KR101203372B1 - Cutting tool and cutting insert - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a four-sided cutting insert having a top surface 3, a bottom surface 5, and a pair of first side surfaces 11 connected to a pair of second side surfaces 13 via a corner surface. It is about 1). The opposite corner of the cutting insert has a first pair of corner edges 19 formed between the first edge 15 and the associated second edge 17. The first edge has a main portion extending inward toward the first axis (alpha) at a first angle when viewed from above of the insert, near the tip of the first edge. When viewed from the side, the first edge is inclined downward from the corner edge in the direction of the base surface. The associated second edge as seen from above of the insert extends outwardly with respect to the second axis β from the corner edge.

Cutting tool, cutting insert, insert holder, cutting edge, 90 ° shoulder

Description

Cutting tools and cutting inserts {CUTTING TOOL AND CUTTING INSERT}

The present invention relates to a cutting insert and to a holder for such a cutting insert as well as to a combination of a holder and one or more such cutting inserts. The invention also relates to a method of forming a cutting insert and / or the use of such cutting inserts and / or holders and / or a method of designing a cutting insert for a holder.

In particular cutting inserts for cutting metal and holders for such cutting inserts are known in the art. Such cutting inserts and holders, also known as cutting tools, are typically used for rotary cutting operations such as drilling, milling and the like.

For example, rotary cutting tools are known that mill 90 ° shoulders on a workpiece. Such a tool is generally designed to secure a cutting member having a lateral cutting edge, which lateral cutting edge is cylindrical or substantially cylindrical and generates a rotational area diagram substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the cutting tool, which results in 90 The shoulder can be milled.

However, stability problems can be raised when such cutting inserts or cutting tools are used in harsh machining conditions due to the large magnitude of cutting forces potentially created by the harsh conditions of the cutting process. In particular, the cutting force of the rotary cutting tool described above comprises the total sum of the torques of the respective cutting inserts generated during milling the workpiece, the torque being the cylindrical force of the cutting edges and the respective cutting edges acting on the respective cutting edges. It is the product of the radius of the area diagram. Thus, employing the lateral cutting edge of the cutting tool results in a greater magnitude of cutting force than, for example, employing a face cutting edge. In addition, excessive loads and / or vibrations may be generated in the cutting member and / or the cutting tool. In addition, damage may occur to the machined surface of the workpiece. These problems can limit the use of conventional cutting members and / or cutting tools.

Thus, the cutting members have been designed to quickly remove large amounts of material on the workpiece to facilitate cutting even in the presence of harsh conditions. In this machining operation the cutting depth can be potentially shallow, for example up to 2 mm per cutter tooth, while the lateral feed rate is very high, for example from 3 mm to 4 mm per cutter tooth. Such inserts may be rough, for example, deep pockets formed in solid metal workpieces that are commonly referred to as "tubs", ie, die and mold manufacturing industries. It is very effective for rough machining. The main cutting edge of such a cutting member can be arranged adjacent to the front of the cutting tool and potentially extend transverse to the axis of rotation of the cutting tool.

It is known that the longitudinal edges of the cutting inserts are potentially released from the sidewalls of the machined workpiece in order to facilitate cutting even under severe conditions, releasing excessive loads and / or vibrations on the cutting tool. To achieve this it is known to design special tools with inclined insert pockets, wherein the cutting inserts located in these specially manufactured inclined pockets have lateral edges released from the sidewalls of the workpiece.

In US Pat. No. 5,052,863, in the use of a peripheral rotary milling cutter having a cylindrical holder and at least one cutting insert replaceable and disposed at the periphery, the cutting insert is formed with a lateral cutting edge, the lateral cutting The blade is curved to form a portion of the curved side of the inclined plane, the inclined plane being lateral cut at an angle corresponding to the axial rake of the lateral cutting edge in the cutting member mounted to the milling cutter. It is known to intersect the cylinder which constitutes the rotating surface of the blade.

In US Pat. No. 5,071,292, in the use of a peripheral rotary milling cutter having a cylindrical insert and a cutting insert disposed with at least one replaceable peripheral edge, the cutting insert has a continuously curved relief flank surface. It is known that the insert rake and relief angle formed from the cutting rake and formed relative to the cylindrical holder remain substantially unaltered along the length of the cutting edge.

In US Pat. No. 5,078,550, in the use of a peripheral rotary milling cutter having a cylindrical insert and at least one replaceable peripherally arranged cutting insert, a side relief flank comprising first and second component side relief surfaces is provided. It is known to have a first and second component side relief surface intersecting the cutting edge from a first position adjacent the leading end of the insert and located at an intermediate position of the insert and a second position adjacent to the rear end of the insert. Intersect at an intersecting line extending along the furnace side relief flanks, the component flank surfaces being substantially planar and angled to each other so that the insert side relief angles formed with respect to the cylindrical holder in the area of the leading end are the trailing area. It is known to be equal to the insert side relief angle within.

