KR101251025B1

KR101251025B1 - Equipment and method for producing synthesis gas using waste citrus

Info

Publication number: KR101251025B1
Application number: KR1020110050251A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 이시훈; 김재호; 김두일; 박영권
Original assignee: 한국에너지기술연구원
Priority date: 2011-05-26
Filing date: 2011-05-26
Publication date: 2013-04-04
Also published as: KR20120131817A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a syngas production apparatus and a production method using waste citrus, and more specifically, dried high-molecular waste citrus containing up to 80% moisture, dried in a rotary kiln-type dryer and discharged into pellets Injecting the formed waste citrus pellets into a gasifier to undergo pyrolysis and gasification to receive oil components and syngas, and a portion of the received syngas is put into a dryer to be used as combustion gas and burned in the dryer. The amount of product is controlled by adjusting the amount of pellets, the waste citrus dry matter, and the flow rate of the fluidized gas and the component mixture ratio of the fluidized gas, which are discharged after being used as the fluidized gas of the gasifier. The present invention relates to a syngas production apparatus and a production method using controllable waste citrus.

Description

Synthesis gas production apparatus and method of pyrolysis gasification using waste citrus by dry fluidized bed method {EQUIPMENT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS USING WASTE CITRUS}

The present invention relates to a syngas production apparatus and a production method using waste citrus, and more particularly, dried waste citrus having a high moisture content is dried in a rotary kiln-type dryer while being discharged under pressure to form pellets, and formed waste citrus The pellets are introduced into the gasifier to allow pyrolysis and gasification to receive oil components and syngas, and a portion of the received syngas is put into a dryer to be used as a combustion gas and discharged after being burned in the dryer. The waste citrus can be controlled by adjusting the amount of pellets, the waste citrus dry matter which is used as the gasification fluid of the gasifier, etc. It relates to a syngas production apparatus and a production method using.

Wasted citrus fruits with high moisture content are organic wastes that are produced during the production of citrus extracts.They have high moisture content to be injected into existing biomass gasifiers, which impairs smooth injection and stability of gasification reaction.

In particular, the method of producing wood vinegar, activated carbon, etc. using agricultural wastes from Korea until now has been used as a carbonization process, a kind of low-speed pyrolysis, so it is difficult to apply to waste citrus fruits having a water content of up to 80%. The conventional carbonization process carbonizes wood with the heat generated by burning a portion of wood in the temperature range of 500-700 ° C. This conventional carbonization process has a low thermal efficiency, low yield of wood vinegar and no recycling of gaseous products. Diversification was not possible.

In addition, the method of converting the agricultural waste to energy can be divided into a fixed bed, a rotary kiln, a rotary cone, a fluidized bed, etc., depending on the method of processing the agricultural waste, among which the fixed bed method is most widely used, but thermal efficiency is high. It is difficult to enlarge due to low and continuous injection.

Prior application domestic application 10-2000-0074550 is directed to a method for gasifying industrial waste, biomass or similar gasification materials. The first application is to pyrolyze industrial wastes to receive pyrolysis gas, which uses a fluidized bed method as a pyrolysis method, among which the fluidized gas is sprayed at high speed to disperse the gasification material in the interior and the high temperature sand, which is a heat transfer material The thermal decomposition is achieved by the contact. Therefore, the first application is provided in powder form to facilitate the mixing and mixing with sand, and there is a degassing process prior to gasification, but this is also preheated by using some of the high temperature sand used in the gasification reaction. will be. This prior art is a method that is not suitable for the gasification of a material having a high moisture content because the powder of the gasification material is necessary to increase the gasification efficiency because the dispersion of the fluidized form as described above.

In addition, the fluidized bed pyrolysis and gasification apparatus of agroforestry wastes of Korean Patent No. 0659497 and its method are intended to produce bio-oil rather than synthetic gas, and the gasification is performed using a dispersed sand fluidized bed method, thereby making it possible to use high-moisture agricultural forest wastes. it's difficult.

In addition, European Patent No. EPA200102010784 refers to a combustion method of oil produced by pyrolysis, which is different from the present invention which burns a part of syngas and uses it for drying.

Another patent, EPA1989050316355, relates to the pyrolysis of converting biomass into liquid products, which relates to a method of increasing the yield of liquid products by 90% through a reactor capable of fast heat exchange and low gas contact time. However, the prior art has a problem that can not receive the synthesis gas at the same time by receiving only the liquid product.

