KR101242568B1 - Block composer using bottom ash and phospho-gypsum - Google Patents
Block composer using bottom ash and phospho-gypsum Download PDFInfo
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- KR101242568B1 KR101242568B1 KR20120129082A KR20120129082A KR101242568B1 KR 101242568 B1 KR101242568 B1 KR 101242568B1 KR 20120129082 A KR20120129082 A KR 20120129082A KR 20120129082 A KR20120129082 A KR 20120129082A KR 101242568 B1 KR101242568 B1 KR 101242568B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
- B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
- B28C7/0404—Proportioning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/141—Slags
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/06—Oxides, Hydroxides
- C04B22/062—Oxides, Hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals
- C04B22/064—Oxides, Hydroxides of the alkali or alkaline-earth metals of the alkaline-earth metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
- C04B22/14—Acids or salts thereof containing sulfur in the anion, e.g. sulfides
- C04B22/142—Sulfates
- C04B22/143—Calcium-sulfate
- C04B22/144—Phosphogypsum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0068—Ingredients with a function or property not provided for elsewhere in C04B2103/00
- C04B2103/0088—Compounds chosen for their latent hydraulic characteristics, e.g. pozzuolanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
Description
본원은 산업용 부산물인 바텀애쉬(화력발전소 석탄재)와 인산석고를 재활용하여 일정 강도를 확보하여 육상 또는 해상용으로 사용되는 블록 조성물에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a block composition that is used for land or sea by securing a certain strength by recycling bottom ash (coal ash of thermal power plant) and phosphate gypsum as industrial by-products.
대부분의 화력발전소에서 석탄이 연소될 때 괴상 또는 입자 크기가 큰 회 성분이 보일러 하부로 떨어진 것을 바텀애쉬(bottom ash)라고 하는바, 바텀애쉬는 석탄재 발생량의 약 20~40% 정도를 차지하는 물질로서 국내 화력발전소에서 발생되는 석탄재의 총량이 약 연간 600 만톤 정도이므로 약 80만~240 만톤 정도가 산업폐기물로 발생되고 있다.In most coal-fired power plants, when ash is burned, massive ash or large particle size falls to the bottom of the boiler, called bottom ash. Bottom ash accounts for about 20 to 40% of coal ash. Since the total amount of coal ash generated by domestic thermal power plants is about 6 million tons per year, about 800,000 to 2.4 million tons are generated as industrial waste.
석탄재 발생량 중 약 60~80% 정도를 차지하는 플라이애쉬는 콘크리트용 혼화재나 시멘트 2차 제품의 원료 등으로 활발히 재활용되고 있으나, 그에 비해 바텀애쉬는 아직까지는 활발히 재활용되지 못하고 있는 실정에 있다.Fly ash, which accounts for about 60 ~ 80% of coal ash, is actively recycled as a raw material for concrete admixtures or cement secondary products, but bottom ash has not been actively recycled yet.
또한 본원에서 연약지반 보강용 원료로 사용하고자 하는 인산석고는 국내 비료공장에서 인산제조 시 발생되는 인산석고(Phosphogypsum, PG)가 년간 약 200만톤씩 배출되고 있는데 현재 시멘트, 타일 등의 제조 원료로 부분적으로 사용되는 것을 제외하고 약 50%가 미활용되고 있는 실정에 있으며 대부분을 야적장에 적치하는데 석고 적치장에 약 3,000 만톤에 이르고 보관장소가 협소하여 이미 포화상태에 이르고 있다.In addition, the phosphate gypsum to be used as a raw material for reinforcing soft ground is discharged about 2 million tons of phosphate (Phosphogypsum, PG) generated during phosphate production at domestic fertilizer plants. About 50% of them are not used, except most of them are used in the yard. Most of them are stored in the yard, which is about 30 million tons in the gypsum stockyard.
본원은 상기와 같은 산업용 부산물인 바텀애쉬와 인산석고를 유용한 자원으로 재활용하여 육상 또는 해상용으로 사용되는 블록을 만들 경우 바텀애쉬와 인산석고가 적정한 비율로 혼합되어 잠재수경성이나 포졸란 반응에 의하여 에트린자이트(석회설포알루미네이트)의 생성을 활성화하여 신속한 고화와 일정범위 강도를 확보하는 블록으로의 제공가능성을 찾고자 하였다.The present invention recycles bottom ash and phosphate, which are industrial by-products, as useful resources to make blocks used for land or sea, and bottom ash and phosphate are mixed in an appropriate ratio. This study aimed to find the possibility of providing a block to the block which secured rapid solidification and a certain range of strength by activating the production of ziite (lime sulfoaluminate).
본원은 산업용 부산물인 바텀애쉬와 인산석고가 갖는 고유의 특성을 살려서 산업상 유용한 자원으로 재활용하기 위한 수단으로 바텀애쉬와 인산석고의 잠재수경성이나 포졸란 반응을 유도하여 고로슬래그를 추가하여 에트린자이트(석회설포알루미네이트)의 생성을 활성화하하고 포졸란과 시멘트 고화제를 추가하여 일정 범위의 강도를 확보하는 블록으로 제공하고자 하는 발명이다. This company utilizes intrinsic properties of bottom ash and phosphate, which are industrial by-products, and recycles them as useful resources for industry.In addition, blast furnace slag is added to induce latent hydrophobic or pozzolanic reactions of bottom ash and phosphate. The invention is intended to serve as a block for activating the production of (lime sulfoaluminate) and adding a pozzolan and cement hardener to secure a range of strengths.
