KR101216928B1 - Method of manufacturing porous ceramics for water purification - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a ceramic porous body containing diatomaceous earth and feldspar, having a density in the range of 1.0 to 1.2 g / cm 3, a porosity in the range of 42 to 52%, and on the first surface of the ceramic porous body, opposite to the first surface. A plurality of nanopores having a size of 20 to 200 nm, a plurality of micro pores having a size of 1 to 200 μm and a plurality of 500 to 2 mm in a second surface having a second surface, a bulk region between the first surface and the second surface The present invention relates to a ceramic porous body for water purification in which two large pores are formed, and a manufacturing method thereof. The ceramic porous body for water purification according to the present invention can be manufactured in large quantities at low cost using diatomaceous earth and leadstone which are inexpensive natural raw materials, and the manufacturing process is simple, and the pore structure of various sizes of nano pores, micro pores and macro pores. The surface of the ceramic porous body substantially in contact with the fluid is maximized to be efficient as a purification filter for water treatment, and can be used for various purposes such as an aquarium or a fish tank filter, a wastewater purifier, a small wastewater treatment device, and the like.

Porous Ceramic, Diatomite, Pyrite, Silica Sand, Water Purification, Filter

Description

Method of manufacturing porous ceramics for water purification

The present invention relates to a ceramic porous body and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, it can be produced in large quantities at low cost using diatomaceous earth and feldspar, which are inexpensive natural raw materials, and the manufacturing process is simple, and nano pores, micro pores and macropores. The pore structure of various sizes of pores maximizes the surface area of the ceramic porous body that is in actual contact with the fluid, so it is efficient as a water purification filter, and can be used for various purposes such as an aquarium or a fish tank filter, a waste water purifier, and a small wastewater treatment device. The present invention relates to a ceramic porous body for water purification and a method of manufacturing the same.

In tanks with low water flow down to large aquariums or small fish tanks in the home, food waste, fish droppings, and other contaminants, such as residues or dust from microbes in water, are present. Is not removed naturally.

Therefore, it is necessary to clean the inside of the tank and change the received water at regular intervals, and the cleaning and changing of the water in the tank is very cumbersome and economically burdened, and there are many difficulties in operation due to the fishy smell generated from the water during the operation. There is this.

In order to solve the above problems, some water purifiers have been installed and used in aquariums and fish tanks. The water purifiers for aquariums collect water used in aquariums to remove contaminants by filters, and then recirculate them by circulating them. Having a structure, it is expensive, and most of the filters for purifying water have a disadvantage of poor purification ability. Therefore, after a certain period of time, there is still inconvenience to change the water and clean the inside of the tank.

On the other hand, by installing a filter cloth to filter the suspended matter inside the aquarium, and by introducing the water in the tank toward the filter cloth, the device has been developed to filter the contaminants in the aquarium and water is introduced back into the tank, but the filter cloth is simply Since it only functions as a filter for filtering suspended substances, there is a limit in filtering fine substances as a water purification filter.

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to use inexpensive natural raw diatomaceous earth and feldspar, so that it can be manufactured in large quantities at low cost, and consists of nanopore, micropore and macropore pore structures of various sizes to substantially contact the fluid. The surface of the ceramic porous body is maximized to be efficient as a water purification filter, and to provide a ceramic porous body for water purification that can be used for various purposes such as an aquarium or a fish tank filter, a waste water purifier, a small waste water treatment device, and the like.

Another technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to use inexpensive natural raw materials, such as diatomaceous earth and feldspar, can be produced in large quantities inexpensively, and the manufacturing process is simple, and the pore structure of various sizes of nano pores, micro pores and macro pores. Method of manufacturing a ceramic porous body for water purification, which is effective as a purification filter for water treatment by maximizing the surface area of the ceramic porous body substantially in contact with the fluid, and can be used for various purposes such as an aquarium or a fish tank filter, a waste water purifier, a small waste water treatment device, etc. In providing.

The present invention is a ceramic porous body containing diatomaceous earth and feldspar, having a density in the range of 1.0 to 1.2 g / cm 3, a porosity in the range of 42 to 52%, and on the first surface of the ceramic porous body, opposite to the first surface. A plurality of nanopores having a size of 20 to 200 nm, a plurality of micro pores having a size of 1 to 200 μm, and a plurality of 500 μm to 2 mm having a second surface, a bulk region between the first surface and the second surface. Provided is a ceramic porous body for water purification, in which two large pores are formed.