The syngas production apparatus and production method using the waste citrus of the present invention,

The dried citrus fruits with high moisture content are dried and pressurized to prepare pellets having a water content of 5 to 10% by weight, and the pellets with low water content are used for pyrolysis and gasification in a fluidized fluidized bed method in a gasifier. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for producing syngas.

In another aspect, the present invention is to increase the production of bio-oil by using the discharge gas from the drying furnace as the fluidizing gas of the gasifier.

Synthetic gas production apparatus using waste citrus of the present invention for solving the above problems,

In the apparatus for producing a synthetic gas by drying the waste citrus containing a large amount of moisture and then pyrolysis gas, the inner cylinder for quantitatively transporting the high-moisture waste citrus supplied by the screw feeder to one side, and the inner cylinder And rotary kiln type dryer for drying the waste citrus with combustion heat consisting of an outer cylinder for transferring heat to the inner cylinder by combustion; A gas discharge pipe for discharging the burned gas of the outer cylinder to the outside; Pyrolysis chamber in which the waste citrus dry product dried in the dryer is introduced to pyrolyze and gasify, a mixing chamber installed under the pyrolysis chamber and inflowing fluidized gas and steam from outside, and mixed between the pyrolysis chamber and the mixing chamber. A gasifier in which a bubble cap dispersion plate is interposed and integrally coupled to supply the fluidization gas and steam of the mixing chamber to the pyrolysis chamber; A cyclone communicating with an upper portion of the pyrolysis chamber of the gasifier to receive a pyrolyzed gas to separate gas-solid components; A heat exchanger for cooling the gas separated by the cyclone to separate an oil component from a synthesis gas and to store the oil component in an oil collector; A product gas discharge pipe for discharging the syngas separated from the oil component; A fluidizing gas supply pipe for supplying a fluidizing gas to the mixing chamber of the gasifier; And a steam supply pipe for supplying high temperature steam to the mixing chamber of the gasifier.

In addition, the synthesis gas production method using the waste citrus of the present invention,

It has a double tube structure of inner and outer cylinders, and the inner cylinder is synthesized by using a high moisture waste citrus using a syngas generator including a dryer equipped with a screw feeder and a gasifier composed of a mixing chamber, a bubble cap dispersion plate, and a pyrolysis chamber. A gas producing method comprising: a drying step of supplying waste citrus containing a large amount of water to a dryer inner container and quantitatively moving the same, and transferring the combustion heat from the dryer outer container to dry the dried tangerine; A pelletizing step of condensing and discharging the dried citrus fruits dried to a porous plate to produce pellets; A pellet supplying step of supplying the pellets to a pyrolysis chamber of a gasifier; The high temperature fluidized gas and steam supplied to the mixing chamber are mixed and supplied to the pyrolysis chamber through the bubble cap dispersion plate, and the pyrolysis reaction is performed to discharge the synthesis gas containing the pyrolysis gasified oil component to the cyclone through the upper chamber to form a solid impurity. To remove the, and pyrolysis gasification is completed ash pyrolysis step of discharging to the outside through the pyrolysis discharge pipe; An oil receiving step of supplying a synthesis gas including an oil component from which the solid component is removed through the cyclone to a heat exchanger to condense the oil component by heat exchange to receive the bio oil; And synthesizing gas discharge step of transferring the syngas from which the oil component is removed to a place of use or a storage tank.

As described in detail above, the syngas production apparatus and production method using waste citrus of the present invention,

Synthetic gas is produced using waste citrus fruits containing up to 80% moisture, but it is pelletized by drastically lowering the water content through the dryer, and the pyrolysis and gasification are used to receive syngas and bio oil. Can be.

In particular, it is possible to provide a device capable of increasing the amount of syngas and oil generated by pyrolysis by reusing exhaust gas discharged after combustion in a drying furnace as a fluidizing gas of a gasifier or by adjusting the amount of steam supplied. It became.

1 is an open view of a syngas production apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a plan view showing a porous plate provided with a cutting blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 and 4 is a schematic view showing a syngas production apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
5 and 6 are block diagrams showing the synthesis gas production method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a graph analyzing the properties of oil components according to pyrolysis temperature.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only the contents and scope of technology of the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the present invention based on these examples.

As shown in Figure 1, the syngas production apparatus 10 of the present invention is an apparatus for receiving syngas and bio-oil components by pyrolysis gasification of waste citrus. The syngas production apparatus includes a dryer 20 for drying waste citrus containing high moisture, and a gasifier 30 for pyrolyzing and gasifying the dried citrus dried food dried in the dryer.