In US Pat. No. 5,145,295, in the use of a peripheral rotary cutter having a cylindrical insert and a cutting insert disposed with at least one replaceable peripheral edge, the cutting insert is formed with a relief flank surface, the relief flank surface being cut A first portion formed between the blade and the intermediate portion of the relief flank surface, and a second portion formed between the intermediate portion and the base of the insert, the first portion providing a first relief flank angle, the The second portion provides a second relief flank angle, wherein the relief flank angle is the second relief when the intermediate portion connecting the first and second portions is induced transversely with respect to the first and second portions. It is known to be significantly larger than the flank angle.

In US Pat. No. 5,207,538, in the use of a peripheral rotary milling cutter having a cylindrical insert and a cutting insert disposed with at least one replaceable peripheral edge, the cutting insert is formed with a relief flank surface, the relief flank surface being A first portion formed between the cutting edge and the intermediate portion of the relief flank surface, and a second portion formed between the intermediate portion and the base of the insert, the first portion providing a first relief flank angle, The second portion provides a second relief flank angle and the first relief flank angle is determined when the intermediate portion connecting the first and second portions is laterally directed relative to the first and second portions. It is known to be significantly larger than the second relief flank angle.

For example, as shown in FIG. 14 of US Pat. No. 5,145,295 and US Pat. No. 5,207,538, each cutting insert has an axis of rotation of a rotary milling cutter for which the lateral cutting edges machine 90 ° shoulders in the workpiece. Mounted on the holder so as to be parallel to it.

US 4,708,537 describes a metal cutting tool having a replaceable cutting insert, the replaceable cutting insert being mounted on a replaceable cartridge seat releasably fitted in a holder of the cutting tool, each cutting tool The insert clamped in is positioned to provide a lateral cutting edge parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotary cutting tool to enable milling of 90 ° shoulders in the workpiece.

EP 1 075 889 relates to a rotary cutting tool having at least one indexable insert, the insert having a major cutting edge and an outer peripheral cutting edge. The main cutting edge is inclined at the cutting edge angle and is shaped like a circular arc or a real circular arc and the outer peripheral cutting edge is shaped like a straight line, circular arc or substantially circular arc and back tapered about the central axis of the tool. tapered). Each arrangement is discussed as suppressing chattering-vibration and realizing stable and high efficiency operation.

U. S. Patent 5,460, 464 relates to a cutting insert comprising a lateral cutting edge ridge inclined by an angle and a front cutting edge inclined at an angle with respect to a right angled base shape.

One aspect of the invention relates to a cutting insert. The cutting insert of the present invention includes opposing top and bottom surfaces, and peripheral sides extending between the top and bottom surfaces. The peripheral side includes an opposing first side that is connected to the opposing second side. Each of the first side and the second side includes at least one contact surface portion suitable for seating the cutting insert. The upper peripheral edge is formed between the peripheral side and the upper surface. The upper peripheral edge includes an opposing first edge at the intersection of the first side and the top surface and an opposing second edge at the intersection of the second side and the top surface, wherein the two opposing first edges Extends transversely to two opposing second edges. Also, the upper peripheral edge includes a first pair of first corner edges diagonally opposite, each first corner edge formed between the leading edge of the first edge and the associated second edge. Further, the upper peripheral edge includes a second pair of second corner edges diagonally opposed, each second corner edge formed between a rear end of the first edge and an adjacent second edge. The cutting insert has an axis of symmetry (S) extending through the opposing top and bottom surfaces, with the insert having a 180 ° rotational symmetry about this axis, the first axis (A) being perpendicular to the axis of symmetry (S) and cutting insert When viewed from above and below the sieve extends generally parallel to the first edge, the second axis B is perpendicular to both the axis of symmetry S and the first axis A and extends along the second side and extends to the first side. It is transverse. A hypothetical first edge tangent (A'-A ') comprising a first edge contact of the first edge parallel to the first axis A as viewed from above of the cutting insert of the present invention and near the associated first corner edge. With respect to, each first edge converges inwardly at a first angle α towards the first axis and in the direction of the associated second corner edge. In addition, with respect to the virtual second edge tangent (B'-B ') which includes a second edge contact in parallel with the second axis B and near the associated second corner edge as viewed from above of the insert, The two edges converge inwardly at a second angle β towards the second axis B and in the direction of the adjacent first corner edge. Further, each of the at least one contact surface portion is spaced apart from the associated first or second edge of the contact surface portion and has an orientation independent of the orientation of the associated first or second edge of the contact surface portion.

When viewed from the side of the cutting insert, the first corner edge may comprise a portion farther from the bottom surface than all portions of the first edge.

The second edge may be generally parallel to the bottom surface.

At least a portion of each first edge, second edge, and first corner edge is a cutting edge.

The second angle β may be between 0 ° and 40 °, more preferably between 18 ° and 22 °.

The first angle α can be 1 ° to 6 °, more preferably 2.5 ° to 3.5 °.

When viewed from the side of the cutting insert, each of the first side surfaces includes a first relief surface portion extending downwardly from the vicinity of the first edge portion and a first lower surface portion portion extending upwardly from the vicinity of the bottom surface, wherein the first contact surface portion is formed with the first relief surface portion. Located between the first lower surface portion. On the other hand, when viewed from the end of the cutting insert, each of the second side surfaces includes a second relief surface portion extending downward from the vicinity of the second edge portion and a second lower surface portion portion extending upward from the bottom surface portion, and the second contact surface portion is the second relief portion. Located between the face portion and the second lower face portion.

