KR101246436B1 - Prediction method for product measuring of pig iron - Google Patents

Prediction method for product measuring of pig iron Download PDF

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KR101246436B1
KR101246436B1 KR1020110098219A KR20110098219A KR101246436B1 KR 101246436 B1 KR101246436 B1 KR 101246436B1 KR 1020110098219 A KR1020110098219 A KR 1020110098219A KR 20110098219 A KR20110098219 A KR 20110098219A KR 101246436 B1 KR101246436 B1 KR 101246436B1
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molten iron
amount
blast furnace
blowing
oxygen enrichment
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KR1020110098219A
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Korean (ko)
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김태민
이은호
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현대제철 주식회사
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/24Test rods or other checking devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0006Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for predicting an output of molten iron of a furnace is provided to accurately design a blowing condition according to the output, thereby improving stability of a furnace work change according to change of a target output. CONSTITUTION: A method for predicting an output of molten iron of a furnace comprises; a step(100) for deducting output factors measuring oxygen enrichment in blowing and a blast volume to a furnace; and a step(200) for calculating an output of molten iron by using the measured blast volume and the oxygen enrichment. [Reference numerals] (110) Measuring blast volume and oxygen enrichment; (120) Selecting a gas use rate; (200) Calculating the output of molten iron

Description

고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법{Prediction Method for Product Measuring of Pig Iron}Prediction Method for Product Measuring of Pig Iron

본 발명은 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법에 관한 것으로, 더 상세하게는 송풍량과 산소 부화량을 이용하여 용선의 생산량을 예측하는 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for predicting the molten iron production of the blast furnace, and more particularly, to a method for predicting the molten iron production of the blast furnace using the blowing amount and the oxygen enrichment amount.

일반적으로 고로는 연료인 코크스와 철광석을 반복 장입하면서 풍구를 통해 열풍을 불어넣어 장입된 철광석을 녹여 용선을 생산하는 설비이다.In general, the blast furnace is a facility for producing molten iron by melting the charged iron ore by blowing hot air through the wind hole while repeatedly charging the fuel coke and iron ore.

고로는 풍구를 통해 미분탄 뿐 아니라 열풍이 고로 내부로 공급되고, 가스의 흐름이 제어된다.The blast furnace supplies not only pulverized coal but also hot air into the blast furnace, and the flow of gas is controlled.

관련 선행 기술로는 국내 특허 공개 10-1999-0002212호가 있다.Related prior arts include Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1999-0002212.

본 발명의 목적은 고로의 목표 생산량 관리가 용이하여 고로 조업 시 안정성을 향상시키는 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법을 제공하는데 있다.An object of the present invention is to provide a method for predicting the molten iron production of the blast furnace to improve the stability of the blast furnace operation to facilitate the management of the target production of the blast furnace.

이러한 본 발명의 과제는 고로 내로 송풍되는 송풍량과, 송풍 시 산소 부화량을 측정하는 생산량 인자 도출 단계와;The object of the present invention is the amount of air blown into the blast furnace and the production factor deriving step of measuring the amount of oxygen enrichment during the blowing;

상기 생산량 인자 도출 단계로 측정된 송풍량과 산소 부화량을 이용하여 용선의 생산량을 계산하는 생산량 계산 단계를 포함한 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법을 제공함으로써 해결된다.It is solved by providing a method for predicting the molten iron production of the blast furnace, including a yield calculation step of calculating the yield of the molten iron using the blowing amount and the oxygen enrichment measured in the yield factor deriving step.

본 발명에 따른 상기 생산량 인자 도출 단계는, 고로 내로 송풍되는 분당 송풍량(Nm3/min)과, 시간당 송풍관에 추가로 투입되는 산소 부화량(Nm3/hr)을 측정하는 인자 측정 과정; 및 모델링된 가스 이용률 데이터 중 원료 및 연료 장입 조건에 맞는 가스 이용률 값을 선택하는 인자 값 선택 과정을 포함한다.The production factor deriving step according to the present invention includes a factor measuring process for measuring the amount of air blowing per minute (Nm 3 / min) and the amount of oxygen enrichment (Nm 3 / hr) additionally added to the air per hour blast blast; And a factor value selection process for selecting a gas utilization value suitable for raw material and fuel charging conditions among the modeled gas utilization data.