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In addition, the present invention, using the diatomaceous earth and feldspar as starting materials, and mixing 50 to 82% by weight of diatomaceous earth, 3 to 30% by weight of feldspar and 15 to 47% by weight of silica sand with respect to 100% by weight of the starting material and Dissolving the binder in a solvent to form a binder solution, and then spraying the mixed starting material, molding the mixture sprayed with the binder solution into a shaped body, drying the molded body, and drying the dried molded body. It is charged to a firing furnace, the temperature is raised to 400 ~ 800 ℃ and maintained for 10 minutes to 10 hours to burn off the binder, the temperature is raised to a temperature of 1100 ~ 1400 ℃ comprising a step of holding for 1 to 10 hours, and baking The prepared ceramic porous body has a density in the range of 1.0 to 1.2 g / cm 3 and a porosity in the range of 42 to 52%, and includes a first surface of the ceramic porous body, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the first surface. Surface and above A water purification ceramic porous body having a plurality of nanopores of 20 to 200 nm in size, a plurality of micro pores of 1 to 200 μm and a plurality of macropores of 500 to 2 mm in the bulk region between the second surfaces. It provides a method of manufacturing.

The method of manufacturing the ceramic porous body for water purification may further include injecting air into the firing furnace or forcibly evacuating it by using a fan to promote thermal decomposition of the binder.

The binder is dissolved in a range of 10 to 50% by weight of the solvent to make the binder solution, and the binder is preferably polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, polyvinyl butyral, cellulose or starch. .

The method for producing the ceramic porous body for water purification is preferably using diatomaceous earth having a particle size in the range of 1 to 50 µm and feldspar having a particle size in the range of 0.5 to 5 mm.

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The ceramic porous body for water purification of the present invention is very useful as a water purification filter due to the presence of nano pores, micro pores and macropores.

The ceramic porous body for water purification according to the present invention can be manufactured in large quantities at low cost because of using inexpensive natural raw materials such as diatomaceous earth, feldspar, and silica sand, and the manufacturing process is very simple.

By forming the pore structure of various sizes of nano pores, micro pores and macro pores, the area of the ceramic porous body which is in real contact with the fluid is maximized, so it is efficient as a water purification filter, and it is an aquarium or fish tank filter, a waste water purifier, a small scale It can be used for various purposes such as waste water treatment equipment.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments are provided to those skilled in the art to fully understand the present invention, and may be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention is limited to the embodiments described below. It doesn't happen.

The ceramic porous body for water purification according to the present invention is mixed with diatomite and leadstone, which are natural raw materials, as a starting material, and is molded by adding a molding aid therein, and then the molded body is 1100 to 1400 ° C, preferably 1200 to 1300 ° C. It can be produced by firing at a temperature of, and a plurality of pores are formed inside by the reaction between the liquid phase and the solid phase generated during the firing process.

The ceramic porous body for water purification of the present invention has a density in the range of about 1.0 to 1.2 g / cm 3, a porosity in the range of about 42 to 52%, and a specific surface area of about 20 to 50 m 2 / g. In addition, the ceramic porous body of the present invention comprises a plurality of nanopores having a size of 20 to 200 nm in a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a bulk region between the first surface and the second surface. ), And a plurality of micropores of 1 to 200㎛ size and a plurality of macropores of 500㎛ to 2㎜ size, and can effectively purify water quality by these nanopores, micropores and macropores. Can be. A plurality of pores penetrating between the first surface and the second surface is formed, the through pores make up at least 30% of the total pore. Here, nano refers to the size in nanometer (nm) unit range of 1nm ~ 1㎛, micro refers to the size in micrometer (μm) unit of 1㎛ ~ 1mm range.

Diatomaceous earth is a soil composed of diatoms accumulated under the sea or under a lake. It is porous, absorbent, and serves to maintain the skeleton of a ceramic porous body. The diatomaceous earth is preferably contained 50 to 82% by weight relative to 100% by weight of the ceramic porous body.

