KR101259820B1 - Fuel cell system and ship having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A fuel cell system and a vessel having the same are disclosed. Fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention receives the heat generated by the hydrogen generation unit for generating hydrogen gas, the air and LNG by using any one of water and sea water to cool the heat generated when the phase change of LNG to vaporized NG Air liquefied separator for generating at least one of oxygen gas and liquefied oxygen from air, heat exchanged with liquefied oxygen to phase change liquefied oxygen generated from air liquefied branched to oxygen gas, or heat exchanged with oxygen gas And a fuel cell stack for supplying gas and hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to produce a current.

Description

Fuel cell system and ship having the same}

The present invention relates to a fuel cell system and a ship having the same.

A solid oxide fuel cell is an energy conversion device that converts chemical energy owned by a fuel gas directly into electrical energy by an electrochemical reaction. In the electrochemical reaction of a solid oxide fuel cell, in the anode, hydrogen meets oxygen ions that have passed through electrons and moves through the electrolyte to generate water and heat, and the electrons generated at the anode produce a DC current through an external circuit. It moves to the cathode, meets oxygen at the cathode, becomes oxygen ions, and the generated ions move to the anode through the electrolyte.

Since the potential difference obtained from one basic unit cell of a fuel cell of an anode / electrolyte / air electrode is about 1 V, in order to use the fuel cell as a power source, the fuel cell is centered on a stack in which several unit cells are connected in series or in parallel. The system is being configured.

Typical fuel cell systems include fuel cell stacks that produce electricity, fuel processing devices that supply hydrogen / hydrocarbon and oxygen to fuel cell stacks, conversion systems that convert DC power produced by fuel cell stacks to AC power, The heat recovery device recovers heat generated from the fuel cell stack.

Fuel cells can be classified into three categories depending on the substance of the electrolyte used: alkali fuel cells (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC), polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEMFC), molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cells ).

On the other hand, alkaline fuel cells are sufficiently economical than other fuel cells. This is because other fuel cells need expensive materials that are weak points in electrolytes and catalysts, but alkaline fuel cells do not need expensive materials.

However, alkaline fuel cells have a problem that it is difficult to commercialize because of the characteristics that pure hydrogen and oxygen must be supplied as fuel. Thus, fuel cell types of polymer electrolyte fuel cells and other fossil fuels have been developed.

An embodiment of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system and a vessel having the same by generating pure oxygen and hydrogen and supplying it to the fuel cell system to improve the efficiency of the fuel cell system and increase the reaction rate.

According to an aspect of the invention, the hydrogen generation unit for generating hydrogen gas using any one of water and sea water; An air liquefaction separator that receives air and LNG and generates at least one of oxygen gas and liquefied oxygen from the air by using cold heat generated when the LNG is phase-changed into vaporized NG; A first heat exchanger for exchanging liquefied oxygen generated from the liquefied oxygen to oxygen gas or a first heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the liquefied oxygen and the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas to generate a current A fuel cell system including a cell stack can be provided.

At this time, the hydrogen generating unit may include an alkaline sea water generating unit for generating the hydrogen gas by electrolysis of sea water.

On the other hand, the hydrogen generation unit may include an electrolysis unit for generating the hydrogen gas by electrolysis of water.

On the other hand, the hydrogen generation unit may include a reactor for generating the hydrogen gas by reacting any one of the water and sea water with sodium.

At this time, the hot exhaust gas generated in the fuel cell stack may be supplied to the first heat exchanger to exchange heat with any one or more of the oxygen gas and the liquefied oxygen.

On the other hand, it may further include a catalytic burner for increasing the temperature of the liquefied oxygen or oxygen gas by burning the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the fuel cell stack.

On the other hand, the combustion gas generated from the catalytic combustor may be supplied to the first heat exchanger to exchange heat with any one or more of the oxygen gas and liquefied oxygen.

In this case, the fuel processor may further include a fuel processor configured to receive the vaporized NG and generate a fuel gas including hydrogen.

The fuel processor may include a desulfurizer for removing sulfur components by receiving the vaporized NG and a reformer for reforming the desulfurized NG by receiving the vaporized NG to generate the fuel gas including hydrogen.