본 발명에 따른 상기 생산량 계산 단계는 수학식 Qs= 1.24358×BV + 0.07789×En O2 + 148.14534×ηCO - 6442.18788을 이용하여 용선의 예측 생산량을 계산한다.(여기서, Qs 용선 예측 생산량(ton/day), BV는 송풍량(Nm3/min), En O2는 산소 부화량(Nm3/hr), ηCO는 CO가스 이용률(%)이다.)The output calculation step according to the present invention Equation Q s = 1.24358 × BV + 0.07789 × En O 2 + 148.14534 × ηCO - using 6442.18788 calculates a predicted production of hot metal (here, Q s is. Melt prediction production (ton / day), BV is blowing air volume (Nm 3 / min), En O 2 is oxygen enrichment (Nm 3 / hr), ηCO is CO gas utilization (%).)

본 발명에 따른 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법은 고로 조업 시 목표 생산량 변경에 따른 송풍 조건을 정확하게 설계할 수 있어 송풍 조건과 관련된 조업 지수의 변화 영향도 예측이 가능한 효과가 있다.The method of predicting the molten iron production of the blast furnace according to the present invention can accurately design the blowing conditions according to the change in the target production during the operation of the blast furnace has an effect that can predict the impact of the change in the operation index related to the blowing conditions.

본 발명에 따른 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법은 생산량에 따른 송풍 조건을 정확하게 설계하여 용선의 목표 생산량 변화에 따른 고로 조업 변화의 안정성을 향상시키고, 목표 생산량을 효율적으로 달성할 수 있게 하는 효과가 있다.The method of predicting the molten iron production of the blast furnace according to the present invention has an effect of accurately designing the blowing conditions according to the output to improve the stability of the blast furnace operation change according to the change of the target production of the molten iron and to achieve the target yield efficiently.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법을 도시한 블록도
도 2는 송풍량과 가스 이용률이 지정된 상태에서 산소 부화량에 따른 용선의 실제 조업 생산량을 도시한 그래프
도 3은 산소 부화량과 가스 이용률이 지정된 상태에서 송풍량에 따른 용선의 실제 조업 생산량을 도시한 그래프
도 4는 송풍량과 산소 부화량 범위가 지정된 상태에서 가스 이용률에 따른 용선의 실제 조업 생산량을 도시한 그래프
도 5는 본 발명인 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법에서 산소 부화량이 고정된 상태에서 가스 이용률 및 송풍량 변화에 따른 용선 생산량을 도시한 그래프
도 6은 본 발명인 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법에서 가스 이용률이 고정된 상태에서 산소 부화량 및 산소 부화량 변화에 따른 용선 생산량을 나타낸 그래프
도 7은 본 발명인 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법에서 가스 이용률이 고정된 상태에서 산소 부화량 및 산소 부화량 변화에 따른 출선비와의 관계를 나타낸 그래프
도 8은 본 발명인 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법으로 예측된 용선 생산량과 실제 고로 조업 시 용선 생산량을 비교한 그래프
1 is a block diagram showing a method for predicting the molten iron production of the blast furnace according to the present invention
Figure 2 is a graph showing the actual production of molten iron according to the amount of oxygen enrichment in the air flow rate and the gas utilization rate specified
3 is a graph showing the actual operating production of the molten iron according to the blowing amount in the state in which the oxygen enrichment amount and the gas utilization rate is specified
4 is a graph showing the actual operating yield of the molten iron according to the gas utilization rate in the state of blowing amount and oxygen enrichment range
5 is a graph showing the molten iron production amount according to the gas utilization rate and the air flow change in the state that the oxygen enrichment is fixed in the molten iron production yield prediction method of the present invention
6 is a graph showing the molten iron production amount according to the oxygen enrichment amount and the oxygen enrichment amount in the gas utilization rate fixed state in the present invention method
7 is a graph showing the relationship between the oxygen enrichment amount and the run-out ratio according to the change in the oxygen enrichment amount in a fixed gas utilization rate in the present invention method of molten iron production of blast furnace
8 is a graph comparing the amount of molten iron produced in the blast furnace operation and the amount of molten iron produced in the actual blast furnace operation