The dryer 20 allows drying by indirect heat while advancing the waste citrus fruits in one direction. The dryer may be formed in a rotary kiln type composed of an inner cylinder 21 through which waste citrus fruits are transported, and an outer cylinder 22 containing the inner cylinder and generating heat by combustion. The inner cylinder 21 is provided with a screw feeder or screw feeder 211 to quantitatively move the waste citrus introduced to one side end side of the inner cylinder to the discharge end side of the other end. In addition, the outer cylinder 22 may supply heat to the portion supplying heat to the inner cylinder, and one side of the outer cylinder communicates with a gas discharge pipe 24 for discharging the burned gas to the outside to burn the gas. To be discharged to the outside. The combustion forms a metal mesh close to the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder and supplies flammable gas to form a flame network in the metal mesh so that even heat is transferred to the inner cylinder, or a combustion part is formed only at an outlet portion of the inner cylinder to generate high heat. The high heat is blown to allow heat transfer to the inner conducting surface. In other heating methods, a heat transfer plate may be installed on an inner surface of the inner cylinder to allow drying to occur.

In addition, the dryer is installed by the porous plate 23 in the outlet to dry the condensed citrus dry dried conveyed into the porous plate to discharge in a cylindrical shape of a small diameter through the through hole 231 of the porous plate, the outer surface of the porous plate The cutting blade 232 may be rotated to be pelletized, such as cutting the dried material discharged into the through hole of the porous plate to a predetermined length. Here, the cutting blade 232 is located in the center of the perforated plate 23, as shown in Figure 2 to form a blade or a plurality of blades by supplying the rotational speed of the cutting blade and the screw feeder of the inner cylinder The speed can be adjusted to achieve the desired pellet length.

The gasifier 30 is a pyrolysis chamber 31 into which the waste citrus dry product dried in the dryer is introduced to pyrolysis gasification, and a mixing chamber installed under the pyrolysis chamber to introduce fluidized gas and steam from the outside and mix them ( 32) and a bubble cap dispersion plate 33 interposed between the pyrolysis chamber and the mixing chamber to supply the fluidization gas and steam introduced into the mixing chamber to the pyrolysis chamber.

The pyrolysis chamber 31 has an inlet formed at an upper side thereof, and receives a waste citrus dry matter or a pelletized waste sterilized dry matter dried from a dryer and stacks it therein. The preferred stacking thickness is sufficiently pyrolyzed by high temperature fluidizing gas and steam supplied to the middle portion of the pyrolysis chamber to supply the pyrolysis gas through the pyrolysis discharge pipe 311 formed on the lower side of the pyrolysis chamber. To be discharged. In other words, the heat transferred from the lower portion is to be moved to the upper portion so that the pyrolysis gasification is performed at the bottom of the stack, and the preheating is performed at the upper portion. In addition, when the bottom pyrolysis gasification is completed is discharged to the outside through the pyrolysis discharge pipe, the pellets of the waste sterilized dry material stacked on the upper portion is lowered to the bottom so that pyrolysis gasification is continuously performed. In addition to the above method, a catalyst may be further charged to the pyrolysis chamber to facilitate pyrolysis gasification.

The pyrolysis chamber 31 includes a small amount of oxygen in the fluidized gas, so that only a part of the combustion occurs in the stacked lower layer of the waste citrus dry, and pyrolysis gasification is performed using the combustion heat. Dry layers may be formed sequentially.

The mixing chamber 32 installed below the pyrolysis chamber has a fluidized gas supply pipe 70 and a steam supply pipe 80 connected to one side thereof so that fluidized gas and steam are supplied to the upper side through the bubble cap dispersion plate 33. It is supplied to the chamber, so that the fluidization gas and the steam is uniformly mixed in the supply process to facilitate the pyrolysis gasification reaction in the pyrolysis chamber. In addition, the fluidized gas supply pipe and the steam supply pipe may be installed to check the amount supplied by installing a flow meter to be adjustable.

The fluidizing gas supplied through the fluidizing gas supply pipe 70 may supply oxygen or nitrogen or a gas mixed with oxygen and nitrogen, and a heater may be installed on the flow path to increase the temperature of the supply gas.

The gas pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis chamber 31 of the gasifier 30 is supplied to the cyclone 40 through the pyrolysis chamber, and the gas component and the solid component are separated from the cyclone. The separated gas component is supplied to the heat exchanger 50 to agglomerate the oil components contained in the gas state while lowering the gas temperature, and then stored in the oil collector 51, and the synthesis gas, which is a gas from which the oil components have been removed, is a generated gas. Is discharged through the discharge pipe 60 is stored in the syngas storage tank or to be transferred to the use area, such as for power generation or heating.