On the other hand, the air liquefied separator is a compressor for compressing the air; A purifier for purifying compressed air by the compressor; A second heat exchanger in which the vaporization heat of the LNG and the air purified in the purifier exchange heat; It may include an expansion valve for adiabatic expansion of the heat-exchanged air to reach the liquefaction temperature of oxygen contained in the air, and a separator for separating the air passing through the expansion valve into oxygen and nitrogen.

At this time, the air liquefaction separator is installed between the compressor and the purifier, the third heat exchanger for heat exchange between the nitrogen supplied from the separator and supplied from the separator and the air supplied from the compressor; A fourth heat exchanger installed between the second heat exchanger and the expansion valve and separated from the separator and supplied between the fourth heat exchanger and the purifier and the second heat exchanger, in which the air supplied from the second heat exchanger exchanges heat. It may further include at least one of the fifth heat exchanger installed and the heat exchanged between the oxygen supplied from the fourth heat exchanger and the air supplied from the purifier.

The air liquefaction separator may further include a pump for supplying the oxygen separated from the separator to at least one of the fourth heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger.

On the other hand, the air liquefaction separator may further include a nitrogen storage for storing the nitrogen.

In this case, the compressor may be driven by any one or more of the exhaust gas generated from the fuel cell system, steam generated from the ship, and exhaust gas of the ship engine.

On the other hand, the compressor may be driven by the power generated from the fuel cell system.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage tank and a fuel cell system for storing water or seawater, wherein any one of the water and seawater stored in the storage tank is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen or in the water and seawater. A vessel may be provided which reacts with sodium to produce hydrogen and supply it to the fuel cell system.

The LNG storage tank may further include an LNG storage tank configured to store LNG, and the fuel cell system may receive liquefied LNG from the LNG storage tank to generate liquefied oxygen from air by using cold heat generated during vaporization of the LNG. .

The fuel cell system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may generate pure hydrogen and supply it to the fuel cell system, thereby improving efficiency of the fuel cell system and increasing reaction rate.

In addition, the fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention to liquefy the oxygen contained in the air using the vaporization heat of LNG to generate pure oxygen and supply it to the fuel cell system to improve the efficiency of the fuel cell system and the reaction rate Can increase.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air liquefaction separator of a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air liquefaction separator of a fuel cell system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a ship according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, configurations and operations of embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air liquefaction separator of a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, combustion gas supplied from the catalytic combustion device 600 to the first heat exchanger 500, exhaust gas supplied from the fuel cell stack 700 to the catalytic combustion device 600, and the first heat exchanger 500 is a catalyst. The flows associated with the oxygen gas supplied to the combustor 600 and the oxygen gas supplied by the catalytic combustor 600 to the fuel cell stack are shown in dashed lines. The same applies to FIGS. 3 and 4.

Referring to FIG. 1, the fuel cell system 10 according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a hydrogen generator 200, an oxygen generator, a fuel processor 300, a first heat exchanger 500, and a fuel cell stack. 700 and a catalytic combustor 600.

The hydrogen generator 200 generates hydrogen and supplies the hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 700. The hydrogen generator 200 may include an alkaline seawater generator 210 and a seawater reservoir 270. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any device capable of generating hydrogen may be included in the technical idea of the present invention.

The alkaline seawater generating unit 210 receives the seawater to electrolyze the seawater to generate hydrogen gas and chlorine gas. Through electrolysis according to [Formula 1], seawater generates alkaline seawater, hydrogen gas, and chlorine gas containing sodium hydroxide.

Preferably, the alkaline seawater generating unit 210 may be an ultra-low frequency electrolysis system (ULFELS). When a diesel generator is operated with fossil energy as fuel in a plant or a ship, exhaust gas is generated. An alkaline seawater generator is a device for reducing such exhaust gas.

Alkali water generation apparatus injects alkaline sea water and the sea water to the NOx, SOx, the exhaust gas containing the CO _2. And it processes the seawater NOx, SOx, CO ₂ and the reaction and discharged.

The alkaline seawater generating device generates hydrogen by the above [Formula 1] in the process of alkalizing seawater. The generated hydrogen may be supplied to the fuel cell stack 700.

