KR101192630B1 - Array substrate for In-Plane switching mode LCD - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; A data line and a gate line formed on the inner surface of the first substrate to define a pixel area so as to cross each other; A thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line; A plurality of common electrodes formed in the pixel region with an angle selected from -45 degrees to 45 degrees with respect to the gate wiring; Pixel electrodes alternately arranged in parallel with the plurality of common electrodes; A color filter layer formed on an inner surface of the second substrate; A liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates and having a first retardation value; By proposing a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device comprising an A plate having a second phase difference value formed on the outer surface of the second substrate, it has an effect of improving the aperture ratio with a left and right viewing angle similar to that of a conventional longitudinal electrode structure transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device. It is characterized by having.

Transverse electrode structure, transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device, color deviation, viewing angle

Description

Array substrate for transverse field type liquid crystal display device

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a part of a general transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.

2A and 2B are cross-sectional views showing operations in off and on states of a general transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device, respectively.

3 is a plan view showing a part of a conventional array substrate for a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.

4 is a view showing a simulation result of a conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display (vertical electrode structure) with a viewing angle changed at a point having an azimuth angle of 20 degrees in a state of displaying black.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a simulation result of a conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device (vertical electrode structure) with a viewing angle changed at a point having an azimuth angle of 20 degrees in a state of displaying black. FIG.

6 is a plan view showing one pixel region of an array substrate for a transverse electrode structure transverse field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device having a transverse electrode structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, taken along the cutting line VIII-VIII. FIG.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a viewing angle of 0 degrees to 90 degrees at an azimuth angle of 20 degrees in a horizontal electrode structure transverse electric field liquid crystal display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention in a state in which black is displayed, that is, in an off state; The figure which shows the simulation result measured by changing in color coordinates.

9 is a view showing a viewing angle of 0 degrees to 90 degrees at an azimuth angle of 20 degrees in the horizontal electrode structure transverse electric field liquid crystal display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention in a state in which black is displayed, that is, in an off state; The figure which shows the simulation result measured by changing in color coordinates.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a liquid crystal display of a transverse electrode structure in a transverse electric field liquid crystal display according to still another embodiment of the present invention. A diagram showing the results of simulations measured at 90 degrees in color coordinates.

FIG. 11 is a view illustrating a liquid crystal display of a transverse electrode structure in a transverse electric field liquid crystal display according to still another embodiment of the present invention. A diagram showing the results of simulations measured at 90 degrees in color coordinates.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.

101: transverse electrode structure transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device

110 array substrate 115 gate electrode

120: common electrode 121: gate insulating film

125: semiconductor layer 133: source electrode

136: drain electrode 140: protective layer

145: drain contact hole 150: pixel electrode

153: First alignment layer 160: Color filter substrate

163: black matrix 165: color filter layer

167: overcoat layer 170: second alignment layer

190: liquid crystal layer 191: liquid crystal molecules

195: A plate

P: Pixel Area Tr: Thin Film Transistor

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to an array substrate for a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device having improved light leakage and a high CR ratio.

Generally, the driving principle of a liquid crystal display device utilizes the optical anisotropy and polarization properties of a liquid crystal. Since the liquid crystal has a long structure, it has a directionality in the arrangement of molecules, and the direction of the molecular arrangement can be controlled by artificially applying an electric field to the liquid crystal.

Therefore, when the molecular alignment direction of the liquid crystal is arbitrarily adjusted, the molecular arrangement of the liquid crystal is changed, and light is refracted in the molecular alignment direction of the liquid crystal by optical anisotropy, so that image information can be expressed.

Currently, an active matrix liquid crystal display device (AM-LCD: below Active Matrix LCD, abbreviated as a liquid crystal display device) in which a thin film transistor and pixel electrodes connected to the thin film transistor are arranged in a matrix manner has the highest resolution and video performance. It is attracting attention.