Each of the contact surface portion, the relief surface portion and the lower surface portion may be oriented differently with respect to the axis of symmetry S.

Each first side may be generally parallel to the first axis A, and each second side may be generally parallel to the second axis B. FIG.

The first bottom edge formed at the intersection of the opposing first side surface and the bottom surface may be generally parallel to the first contact surface portion. The second bottom portion formed at the intersection of the opposing second side surface and the bottom surface may be generally parallel to the second contact surface portion.

The cutting insert may have a clamping bore formed between the top and bottom surfaces to receive the clamping screw.

The first contact surface portion and the second contact surface portion may be arranged at approximately right angles to each other.

The bottom surface may form a base contact surface that is generally perpendicular to the first and second contact surface portions.

As seen from above, the first edge contact forms the furthest point of the cutting insert with respect to the first axis A and is closer to the first corner edge than the second corner edge. On the other hand, the second edge contact forms the furthest point of the cutting insert with respect to the second axis B, and is closer to the second corner edge than the first corner edge.

In another aspect the invention relates to a cutting tool comprising a holder for holding therein a cutting insert of the kind described above.

The tool has a longitudinal axis of rotation C that defines an axial forward (F) direction and an axial rear (R) direction. The holder has a front face and at least one pocket in which the cutting insert of the invention is held. The effective first edge of the cutting insert functions as a lateral cutting edge, the effective second edge of the cutting insert functions as a front cutting edge protruding beyond the front facing portion of the holder, and the effective first edge and the effective second edge The effective first corner edge between the protrusions protrudes beyond the radius of the holder, the effective first edge is inclined with respect to the axis of rotation C of the tool and extends axially rearward and radially inward from the effective first corner edge, The second edge is inclined with respect to the imaginary plane P3 extending perpendicular to the axis of rotation C of the tool and extends axially forward and radially inward from the effective first corner edge.

The effective first edge is a longitudinal relief angle α ′ between 0 ° and 10 ° with a second virtual plane that tapers radially inward and axially back and extends parallel to the axis of rotation C of the tool. A lateral rotational area diagram can be generated that includes a front lateral portion that forms a portion and a rear lateral portion that is generally cylindrical.

The longitudinal relief angle α 'may be approximately 3 °.

The first corner edge may protrude beyond the radial range by approximately 0.1 mm to 0.75 mm, more preferably by about 0.25 mm beyond the radial range.

The effective second edge forms a forward angle β 'of 0 ° to 45 ° with respect to the imaginary plane P3 that tapers radially outwardly and axially back and extends perpendicular to the axis of rotation C of the tool. A second rotation area diagram can be generated.

The forward angle β 'may be between 10 ° and 35 °, more preferably between 18 ° and 22 °.

Reference is made to the accompanying drawings in order to better understand the present invention and to illustrate how the present invention may be practiced.

1 is a partial side view of a known cutting tool with a known holder having a known cutting insert of the prior art securely fixed therein.

2 is a side view of a cutting tool according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention having a known holder and at least one cutting insert according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention that is retained therein.

3 is a perspective view of the cutting tool shown in FIG. 2.

4 is a perspective view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 2.

5 is a plan view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 4. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view of the cutting insert of FIG. 6 taken along line VII-VII. FIG.

8 is a bottom view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 4.

9 is an end view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. 4.

10 is a perspective view of the pocket of the known holder shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the holder shown in FIG. 2, with both the insert known in the art as shown in FIG. 1 and the contour of the insert according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention as shown in FIG. 2. Shows overlapping contours of.

12 is a schematic side view of an area diagram generated by the cutting tool shown in FIG. 2 taken in a plane extending through the axis of rotation of the cutting tool.

1 shows a known cutting insert 61 clamped in a known insert receiving pocket 72 formed in a known holder 70 in the shoulder milling process of a workpiece 51. Known insert receiving pockets 72, known holders 70 and known cutting inserts 61 as shown in FIG. 1 are known in the art and are 90 ° shouldered to the workpiece 51. A known rotary cutting tool 63 for milling 53 is formed. As seen from the side of the known holder 70, the known insert 61 is mounted to the known holder 70 and is 90 ° shoulder 53 parallel to the longitudinal axis of rotation C of the known cutting tool 63. Provides a relief 65 open toward the front portion 78 of the holder 70 along the radially outer lateral cutting edge 67. The distance between the rotation axis C of the known cutting tool 63 and the 90 ° shoulder 53 is the cutting radius R1 of the cutting tool 63.

2 and 3 show a known holder 70 having at least one known insert receiving pocket 72 (in this particular embodiment with three known insert receiving pockets 72). A new cutting tool 64 is shown for inclusion. However, the number of insert receiving pockets may vary. Each known pocket 72 in the new cutting tool 64 receives a new cutting insert 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Each new cutting insert is releasably secured to the pocket 72 by clamping bolts 74 in an exemplary manner. However, other clamping means can be employed. Thus, the holder 70 and the new cutting insert 1 form a new cutting tool 64 having a longitudinal axis of rotation C forming an axial forward direction F and an axial rearward direction R. .