그동안 산업용 부산물인 바텀애쉬를 이용하여 블록제품을 제공하고자 하는 선행기술을 살펴보면, 등록특허 제 1066194호에는 바텀애시 보수성 블록 제조방법으로 바텀애쉬 100중량부에 대하여 결합재 5 ∼ 30중량부를 혼합하되, 상기 결합재 100중량부에 대하여 식물성혼화제 1 ∼ 10중량부의 비율로 혼합한 바텀애시 혼합물을 블록으로 성형 후 양생 된 바텀애시 블록을 제공할 때 상기 결합재 100중량부에 대하여 강도증진재 1 ∼ 20중량부가 더 첨가되어서 바텀애쉬 블록제품을 얻는 기술이 제시되어 있다.Looking at the prior art to provide a block product using the bottom ash as an industrial by-product, Patent No. 1066194, mixing 5 to 30 parts by weight of the binder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the bottom ash in the bottom ash conservative block manufacturing method, When providing a bottom ash block cured after molding the bottom ash mixture mixed in a ratio of 1 to 10 parts by weight of the vegetable admixture with respect to 100 parts by weight of the binder, 1 to 20 parts by weight of the strength enhancer is further added to 100 parts by weight of the binder. Techniques for adding bottom ash block products have been proposed.
또 다른 등록특허 제 0945979호에서는 논두렁 구축용 블록 제조방법으로, 흙 100중량부에 대하여 파우더 70∼80중량부, 모래 80∼95중량부, 골재 350∼450중량부, 안료 1.0∼2중량부, 유동화제(액상) 0.1∼0.2중량부, 중성화방지제(액상) 0.05∼0.5 중량부, 물 30∼40중량부로 이루어지고, 증기 양생되어 이루어지는 논두렁 구축용 블록에서, 상기 파우더는 슬래그 미분말 25∼34wt%, 플라이애시 또는 바텀애시 10∼19wt%, 보통포틀랜드 시멘트 또는 백색포틀랜드 시멘트 35∼44wt%, 팽창재 10∼19wt%, CSA 5∼14wt%, 메타카올린 5∼10wt%, 증점제 1∼5wt%를 포함하여 이루어져서 논두렁 구축용 블록이 제공되는 기술사상이 개시되어 있다. In another patent No. 0945979, a block manufacturing method for paddy field construction, 70 to 80 parts by weight of powder, 80 to 95 parts by weight of sand, 350 to 450 parts by weight of aggregate, 1.0 to 2 parts by weight of pigment, based on 100 parts by weight of soil, In a block for constructing a rice field which consists of 0.1 to 0.2 parts by weight of a fluidizing agent (liquid), 0.05 to 0.5 parts by weight of an anti-neutralizing agent (liquid), and 30 to 40 parts by weight of water, and is steam cured, the powder is 25 to 34 wt% of fine slag powder. 10 to 19 wt% of fly ash or bottom ash, 35 to 44 wt% of ordinary portland cement or white portland cement, 10 to 19 wt% of expanding material, 5 to 14 wt% of CSA, 5 to 10 wt% of metakaolin, 1 to 5 wt% of thickener The technical idea is disclosed that a block for constructing paddy field is provided.
또한 산업용 부산물인 인산석고를 재활용하여 블록을 제공하고자 하는 기술은 찾을 수 없으나 포장용 도로 에 이용하고자 하는 기술로 개발된 공개특허 2002년 제96785호에서는 인산비료 제조공정에서 발생하는 인산석고를 이용한 인공골재를 얻기 위한 수단으로, 인산석고 50∼80 중량%, 석탄회 5∼15 중량%, 슬래그 10∼45 중량%, 시멘트 5 중량%, 경화제를 소량으로 혼합하고 물고형분비 20∼30%의 범위로 습식혼합한 후 직경 5∼40 mm의 입자로 성형하여 제조한 인공골재를 얻기 위한 방법에 제시되어 있다.In addition, there is no technology to provide blocks by recycling phosphate gypsum, which is an industrial by-product, but in Publication No. 2002, No. 96785, which was developed as a technology to be used for pavement roads, artificial aggregate using phosphate gypsum generated in the manufacturing process As a means for obtaining, 50 to 80% by weight of gypsum phosphate, 5 to 15% by weight of ash, 10 to 45% by weight of slag, 5% by weight of cement, a small amount of the curing agent is mixed and wetted in the range of 20 to 30% of water solid content. It is presented in a method for obtaining an artificial aggregate prepared by mixing the particles having a diameter of 5 to 40 mm after mixing.
또한 공개특허 2009년 제83971호에서는 고로슬래그 미분말에 인산석고 및 bypass dust를 균질하게 혼합하여 결합재를 얻고 상기 결합재에 진흙 슬러지 폐주물사 및 건설 폐재류 중에서 선택되는 1종을 혼합하여 이루어지는 친환경 성토재로 슬래그 미분말 100중량부에 인산석고 100~300중량부, bypass dust 20~100중량부를 균질하게 혼합하여 결합재를 얻고, 상기 결합재 100중량부에 진흙 슬러지, 폐주물사 및 건설폐재류 중에서 선택된 1종 이상을 100~1000중량부 혼합하여 이루어지는 친환경 성토재가 개시되어 있다.In addition, Korean Patent No. 883971 discloses an environment-friendly landfill material made by mixing homogeneous mixture of phosphate gypsum and bypass dust in blast furnace slag powder to obtain a binder, and mixing one selected from mud sludge waste foundry sand and construction waste materials. 100 to 300 parts by weight of phosphate gypsum 100 to 300 parts by weight, bypass dust 20 to 100 parts by weight homogeneously mixed to obtain a binder, 100 to 1000 parts by weight of one or more selected from mud sludge, waste foundry sand and construction wastes Disclosed is an environment-friendly fill material made by mixing by weight.