At this time, the alkaline seawater storage unit 270 stores the generated alkaline seawater from the alkaline seawater generation unit 210.

Meanwhile, the oxygen generator supplies at least one of oxygen gas and liquefied oxygen to the fuel cell stack 700. Preferably, the fuel cell system 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention may use the air liquefaction separator 100 as an embodiment of the oxygen generating unit. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any device capable of supplying pure oxygen gas may be included in the technical idea of the present invention.

In this case, before supplying any one or more of oxygen gas and liquefied oxygen to the fuel cell stack 700, the first heat exchanger 500 may first increase the temperature of the oxygen gas or change the liquefied oxygen into oxygen gas. Can be supplied to

The air liquefaction separator 100 receives air from the outside and cools the air by using cold heat generated during vaporization of LNG to separate the liquefied oxygen.

Referring to FIG. 2, the air liquefaction separator 100 may include a compressor 110, a purifier 120, a second heat exchanger 140, an expansion valve 130, and a separator 180.

The compressor 110 compresses the air supplied from the outside. In the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the power of the compressor 110, which is an external power consuming device, may be supplied in the following manner.

First, the compressor 110 may compress air by using the exhaust gas generated from the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. For example, the compressor may be operated by driving a turbine using exhaust gases of high temperature fuel cells MCFC and SOFC.

Secondly, the compressor 110 may be driven by the power generated from the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This method consumes a part of the production power of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Third, the steam generated by the ship can be used to compress the air. For example, the compressor may be driven by receiving steam generated by heating fresh water through combustion of boil-off gas of LNG. Preferably, the compressor may be operated by driving a turbine by receiving steam generated by heating fresh water through combustion of boiled gas of LNG in an LNG vessel including an LNG storage tank and a fuel cell system.

Fourth, the air can be compressed using the exhaust gas of the engine propelling the vessel. For example, the exhaust gas of the main propulsion engine can be used to compress the air. The air may be compressed by supplying steam from an economizer that generates steam using the exhaust gas of the ship's engine and driving the turbine.

On the other hand, the refiner 120 receives compressed air from the compressor 110 to purify the compressed air. The purifier 120 removes carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water contained in the compressed air.

The second heat exchanger 140 receives LNG from the outside to cool the compressed air. The supplied LNG vaporizes heat from the compressed air. The compressed air deprived of heat by the vaporized LNG is cooled.

Expansion valve 130 adiabatic expansion of the compressed air. As the compressed air is adiabaticly expanded, the compressed air reaches a liquefaction temperature capable of liquefying oxygen. The volume is expanded as the compressed air passes through the expansion valve 130 without a heat source supplied from the outside, and thus the compressed air is cooled to reach a temperature at which oxygen contained in the air can be liquefied.

Separator 180 receives air from expansion valve 130 and separates the liquid oxygen (LO ₂ ) and nitrogen. The generated nitrogen gas (GN ₂ ) is an inert gas, so it may be stored in a storage tank or used for other necessary purposes. And the generated liquid oxygen is supplied to the first heat exchanger (500).

The air liquefaction separator 100 of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention may further include a nitrogen storage unit 191 for storing nitrogen.

On the other hand, the fuel processing unit 300 receives the NG vaporized from the air liquefied separator to generate a fuel gas containing hydrogen. In this case, the fuel processing unit 300 may include a desulfurizer for removing sulfur components by receiving vaporized NG and a reformer for reforming receiving NG from which sulfur components are removed to generate fuel gas including hydrogen.

Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 1, the first heat exchanger 500 heats up the high temperature exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack 700 to primarily increase the temperature of the liquefied oxygen supplied from the air liquefaction separator 100. Let's do it. This converts the liquefied oxygen into oxygen gas.

In addition, the first heat exchanger 500 may receive a high temperature combustion gas from the catalytic combustor 600 to exchange heat with liquefied oxygen.

In this case, although not shown in FIG. 1, the first heat exchanger 500 heat-exchanges the fuel gas containing hydrogen generated by the fuel processor 300 with the high-temperature combustion gas of the catalytic combustor or the exhaust gas of the fuel cell stack. To increase the temperature of the fuel gas and then supply it to the fuel cell stack. Here, the exhaust gas may include the exhaust gas of the anode and the exhaust gas of the cathode, which will be described later.