Reference is now made to FIGS. 4 to 9. The new cutting insert 1 comprises a top face 3 and a bottom face 5 as well as a peripheral side 7 extending between the top face 3 and the bottom face 5. The peripheral side 7 has at least two opposing first (major) side 11 and two opposing second (part) side 13. The upper peripheral edge 9 is formed at the intersection of the peripheral side surface 7 and the upper surface 3. In addition, portions of the upper peripheral edge 9 are referred to as a first (major) edge 15 and a second (part) edge 17. In particular, the new cutting insert 1 of the exemplary embodiment has at least two first edges 15 formed at the intersection of the at least two first side surfaces 11 and the upper surface 3, and at least two. At least two second edges 17 formed at the intersection of the second side surfaces 13 and the upper surface 3.

Each second side 13 extends out from the first side 11 which follows, into the leading first side 11. Each second side 13 merges with the first side 11 that follows through the first corner 41 and the first side 11 that leads through the second corner 43. The first corner surface 41 intersects the upper surface at the first corner edge 19, and the second corner surface 43 intersects the upper surface 3 at the second corner edge 25. Thus, each second edge 17 meets and follows the first edge 15 at the first corner edge 19 and therefrom at the transition from the second edge 17 to the preceding first edge 15. It extends to the formed 2nd corner edge 25. As best shown in the side view of FIG. 6, the given first edge 15 extends from the associated first corner edge 19, which is initially parallel to the bottom surface 5. After being extended, it is inclined in the direction toward the bottom surface 5 and eventually inclines from the bottom surface 5 toward the associated second corner edge 25. Therefore, each first edge 15 has a wavy shape when viewed from the side of the cutting insert 1. Each first edge is at a maximum distance from the bottom surface 5 adjacent to the associated first corner edge 19 and at a minimum distance from the bottom surface 5 adjacent to the associated second corner edge 25. The first corner 19 comprises a portion farther from the bottom surface 5 than all portions of the first edge 15. As best shown in the end view of FIG. 9, the second edge 17 of the exemplary embodiment is substantially parallel to the bottom surface 5. Optionally, however, the second edge 17 may instead be inclined in either the direction away from the bottom surface 5 or towards the bottom surface 5 as it extends from the associated first corner edge 19. Can be.

The new cutting insert 1 has an opposite top surface 3 which is generally perpendicular to the bottom surface 5 and an axis of symmetry S extending through the bottom surface 5. The new cutting insert 1 of a given embodiment may have a 180 ° rotational symmetry with respect to the axis of symmetry S and is bi-directional with respect to the axis of symmetry S when it is releasably fixed in the insert receiving pocket 72. It is configured to be two-way-indexable.

The given insert 1 has an optionally substantially perpendicular or substantially parallelogram shape when viewed from above, and has a first (major) axis (A) and a first axis (A) and an axis of symmetry (S) perpendicular to the axis of symmetry (S). It may have a second (minor) axis B that is perpendicular to all. In the exemplary embodiment shown as best shown in FIGS. 5 and 8, the second axis B extends generally transversely to the first edge 15, while the first axis A is the first. Extend generally parallel to the edge 15.

The first axis A and the second axis B form a first virtual plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry S and generally parallel to the top surface 3 and the bottom surface 5. The first axis A and the axis of symmetry S form a second imaginary plane which is perpendicular to the second axis B so as to be generally perpendicular to the top surface 3 and the bottom surface 5. Finally, the second axis B and the axis of symmetry S form a third imaginary plane which is perpendicular to the first axis A and is generally perpendicular to the top surface 3 and the bottom surface 5.

As best shown in FIG. 2, one of the at least two first edges 15 is radial in each indexable position of a given insert 1 in the insert receiving pocket 72 of the holder 70. It is an outer (effective) first edge 15o and the other of the at least two first edges is a radially inner (invalid) first edge 15i. In addition, one of the two opposing second edges is an axially forward (effective) second edge 17f and the other of the two opposing second edges 17 is an axial rear (invalid) edge 2 edges 17r.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the given insert 1 is mounted in a given indexable position in the holder 70, the axially front effective second edge 17f is formed from the front outer second corner 25fi from the front outer second corner 25fi. It extends to one corner 19fo. When a given insert 1 is naturally rotated by 180 ° in the insert receiving pocket 72, the first edge 15, which was previously a radially outer effective first edge, is now radially inner ineffective first edge. And the second edge 17, which was previously an axial forward effective second edge, is now an axial rear ineffective second edge. Similarly, when indexed, the first corner edge 19, formerly the front outer first corner 19fo, becomes the rear inner first corner 19ri, and the second, which was formerly the front inner second corner 25fi. The corner edge 25 is now the rear outer second corner 25ro. At each indexable position, the radially outer effective first edge 15o extends axially forward from the rear outer second corner 25ro to the front outer first corner 19fo, and the axial front effective second edge 17f extends from the front outer effective first corner 19fo to the front inner second corner 25fi, and the radially inner first edge 15i extends from the front inner second corner 25fi.