또한 본원 발명자의 선출원 등록발명 제1182605호에서는 산업용 부산물인 인산석고 및 프라이애쉬를 유용한 자원으로 재활용하여 일정한 압축강도 및 휨 강도를 확보하며 미끄럼저항성을 높이고 동결융해에 대한 저항성을 높인 포장재 조성물을 제공하기 위한 수단으로, 인산석고 20-37중량%와 프라이애쉬 15-25중량% 및 흑운모 10-15중량%, 굴패각분말 3-8중량%를 먼저 혼합하여 중화반응을 수행하여 얻은 혼합물에 소성황토 10-25중량%와 지오라이트 10-15중량%와 세골재 10-15중량%, 경화촉진제 5-10중량%를 혼합한 포장재 조성물을 이용하여 일정범위의 압축강도와 휨 강도와 미끄럼 저항성을 확보하고자 하는 기술이 개시되어 있다.In addition, the present invention of the present application registration No. 1118605 to recycle the industrial by-product phosphate gypsum and fry ash as a useful resource to secure a constant compressive strength and flexural strength, to improve the slip resistance and to provide resistance to freeze-thaw to provide a packaging composition As a means, 20-37% by weight of gypsum phosphate, 15-25% by fry ash, 10-15% by biotite, 3-8% by weight of oyster shell powder to the mixture obtained by the neutralization reaction to the calcined loess 10- Technology to secure a certain range of compressive strength, bending strength and slip resistance by using a packaging material composition containing 25% by weight, 10-15% by weight of zeolite, 10-15% by weight of aggregate, and 5-10% by weight of curing accelerator. Is disclosed.
그러나 종래에 개시된 기술에서는 산업용 부산물인 바텀애쉬와 인산석고를 함께 포함시켜 각각이 갖는 고유의 특성을 살려서 산업상 유용한 자원으로 재활용하기 위한 과제를 갖고 시작된 발명이 아니며, 또한 바텀애쉬와 인산석고의 잠재수경성이나 포졸란 반응을 유도하여 고로슬래그를 추가하여 에트린자이트(석회설포알루미네이트)의 생성을 활성화시켜 일정 범위의 강도를 확보하는 블록으로 제공하고자 하는 기술구성은 개시된바 없는 것으로 확인된다.However, the technology disclosed in the related art is not an invention started with the task of recycling the industrial ash by using bottom ash, which is an industrial by-product, and recycling it as an industrially useful resource. It is confirmed that the technical configuration to provide a block which induces hydraulic or pozzolanic reaction to add blast furnace slag to activate the production of ethrinzite (lime sulfoaluminate) to secure a range of strengths has not been disclosed.
본원은 산업용 부산물인 바텀애쉬(화력발전소 석탄재)와 인산석고를 동시에 함유시켜 재활용도를 높이며 일정 강도를 확보하도록 보조원료가 추가되는 구성을 통하여 육상 또는 해상용으로 사용되는 블록을 제공하고자 하는 과제를 갖고 시작된 발명이다.This project aims to provide a block that is used for onshore or offshore through the addition of auxiliary ash to increase the recycling rate and secure a certain strength by simultaneously containing the bottom ash (coal ash of thermal power plant) and phosphate, which are industrial by-products. It is an invention started with.
본원은 육상 또는 해상용으로 사용되는 블록을 얻기 위한 수단으로 산업용 부산물인 바텀애쉬와 인산석고 및 고로슬래그를 적정비율로 혼합하여 잠재수경성이나 포졸란 반응에 의하여 에트린자이트(석회설포알루미네이트)의 생성을 활성화하여 일정범위의 강도를 확보하며 포졸란과 시멘트나 고화제를 추가하여 높은 강도를 확보하는 블록 조성물을 제공하고자 하는 목적을 갖는다. The present invention is a means for obtaining blocks used for land or sea use, by mixing the industrial by-product bottom ash, phosphate gypsum and blast furnace slag in an appropriate ratio of the ethrinzite (lime sulfoaluminate) by the latent hydraulic or pozzolanic reaction The purpose of the present invention is to provide a block composition that secures a certain range of strength by activating the production, and secures a high strength by adding pozzolanic and cement or a hardener.
본원은 산업용 부산물로 현재 마땅한 사용처를 찾고 있지 못하여 방치되고 있는 바텀애쉬 및 인산석고를 고부가가치의 자원으로 재활용하여 경제적인 이익을 창출할 수 있는 유용한 자원으로 재활용하기 위한 수단으로 블록 조성물을 제공하고자 하는 발명이다.The company is an industrial by-product and is currently being left unattended It is an invention to provide a block composition as a means for recycling the bottom ash and phosphate gypsum as a valuable resource that can be recycled to a high value-added resources to create economic benefits.
본원은 산업용 부산물인 바텀애쉬(화력발전소 석탄재)와 인산석고를 동시에 함유하여 제공되는 블록 조성물로서, 바텀애쉬(화력발전소 석탄재) 70±10중량%, 인산석고 20±5중량%, 고로슬래그 5±3중량%, 포졸란 2±1중량%, 시멘트, 무기결합재, 급결제 중에서 선택되는 강도보강제 3±1중량%를 포함하여 이루어지는 블록조성물을 통하여 본원의 목적을 달성할 수 있다.This is a block composition which is provided by simultaneously containing the industrial ash by-product bottom ash (coal-fired coal ash) and phosphate gypsum, bottom ash (coal-fired power plant coal ash) 70 ± 10% by weight, phosphate gypsum 20 ± 5% by weight, blast furnace slag 5 ± The object of the present application can be achieved through a block composition comprising 3% by weight, 2 ± 1% by weight of pozzolanic, 3 ± 1% by weight of strength modifier selected from cement, inorganic binder, and fastener.