Here, one end of the synthesis gas supply pipe 90 is communicatively installed in the product gas discharge pipe 60, and the other end of the synthesis gas supply pipe is communicatively installed in the outer cylinder 22 of the dryer through the product gas discharge pipe. A part of the synthesis gas from which the oil component discharged is removed may be used as the combustion gas of the dryer 20. At this time, the syngas supply pipe 90 may be provided with an intermittent valve to adjust the amount of syngas supplied.

In addition, the gas discharge pipe 24 installed in communication with the outer cylinder 22 of the dryer, as shown in Figure 4 is installed in communication with one end of the fluidization gas supply pipe 70 to discharge the exhaust gas discharged at a high temperature to the pyrolysis chamber of the gasifier. Can be resupplied. Since the exhaust gas to be resupply has a large amount of carbon dioxide, when it is supplied to the pyrolysis chamber of the gasifier, the pellets, which are waste citrus driers, are flowed, and at the same time, oxygen-free pyrolysis without oxygen is present during the pyrolysis reaction, thereby allowing It can also prevent combustion and increase the oil receipt.

In addition, the fluidization gas supply pipe 70, the gas discharge pipe 24 and the steam supply pipe 80 may be provided with a valve to adjust the supply amount to the mixing chamber 32, respectively.

5 and 6 are process diagrams showing a method for producing syngas using the syngas production apparatus of the present invention.

Waste tangerine containing a large amount of water is supplied to the inner cylinder of the dryer for quantitative movement, and a drying step is carried out to transfer the combustion heat from the outer cylinder of the dryer to perform drying.

A pelletization step of condensing and discharging the dried citrus dried product made into the porous plate is performed to produce pellets, and then a pellet supply step of supplying the pellets to a pyrolysis chamber of the gasifier is performed. The waste citrus dry matter may be supplied in the form of powder or granules by directly supplying the dried mass or performing a crushing step in addition to the pellet form described.

Next, the high temperature fluidization gas and steam supplied to the mixing chamber are mixed and supplied to the pyrolysis chamber through the bubble cap dispersion plate to perform pyrolysis and gasification reaction, and the synthesis gas containing the pyrolysis gasified oil component is added to the upper part of the chamber. It is discharged to the cyclone to remove the solid impurities, pyrolysis gas is completed ash pyrolysis step is discharged to the outer periphery through the pyrolysis discharge pipe.

In addition, the oil receiving step of receiving the bio-oil by condensing the oil component by heat exchange by supplying the synthesis gas containing the oil component from which the solid component is removed through the cyclone to the heat exchanger, and using the synthetic gas from which the oil component is removed Alternatively, the product synthesis gas discharge step of transferring to the reservoir is made.

In this process, by supplying a portion of the synthesis gas from which the oil component has been removed to the dryer by using the produced synthesis gas to be used as the combustion gas to the dryer combustion gas, the exhaust gas discharged after the combustion in the dryer The step of supplying the dryer exhaust gas re-supplied to the fluidizing gas of the gasifier may be supplied to the fluidizing gas of the gasifier.

Example 1 Waste Citrus Bio-oil

Table 1 shows the oil properties of waste citrus fruits using the syngas production apparatus of the present invention.

[Table 1]

The waste citrus dry matter of the present invention has a calorific value of 3,200-3,700 kcal / kg as shown in Table 1, and the amount of ash is present more than waste wood.

Common waste citrus samples have a water content of up to 80%, but it can be seen that the water content is reduced to 5-10wt% through dry pelletization.

In addition, the oil produced by the pyrolysis of the citrus waste samples are naringin (naringin), hesperidin (hesperidin), sinensentin (sinensentin), nobiletin (heptamethpxylflavone), tramethylmethyl scotellarein, hexa Flavonoids such as hexamethyl-o-quercetagetin, tangeretin, and the like are contained.

It is shown in Figure 7 by analyzing the properties of the oil component according to the thermal decomposition temperature. As described above, carbohydrates can be seen to be present at a constant rate regardless of temperature, and it can be seen that the furan component decreases with increasing temperature. In addition, it can be seen that at about 700 ° C., phenol is represented by the minimum ratio and nitrogen content is represented by the maximum ratio.