As shown in the plan view of FIG. 5, each first edge 15 has a first edge main portion 15m near the tip 15l of the first edge 15. The first edge main part 15m extends in a first orientation with respect to the first axis A at the first main part angle α. In particular, the first edge main portion 15m is a direction away from the associated first corner edge 19 at the major angle angle α with respect to the imaginary first edge tangent A'-A 'with respect to the first edge 15. Extending from the first edge contact 519 parallel to the first axis A and near the associated first corner edge 19. Meet). The main angle α is in the range of approximately 1 ° to 10 ° when viewed from above the insert 1, more preferably approximately 3 ° when viewed from above the given insert 1.

As shown in the plan view of FIG. 5, the first edge contact 519 forms the furthest point of the cutting insert with respect to the first axis A and is the first corner edge 19 than the second corner edge 25. Closer to

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, each first edge 15 also has a first edge assistant 15s near the rear end 15t of the first edge. The first edge auxiliary part 15s extends from the first edge main part 15m and is slightly inclined with respect to the first edge main part 15m. The first edge assistant 15s extends into adjacent second corner edges 25 in a direction substantially parallel to the first axis A such that each first edge 15 has a slightly bent section. It is concave when seen from the top of (1). The first edge main portion 15m is a straight section when viewed from above and extends to where it begins to bend approximately slightly from the first edge contact 519.

Each first corner edge 19 is formed between the main portion 15m of the first edge 15 at the leading edge 15l of the first edge and the associated second edge 17. Similarly, each second corner edge 25 is formed between the auxiliary portion 15s of the first edge 15 at the rear end 15t of the first edge and the adjacent second edge 17.

Each second edge 17 is in a second orientation with respect to the second axis B at a second angle β open toward the associated first corner edge 19 when viewed from above a given insert 1. Is extended. In particular, each second edge 17 has its associated first corner edge 19 at a second angle β with respect to the virtual second edge tangent B'-B 'with respect to the second edge 17. Extending from the second edge tangential B'-B 'parallel to the second axis B and at the second edge contact 525 near the second corner edge 25, the second edge 17. Meet with The second angle β may range from approximately 0 ° to 45 °, more preferably 10 ° to 35 °. Optionally each second edge 17 can be convex when viewed from above a given insert 1.

As shown in the front view of FIG. 5, the second edge contact 525 forms the furthest point of the cutting insert with respect to the second axis B, and has a second corner edge than the first corner edge 19. Closer to 25).

Each first corner edge 19 is generally convex when viewed from above a given insert 1 (see FIG. 5) and the insert 1 given from the adjacent second edge 17 to the adjacent first edge 15. And extend substantially parallel to the bottom surface 5 of FIG. 9 (see FIG. 9). Each second corner edge 25 is generally convex when viewed from above a given insert 1, and the bottom surface of the insert 1 given from the adjacent first edge 15 to the adjacent second edge 17 ( 5) extending in the direction away from.

As best seen in FIG. 8, the peripheral side 7 forms a bottom peripheral edge 45 at the transition with the bottom surface 5 of the peripheral side 7. The portion of the bottom peripheral edge 45 is also referred to as the first bottom edge 46 and the second bottom edge 47. In particular, a given insert 1 has at least two bottom first edges 46 formed at the intersection of at least two first side surfaces 11 and a bottom surface 5, and at least two second side surfaces ( 13) and at least two bottom second edges 47 formed at the intersection of the bottom surface 5. At least a portion 46 'of each first bottom edge 46 is generally parallel to a first axis A, and at least a portion 47' of each second bottom edge 47 is a second axis B. Generally parallel to).

Each of the first side surfaces 11 of a given insert 1 comprises at least one first contact surface portion 21, and each of the second side surfaces 13 of a given insert 1 has at least one second contact surface. And a portion 23. Contact surface portions 21, 23 provide a contact with the pocket. In addition, the first side 11 and the second side 13 include first and second relief surface portions 27, 29, respectively, wherein the first and second relief surface portions 27, 29 are respectively first and second. It extends downward in the direction of the bottom surface 5 from the vicinity of the second edges 15, 17. The bottom surface 5 of a given insert 1 forms a base contact surface that provides a contact with the pocket. In addition, the first side surface 11 and the second side surface 13 may include an optional first lower surface portion 31 and a second lower surface portion 33, respectively, the first lower surface portion 31 and the second side surface. The lower surface portion 33 extends upward from the vicinity of the bottom surface 5.

Each of the at least one contact surface portions 21, 23 may be spaced apart by at least the relief surfaces 27, 29 from each of the associated cutting edges 15, 17 of the contact surface portions 21, 23, respectively. The contact surface portions 21, 23 have an orientation different from that of the associated relief surfaces 27, 29 of the contact surface portions 21, 23. Therefore, each of the contact surface portions 21, 23 has an orientation independent of the orientation of the associated first edge 15 or second edge 17. Instead, the respective contact surface portions 21, 23 generally align with the respective associated first bottom edge 46 or second bottom edge 47. The contact surface portions 21, 23 may extend from the relief surface portions 27, 29 to the optional lower surface portions 31, 33 (if present) or the bottom surface 5.