On the other hand, the fuel cell stack 700 receives the vaporized oxygen from the first heat exchanger 500 or the catalytic burner 600, and receives pure hydrogen from the hydrogen generating unit 200 or hydrogen from the fuel processing unit 300. It generates the current by receiving the included fuel gas. In this case, the fuel cell stack 700 may include an anode including an anode gas outlet and an anode gas inlet, and an anode including an anode gas outlet and an anode gas inlet.

In this case, the fuel cell stack 700 discharges fuel gas and pure hydrogen introduced through the anode gas inlet to the anode gas outlet. The exhaust gas of the anode may include a fuel gas in which the electrochemical reaction is performed and an unreacted fuel gas in which the electrochemical reaction is not performed. In addition, it may include hydrogen gas in which the electrochemical reaction is performed and hydrogen gas in which the electrochemical reaction is not performed.

In addition, the fuel cell stack 700 discharges the oxygen gas introduced through the cathode gas inlet to the cathode gas outlet. In this case, the exhaust gas of the cathode may include unreacted oxygen in which the electrochemical reaction is not performed.

On the other hand, the catalytic combustor 600 is supplied with the exhaust gas of the cathode and the exhaust gas of the anode to produce a high-temperature combustion gas, the temperature of the oxygen supplied from the first heat exchanger 500 using the high-temperature combustion gas Raise 2nd. The catalytic combustor 600 supplies oxygen to the fuel cell stack 700 having the elevated temperature. In the fuel cell system according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of oxygen is increased in the first heat exchanger 500 and the catalytic burner 600. For example, only one of them may be used to increase the temperature of oxygen. have.

Next, a process of producing a current using the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

First, the alkaline seawater generating unit 210 of the hydrogen generating unit 200 generates the pure hydrogen gas by electrolyzing the seawater and supplies the generated pure hydrogen gas to the fuel cell stack 700. The seawater storage unit 270 receives and stores the alkaline seawater generated by the alkaline seawater generation unit 210.

Next, the air supplied from the outside is compressed by the compressor 110. Afterwards, the purifier 120 removes CO ₂ and moisture from the compressed air. Thereafter, the LNG is supplied to the second heat exchanger 140 to vaporize the LNG to take heat from the compressed air to cool the compressed air.

Next, the cooled compressed air passes through the expansion valve 130 and adiabatic expansion, oxygen contained in the air reaches the liquefaction temperature. Thereafter, in the separator, air is separated into liquid oxygen and nitrogen.

Thereafter, the first heat exchanger 500 receives the liquefied oxygen supplied from the air liquefied separator 100 and receives a high temperature exhaust gas from the fuel cell stack 700 to heat it. The heated liquefied oxygen is phase-changed into a gas and supplied to the catalytic combustor 600 in the form of oxygen gas. The catalytic combustor 600 receives the high temperature exhaust gas containing the unreacted fuel gas from the fuel cell stack and burns it, and raises the temperature of the oxygen gas by using the generated combustion gas. The elevated oxygen gas is supplied to the fuel cell stack.

On the other hand, LNG passing through the second heat exchanger 140 is vaporized into gas. The vaporized NG is supplied to the fuel processor 300. After the desulfurization is received by the vaporized NG supplied from the desulfurizer of the fuel processing unit 300. Next, the NG desulfurized in the reformer of the fuel processor 300 is reformed to generate fuel gas. The generated fuel gas is supplied to the fuel cell stack 700.

Subsequently, in the fuel cell stack 700, hydrogen included in the fuel gas or pure hydrogen generated in the hydrogen generating unit reacts with oxygen to generate current, water vapor, and heat.

Meanwhile, the air liquefaction separator of the fuel processing system according to the first embodiment of the present invention vaporizes LNG before supplying the LNG to the fuel processing unit 300. As the LNG vaporizes, the air liquefaction separator 100 performs a liquefaction process using a principle of taking heat away. Here, the liquefaction separation process is a process of absorbing heat from the air when the LNG is vaporized to cool the air, thereby liquefying the oxygen contained in the air to separate the oxygen from the air.