10: syngas generator
20: dryer
21: inner barrel 22: outer cylinder
23: perforated plate 24: gas discharge pipe
211: screw feeder 231: through hole
232: cutting blade
30: gasifier
31: pyrolysis chamber 32: mixing chamber
33: bubble cap dispersion plate 311: pyrolysis discharge pipe
40: cyclone
50: heat exchanger 51: oil collector
60: product gas discharge pipe
70: fluidized gas supply pipe
80: steam supply pipe
90: syngas supply pipe

Claims

In the apparatus for producing a synthesis gas by drying the waste citrus containing a large amount of water and then pyrolysis gas,
Combustion heat consists of an inner cylinder 21 for conveying and discharging the waste citrus fruits of the high moisture supplied by the screw feeder 211 to one side, and an outer cylinder 22 containing the inner cylinder and transferring heat to the inner cylinder by combustion. Rotary kiln type dryer 20 for drying waste citrus; A gas discharge pipe 24 for discharging the burnt gas of the outer cylinder to the outside; The pyrolysis chamber 31 into which the waste citrus dried product dried in the dryer is introduced to pyrolyze gasification, and a mixing chamber 32 installed below the pyrolysis chamber to introduce fluidized gas and steam from the outside, and mixing the pyrolysis chamber. And a gasifier 30 interposed between the mixing chamber and the bubble cap dispersing plate 33 integrally supplying the fluidization gas and steam of the mixing chamber to the pyrolysis chamber; A cyclone (40) communicating with an upper portion of the pyrolysis chamber of the gasifier to receive a pyrolysis gasified gas to separate a gas-solid component; A heat exchanger (50) for cooling the gas separated by the cyclone to separate the oil component from the synthesis gas and to store the oil component in the oil collector (51); A product gas discharge pipe 60 for discharging the syngas separated from the oil component; A fluidizing gas supply pipe (70) for supplying a fluidizing gas to the mixing chamber of the gasifier; And a steam supply pipe (80) for supplying high temperature steam to the mixing chamber of the gasifier.
The gas discharge pipe (24) is connected to the fluidized gas supply pipe (70) connected to the syngas production apparatus, characterized in that for supplying the hot exhaust gas discharged from the dryer to the pyrolysis chamber.

The method of claim 1,
By installing a porous plate 23 at the outlet of the inner cylinder 21 of the dryer, the waste citrus with low moisture content is consolidated into the through hole 231 of the porous plate, and a cutting blade 232 is installed on the outer surface of the porous plate. Synthesis gas production apparatus characterized in that the compacted waste citrus was formed into pellets.

The method of claim 1,
One end of the synthesis gas supply pipe 90 is installed in the dryer outer cylinder 22, and the other end of the synthesis gas supply pipe is installed in communication with the product gas discharge pipe 60 to discharge a part of the synthesis gas discharged into the product gas discharge pipe as a dryer. Syngas production apparatus characterized in that the supply of syngas combustion.

The method of claim 1,
The fluidizing gas supplied to the fluidizing gas supply pipe (70) is a synthesis gas production apparatus, characterized in that the oxygen or nitrogen or a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen.

delete

It has a double tube structure of inner and outer cylinders, and the inner cylinder is synthesized by using a high moisture waste citrus using a syngas generator including a dryer equipped with a screw feeder and a gasifier composed of a mixing chamber, a bubble cap dispersion plate, and a pyrolysis chamber. In the method of producing gas,
A drying step of supplying waste citrus fruits containing a large amount of water to the dryer inner container and quantitatively moving the same, and transferring the combustion heat from the dryer outer cylinder to carry out the drying process;
A pelletizing step of condensing and discharging the dried citrus fruits dried to a porous plate to generate pellets;
A pellet supplying step of supplying the pellets to a pyrolysis chamber of a gasifier;
The high temperature fluidized gas and steam supplied to the mixing chamber are mixed and supplied to the pyrolysis chamber through the bubble cap dispersion plate, and the pyrolysis reaction is performed to discharge the synthesis gas containing the pyrolysis gasified oil component to the cyclone through the upper chamber to form a solid impurity. To remove the, and pyrolysis gasification is completed ash pyrolysis step of discharging to the outside through the pyrolysis discharge pipe;
An oil receiving step of supplying a synthesis gas including an oil component from which the solid component is removed through the cyclone to a heat exchanger to condense the oil component by heat exchange to receive the bio oil;
It comprises a; generating synthetic gas discharge step of transferring the synthesis gas from which the oil component is removed to the use or storage tank;
And supplying the dryer exhaust gas, which is supplied after the combustion in the dryer to the fluidizing gas of the gasifier, to the fluidizing gas of the gasifier.

The method according to claim 6,
And supplying the generated syngas, which is used as the combustion gas, by supplying a part of the syngas from which the oil component has been removed to the dryer, to the dryer combustion gas.

delete