In the given embodiment shown in FIGS. 2-6, 8 and 9, each of the contact surfaces 21 and 23 is shown only in an exemplary manner in shaded shades. However, each face is merely an example and may have different positions and geometric extensions than shown.

A given insert 1 is provided with a bottom surface (from the top surface 3) for clamping the insert in the holder 70 by means of bolts 74 known in the art, such as but not limited to clamping screws. It may optionally include a bore 35 extending to 5). However, in other embodiments it may be clamped by other methods well known in the art, such as wedges and / or levers or other clamping means. Furthermore, a given insert 1 is again tangential or " lay-down, " in which the clamping bore can extend between two opposing side facing portions of the insert, again in an exemplary manner. Can be "

Since a given insert 1 is designed to be releasably secured in the same pocket 72 of a known holder 70 in which a known insert 61 is received, a given insert 1 is a known insert. It is the same as the insert of the general form as (61). By way of example only, the present disclosure provides the insert 1 of the present invention with an insert called " Helimill® " manufactured and sold by Iscar®, and an insert called a " positive " insert. Similarly, but shown to be patentable. Therefore, again only by way of example, a given insert 1 may also be of the "positive" type, with the peripheral side surface 7 optionally inclined downward inwards from the top surface 3 to the bottom surface 5. . However, in order to facilitate clamping the insert 1 given in the same known holder 70 which can accommodate the known insert 61, the parts of the second side 13, namely the relief face part. It can be clearly seen that the 29, the contact 23 and the optional lower face 33 have different orientations or inclinations, in particular with respect to the bottom face 5. Correspondingly, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, the first side portions, that is, the relief surface portion 27, the radial contact surface portion 21 and the optional lower surface portion 31 have different inclinations or orientations. I can see it clearly.

10 shows a known holder having at least one insert pocket 72, at least one chip groove portion 76 associated with at least one insert pocket 72, and a front facing portion 78. 70 is schematically shown. In this particular embodiment the holder 70 has two insert receiving pockets 72. The pocket 72 of the holder 70 comprises three support surfaces 80, 82, 84 which contactly support each of the contact surfaces 21, 5, 23 of a given insert 1. In particular, each of the support surfaces 80, 82, and 84 contacts and supports one of the contact surfaces 21, 5, 23 of a given insert 1 supported. The axial support surface 84 of the holder 70 contacts the axial contact surface portion 23 of the second side 13 of the given insert 1 and contacts the given insert 1 in the pocket 72. Designed to provide axial support for the radial support surface 80, the radial support surface 80 is designed to contact support the radial contact surface portion 21 provided on the first side 11 of a given insert 1, and the base The support surface 82 is designed to contact support the bottom surface 5 of a given insert 1. The pocket 72 of the holder 70 can potentially have a hole or bore 75 for receiving a clamping bolt (not shown). However, other clamping means and mechanisms may be provided in the pocket as described above, or, for example, the radial support surface 80 and / or the axial support surface of the pocket 72 in the case of abutting inserts. 84 may have, for example, a hole or bore for receiving the clamping bolt.

FIG. 11 shows the configuration according to FIG. 1 described above, in which the contours of the insert 1 of the invention overlap. Preferably the holder 70 has at least one pocket for receiving 90 ° shoulder milling of the known cutting insert 61. Optionally the same pocket 72 can also accommodate a given insert 1.

When the insert 1 is seated in the holder 70 of the prior art, the foremost point 525 'of the insert 1 is found on the radially inward side of the axial front second edge 17f. In this position, the axially forward effective second edge 17f can project axially forward over the face portion 78 of the holder 70 and function as a front cutting edge. The effective front outer first corner edge 19fo protrudes beyond the radius range 71 of the holder 70. The first edge main portion 15m is inclined relative to the axis of rotation C of the holder 70 and radially inwards towards the holder 70 while extending axially back away from the front outer first cutting corner edge 19fo. Converge. The first edge assistant 15s is generally cylindrical and generally parallel to the radius range 71.

As shown in FIG. 12, the effective second edge 17f is inclined with respect to the imaginary plane P3 extending at right angles to the rotational axis C of the holder 70. The effective second edge 17f also extends axially forward and radially inward from the effective first corner edge 19fo.

The effective radially outer first edge 15o of the cutting insert generates a lateral rotational area diagram 91 extending axially rearward as shown in FIG. 12. The effective first edge main portion 15m generates the first lateral portion 93 of the lateral rotational area diagram 91 to produce a 90 ° shoulder 53 and a longitudinal relief angle α 'in the workpiece 51. The longitudinal relief angle α 'is preferably approximately 0 ° to 10 °, more preferably 2.5 ° to 3.5 ° and most preferably approximately 3 ° corresponding to the first angle α. . The lateral rotational area diagram has a second lateral portion 95 generated by an effective first edge auxiliary portion 15s that is generally parallel to the 90 ° shoulder 53 and is generally cylindrical.