본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예를 첨부된 도면에 의하여 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1을 참고하면, 본 발명에 따른 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법은 고로 내로 송풍되는 송풍량과, 송풍 시 산소 부화량을 측정하는 생산량 인자 도출 단계(100)를 포함한다.Referring to Figure 1, the molten iron production amount prediction method according to the present invention includes a step of deriving the amount of blowing air blown into the blast furnace, and the production factor for measuring the amount of oxygen enrichment during the blowing.

본 발명은 고로 내로 송풍되는 분당 송풍량(Nm3/min)과, 시간당 송풍관에 추가로 투입되는 산소 부화량(Nm3/hr)을 측정하는 인자 측정 과정(110);The present invention includes a factor measuring process 110 for measuring the amount of air blowing per minute (Nm 3 / min) and the amount of oxygen enrichment (Nm 3 / hr) that is additionally added to the air blower per hour to the blast furnace;

모델링된 가스 이용률 데이터 중 원료 및 연료 장입 조건에 맞는 가스 이용률 값을 선택하는 인자값 선택 과정(120)을 포함한다.A factor value selection process 120 for selecting a gas utilization value suitable for the raw material and fuel charging conditions among the modeled gas utilization data is included.

고로 내 원료 및 연료 장입 조건에 따라 상기 가스 이용률은 노정부에 구비된 가스 성분 측정기에서 측정된 값을 측정하여 모델링된 것으로 CO가스의 이용률이다.The gas utilization rate is modeled by measuring a value measured by a gas component measuring device provided in a furnace according to raw materials and fuel charging conditions in a blast furnace.

고로 내 투입되는 원료는 철광석 또는 소결광이며, 연료는 코크스이며, 상기 장입 조건은 장입 시 선회 슈트에 의해 장입되는 원료 및 연료의 양, 고로 내 장입된 원료와 연료의 층후비(연료층과 코크스 층의 두께 비)가 있다.The raw material introduced into the blast furnace is iron ore or sintered ore, the fuel is coke, and the charging conditions are the amount of raw materials and fuel charged by the turning chute at the time of charging, the layer ratio of the raw materials and fuel charged into the blast furnace (fuel layer and coke layer) Thickness ratio).

상기 가스 이용률은 상기 장입 조건 즉, 장입되는 원료 및 연료의 양, 고로 내 장입된 원료와 연료의 층후비에 따라 변화된다.The gas utilization rate is changed depending on the charging conditions, that is, the amount of raw materials and fuel charged, and the layer ratio of the raw materials and fuel loaded in the blast furnace.

상기 가스 이용률(ηCO)은 노정부에 구비된 가스 성분 측정기에서 측정된 값을 통해 상기 수학식 1에 의해 계산된다.
The gas utilization rate ηCO is calculated by Equation 1 through a value measured by a gas component measuring device provided in the furnace.

[수학식 1][Equation 1]

Figure 112011075733797-pat00001
Figure 112011075733797-pat00001

ηCO : CO가스 이용률ηCO: CO gas utilization

CO2 :CO2 가스의 %CO 2 :% of CO 2 gas

CO : CO 가스의 %
CO:% of CO gas

상기 가스 이용률 모델링 데이터는 상기 장입 조건에 따라 상기 수학식1에 의해 계산된 가스 이용률의 변화 값을 모델링한 것이다.The gas utilization modeling data is a model of a change value of the gas utilization calculated by Equation 1 according to the charging condition.