본원의 블록조성물이 공유수면 매립지나 연약지반 등의 수중에서 적용될 경우 수중 안정성을 확보하기 월할 때 무기결합재가 포틀랜드 시멘트와 고로슬래그와 소석회와 석고 및 CSA조강제가 4±0.5 : 2±0.5 : 2±0.5 : 1±0.5 : 1±0.5 비율로 배합되어 적용되는 기술사상을 포함한다.When the block composition of the present application is applied in the water such as co-surface landfill or soft ground, the inorganic binder is 4 ± 0.5: 2 ± 0.5: 2 ± Includes technical ideas applied in a ratio of 0.5: 1 ± 0.5: 1 ± 0.5.
따라서 본원은 산업용 부산물인 바텀애쉬(화력발전소 석탄재)와 인산석고를 동시에 함유하여 제공되는 블록의 제조방법으로, 바텀애쉬(화력발전소 석탄재) 70±10중량%, 인산석고 20±5중량%, 고로슬래그 5±3중량%, 포졸란 2±1중량%, 시멘트, 무기결합재, 급결제 중에서 선택되는 강도보강제 3±1중량%를 포함하는 조성으로 혼합되는 배합단계와 상기 배합물을 이용하여 원하는 형상의 블록제품으로 성형되고 양생되는 단계를 포함하여 이루어지는 공정을 통한 블록의 제조방법으로 적용될 수 있음을 확인하여 완성된 발명이다.Therefore, the present application is a method of manufacturing a block provided by simultaneously containing industrial ash, bottom ash (coal power plant coal ash) and phosphate gypsum, bottom ash (coal power plant coal ash) 70 ± 10% by weight, phosphate gypsum 20 ± 5% by weight, blast furnace 5 ± 3% by weight of slag, 2 ± 1% by weight of pozzolane, 3 ± 1% by weight of the strength enhancer selected from cement, inorganic binders, fasteners and the mixing step of the desired shape by using the blend The invention is completed by confirming that it can be applied to the manufacturing method of the block through the process comprising the step of forming and curing the product.
본원에서 산업용 부산물인 바텀애쉬와 인산석고를 재활용하여 육상 또는 해상에서 일정 강도를 확보하도록 사용되는 포장재 조성물로 제공 가능성을 확인하기 위한 실험에서 사용된 바텀애쉬의 물리.화학적 특성은 아래의 표 1과 같이 분석되었다.The physical and chemical properties of the bottom ash used in the experiment to confirm the possibility of providing the packaging composition used to secure a certain strength on land or sea by recycling the bottom ash and phosphate gypsum as industrial by-products are shown in Table 1 below. It was analyzed together.
[표 1] 바텀애쉬의 물리. 화학적 성질 분석표Table 1 Physics of Bottom Ash. Chemical property analysis table
division
(㎠/g)Powder figure
(Cm 2 / g)
(㎏/㎥)density
(Kg / ㎥)
K 2 O
또한 본원에서 사용한 인산석고는 국내의 NH화학에서 제공되는 인산석고를 사용하여 적용하였는바, NH화학 분석실에서 분석하여 제공되는 인산석고의 물성은 아래의 표 2와 같았다.In addition, the phosphate gypsum used in the present application was applied using the phosphate gypsum provided by the domestic NH chemicals, the physical properties of the phosphate gypsum provided by analysis in the NH chemical analysis room was as shown in Table 2 below.
[표 2] 인산석고의 화학적 조성의성분 분석표[Table 2] Component Analysis Table of Chemical Composition of Gypsum Phosphate
드라이(건조)베이스임
Dry base
또한 본원에서 바텀애쉬와 인산석고를 적정비율로 혼합하여 잠재수경성 반응을 야기할 때 고로슬래그를 3~7중량% 정도를 사용하고자 하였는바, 고로슬래그는 그 자체는 경화성질이 미약하나 알카리에 의해서 잠재수경성 반응을 통하여 경화되며, 수산화칼륨이나 황산염 작용에 의해 경화가 촉진되어 압축강도를 향상시키기 위함이며 또한 포졸란 및 시멘트 고화제를 추가시켜 블록의 강도를 높이도록 하였다.In addition, in the present application, when the bottom ash and phosphate gypsum were mixed in an appropriate ratio to cause a latent hydraulic reaction, the blast furnace slag was about 3 to 7% by weight. It is cured through the latent hydraulic reaction, and the hardening is promoted by the action of potassium hydroxide or sulfate to improve the compressive strength, and the strength of the block is increased by adding pozzolanic and cement hardener.
본원에서 사용한 고로슬래그를 분쇄하여 200 mesh체를 통과한 원료를 이용하고자 하였으며 이를 분석하였는바 분석결과는 표 3과 같았다.The blast furnace slag used in the present application was intended to use a raw material that passed through a 200 mesh sieve and analyzed. The analysis results are shown in Table 3.
[표 3]고로슬래그의 화학성분 분석표[Table 3] Chemical composition analysis table of blast furnace slag
division
K 2 O
또한 본원에서 사용하는 포졸란은 전남 신안군의 용출도에서 산출되는 포졸란 광석을 시료로 채취하고 산출된 원석을 분쇄하여 200 mesh체를 통과한 원료를 얻고 이를 분석하였는바, 포졸란 원석의 성분분석은 하기의 표 4와 같았다.In addition, the pozzolanic used in the present application was taken as a sample of pozzola ore calculated at the elution degree of Sinan-gun, Jeonnam, and the raw gemstones were pulverized to obtain a raw material that passed through a 200 mesh body. It was as Table 4.