The effective front outer first corner edge 19fo of a given insert 1 extends beyond the radius range 71 of the holder 70 in the radial direction of the tool 64 perpendicular to the axis of rotation C of the holder 70. To generate the cutting radius R2 of the tool 64. The cutting radius R2 of the tool 64 is about 0.1 mm to 0.75 mm, preferably about 0.25 mm larger than the cutting radius R1 of the tool 63 with a known insert 61. Compared to the holder 70 with the usual insert 61, the overall increase in cutting diameter is brought about by 0.5 mm. The tolerance between the first edge assistant 15s and the 90 ° shoulders 53 of the workpiece 51 may be about 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm and is preferably about 0.4 mm.

The effective axial front second edge 17f of a given insert 1 is tapered radially outward while extending axially rearward from the shoulder face portion 55 machined within the workpiece 51. The rotation area diagram 97 is generated. Preferably, the taper has a shoulder facing portion 55 of approximately 0 ° to 45 °, more preferably 10 ° to 35 °, even more preferably 18 ° to 22 °, most preferably about 20 °. Angle β '. Ideally the shoulder facing part 55 comprises the foremost point 525 'of the insert 1 which is held in a virtual plane P3 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of rotation C of the holder.

The second corner of the insert according to the present disclosure is designed to allow for the optional execution of a ramp-down operation, and the second side also provides a contact surface which provides axial support in the pocket of the holder. The rampdown capacity is increased by the highest difference between the bottom edge of the second corner edge and the adjacent longitudinal edge.

The cutting insert according to the present disclosure is preferably of sintered type and is preferably made of all known ceramic or sinterable metal-based metal alloys.

Inserts and / or tools according to the present disclosure provide a high feed rate machine by avoiding excessive power demands on the machine, excessive load on the cutting tool, vibration and chattering of the cutting tool, and damage to the machined surface of the workpiece. Machining can be made easy. Inserts according to the present disclosure can be applied to a variety of products that produce 90 ° shoulders in a workpiece, as well as inserts having a square or rectangular profile when a relief is required on the original cutting edge.

While the invention has been described to any particular extent, it should be understood that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the claims of the invention.

Claims (26)

