitioned space 110 of the building 100 or a user manipulates the control unit 20 to display the partitioned space 110. In order to make an inert atmosphere for fire protection, the first main valve M1 of the inert gas supply unit 20 is opened, and the first supply pipe 21 and the first supply pipe 21 connected to the first supply pipe 21 are opened from the inert gas tank 22. Inert gas, such as nitrogen gas, is supplied to the partitioned space through the first distribution pipes 11 and the injection nozzle 12. At this time, the first main valve M1 installed in the first supply pipe 21 and the first unit valves V1 -V6 installed in the first distribution pipes 11 are operated by the controller 30.

The inert gas is supplied to the partitioned space 100 as described above until the oxygen concentration per volume detected by the oxygen concentration detection sensors 35 reaches 8 to 12% per volume, which is the set oxygen concentration. At this time, the oxygen concentration detected by each oxygen concentration detection sensor 35 may vary according to the unit space partitioned by the first distribution pipe 11, and the oxygen concentration detected by each oxygen concentration detection sensor 35 is measured. The arithmetic mean value of oxygen concentration can be maintained within an error range of 1 to 3%. The error is that the unit space at the window side, the door, and the heating / cooling duct of the partitioned space may have a different concentration of oxygen even if an inert gas is supplied. In this case, the first space at the position corresponding to the unit space is different. The unit valve of the distribution pipe 11 may be opened to further supply an inert gas to lower the concentration of oxygen. Therefore, it is possible to fundamentally solve the problem that a fire may occur due to an increase in oxygen concentration of a specific unit space divided among the compartments 110. In particular, when the pressure of the partitioned space is higher than the atmospheric pressure, the pressure inside the space partitioned by the pressure sensor 51 is sensed, the control unit 30 by the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor 51 By operating the damper 60 can lower the pressure in the compartment.

As described above, in order to use the space partitioned by the user while the partitioned space maintains the inert atmosphere, oxygen or air is supplied to the space 110 partitioned by the inert atmosphere canceling unit 40 by the controller 30. Supply.

The supply of oxygen or air by the inert atmosphere canceling unit 40 is opened by operating the second main valve M2 provided in the second supply pipe 41 by the controller 30. In this state, oxygen or air is supplied from the oxygen tank or the blower 43 through the second supply pipe 41, the first distribution pipe 11, and the injection nozzle 13. As described above, when oxygen or air is supplied and the oxygen concentration per volume is the same as the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere, the inert atmosphere is detected by the oxygen concentration detection sensor 35 and the pressure sensor 51, and the controller 30 is detected. ) Stops the supply of oxygen or air through the inert atmosphere releasing unit. Therefore, the user can enter and act in the set space.

As described above, the fire protection device according to the present invention can fundamentally prevent the occurrence of fire by creating a partitioned space of a building in an inert atmosphere where no fire can occur. In particular, it is applicable to areas with high risk of fire, such as museums, spaces where expensive electronics are installed, and libraries with old books.

The fire protection means according to the present invention described above has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, but this is only an example, and those skilled in the art have various modifications and other equivalent embodiments therefrom. I understand that it is possible.

Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention will be defined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

10: fire protection device.
11; first distribution pipe 12; spray nozzle
13; branch pipe
20; Inert gas supply unit 21; 1st supply pipe
22; Inert gas tank
30; The control unit
40; inert area termination unit 41; second supply pipe
43; blower
50; gas discharge unit 60; recognition unit

Claims (6)

delete First distribution pipes installed in a partitioned space of a building, a plurality of injection nozzles installed at predetermined intervals in each of the first distribution pipes, and the oxygen concentration connected by the first distribution pipe and the first supply pipe. It is provided with an inert gas supply unit for adjusting to maintain 8 to 12% per volume to create an inert atmosphere,
The arithmetic mean value of the oxygen concentrations detected by the plurality of oxygen concentration detection sensors is 1 to 3 by opening and closing the nearest injection nozzles according to the measured value of the oxygen concentrations detected by the respective oxygen concentration detection sensors installed in the partitioned space. A control unit for controlling the inert gas supply unit to maintain at a% error range;
It is further provided with a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the space partitioned by the inert gas supplied to the space partitioned through the inert gas supply unit,
And a gas discharge unit for adjusting the pressure in the partitioned space based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor. First distribution pipes installed in a partitioned space of a building, a plurality of injection nozzles installed at predetermined intervals in each of the first distribution pipes, and the oxygen concentration connected by the first distribution pipe and the first supply pipe. It is provided with an inert gas supply unit for adjusting to maintain 8 to 12% per volume to create an inert atmosphere,
The arithmetic mean value of the oxygen concentrations detected by the plurality of oxygen concentration detection sensors is 1 to 3 by opening and closing the nearest injection nozzles according to the measured value of the oxygen concentrations detected by the respective oxygen concentration detection sensors installed in the partitioned space. A control unit for controlling the inert gas supply unit to maintain at a% error range;
Installed in the partitioned space is a fire protection device characterized in that it further comprises an inert atmosphere cancellation unit for injecting oxygen or air upon detection of the human body to terminate the inert atmosphere. The method of claim 3, wherein
The inert atmosphere canceling unit comprises a first supply pipe connected to the first distribution pipe, and an oxygen tank or an air blower connected to the first supply pipe. First distribution pipes installed in a partitioned space of a building, a plurality of injection nozzles installed at predetermined intervals in each of the first distribution pipes, and the oxygen concentration connected by the first distribution pipe and the first supply pipe. It is provided with an inert gas supply unit for adjusting to maintain 8 to 12% per volume to create an inert atmosphere,
The arithmetic mean value of the oxygen concentrations detected by the plurality of oxygen concentration detection sensors is 1 to 3 by opening and closing the nearest injection nozzles according to the measured value of the oxygen concentrations detected by the respective oxygen concentration detection sensors installed in the partitioned space. A control unit for controlling the inert gas supply unit to maintain at a% error range;
The oxygen concentration sensor is a fire protection device, characterized in that installed at 1 to 1.8m from the bottom of the partitioned space of the building. First distribution pipes installed in a partitioned space of a building, a plurality of injection nozzles installed at predetermined intervals in each of the first distribution pipes, and the oxygen concentration connected by the first distribution pipe and the first supply pipe. It is provided with an inert gas supply unit for adjusting to maintain 8 to 12% per volume to create an inert atmosphere,
The arithmetic mean value of the oxygen concentrations detected by the plurality of oxygen concentration detection sensors is 1 to 3 by opening and closing the nearest injection nozzles according to the measured value of the oxygen concentrations detected by the respective oxygen concentration detection sensors installed in the partitioned space. A control unit for controlling the inert gas supply unit to maintain at a% error range;
A fire protection device, characterized in that it further comprises a recognition unit installed in the interior of the compartment or the compartment space entrance side of the building to check whether the inert powder crisis.

Images