At this time, the oxygen separated in the liquefaction step should be raised in temperature to match the operating temperature prior to supply to the fuel cell stack. To this end, the fuel processing system according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention heats oxygen to an operating temperature using the first heat exchanger 500 to supply the fuel cell stack 700.

On the other hand, the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention is to supply the fuel gas and oxygen to the fuel cell stack to produce power, and in terms of output, it is suitable to supply pure oxygen as an oxidant, but in terms of economics, air in the air Can be supplied.

However, since nitrogen, which occupies about 80% of air, is an inert substance, it can absorb the chemical energy of the supplied fuel gas in the form of heat, thereby reducing the efficiency of the fuel cell system. In addition, the method of supplying air may have a lower oxygen concentration than the supply of pure oxygen, thereby lowering a reaction rate.

Therefore, the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention liquefies and supplies oxygen contained in the air. Accordingly, the nitrogen is separated to prevent unnecessary energy loss by the inert material and increase the reaction rate, so that the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention can reduce the amount of the catalyst or the material required for the reaction.

On the other hand, the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention from an alkaline seawater generating device (ULFELS, Ultra-low Frequency Electrolysis System) for treating the exhaust gas of the power generation facilities for producing electricity from fossil fuel in plants or ships Pure hydrogen can be operated to operate efficiently.

Next, a fuel cell system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

A configuration similar or identical to that of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment of the present invention will not be described in detail.

Referring to FIG. 3, the hydrogen generation unit 200 ′ of the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment of the present invention may include a reactor 230 and a seawater storage unit 270.

The reactor 230 reacts sodium (Na) and seawater to produce sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen gas by the following [Formula 2]. The generated alkaline seawater is stored in the seawater storage unit 270, and the hydrogen gas is supplied to the fuel cell stack 700.

By reacting the seawater with sodium to generate pure hydrogen gas and supplying it to the fuel cell stack 700, the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment of the present invention can be operated more efficiently.

In this case, the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment of the present invention generates hydrogen gas by reacting seawater with sodium, but, for example, hydrogen gas may be generated by reacting water with sodium.

Next, a fuel cell system according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

A configuration similar or identical to that of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention among the configuration of the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment of the present invention will not be described in detail.

Referring to FIG. 4, the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment of the present invention may include an electrolysis unit 250. At this time, the electrolysis unit 250 corresponds to the hydrogen generating unit 200 of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

The electrolysis unit 250 electrolyzes water to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by the following [Formula 3]. At this time, the generated pure hydrogen gas is supplied to the fuel cell stack 700.

The fuel cell system according to the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention can further improve efficiency of the fuel cell system by electrolyzing water in the electrolysis unit to generate pure hydrogen and supplying pure hydrogen to the fuel cell stack.

Next, an air liquefaction separator of a fuel cell system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

5 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air liquefaction separator of a fuel cell system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Configurations similar to or identical to those of the air liquefaction separator of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention among the air liquefaction separator 100 ′ of the fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will not be described in detail. do.

Referring to FIG. 5, the air liquefaction separator 100 ′ of the fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention receives air from the outside to separate oxygen from air by using cold heat generated during vaporization of LNG.

At this time, the air liquefied separator 100 'is a compressor 110, a purifier 120, a second heat exchanger 140, an expansion valve 130, a separator 180, a third heat exchanger 170, a fourth heat exchanger. Machine 150 and the fifth heat exchanger 160.

The third heat exchanger 170, the fourth heat exchanger 150, and the fifth heat exchanger 160 are supplied with oxygen or nitrogen to cool the air.

Referring to FIG. 5, the third heat exchanger 170 receives nitrogen from the separator 180 and cools the air supplied from the compressor 110. The third heat exchanger 170 is installed between the compressor and the refiner.

The fourth heat exchanger 150 receives liquid oxygen from the separator 180 to cool the air supplied from the second heat exchanger 140. The fourth heat exchanger 150 is installed between the second heat exchanger 140 and the expansion valve 130.

The fifth heat exchanger 160 cools the compressed air supplied from the purifier 120 by using the oxygen supplied from the fourth heat exchanger 150. The fifth heat exchanger 160 is installed between the refiner 120 and the second heat exchanger 140.