Remaining amount
본원에서 산업용 부산물인 바텀애쉬와 인산석고 및 고로슬래그 원료의 혼합과정에서 수화반응 또는 포졸란(Pozzolan) 반응을 통해서 에트린자이트(석회설포알루미네이트, 3CaO·Al2O3·3CaSO4·32H2O)의 생성을 활성화하여 압축강도를 높이는것으로 파악되는바, 에트린자이트는 침상(針狀)의 결정화를 이루면서 블록조성물 사이의 간극을 채워서 함수비(含水比)를 저하시키고 고화체를 조밀화 하며, 이온교환과 팽창성에 의해 유해중금속을 고착시키는 기능을 갖는 것으로 예측된다.Ethrinite (lime sulfoaluminate, 3CaO · Al 2 O 3 · 3CaSO4 · 32H 2 O) through hydration reaction or Pozzolan reaction in the mixing process of bottom ash, phosphate gypsum and blast furnace slag raw materials, which are industrial by-products It can be seen that the formation of) increases the compressive strength.Ethrinzite forms needle crystals, filling gaps between block compositions, reducing water content, densifying solids, and ion exchange. It is expected to have a function of fixing harmful heavy metals by overexpansion.
본원의 블록조성물 중에 포함된 SiO2(산화규소), CaO(산화칼슘), Al2O3(산화알루미늄), 기타 Fe2O3(산화철)등은 수분과 만나면 고화대상물 + CaO → 수분이 흡수된 소석회(Ca(OH)2), Al2O3 nSiO2 → Alm(OH)n SimOn 고분자화로 소수성의 응결체를 형성하고 또한 시멘트에 함유된 규산3석회(3CaO.SiO2), 규산2석회(2CaO.SiO2), 알루민산3석회(3CaO.Al2O3), 철알루민산4석회(4CaO.Al2O3.Fe2O3)와 무수석고(CaSO4)가 작용하여 에트린자이트(3CaO·Al2O3·3CaSO4·32H2O)라는 광물로 응결조절 및 유해한 중금속류의 고화에 유효한 물질로 결합하며 불용성으로 고착되며 높은 강도를 확보하는 것으로 파악된다. SiO 2 (silicon oxide), CaO (calcium oxide), Al 2 O 3 (aluminum oxide), and other Fe 2 O 3 (iron oxide) contained in the block composition of the present application are absorbed when the object is solidified + CaO → moisture Hydrated lime (Ca (OH) 2 ), Al 2 O 3 nSiO 2 → Alm (OH) n SimOn polymerisation to form hydrophobic coagulum, and also to add tricalcium silicate (3CaO.SiO 2 ) and silicate 2 lime (2CaO.SiO 2 ), tricalcium aluminate (3CaO.Al 2 O 3 ), ferric aluminate quaternary (4CaO.Al 2 O 3 .Fe 2 O 3 ) and anhydrous gypsum (CaSO 4 ) It is a mineral called zite (3CaO · Al 2 O 3 · 3CaSO 4 · 32H 2 O), which is combined with effective substances for coagulation control and solidification of harmful heavy metals.
본원은 현재 마땅한 사용처를 찾지 못하여 그 처리에 곤란을 겪고 있는 인산석고 및 바텀애쉬를 고부가가치의 자원으로 재활용하여 경제적 이익을 창출할 수 있는 유용한 자원으로 재활용하는 효과를 제공한다.The present invention provides the effect of recycling phosphate gypsum and bottom ash, which are currently difficult to find due use, and recycled into valuable resources that can generate economic benefits.
본원에서 제공되는 블록조성물은 육상이나 연약지반 보강용 블록으로 제공되어 높은 입축강도를 확보하는 블록으로 제공되는 효과를 갖는다.The block composition provided herein is provided as a block for reinforcing the ground or soft ground, and has the effect of providing the block securing a high grain strength.
도 1 : 본원의 블록조성물을 얻기 위해 1차 혼합기와 2차 혼합기로 구분되어 적용되는 제조공정 예시도1: Illustrates a manufacturing process applied separately divided into a primary mixer and a secondary mixer to obtain a block composition of the present application
이하 본원의 기술사상을 구현하기 위한 발명의 실시예를 겸하여 본원 기술사상이 구현되는 실시양태를 도면으로 제시하여 설명하고자 하는바, 본 출원의 명세서나 청구범위에 사용된 용어나 단어는 통상적이거나 사전적인 의미로 한정해서 해석되어서는 아니 될 것이며, 본원의 보호범위는 발명의 기술사상에 부합하는 의미와 개념으로 해석되어야만 할 것이며, 또한 본원의 도면으로 제시되는 내용은 본원의 목적을 달성하기 위한 하나의 적용예를 나타낸 것에 불과할 뿐이고 본원의 기술사상을 대변하는 것은 아니므로, 본원의 출원시점에서 이들을 대체할 수 있는 다양한 균등물과 변형 예들이 있을 수 있음을 이해하여야 할 것이다.Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention for implementing the technical spirit of the present application, which will be described by presenting the embodiments of the technical spirit of the present invention in the drawings, the terms or words used in the specification or claims of the present application is conventional or dictionary The scope of protection of the present application should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention, and the contents presented in the drawings of the present application are intended to achieve the purpose of the present application. It is to be understood that there are various equivalents and modifications that can be substituted for them at the time of filing the present application as they are merely illustrative of the application examples and do not represent the technical spirit of the present application.