Cutting insert (1), Opposing top surface 3 and bottom surface 5, A peripheral side surface 7 extending between the top surface 3 and the bottom surface 5, comprising opposing first side surfaces 11 connected to opposing second side surfaces 13, and comprising a first side surface 11. ) And the second side 13 are peripheral sides 7, each comprising one or more contact surface portions 21, 23 suitable for seating the cutting insert; As an upper peripheral edge 9 formed between the peripheral side surface 7 and the upper surface 3 Opposing first edges 15 at the intersection of the first side face 11 and the upper face 3, As opposing second edges 17 at the intersection of the second side face 13 and the upper surface 3, two opposing first edges 15 are transverse to two opposing second edges 17. Opposing second edges 17 extending to A first pair of first corner edges, diagonally opposite, respectively formed between the leading edge portion 15l of the first edge 15 and the associated second edge 17, An upper peripheral edge, comprising a second pair of diagonally opposite second corner edges 25 respectively formed between the rear end 15t of the first edge 15 and the adjacent second edge 17. 9) with, An axis of symmetry S extending through the opposing top surface 3 and the bottom surface 5, wherein the insert has a rotational symmetry 180 ° around this axis of symmetry S, and A first axis A perpendicular to the axis of symmetry S and extending parallel to the first edge 15 when viewed from above or below the cutting insert 1, A second axis B perpendicular to both the axis of symmetry S and the first axis A, extending along the second side and transverse to the first side, As viewed from above of the cutting insert, an imaginary first edge tangential parallel to the first axis A and comprising a first edge contact 519 of the first edge 15 near the associated first corner edge 19. For (A'-A '), each first edge 15 converges inwardly at a first angle α towards the first axis A and in the direction of the associated second corner edge 25, One or more contact surface portions 21, 23 are spaced apart from the first or second edges 15, 17 associated with the contact surface portions 21, 23, respectively, and viewed from above the cutting insert of the contact surface portions 21, 23. Each having a different orientation than that of the associated first or second edges 15, 17. Cutting inserts. The method of claim 1, When viewed from the side of the insert, the first corner edge 19 comprises a portion farther from the bottom surface 5 than all of the portions of the first edge 15. Cutting inserts. The method of claim 1, The second edge 17 is parallel to the bottom surface 5 Cutting inserts. The method of claim 1, At least a portion of each of the first edge 15, the second edge 17, and the first corner edge 19 is a cutting edge. Cutting inserts. The method of claim 1, When viewed from above of the insert, at the imaginary second edge tangent (B'-B ') parallel to the second axis (B) and comprising a second edge contact 525 near the associated second corner edge 25. In contrast, each second edge 17 converges inwardly toward a second axis B and in a second angle β of 0 ° to 40 ° in the direction of the adjacent first corner edge 19. Cutting inserts. The method of claim 5, The second angle β is 18 ° to 22 ° Cutting inserts. The method of claim 1, The first angle α is 1 ° to 6 ° Cutting inserts. The method of claim 7, wherein The first angle α is 2.5 ° to 3.5 ° Cutting inserts. The method of claim 1, As viewed from the side, each of the first side surfaces 11 includes a first relief surface portion 27 and a first lower surface portion 31, with the first relief surface portion 27 extending downward from the vicinity of the first edge 15. And the first lower surface portion 31 extends upwardly from the vicinity of the bottom surface 5, and the first contact surface portion 21 is located between the first relief surface portion 27 and the first lower surface portion 31, As viewed from the end, each of the second side surfaces 13 includes a second relief surface portion 29 and a second lower surface portion 33, with the second relief surface portion 29 extending downward from the vicinity of the second edge 17. And the second lower surface portion 33 extends upwardly from the vicinity of the bottom surface 5, and the second contact surface portion 23 is positioned between the second relief surface portion 29 and the second lower surface portion 33. Cutting inserts. 10. The method of claim 9, Each of the contact surface portions 21, 23, the relief surface portions 27, 29 and the lower surface portions 31, 33 are oriented differently with respect to the bottom surface 5. Cutting inserts. The method of claim 1, Each first side 11 is parallel to the first axis A, and each second side 13 is parallel to the second axis B. Cutting inserts. The method of claim 1, The first bottom edge 46 is formed at the intersection of the opposing first side 11 and the bottom surface 5 and is parallel to the first contact surface 21, The second bottom edge 47 is formed at the intersection of the opposing second side 13 and the bottom surface 5 and is parallel to the second contact surface portion 23. Cutting inserts. The method of claim 1, The cutting insert has a clamping bore 35 formed between the top surface 3 and the bottom surface 5 to receive the clamping screw. Cutting inserts. The method of claim 1, The first contact surface portion 21 and the second contact surface portion 23 are arranged at right angles to each other Cutting inserts. The method of claim 14, The bottom surface 5 forms a base contact surface perpendicular to the first contact surface portion 21 and the second contact surface portion 23. Cutting inserts. The method of claim 5, as viewed from above, The first edge contact 519 forms the furthest point of the cutting insert with respect to the first axis A and is closer to the first corner edge 19 than to the second corner edge 25, The second edge contact 525 forms the furthest point of the cutting insert with respect to the second axis B and is closer to the second corner edge 25 than to the first corner edge 19. Cutting inserts. Cutting tool 64, Holder 70, Comprising at least one cutting insert 1 according to claim 1 held in the holder. Cutting tool (64). 18. The method of claim 17, The tool 64 has a longitudinal axis of rotation C defining an axial forward F and axial rear R directions, The holder 70 has a front face 78 and at least one pocket 72 in which the cutting insert 1 is held, The effective first edge 15 of the cutting insert 1 functions as a lateral cutting edge, The effective second edge 17 of the cutting insert 1 functions as a front cutting edge projecting beyond the front surface 78 of the holder 70, The effective first corner edge 19 between the effective first edge 15 and the effective second edge 17 protrudes beyond the radius range 71 of the holder 70, The effective first edge 15 is inclined with respect to the axis of rotation C of the tool and extends axially rearward and radially inward from the effective first corner edge 19, The effective second edge 17 is inclined with respect to the imaginary plane P3 extending at right angles to the axis of rotation C of the tool, extending axially forward and radially inward from the effective first corner edge 19. Cutting tool (64). 19. The method of claim 18, The effective first edge 15 can generate a lateral rotational area diagram 91, The lateral rotation area diagram 91 is The front lateral portion which is tapered radially inwardly and axially rearward and forms a longitudinal relief angle α 'of 0 ° to 10 ° with a second virtual plane extending parallel to the axis of rotation C of the tool ( 93), Comprising a cylindrical back lateral portion 95 Cutting tool (64). 20. The method of claim 19, The longitudinal relief angle α 'is 3 ° Cutting tool (64). 20. The method of claim 19, The first corner edge 19 protrudes beyond the radius range 71 by 0.1 mm to 0.75 mm. Cutting tool (64). 22. The method of claim 21, The first corner protrudes beyond the radius range 71 by 0.25 mm. Cutting tool (64). 20. The method of claim 19, The effective second edge 17 is A second rotational region tapering radially outwardly and axially rearward, forming a forward angle β ′ of 0 ° to 45 ° with respect to the imaginary plane P3 extending perpendicular to the axis of rotation C of the tool. Which can generate a diagram 97 Cutting tool (64). 19. The method of claim 18, The effective second edge 17 is Rotatable region diagram tapered radially outwardly and axially rearward and forming a forward angle β 'of 0 ° to 45 ° with respect to the imaginary plane P3 extending perpendicular to the axis of rotation C of the tool ( 97) which can generate Cutting tool (64). 25. The method of claim 24, Anterior angle β 'is between 10 ° and 35 ° Cutting tool (64). 26. The method of claim 25, Anterior angle β 'is 18 ° to 22 ° Cutting tool (64).

Images