본 발명은 상기 생산량 인자 도출 단계(100)에서 분당 송풍량(Nm3/min)과, 시간당 송풍관에 추가로 투입되는 산소 부화량(Nm3/hr) 및 상기 장입 조건에 따른 가스 이용률 값을 선택하고, 이를 이용하여 생산량 계산 단계(200)에서 용선의 생산량을 계산한다.The present invention selects the amount of air blown per minute (Nm 3 / min) and the amount of oxygen enrichment (Nm 3 / hr) to be added to the air blower per hour in the production factor derivation step 100 and the gas utilization value according to the charging conditions In this case, the yield of the molten iron is calculated in the yield calculation step 200.

상기 생산량 계산 단계(200)는 상기의 수학식 2에 의해 계산된다.
The yield calculation step 200 is calculated by the above equation (2).

[수학식 2] &Quot; (2) "

Qs= 1.24358×BV + 0.07789×En O2 + 148.14534×ηCO - 6442.18788
Q s = 1.24358 × BV + 0.07789 × En O 2 + 148.14534 × ηCO-6442.18788

Qs : 용선 예측 생산량(ton/day)Q s : Chartered yield (ton / day)

BV : 송풍량(Nm3/min)BV: Blowing air volume (Nm 3 / min)

En O2 :산소 부화량(Nm3/hr)En O 2 : Oxygen Enrichment (Nm 3 / hr)

ηCO : CO가스 이용률(%)
ηCO: CO gas utilization rate (%)

상기 수학식2은 5000m3 이상의 내용적을 가지는 대형 고로에서 적용될 수 있으며, 5250m3 내용적을 가지는 대형 고로에 적용되는 것이 바람직하다.Equation 2 may be applied to a large blast furnace having a content of 5000m 3 or more, it is preferable to be applied to a large blast furnace having a content of 5250m 3 .

상기 수학식 2는 5000m3 이상의 내용적을 가지는 대형 고로에 대해서 송풍량과, 산소 부화량에 대한 생산량의 영향도를 조업 실적 데이터에서 송풍 조건 이외 다른 인자의 영향도가 없는 조업 기간을 선정하여 송풍량과 산소 부화량에 대한 단상관 분석 작업을 하여 정량화함으로써 도출된 값이다.
Equation (2) shows the influence of the blowing amount and the production amount on the oxygen incubation amount for the large blast furnace having a volume of 5000m 3 or more by selecting the operation period without the influence of other factors other than the blowing condition in the operation performance data, the blowing amount and oxygen This value is derived from the quantification of single correlative analysis of hatching amount.

일 예로, 5250m3 내용적을 가지는 고로에서 송풍량(BV)의 범위가 6780 ~ 6800(Nm3/min)이고, 가스 이용률의 범위가 47.5 ~ 49.5%일 때, 산소 부화량에 따른 용선의 실제 조업 생산량을 도시한 그래프를 도 2에서 나타내고 있다.
For example, when the air flow volume (BV) is 6780 to 6800 (Nm 3 / min) and the gas utilization range is 47.5 to 49.5% in a blast furnace having a 5250m 3 capacity, the actual operating production of the molten iron according to the oxygen enrichment amount The graph which shows is shown in FIG.

또, 5250m3 내용적을 가지는 고로에서 산소 부화량의 범위가 27500~29500(Nm3/hr)이고, 가스 이용률의 범위가 46.5 ~ 47.5%일 때, 송풍량에 따른 용선의 실제 조업 생산량을 도시한 그래프를 도 3에서 나타내고 있다.
In addition, a graph showing the actual operating yield of the molten iron according to the blowing amount when the oxygen enrichment range is 27500 to 29500 (Nm 3 / hr) and the gas utilization range is 46.5 to 47.5% in a blast furnace having a 5250m 3 capacity. Is shown in FIG. 3.