Next, a process of separating the oxygen from the air by liquefying the oxygen contained in the air in the air liquefied separator 100 'of the fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

The process of separating the oxygen from the air by liquefying the oxygen contained in the air by the air liquefaction separator 100 'of the fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In addition to the process of liquefying the oxygen contained in the air of the liquid liquefied separator 100 to separate the oxygen from the air is added to the process of cooling the introduced air by using the cold heat of the separated oxygen and nitrogen.

In more detail, the low temperature nitrogen gas discharged from the separator 180 is supplied to the third heat exchanger 170 to cool the air supplied from the compressor. Next, the liquid oxygen separated from the separator 180 is supplied to the fourth heat exchanger 150 by the pump 190, and the liquid oxygen sequentially passes through the fourth heat exchanger 150 and the fifth heat exchanger 160. While cooling the air.

Finally, the nitrogen gas may be discharged or stored in the nitrogen storage 191 to be used in an area where an inert gas is needed. Oxygen gas is supplied to the first heat exchanger 500.

In this case, the positions of the third heat exchanger 170, the fourth heat exchanger 150, and the fifth heat exchanger 160 may vary according to the situation of the entire process.

On the other hand, the air liquefaction separator of the fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention can reduce the load required for the compressor and proceed with the air liquefaction process with a minimum energy input by using the separated heat of oxygen and nitrogen. .

Nitrogen and oxygen discharged from the separator 180 is a low temperature, and the purpose of the fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is not liquefied storage of gas, so it can be used for cooling the air.

The air liquefaction separator of the fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention supplies air or pure oxygen having a high oxygen partial pressure to the fuel cell stack through liquefaction separation of air. In particular, since oxygen must be supplied to the fuel cell stack 700 in a heated gas state, the vaporization process must be performed again in the liquid state. For example, the liquid oxygen is evaporated again by performing heat exchange with the exhaust gas in the heat exchanger.

Next, a ship according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a ship according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, a vessel 900 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention includes a fuel cell system according to various embodiments described above and includes seawater in one component of the fuel cell system, for example, a hydrogen generation unit. Or it may include a storage tank 910 for supplying water. It may also include an LNG storage tank 920 for supplying the stored LNG to the fuel cell system.

At this time, the ship according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention supplies the water or sea water from the storage tank 910 to the fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the present invention. The fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the present invention is supplied with water or sea water to electrolyze to generate pure hydrogen, and generate electricity using the same.

In addition, the fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention generates hydrogen by reacting water or seawater with sodium to produce electricity using the same.

On the other hand, the fuel cell system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention by receiving the water or sea water stored in the storage tank 910 to generate pure hydrogen to operate, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the fuel cell system.

As used herein, the term “ship” is not limited to meaning a structure that sails aquatic waters, but is used to include not only structures that sail aquatic waters, but also naval structures such as FLNG, which are floating and perform operations in aquatic waters. . The ship of the present embodiment may be, for example, LNGC or FLNG, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may implement the present invention in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. You will understand that. The embodiments described above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.

10: fuel cell system 100: air liquefied separator
110: compressor 120: purifier
130 expansion valve 140 second heat exchanger
170: third heat exchanger 150: fourth heat exchanger
160: fifth heat exchanger 180: separator
190: pump 191: nitrogen storage
200, 200 ': hydrogen generating part 210: alkali seawater generating part
230 reactor 250 electrolysis unit
270: seawater storage unit 300: fuel processing unit
500: first heat exchanger 600: catalytic combustion
700: fuel cell stack 900: ship
910: storage tank 920: LNG storage tank

Claims (17)