The liquid crystal display includes a color filter substrate on which a common electrode is formed, an array substrate on which pixel electrodes are formed, and a liquid crystal interposed between the two substrates. In such a liquid crystal display, the common electrode and the pixel electrode are caused by an electric field applied up and down. It is excellent in the characteristics, such as transmittance | permeability and aperture ratio, by the method of driving a liquid crystal.

However, the liquid crystal drive due to the electric field applied up and down has a disadvantage that the viewing angle characteristics are not excellent.

Accordingly, a transverse field type liquid crystal display device having excellent viewing angle characteristics has been proposed to overcome the above disadvantages.

Hereinafter, a general transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a general transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.

As shown, the upper substrate 9, which is a color filter substrate, and the lower substrate 10, which is an array substrate, are spaced apart from each other, and the liquid crystal layer 11 is interposed between the upper and lower substrates 9, 10. It is.

The common electrode 17 and the pixel electrode 30 are formed on the lower substrate 10 on the same plane. In this case, the liquid crystal layer 11 is formed by the common electrode 17 and the pixel electrode 30. It is operated by the horizontal electric field (L).

2A and 2B are cross-sectional views illustrating operations of on and off states of a general transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device, respectively.

First, referring to FIG. 2A, which illustrates an arrangement of liquid crystals in an on state where a voltage is applied, a phase change of a liquid crystal 11a at a position corresponding to the common electrode 17 and the pixel electrode 30 is performed. Although the liquid crystal 11b positioned in the section between the common electrode 17 and the pixel electrode 30 is formed by the horizontal electric field L formed by applying a voltage between the common electrode 17 and the pixel electrode 30, It is arranged in the same direction as the horizontal electric field (L). That is, in the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device, since the liquid crystal moves by the horizontal electric field, the viewing angle is widened.

Next, referring to FIG. 2B, a horizontal electric field is not formed between the common electrode and the pixel electrode since the liquid crystal display device is in an off state in which no voltage is applied, so that the alignment state of the liquid crystal layer 11 is not changed.

3 is a plan view schematically illustrating a part of a conventional array substrate for a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.

As shown in the drawing, a conventional general transverse electric field type liquid crystal display array substrate 10 includes a plurality of gate lines 12 arranged in a horizontal direction in parallel with a predetermined interval therebetween, and in parallel with and adjacent to the gate lines 12. The common wiring 16 arranged in the lateral direction and the data wiring 24 intersecting the two wirings 12 and 16, and in particular the gate wiring 12, defining the pixel region P are formed to extend in the longitudinal direction. It is.

In addition, the thin film transistor Tr including the gate electrode 14, the semiconductor layer 20, the source electrode 26, and the drain electrode 28 is formed at the intersection of the gate wiring 12 and the data wiring 24. In this case, the source electrode 26 is connected to the data line 24 and the gate electrode 14 is connected to the gate line 12.

In addition, the pixel region P is connected to the drain electrode 28 and alternately alternately in parallel with the plurality of pixel electrodes 30 and the plurality of pixel electrodes 30 in parallel with the data line 24. And a plurality of common electrodes 17 branched from the common wiring 16.

At this time, the array substrate 10 having the plurality of common electrodes 17 and the pixel electrodes 30 arranged in the longitudinal direction in the pixel region P further forms an alignment layer on the uppermost layer, and the common electrodes 17 and By rubbing in the longitudinal direction of the pixel electrode 30, that is, in the longitudinal direction, the initial arrangement of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer is caused by rubbing in this direction. It can be seen that the electrodes are arranged in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the electrode 30.

Therefore, the state in which the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in the longitudinal direction is black, and when the scan signal is applied to the thin film transistor Tr through the gate line 12 in this state, the thin film transistor Tr is provided. ) Is turned on so that an image signal is input to the pixel electrode 30 through the data line 24. Then, a lateral electric field is generated between the common electrode 17 and the pixel electrode 30, and the liquid crystal molecules 50 rotate along the lateral electric field, and the common electrode 17 and the pixel are rotated. By being perpendicular to the electrode 30, the white color is expressed.

The transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device having the longitudinal electrode structure as described above, which performs such driving, typically forms a liquid crystal layer having a phase difference value of the liquid crystal layer in a range of 208 nm to 320 nm.

4 illustrates a simulation result of a conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device having an array substrate having a longitudinal electrode structure as described above with varying viewing angles at points of azimuth angles of 20 degrees and 70 degrees while displaying black. , 5, the azimuth angle (the most common angle of looking at the liquid crystal display, ie, a virtual image perpendicular to the image plane when the center of the liquid crystal display is viewed from the front with the eye level above the center of the screen. The angle formed by the reference line and the eye height of the black is almost no x value change according to the change of the viewing angle at 0.2 degrees, and the change in the y value changes from 0.14 to 0.16, indicating that the color deviation is not so large. In the azimuth angle of 70 degrees, the change in x value is 0.19 to 3.1 and the change in y value is 0.13 to 0.3, compared to the color deviation of black at the azimuth angle of 20 degrees. It can be seen that it is severe.

However, although the color deviation due to the change in the viewing angle at 70 degrees of the azimuth is greater than the color deviation due to the change in the viewing angle at the 20 degrees of azimuth, the liquid crystal display is generally used as a television and a monitor device. Since the superior left and right viewing angle characteristics are required, this is not a problem.

However, in the case of the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device having the array substrate 10 having the pixel electrode 30 and the common electrode 17 in the longitudinal direction, when an image signal is input to the pixel electrode 30, the electric field is It is not only generated between the common electrode 17 and the pixel electrode 30, but also between the pixel electrode 30 and the data wiring 24.

At this time, the electric field generated between the pixel electrode 30 and the data line 24 distorts the entire transverse electric field in the pixel region P, so that the liquid crystal molecules 50 after the signal application are completely applied to the substrate 10. It is not oriented horizontally with, resulting in cross talk in the vertical direction.

To solve this problem, in order to minimize the influence on the pixel electrode 30 from the data line 24, the width of the outermost common electrode 17a in each pixel area P is 10 μm or more, which is common to the central portion. The width of the electrode 17b is greater than that of the electrode 17b. As a result, the width of the outermost common electrode 17a increases, resulting in a decrease in the aperture ratio of the pixel region P.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to improve the aperture ratio by providing a transverse electrode structure transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device includes: first and second substrates facing each other; A data line and a gate line formed on the inner surface of the first substrate to define a pixel area so as to cross each other; A thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line; A plurality of common electrodes formed in the pixel region with an angle selected from -45 degrees to 45 degrees with respect to the gate wiring; Pixel electrodes alternately arranged alternately in parallel with the plurality of common electrodes; A color filter layer formed on an inner surface of the second substrate; A liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates and having a first retardation value; A plate having a second phase difference value formed on the outer surface of the second substrate.

In this case, the plurality of common electrodes and pixel electrodes may be formed in parallel with the gate wirings, and the plurality of common electrodes and pixel electrodes may be disposed with respect to the gate wirings up and down with respect to the center of the pixel region. It is formed to have a predetermined angle different from each other, it characterized in that the common electrode and the pixel electrode formed on the upper side and the lower side of the central portion is formed to be symmetric with each other.

A first alignment layer formed on the pixel electrode and rubbed in a direction parallel to the gate line; Further comprising a second alignment layer formed under the color filter layer.

The first retardation value is preferably between 340 nm and 420 nm, and the second retardation value is preferably between 50 nm and 200 nm.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

6 is a plan view illustrating one pixel area of the array substrate for a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

As shown, the array substrate 110 for a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device according to the present invention has a plurality of gate wirings 113 arranged in parallel in a horizontal direction, and intersect the gate wiring 113 with a plurality of pixel regions ( The data line 130 defining P) and extending in the longitudinal direction is formed, and the common line 117 is formed in close proximity to the gate line 113 in the same direction as the gate line 113. In each pixel area P, the gate line 113 and the data line 130 are connected to each other, and a thin film transistor Tr is formed as a switching element.