Pyrophyllite is a swellable material and serves to form large pores on the surface of the ceramic porous body. Pyrite is a mineral having a layered structure, and the chemical formula is (MgFe, Al) ₃ (Al, Si) ₄ O ₁₀ (OH) _{2 to} 4H ₂ O. It acts as a factor in forming large pores. It is preferable that 3 to 30 weight% of said lead stones are contained with respect to 100 weight% of said ceramic porous bodies.

In addition, the starting material may further include quartz (quartz), the silica sand may play a role of the skeleton in the ceramic porous body to prevent deformation and to serve to maintain the strength of the ceramic porous body. The silica sand may be contained 15 to 47% by weight based on 100% by weight of the ceramic porous body.

The density and porosity change of the ceramic porous body appearing according to the mixing ratio of diatomaceous earth and siliceous sand are shown in FIG. 1. When only diatomaceous earth itself was used (see (a) in FIG. 1), the density was 1.1 g / cm ³ and the porosity was 43.7%. When diatomaceous earth is added to the diatomaceous earth, the density is maintained at around 1.1 g / cm ³ , but the porosity is increased to 50% or more. In particular, when the ceramic porous body was manufactured using only diatomaceous earth, the porosity was 43.7%, but the porosity also increased as the content of silica sand increased to 20% by weight in place of diatomaceous earth. Particularly, when the ceramic porous body was prepared by adding 80% by weight of diatomaceous earth and 20% by weight of silica, the porosity was about 50.7%, and the porosity was increased by increasing the content of silica sand to 20% by weight or more. You can see the decrease gradually.

The ceramic porous body prepared by mixing three raw materials of diatomaceous earth, silica sand and feldspar in a weight ratio of 70% by weight: 25% by weight: 5% by weight had a density of 1.2 g / cm ³ and a porosity of 45%.

Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing a ceramic porous body for water purification according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The pore size of the ceramic porous body for water purification according to the present invention is related to the particle size, particle size distribution, composition ratio of the raw material, and the like.

To prepare a ceramic porous body for water purification, diatomaceous earth and feldspar may be mixed and used in a desired ratio, and may further include silica sand as a starting material.

As starting materials, diatomaceous earth preferably contains 50 to 82% by weight relative to 100% by weight of starting materials. When the content of diatomaceous earth is less than 50% by weight, it is difficult to obtain a desired porosity and there may be a difficulty in forming the desired nano pores and micro pores. The particle size (particle diameter) of the diatomaceous earth is preferably about 1 to 50 μm in consideration of porosity and the size of nano pores and micro pores.

It is preferable that feldspar contains 3 to 30 weight% with respect to 100 weight% of starting materials. When the content of feldspar is less than 3% by weight, it is difficult to obtain the desired porosity by the macropores. When the content of the feldspar exceeds 30% by weight, the size of the macropores is too large and the porosity by the macropores is too large for water purification. May not be suitable. The particle size of the feldspar is preferably about 0.5 to 5 mm in consideration of the pore size of the macropores.

It is preferable that a silica sand contains 15 to 47 weight% with respect to 100 weight% of starting materials. When the content of silica sand is less than 15% by weight, the effect of strengthening the strength by maintaining the skeleton of the ceramic porous body is not so great. It is preferable that the particle size of silica sand is about 300-600 micrometers.

In the case of forming diatomaceous earth, silica sand, and feldspar as starting materials, it is preferable to use a solvent by dissolving a binder in a solvent because molding is difficult. The binder may include polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium silicate, polyvinyl butyral (PVB), methyl cellulose, cellulose such as ethyl cellulose, Starch and the like can be used.

10 to 50% of the binder by weight is completely dissolved in a solvent (for example, distilled water) to form a binder solution, and then sprayed into the mixture of starting materials at a constant rate using a sprayer.

The ceramic porous body may be manufactured by varying a molding method and a binder used according to a shape to be molded. When molding the mixture of the starting raw material and the binder solution, it can be produced in various shapes such as spherical, cylindrical, tubular, and the like.

The shaped body is made into the desired shape and then the drying process is performed. The drying process may be performed by drying in air for 1 to 48 hours, followed by drying in an oven at 60 to 80 ° C. At a temperature of 80 ° C. or higher, some binders may cause thermal decomposition, and it is preferable to maintain the temperature at 80 ° C. or lower.