또, 5250m3 내용적을 가지는 고로에서 송풍량의 범위가 7050 ~ 7150(Nm3/min)이고, 산소 부화량의 범위가 28000~30000(Nm3/hr)일 때, 가스 이용률에 따른 용선의 실제 조업 생산량을 도시한 그래프를 도 4에서 나타내고 있다.
In addition, 5250m 3 information when in the blast furnace has smaller range of blowing air volume 7050 ~ 7150 (Nm 3 / min ) , and the range of the oxygen-enriched amount of 28000 ~ 30000 (Nm 3 / hr ), actual operation of the molten iron in accordance with the gas utilization A graph showing the yield is shown in FIG. 4.

즉, 상기 수학식2는 도 2 내지 도 4에서 도시한 바와 같이 5000m3 이상의 내용적을 가지는 대형 고로에 대해서 송풍량, 산소 부화량, 가스 이용률에 대한 실제 고로 조업 데이터를 이용하여 단상관 분석 작업을 하여 정량화함으로써 도출된 값이다.
That is, Equation 2 is a single-correlation analysis operation using the actual blast furnace operation data for the air flow rate, oxygen enrichment amount, gas utilization rate for a large blast furnace having a volume of 5000m 3 or more, as shown in Figures 2 to 4 Value derived by quantification.

한편, 도 5 내지 도 7은 본 발명인 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법으로 용선의 생산량을 예측한 그래프이다.On the other hand, Figures 5 to 7 is a graph predicting the production amount of the molten iron in the molten iron production amount prediction method of the present invention.

도 5는 산소 부화량의 범위가 28000(Nm3/hr)이고, 가스 이용률이 45%, 47%, 49%인 경우 본 발명인 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법을 이용하여 송풍량의 변화에 따른 용선 생산량의 예측치를 도시한 그래프이다.
5 is a range of 28,000 (Nm 3 / hr) of oxygen enrichment amount and 45%, 47%, and 49% gas utilization rate of molten iron production amount according to the change of air flow rate using the molten iron production forecasting method of blast furnace of the present invention. It is a graph showing the prediction value.

도 6은 가스 이용률이 47%일 때, 본 발명인 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법을 이용하여 송풍량과 산소 부화량에 변화에 따른 용선량의 예측치를 도시한 그래프이다.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing an estimated value of the molten iron according to the change in the blowing amount and the oxygen enrichment using the molten iron production forecasting method of the present invention when the gas utilization rate is 47%.

도 7은 가스 이용률이 47%일 때, 본 발명인 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법을 이용하여 산소 부화량과 송풍량 변화에 따른 출선비와의 상관 관계를 나타낸 그래프이다.FIG. 7 is a graph showing the correlation between the oxygen enrichment amount and the run-out ratio according to the change in air flow rate using the molten iron production forecasting method of the present invention when the gas utilization rate is 47%.

도 7에서와 같이 목표 출선비가 정해지면 송풍량에 따라 산소 부화량을 조절하여 목표 출선비를 맞출 수 있고, 산소 부화량에 따라 송풍량을 조절하여 목표 출선비를 맞출 수 있는 것이다.
As shown in FIG. 7, when the target tapping ratio is determined, the target tapping ratio may be adjusted by adjusting the oxygen incubation amount according to the blowing amount, and the target tapping ratio may be adjusted by adjusting the blowing amount according to the oxygen incubation amount.

도 8은 본 발명인 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법으로 예측된 용선 생산량과 실제 고로 조업 시 용선 생산량을 비교한 그래프로서, 본 발명의 상기 수학식 2로 예측되는 용선 생산량 예측치의 정확도를 확인할 수 있다.
8 is a graph comparing the molten iron production amount predicted by the present inventors molten iron production method and the actual molten iron production in the operation of the blast furnace, it is possible to confirm the accuracy of the molten iron production predicted by the equation (2) of the present invention.

본 발명에 따른 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법은 고로 조업 시 목표 생산량 변경에 따른 송풍 조건을 정확하게 설계할 수 있어 송풍 조건과 관련된 조업 지수의 변화 영향도 예측이 가능하다.In the method of predicting the molten iron production of the blast furnace according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately design the blowing conditions according to the target production change during the blast furnace operation, and thus it is possible to predict the influence of changes in the operation index related to the blowing conditions.