In addition, first and second common electrode connection patterns 119a and 119b are formed in each pixel area P in parallel with the data line 130 by branching from the common wire 117 for each pixel area P. FIG. The first and second common electrode connection patterns 119a and 119b are branched in parallel to the gate wiring 113 so that both ends contact the first and second common electrode connection patterns 119a and 119b and are spaced apart from each other. A plurality of common electrodes 120 are formed.

In this case, the common wiring 117, the first and second common electrode connection patterns 119a and 119b, and the common electrode 120 may be shaped like a ladder in the pixel area P. FIG.

In addition, each pixel region P is connected through the drain electrode 136 and the drain contact hole 145 of the thin film transistor Tr, and a plurality of pixel electrodes 150 are transparent electrodes. They are alternately arranged in parallel with 120 and are formed.

In this case, each of the pixel electrodes 150 is connected to the drain electrode 136 and overlaps the first and second common electrode connection patterns 119a and 119b in parallel with the data line 130. It is formed in a branched form from the two pixel electrode connection patterns 148a and 148b.

In FIG. 6, the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed parallel to the gate line. However, as a modification, the pixel electrode and the common electrode may be 0 to 45 degrees or -45 to 0 degrees with respect to the gate line. It may be formed to be inclined at any one of the angle selected.

In addition, when the multi-domain is formed in one pixel area, the angles are different from each other up and down with respect to the center of the pixel area. For example, the upper common electrode and the pixel electrode are inclined by +20 degrees with respect to the gate wiring. The lower common electrode and the pixel electrode may be formed to have an angle of inclination of -20 degrees with respect to the gate line.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a transverse field type liquid crystal display device having a transverse electrode structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, taken along the cutting line VII-V.

As illustrated, in the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device 101 having the above-described electrode structure in the lateral direction, the array substrate 110 includes a gate electrode 115, a gate insulating film 121, and the gate in each pixel region P. As shown in FIG. A thin film transistor Tr, which is a switching element formed of source and drain electrodes 133 and 136 spaced apart from the semiconductor layer 125, is formed on the array substrate 110 in a lateral direction corresponding to the electrode 115. Each common electrode 120 is formed, and a plurality of pixel electrodes 150 are disposed on the protection layer 150 covering the common electrode 120 and the thin film transistor Tr. They are alternately formed and are in contact with each other through the drain electrode 136 and the drain contact hole 145 of the thin film transistor Tr.

In addition, a first alignment layer 153 is formed on the pixel electrode 150 and the exposed protective layer 140, and a length direction of the common electrode 120 or the pixel electrode 150 is formed on the alignment layer 153. Rubbing is performed in a direction parallel to the wiring (113 in FIG. 6), the black matrix 163, the color filter layer 165, and the overcoat are interposed on the first alignment layer 153 through the liquid crystal layer 190. A liquid crystal panel is formed by adhering with the color filter substrate 160 having the layer 167 and the second alignment layer 170, and a phase difference of a specific range is formed on the outer surface of the color filter substrate 160 of the thus completed liquid crystal panel. By constructing the A plate 195 having a value, the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device 101 of the transverse electrode structure according to the embodiment of the present invention can be completed.