이하, 본원 발명의 기술사상을 바람직하게 구현한 실시예를 첨부된 도면을 겸하여 상세히 설명하고자 한다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings.
도 1은 본원의 블록조성물을 얻기 위한 일 적용예시도를 나타낸 것이다.Figure 1 shows an application example for obtaining the block composition of the present application.
본원 발명자는 블록 조성물을 얻기 위한 원료 바텀애쉬(화력발전소 석탄재)와 인산석고를 동시에 함유시켜 재활용도를 높이며 일정 강도를 확보하도록 고로슬래그 및 포졸란, 시멘트 원료가 혼합되어 추가되는 구성을 통하여 블록 조성물을 이루고 이들 원료 사이에 신속하게 에트린자이트 생성을 유도하여 높은 압축강도를 확보하는지 확인하기 위한 수단으로 각각의 원료를 분쇄한 후 체가름을 통하여 200메쉬 체를 통과한 원료를 이용하였다.The inventors of the present invention provide a block composition through a composition in which blast furnace slag, pozzolanic, and cement raw materials are added to contain a bottom ash (thermal power plant coal ash) and phosphate gypsum to obtain a block composition at the same time to increase the recyclability and to secure a certain strength. In order to confirm the high compressive strength by inducing the formation of ethrinite quickly between these raw materials, each raw material was pulverized and then passed through a 200 mesh sieve through a sieve.
본원의 기술사상으로 적용되는 블록조성물이 육상에서 사용되는 것은 아무런 지장이 없으나 연약지반 등의 수중에 적층되어 사용되는 경우 장기간 일정강도를 확보하여 내구성을 확보하는지 그 가능성을 확인하기 위하여 표 5의 조성으로 제시되는 이외에 다수의 제조 실시예를 다양하게 적용하고, 그 중 본원의 기술사상이 구현되는 최적으로 모델을 표 5에 제시하였다.The block composition applied to the technical idea of the present application is not used in the land, but when stacked in the soft ground, and used in the composition of Table 5 to confirm the possibility of securing the durability by securing a certain strength for a long time In addition to the present invention, a number of manufacturing examples are variously applied, and among them, the best model for implementing the technical idea of the present application is shown in Table 5.
샘플 1 내지 샘플 3의 원료조성은 본원의 기술사상에 부합하는 조성을 나타낸 것이고, 비교 샘플 1에서는 본원의 메인원료인 바텀애쉬만을 사용하고 인산석고는 사용하지 않은 경우와, 비교 샘플 2에서는 인산석고만을 사용하고 바텀애쉬는 사용하지 않은 경우의 적용예를 본원의 기술사상 조성물과 비교하고자 하였다.The composition of the raw materials of Samples 1 to 3 shows a composition consistent with the technical concept of the present application. In Comparative Sample 1, only the bottom ash, which is the main raw material of the present application, and the phosphate gypsum were not used. The application example, when used and without bottom ash, was intended to be compared with the inventive composition.
표 5에 제시된 조성은 일 적용예로 샘플 1의 경우는 혼합믹서기 1에 바텀애쉬 분말 7.0 kg와 인산석고 분말 2.0 kg과 고로슬래그 분말 0.5 kg, 포졸란 0.2 kg 범위 비율로 혼합된 1차 혼합조성물을 준비하여 바텀애쉬와 인산석고의 에트린자이트 생성을 유도하는 공정을 실시하고 혼합믹서기2에는 시멘트 4.0 kg, 고로슬래그 2.0 kg, 소석회 2.0 kg, 무수석고 1.0 kg, CSA(Calcium Sulfo Aluminate) 조강재 1.0 kg이 투입되어 얻어지는 2차 혼합조성물 10 kg 중에서 0.3 kg을 취하여 1차 혼합조성물과 혼합되는 구성으로 블록조성물을 이루고 물을 첨가하여 혼합 교반한 후, 이를 성형틀에 투입하고 증기양생을 실시한 다음 탈형하여 시험체로 샘플1, 2, 3 제품과 비교적용예 1, 2 제품을 만들고 각각의 샘플제품에 대하여 휨강도는 KS F 2407, 압축강도는 KS F 2403, 압축강도(동결융해시험 후)는 KS F 2456/KS F 2403 규격에 의하여 실시하였으며, 증기 양생은 전치(4시간/20℃), 승온(2시간/60℃), 유지(4시간/60℃), 감온(2시간/20℃)의 단계를 거쳐 실시되었다.The composition shown in Table 5 is an example of application. In the case of Sample 1, the first mixer composition in which Mixer 1 is mixed in a ratio of 7.0 kg of bottom ash powder, 2.0 kg of phosphate gypsum powder, 0.5 kg of blast furnace slag powder, and 0.2 kg of pozzolane Prepare and process the process of inducing ethrinite formation of bottom ash and phosphate gypsum.In Mixer 2, cement 4.0 kg, blast furnace slag 2.0 kg, slaked lime 2.0 kg, anhydrous gypsum 1.0 kg, CSA (Calcium Sulfo Aluminate) steel 1.0 0.3 kg is taken from 10 kg of the secondary mixed composition obtained by the addition of kg, and the block composition is formed by mixing with the primary mixed composition, mixed with water by adding water, and then mixed into the mold and steam cured, followed by demolding. Samples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were made from the test specimens. For each sample, the flexural strength was KS F 2407, the compressive strength was KS F 2403, and the compressive strength (after freezing and melting test) was K. The steam curing was carried out in accordance with the SF 2456 / KS F 2403 standard. It was carried out through the steps of.