The completely dried molded body is subjected to a firing process at a temperature of 1100 to 1400 ° C. It heats up to 400-800 degreeC at the temperature increase rate of 1 degree per minute, hold | maintains for 10 minutes-10 hours, and burns out the binder used for shaping | molding. After the temperature is raised to a temperature of 1100 ~ 1400 ℃ to hold for 1 to 10 hours to bake and then cooled by. When thermal decomposition occurs slowly due to the large molecular weight among the binders used, it is desirable to completely remove the binders by injecting air into the kiln or by forced exhaust using a fan. Pyrite is a mineral having a layered structure, and the chemical formula is (MgFe, Al) ₃ (Al, Si) ₄ O ₁₀ (OH) _{2 to} 4H ₂ O. It acts as a factor in forming large pores.

The ceramic porous body for water purification thus prepared has a density in the range of 1.0 to 1.2 g / cm 3, porosity in the range of 42 to 52%, and specific surface area in the range of 20 to 50 m 2 / g. In addition, the ceramic porous body has a nano-pores (nanopore) of 20 ~ 200nm size, micropores of 1 ~ 200㎛ size and macropores of 500㎛ ~ 2㎜ size, such nanopores, Micropores and macropores can effectively purify water quality.

The invention is described in more detail with reference to the following examples, which do not limit the invention.

≪ Example 1 >

Diatomaceous earth, silica sand and feldspar were mixed as starting materials.

In order to manufacture a spherical specimen was used a penis as shown in FIG. The penis can control the size of the molded body to be formed by adjusting the rotational speed and the inclination angle. Diatomaceous earth, silica sand and feldspar were mixed at a weight ratio of 70: 20: 5 to about 1000 g of starting material and then administered to the penis slanted at about 45 °, followed by rotation at a speed of about 60 rpm and mixed in a dry state for 3 minutes.

In the case of diatomaceous earth, silica sand and feldspar, it was difficult to form with water alone, so that a binder was dissolved in distilled water. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as the binder. 10 to 50% of the binder by weight was completely dissolved in distilled water to form a binder solution, and then sprayed onto the starting materials of diatomaceous earth, silica sand and feldspar using a spraying machine. That is, after dry mixing the starting materials, the globules were continuously rotated at a speed of 60 rpm and the binder solution was sprayed at a constant speed to produce a spherical shaped body.

The spherical shaped bodies were dried in air for 24 hours and then completely dried in an oven at 80 ° C.

The completely dried spherical shaped body was fired at a temperature of 1200 ° C. The temperature was raised to 800 ° C. at a rate of 1 ° C. per minute and maintained for 5 hours to burn out the binder used during molding. Thereafter, the temperature was raised to a temperature of 1200 ° C., maintained for 2 hours, and calcined, followed by cooling. In order to promote thermal decomposition of the binder, air was introduced into the kiln to completely remove the binder.

3 and 4 are scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of the ceramic porous body for water purification thus prepared.

3 and 4, in the ceramic porous body, nanopores having a size of 20 to 200 nm, micropores having a size of 1 to 200 μm and macropores having a size of 500 μm to 2 mm are included. It can be seen that it is formed. The ceramic porous body of the present invention is expected to be able to effectively purify the water quality by such nano-pores, micro-pores and macropores. Diatomaceous earth used in the ceramic porous body has a porous structure, it is presumed to form nano-pores with their own characteristics and micropores with a size of 1 ~ 200㎛ by the aggregate of diatomaceous earth particles. As shown in FIG. 4, diatomaceous earth has fine pores due to its structural characteristics, silica sand plays a role in forming a skeleton of a ceramic porous body, and feldspar is considered to have formed large pores due to expansion characteristics.

<Example 2>

90 wt% of diatomaceous earth and 10 wt% of feldspar were mixed as starting materials.

In the case of diatomaceous earth and feldspar, it was difficult to form with water alone, so that a binder was dissolved in distilled water. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as the binder. 10 to 50% of the binder by weight was completely dissolved in distilled water to form a binder solution, and then sprayed onto the starting material of diatomaceous earth and feldspar using a sprayer at a constant rate. 2 parts by weight of a binder was added to 100 parts by weight of water and 100 parts by weight of solids based on 100 parts by weight of a mixture of diatomaceous earth, feldspar and a binder solution. The mixture thus prepared was first mixed with a kneader. Cylindrical shaped bodies were prepared by secondary mixing in a refining machine.