Meanwhile, as described above, the transverse field type liquid crystal display device 101 in which the common electrode and the pixel electrode are formed in the transverse direction has the common electrode 120 and the pixel electrode 150 in which the first alignment layer 153 is formed in the transverse direction. The upper direction and the common or pixel electrode 120 and 150 arrangement direction (when the common electrode and the pixel electrode are formed in parallel with the gate wiring), more precisely, the direction parallel to the gate wiring (133 in FIG. 6). As in the case, when the rubbing is performed in the direction of the gate wiring and when the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed at a predetermined angle), the long-term axis of the liquid crystal molecules 191 may be The side view is arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, the viewing angle characteristic is rotated 90 degrees compared to the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device having the electrode structure in the longitudinal direction is excellent in the vertical viewing angle characteristics And it is reduced to the left and right viewing angle characteristics. That is, the color deviation of the black state according to the change of the viewing angle at the 20 degree azimuth angle is the color deviation level according to the viewing angle change at the 70 degree azimuth angle of the longitudinal electrode structure transverse field type liquid crystal display device. Change: 0.14 to 0.30), and color deviation of the black state due to the change of viewing angle hardly occurs at the azimuth angle of 70 degrees. Change: almost no change at 0.2, y value change: 0.14 to 0.16).

The liquid crystal display device is used as a television and a monitor device, and it is required to have better left and right viewing angle characteristics than up and down viewing angle characteristics. In the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display having a transverse electrode structure, the left and right viewing angle characteristics are reduced as described above. There is a problem, and it is necessary to improve the left and right viewing angle characteristics.

Therefore, the most distinctive feature of the present invention is that the A plate 195 having a phase difference of 50 nm to 200 nm is provided on the outer surface of the color filter substrate 160 of the liquid crystal panel, and the array substrate 110 is provided. ) And the liquid crystal layer 190 formed between the color filter substrate 160 also have a phase difference of 340 nm to 420 nm.

The phase difference of the liquid crystal layer 190 is

δ = 2π * Δnd / λ

(δ: retardation, Δn: refractive index of liquid crystal, d: cell gap, λ: wavelength)

In this case, the effective refractive index has a value of about 0.7 to 1.2 as the intrinsic properties of the liquid crystal, and the wavelength band of light representing red, green, and blue, respectively, is typically 340 nm to 700 nm (red: 610 nm, green). : 550 nm, blue: 480 nm), it can be seen that the phase difference in the above equation can be controlled by the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 190 interposed between the color filter substrate 190 and the array substrate 110. have.

  At this time, in the transverse field type liquid crystal display device having the transverse electrode structure, the liquid crystal layer 190 for forming the left and right viewing angles at the same level as the transverse field type liquid crystal display device of the conventional longitudinal electrode structure (see FIG. 3). The proper retardation value of is 340nm to 420nm, in which case the most common point for finally looking at the transverse electrode structure transverse liquid crystal display device is further configured by further configuring an A plate 195 having a position difference value of 50nm to 200nm. That is, the level of color deviation with respect to the change in the viewing angle at 20 degrees in the azimuth angle may be the same as that of the transverse field type liquid crystal display device having the electrode structure in the longitudinal direction.

Here, the A plate 195 will be described for a while.

The A plate 195 is a z-axis in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the transverse type liquid crystal display device, that is, a display surface on which an image is displayed (hereinafter referred to as a surface), and an x-axis and a y-axis are liquid crystal display devices. When the refractive indexes in the x, y, and z directions of the molecules constituting the compensation film are nx, ny, and nz, respectively, the refractive index is nx = ny <nz. Compensation film or compensation film. The A plate 195 having such characteristics is a film formed by forming an alignment film on a base film made of a transparent polymer and forming a liquid crystal material on the alignment film, which is also a liquid crystal material made of the liquid crystal material. The thickness of the layer has a specific retardation value.

In general, in the case of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device, it is preferable to configure a cell gap (thickness of the liquid crystal layer) in the range of 2 μm to 6 μm for reasons of process and ease of liquid crystal driving. Since it is difficult for the retardation value to have an appropriate value to have left and right viewing angle characteristics of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device having a longitudinal electrode structure, the present invention provides an A plate 195 having a retardation value in a specific range and a retardation in another specific range. By constructing the liquid crystal layer 190 having a value, the phase difference value is dualized to have a left and right viewing angle similar to the left and right viewing angles of the conventional longitudinal electrode structure transverse field type liquid crystal display device.