강도보강제
Strength enhancer
상기의 결과에서 압축강도(1)은 재령 7일 경과 후에 측정된 결과이고, 압축강도(2)는 재령 28 경과 후에 측정된 결과이며, 압축강도(3)은 동결융해 후 재령 28일 경과 후에 측정된 결과로서, 한국산업규격 KS F 2456/KS F 4004 규정에 의해 C종 벽돌 2급(압축강도 8 N/㎟ 이상) 이상을 확보하는 것으로 확인되었다.In the above results, the compressive strength (1) is measured after 7 days of age, the compressive strength (2) is measured after 28 years of age, and the compressive strength (3) is measured after 28 days of freezing and thawing. As a result, it was confirmed that the grade C bricks (compressive strength of 8 N / mm2 or more) were secured according to the Korean Industrial Standard KS F 2456 / KS F 4004.
본원의 기술사상이 현장에 적용되는 방법으로 상기의 1차 혼합기 조성물과 2차 혼합기 조성물을 각각 준비하고 현장에서 포설공사 시공 직전에 1차 혼합조성물과 2차 혼합조성물을 배합하여 현장 타설하는 방법으로 적용하는 것이 바람직하다.In the method that the technical idea of the present application is applied to the site, the primary mixer composition and the secondary mixer composition are prepared respectively, and the primary mixing composition and the secondary mixing composition are mixed in the field immediately before the installation work in the field. It is desirable to apply.
상기의 표 5에 제시되는 샘플 1 내지 샘플 3의 원료배합 조성은 본원의 기술사상이 적용되는 베스트 모드를 제시한 것으로서, 상기의 제시자료를 얻기까지 시행오차법에 따른 수 많은 실험결과로부터 얻은 결과임은 물론이다.The raw material composition of Samples 1 to 3 shown in Table 5 is the best mode to which the technical idea of the present application is applied, and the results obtained from numerous experiment results according to the trial and error method until the above data are obtained. Im sure.
본원의 기술사상이 적용되는데 있어서 바텀애쉬 및 인산석고는 산업 부산물로 재활용처를 찾지 못하여 고심하는 물질로 가능한 많은 사용량을 적용하는 것이 바람직하나 비교 샘플 1에서와 같이 본원의 메인원료인 바텀애쉬만을 사용하고 인산석고를 사용하지 않은 경우와, 비교 샘플 2에서와 같이 인산석고만을 사용하고 바텀애쉬는 사용하지 않은 경우에는 잠재 수경성 반응이나 또는 포졸란 반응이 원만하게 이루어지지 아니하여 에트린자이트의 생성에 저해를 가져오는 현상으로 인하여 블록의 압축강도가 현저히 떨어지는 현상을 나타내는 결과에 비하여 본원의 기술사상이 적용되어 바텀애쉬 70±10중량%, 인산석고 20±5중량%, 고로슬래그 5±3중량%, 시멘트, 무기결합재 중에서 선택되는 강도보강제 3±1중량%, 포졸란 2±1중량% 범위로 100 중량%를 이루어 제공되는 블록은 육상 뿐 아니라 바닷물에 담근 후 60일 경과 후의 압축강도 실험에서도 처음 상태의 압축강도를 확보하는 것으로 확인되었다.In applying the technical idea of the present application, bottom ash and phosphate gypsum are not used as industrial by-products, and it is preferable to apply as much as possible to the troubled material. However, only the bottom ash, which is the main raw material of the present application, is used as in Comparative Sample 1. When phosphate gypsum is not used and when only phosphate gypsum is used and bottom ash is not used as in Comparative Sample 2, the latent hydraulic reaction or the pozzolanic reaction is not performed smoothly. Compared to the result that the compressive strength of the block is significantly lowered due to the phenomenon of inhibition, the technical idea of the present application is applied to the bottom ash 70 ± 10% by weight, phosphate gypsum 20 ± 5% by weight, blast furnace slag 5 ± 3% by weight. 100% by weight in the range of 3 ± 1% by weight strength modifier selected from cement, inorganic binder and 2 ± 1% by weight of pozzolan. Control block is provided have been found to ensure the compressive strength of the first state in the compressive strength test after 60 days after immersion in sea water, as well as track and field.
또한 본원에서 바텀애쉬 70±10중량%, 인산석고 20±5중량%, 고로슬래그 5±3중량%, 포졸란 2±1중량% 범위의 배합비를 준수하는 경우 이들 원료의 혼합과정에서 수화반응이나 포졸란(Pozzolan) 반응을 통해서 에트린자이트(석회설포알루미네이트, 3CaO·Al2O3·3CaSO4·32H2O)의 생성을 활성화시켜 신속 고화를 도하하면서 포장조성물 사이의 간극을 채워서 함수비(含水比)를 저하시키고 고화체를 조밀화 하며, 이온교환과 팽창성에 의해 유해중금속을 고착시키는 기능을 가지나 상기 배합비를 벗어나는 경우 바닷물에 담근 후 30일 경과 이후의 압축강도가 급격히 떨어지는 사실로부터 상기 범위의 배합비 적용이 바람직하다. In addition, the hydration reaction or pozzolane in the mixing process of the raw materials in accordance with the mixing ratio of the bottom ash 70 ± 10% by weight, gypsum phosphate 20 ± 5% by weight, blast furnace slag 5 ± 3% by weight, pozzolane 2 ± 1% by weight (Pozzolan) Activation of the formation of ethrinzite (lime sulfoaluminate, 3CaO · Al 2 O 3 · 3CaSO 4 · 32H 2 O) through rapid reaction to fill the gap between packaging compositions Application of the above-mentioned ranges from the fact that the compressive strength falls rapidly after 30 days after soaking in seawater when the above-mentioned ratio is exceeded. desirable.