또한, 본 발명에 따른 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법은 생산량에 따른 송풍 조건을 정확하게 설계하여 용선의 목표 생산량 변화에 따른 고로 조업 변화의 안정성을 향상시키고, 목표 생산량을 효율적으로 달성할 수 있다.
In addition, the method of predicting the molten iron production of the blast furnace according to the present invention can accurately design the blowing conditions according to the production yield to improve the stability of the blast furnace operation changes in accordance with the change in the target production of the molten iron, and can efficiently achieve the target yield.

본 발명은 상기한 실시 예에 한정되는 것이 아니라, 본 발명의 요지에 벗어나지 않는 범위에서 다양하게 변경하여 실시할 수 있으며 이는 본 발명의 구성에 포함됨을 밝혀둔다.The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, which is understood to be included in the configuration of the present invention.

100 : 생산량 인자 도출 단계 110 : 인자 측정 과정
120 : 인자 값 선택 과정 200 : 생산량 계산 단계
100: output factor derivation step 110: factor measurement process
120: parameter value selection process 200: yield calculation step

Claims (3)

고로 내로 송풍되는 송풍량과, 송풍 시 산소 부화량을 측정하는 생산량 인자 도출 단계와;
상기 생산량 인자 도출 단계로 측정된 송풍량과 산소 부화량을 이용하여 용선의 생산량을 계산하는 생산량 계산 단계를 포함한 것을 특징으로 하는 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법.
A production factor deriving step of measuring the amount of air blown into the blast furnace and the amount of oxygen enrichment during the blowing;
And a yield calculation step of calculating the yield of the molten iron using the blowing amount and the oxygen enrichment measured in the yield factor deriving step.
청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 생산량 인자 도출 단계는,
고로 내로 송풍되는 분당 송풍량(Nm3/min)과, 시간당 송풍관에 추가로 투입되는 산소 부화량(Nm3/hr)을 측정하는 인자 측정 과정; 및
모델링된 가스 이용률 데이터 중 원료 및 연료 장입 조건에 맞는 가스 이용률 값을 선택하는 인자 값 선택 과정을 포함한 것을 특징으로 하는 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법.
The method according to claim 1,
The yield factor derivation step,
A factor measuring process of measuring the amount of blowing air per minute (Nm 3 / min) blown into the blast furnace and the amount of oxygen enrichment (Nm 3 / hr) additionally added to the air blowing tube per hour; And
A method of predicting the molten iron production of the blast furnace, comprising a factor value selection process for selecting a gas utilization value suitable for raw material and fuel charging conditions among the modeled gas utilization data.
청구항 2에 있어서,
상기 생산량 계산 단계는 수학식 Qs= 1.24358×BV + 0.07789×En O2 + 148.14534×ηCO - 6442.18788을 이용하여 용선의 예측 생산량을 계산하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고로의 용선 생산량 예측 방법
(여기서, Qs 용선 예측 생산량(ton/day), BV는 송풍량(Nm3/min), En O2는 산소 부화량(Nm3/hr), ηCO는 CO가스 이용률(%)이다.)
The method according to claim 2,
The yield calculation step is a method of predicting the molten iron production of the blast furnace, characterized in that to calculate the predicted yield of the molten iron using the equation Q s = 1.24358 × BV + 0.07789 × En O 2 + 148.14534 × ηCO-6442.18788
Where Q s is Melt prediction production (ton / day), BV is blowing air volume (Nm 3 / min), En O 2 is oxygen enrichment (Nm 3 / hr), ηCO is CO gas utilization (%).)
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KR101848183B1 (en) * 2016-12-27 2018-04-11 현대제철 주식회사 Method for predicting of gas using ratio in blast furnace
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US7219374B2 (en) 2002-02-19 2007-05-22 Yupoong, Inc. Visor
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