Hydrogen generation unit for generating hydrogen gas using any one of water and sea water;
An air liquefaction separator that receives air and LNG and generates at least one of oxygen gas and liquefied oxygen from the air by using cold heat generated when the LNG is phase-changed into vaporized NG;
A first heat exchanger which heat-exchanges with the liquefied oxygen or heat-exchanges with the oxygen gas so as to phase change the liquefied oxygen generated from the air liquefaction separation into oxygen gas;
Including a fuel cell stack for supplying the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas to produce a current,
The air liquefaction separator,
A compressor for compressing the air;
A purifier for purifying compressed air by the compressor;
A second heat exchanger in which the vaporization heat of the LNG and the air purified in the purifier exchange heat;
An expansion valve for adiabatic expansion of the heat-exchanged air to allow oxygen contained in the air to reach a liquefaction temperature;
A separator separating the air passing through the expansion valve into oxygen and nitrogen; And
And a third heat exchanger installed between the compressor and the purifier and configured to exchange heat between the nitrogen supplied separately from the separator and the air supplied from the compressor.
The method of claim 1,
The hydrogen generation unit,
A fuel cell system comprising an alkaline seawater generating unit for generating the hydrogen gas by electrolysis of seawater.
The method of claim 1,
The hydrogen generation unit,
A fuel cell system comprising an electrolysis unit for generating the hydrogen gas by electrolysis of water.
The method of claim 1,
The hydrogen generation unit,
And a reactor for generating the hydrogen gas by reacting any one of the water and sea water with sodium.
The method of claim 1,
And a high temperature exhaust gas generated from the fuel cell stack is supplied to the first heat exchanger to exchange heat with at least one of the oxygen gas and the liquefied oxygen.
The method of claim 1,
And a catalytic combustor configured to increase the temperature of the liquefied oxygen or oxygen gas by combusting the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the fuel cell stack.
The method according to claim 6,
And a combustion gas generated from the catalytic burner is supplied to the first heat exchanger to exchange heat with at least one of the oxygen gas and the liquefied oxygen.
The method of claim 1,
And a fuel processor configured to receive the vaporized NG and generate a fuel gas including hydrogen.
The method of claim 8,
The fuel processor,
Desulfurizer for removing the sulfur component by receiving the vaporized NG and
A fuel cell system comprising a reformer that receives the desulfurized vaporized NG and reforms to generate the fuel gas including hydrogen.
Hydrogen generation unit for generating hydrogen gas using any one of water and sea water;
An air liquefaction separator that receives air and LNG and generates at least one of oxygen gas and liquefied oxygen from the air by using cold heat generated when the LNG is phase-changed into vaporized NG;
A first heat exchanger which heat-exchanges with the liquefied oxygen or heat-exchanges with the oxygen gas so as to phase change the liquefied oxygen generated from the air liquefaction separation into oxygen gas;
Including a fuel cell stack for supplying the hydrogen gas and the oxygen gas to produce a current,
The air liquefaction separator,
A compressor for compressing the air;
A purifier for purifying compressed air by the compressor;
A second heat exchanger in which the vaporization heat of the LNG and the air purified in the purifier exchange heat;
An expansion valve for adiabatic expansion of the heat-exchanged air to allow oxygen contained in the air to reach a liquefaction temperature;
A separator separating the air passing through the expansion valve into oxygen and nitrogen; And
And a fourth heat exchanger installed between the second heat exchanger and the expansion valve and configured to exchange heat between the oxygen supplied from the separator and the air supplied from the second heat exchanger.
The method of claim 10,
The air liquefaction separator,
And a fifth heat exchanger installed between the purifier and the second heat exchanger and configured to exchange heat between the oxygen supplied from the fourth heat exchanger and the air supplied from the purifier.
12. The method of claim 11,
The air liquefaction separator,
And a pump for supplying the oxygen separated from the separator to at least one of the fourth heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 10 and 11,
The air liquefaction separator,
A fuel cell system further comprising a nitrogen storage unit for storing the nitrogen.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 10 and 11,
The compressor includes:
And a fuel cell system driven by at least one of exhaust gas generated from the fuel cell system, steam generated from a ship, and exhaust gas of a ship engine.
The method according to any one of claims 1, 10 and 11,
The compressor includes:
And a fuel cell system driven by electric power generated from the fuel cell system.
A ship having a storage tank for storing water or sea water,
13. A fuel cell system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12,
And electrolyze any one of the water and the seawater stored in the storage tank to produce hydrogen, or react one of the water and the seawater with sodium to produce hydrogen and supply it to the fuel cell system.
17. The method of claim 16,
Further comprising an LNG storage tank for storing LNG,
The fuel cell system includes:
Receiving the LNG from the LNG storage tank ship using the heat generated during the vaporization of the LNG liquefied oxygen from the ship, characterized in that.

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