A refining machine was used to produce a cylindrical shaped body. Diatomaceous earth, feldspar and binder solution were first mixed with a kneader, then charged into a refining machine, and passed through a mold of the refining machine to produce a cylindrical shaped body.

Cylindrical shaped bodies formed through a refining machine were dried in air for 24 hours and then completely dried in an oven at 80 ° C.

The completely dried cylindrical shaped body was fired at a temperature of 1200 ° C. The temperature was raised to 800 ° C. at a rate of 1 ° C. per minute and maintained for 5 hours to burn out the binder used during molding. Thereafter, the temperature was raised to a temperature of 1200 ° C., maintained for 2 hours, calcined, and then cooled by furnace. In order to promote thermal decomposition of the binder, air was introduced into the kiln to completely remove the binder.

<Example 3>

70 wt% of diatomaceous earth and 30 wt% of silica were used as starting materials and mixed.

In the case of diatomaceous earth and siliceous sand, it is difficult to form with water alone, and a binder was dissolved in distilled water. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as the binder. 10 to 50% of the binder by weight was completely dissolved in distilled water to form a binder solution, and then sprayed onto the diatomaceous earth and the starting material of the diatomaceous earth at a constant rate using a sprayer. 30 parts by weight of water and 2 parts by weight of binder relative to solids were added to the mixture of diatomaceous earth, silica sand and binder solution. The mixture thus prepared was first mixed with a kneader.

A refining machine was used to produce a tube shaped molded body. Diatomaceous earth, silica sand and binder solution was first mixed with a kneader, then charged into a refining machine and passed through a mold of the refining machine to form a tube-shaped molded body.

The shaped body in the form of a tube formed through a scouring machine was dried in air for 24 hours and then completely dried in an oven at 80 ° C.

The molded article in the form of a tube completely dried was calcined at a temperature of 1200 ° C. The temperature was raised to 800 ° C. at a rate of 1 ° C. per minute and maintained for 5 hours to burn out the binder used during molding. Thereafter, the temperature was raised to a temperature of 1200 ° C., maintained for 2 hours, calcined, and then cooled by furnace. In order to promote thermal decomposition of the binder, air was introduced into the kiln to completely remove the binder.

As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described in detail, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation by a person of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the technical idea of this invention is carried out. This is possible.

1 is a graph illustrating changes in density and porosity of a ceramic porous body according to a mixture ratio of diatomaceous earth and silica sand.

2 is a photograph showing the penis.

3 and 4 are scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of the ceramic porous body for water purification.

Claims (8)

delete delete delete Using diatomaceous earth, feldspar and silica sand as starting materials, and mixing 50 to 82% by weight of diatomaceous earth, 3 to 30% by weight of feldspar and 15 to 47% by weight of silica based on 100% by weight of the starting material; Dissolving the binder in a solvent to form a binder solution, and then spraying the mixed starting material; Molding the mixture sprayed with the binder solution into a shaped body of a desired shape; Drying the molded body; And The dried molded body was charged into a kiln, heated to 400-800 ° C. and held for 10 minutes to 10 hours to burn off the binder, and heated to a temperature of 1100 to 1400 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours, followed by firing. Include, The prepared ceramic porous body has a density in the range of 1.0 to 1.2 g / cm 3 and a porosity in the range of 42 to 52%, and includes a first surface of the ceramic porous body, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the first surface. In the bulk region between the surface and the second surface, a plurality of nano pores having a diameter of 20 to 200 nm, a plurality of micro pores having a diameter of 1 to 200 μm and a plurality of large pores having a diameter of 500 μm to 2 mm are formed. Method for producing a ceramic porous body for water purification. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising injecting air into the kiln or forcibly evacuating by using a fan to promote thermal decomposition of the binder. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein the binder is dissolved in a weight ratio of 10 to 50% with respect to a solvent to form the binder solution, wherein the binder is polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium silicate, polyvinyl butyral, cellulose or starch. Method for producing a ceramic porous body for water purification, characterized in that using a. The method for producing a ceramic porous body for water purification according to claim 4, wherein diatomaceous earth having a particle size in the range of 1 to 50 µm and feldspar having a particle size in the range of 0.5 to 5 mm are used. delete

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