8 and 9 illustrate a zero-angle viewing angle at azimuth angles of 20 degrees and 70 degrees, respectively, in a state in which a black is displayed, that is, in an off state in a transverse electrode structure transverse electric field liquid crystal display according to the present invention. The simulation results measured at 90 degrees are shown in the color coordinates. The results shown in the figure show a liquid crystal layer having a phase difference value of 360 nm and an A plate having a phase difference value of 150 nm. A simulation of the device is shown.

As shown, in the expression of the black state with the change of the viewing angle at the azimuth angle of 20 degrees, the change of the x value is 0.2 to 0.22, the change of the y value is 0.16 to 0.17, and the color deviation level has a conventional longitudinal electrode structure. It can be seen that the level of color deviation according to the change of viewing angle at the same azimuth angle of the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is almost similar.

In this case, the expression of the black state according to the change of the viewing angle at the azimuth angle of 70 degrees, and the change of the x value is 0.2 to 0.31, the change of the y value is 0.14 to 0.35. It can be seen that it is similar to the color deviation level of the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display having.

10 and 11 illustrate the results of the change in the viewing angle (0 to 90 degrees) at 20 degrees and 70 degrees in the black state on the color coordinates according to another embodiment of the present invention. The value will show the result for the transverse electrode structure transverse field type liquid crystal display device having a value of 360 nm and a phase difference value of A plate of 70 nm.

As shown, the representation of the black state according to the change of the viewing angle at the azimuth angle of 20 degrees is that the change in the x value is 0.2 to 0.25 and the change in the y value is 0.14 to 0.18, the color deviation level of which has the conventional longitudinal electrode structure It is similar to the color deviation level according to the change of viewing angle at 20 degrees of azimuth of the field type liquid crystal display, and the change of x value is 0.2 to 0.26 in the expression of black state according to the change of viewing angle at 70 degrees of azimuth. It can be seen that the color deviation at 70 degrees in the azimuth from 0.2 to 0.29 is also similar to that of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device having a conventional longitudinal electrode structure.

In the transverse field structure liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, since the common electrode and the pixel electrode are formed in the transverse direction, it is not necessary to form the outermost common electrode thicker than the common electrode in the center. There is an effect of improving the aperture ratio of the field type liquid crystal display device.

In addition, by including a liquid crystal layer having a phase difference value in a specific range and an A plate having a phase difference value in another specific range, a left and right viewing angle at the same level as the left and right viewing angles of a conventional longitudinal electrode structure transverse field type liquid crystal display device can be obtained. It is effective to secure.

Claims (6)

First and second substrates facing each other; A data line and a gate line formed on the inner surface of the first substrate to define a pixel area so as to cross each other; A thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line; A plurality of common electrodes formed in the pixel region with an angle selected from -45 degrees to 45 degrees with respect to the gate wiring; A plurality of pixel electrodes alternately arranged alternately in parallel with the plurality of common electrodes; A first alignment layer formed on the plurality of pixel electrodes and rubbed in a direction parallel to the gate line; A color filter layer formed on an inner surface of the second substrate; A second alignment layer formed under the color filter layer; A liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates and having a first retardation value between 340 nm and 420 nm; A plate formed on the outer surface of the second substrate and having a second phase difference value between 50 nm and 200 nm Transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device comprising a. The method of claim 1, And the plurality of common electrodes and the plurality of pixel electrodes are formed in parallel with the gate lines. The method of claim 1, The plurality of common electrodes and the plurality of pixel electrodes are formed at upper and lower sides with respect to the gate wiring, respectively, with respect to the gate wirings, based on the center of the pixel region, and the plurality of common electrodes and the plurality of pixel electrodes formed on the upper side and the lower side of the center portion. And a common electrode and the plurality of pixel electrodes are symmetrical to each other. delete delete delete

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