또한 본원의 블록을 얻을 때 강도보강제는 일반적으로 육상에 사용되는 블록의 경우 포틀랜드 시멘트나 일반고화제가 사용되는 것도 가능하나 해안매립지나 수중에서 지반 안정을 위해 강도 보강용으로 사용되는 블록의 경우에 시멘트가 초기에 배합되는 경우 포틀랜드 시멘트가 갖는 알칼리도가 산성을 나타내는 인산석고를 조기 중화시켜 에트린자이트의 생성을 저해할 수 있으므로 무기결합재로 포틀랜드 시멘트와 고로슬래그와 소석회와 석고 및 CSA조강제가 4±0.5 : 2±0.5 : 2±0.5 : 1±0.5 : 1±0.5 비율로 배합되어 사용되는 경우 습한 조건에서도 블록결합물이 장기간 내구성을 확보하여 안정구조를 이루도록 적용되는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, when obtaining the block of the present application, the strength reinforcing agent is generally used in the case of the block used for land, Portland cement or general hardener may be used, but in the case of the block used for strength reinforcement for the stability of the ground in coastal landfill or underwater Is initially formulated, the alkalinity of portland cement can neutralize acidic phosphate gypsum, which can inhibit the formation of ethrinzite. 0.5: 2 ± 0.5: 2 ± 0.5: 1 ± 0.5: 1 ± 0.5 When used in a ratio is preferably applied in a block structure to ensure a stable structure for long-term durability even in wet conditions.
도 1에 제시된 내용은 본원의 포장조성물을 얻기 위해 1차 혼합기와 2차 혼합기로 구분되어 적용되는 것이 바람직한 제조공정의 일 적용예시도를 나타낸 것으로 별도의 부호 없이 블록도로 나타낸 것으로 별도의 부호 설명이 필요치 않다.1 is a block diagram without a separate sign as an illustration showing one application example of a preferred manufacturing process that is applied separately divided into a primary mixer and a secondary mixer to obtain a packaging composition of the present application. It is not necessary.
Claims (3)
바텀애쉬(화력발전소 석탄재) 70±10중량%, 인산석고 20±5중량%, 고로슬래그 5±3중량%, 포졸란 2±1중량%에 포틀랜드 시멘트와 고로슬래그와 소석회와 무수석고 및 CSA조강제가 각각 4±0.5 : 2±0.5 : 2±0.5 : 1±0.5 : 1±0.5 비율로 배합되어 제공되는 무기결합재가 3±1중량%로 함유되어 제공되는 것을 특징으로 하는 블록조성물.In the block composition provided by simultaneously containing the bottom ash (coal-fired power plant) and phosphate gypsum as an industrial by-product,
Bottom ash (coal ash from thermal power plant) 70 ± 10% by weight, phosphate gypsum 20 ± 5% by weight, blast furnace slag 5 ± 3% by weight, pozzolan 2 ± 1% by weight Portland cement, blast furnace slag, slaked lime, anhydrous gypsum and CSA A block composition, characterized in that the inorganic binder provided in a mixture of 4 ± 0.5: 2 ± 0.5: 2 ± 0.5: 1 ± 0.5: 1 ± 0.5 ratio is provided in an amount of 3 ± 1% by weight.
바텀애쉬(화력발전소 석탄재) 70±10중량%, 인산석고 20±5중량%, 고로슬래그 5±3중량%, 포졸란 2±1중량%에 포틀랜드 시멘트와 고로슬래그와 소석회와 무수석고 및 CSA조강제가 각각 4±0.5 : 2±0.5 : 2±0.5 : 1±0.5 : 1±0.5 비율로 배합되어 제공되는 무기결합재가 3±1중량%로 함유되는 조성으로 혼합되는 배합단계와
상기 배합물을 이용하여 원하는 형상의 블록제품으로 성형되고 양생되는 단계를 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 블록의 제조방법.In the manufacturing method of the block provided by simultaneously containing the industrial ash by-product bottom ash (fired coal coal) and phosphate gypsum,
Bottom ash (coal ash from thermal power plant) 70 ± 10% by weight, phosphate gypsum 20 ± 5% by weight, blast furnace slag 5 ± 3% by weight, pozzolan 2 ± 1% by weight Portland cement, blast furnace slag, slaked lime, anhydrous gypsum and CSA And a mixing step of mixing in a composition containing 3 ± 1% by weight of the inorganic binder provided in a ratio of 4 ± 0.5: 2 ± 0.5: 2 ± 0.5: 1 ± 0.5: 1 ± 0.5, respectively.
Method for producing a block comprising the step of forming and curing into a block product of the desired shape using the blend.
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| KR20140114211A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-09-26 | 안상표 | Stabilizing agent composition for block forming |
| KR101896251B1 (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2018-09-10 | 주식회사 클레이맥스 | Lightweight sidewalk block with water permeability and water holding capacity |
| CN108821722A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-11-16 | 遵义汉丰装饰材料有限责任公司 | A kind of semidry method Ardealite block and its processing technology |
| KR20200093865A (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2020-08-06 | 주식회사 하나케미칼 | Preparing method for Cement composition and cement admixture using byproduct phosphogypsum |
| KR102158523B1 (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-09-22 | 고려에프에이(주) | Block manufacturing binder composition |
| KR20230014131A (en) | 2021-07-20 | 2023-01-30 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | Block for reducing heat island phenomenon using surface-modified waste glass aggregate |
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