KR101179603B1 - Modified spinneret for hollow separate type composite fiber, composite fiber manufactured by using the spinneret and method of manufacturing the composite fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a spinneret for a hollow split composite fiber, a composite fiber produced using the same, and a manufacturing method thereof. Specifically, in the spin splitter for a hollow split composite fiber, slits in a circumferential direction of an annular cross section have a predetermined interval. The hollow split type composite having excellent spinning operation properties is provided by arranging the holes into one to eight pieces, and (1) the hollow ratio (%) of the detention hole and (2) the area ratio (%) of the detention hole satisfy the following ranges. The present invention relates to a spinneret for fibers, and that the hollow split-type composite fiber and a method of manufacturing the same have no defects such as wool and pimsa on the surface of the fiber, and have excellent splitting performance and can produce a fabric or knitted fabric having a soft touch. It is about.

(1) 60≤ (r / R) × 100≤70

(2) 40≤ (πr ² / πR ² ) × 100≤60

r: radius of the inner circle of the detention hole (cm)

R: Radius of the outer circle of the detention hole (cm)

Hollow Split Composite Fiber, Polyester, Polyamide, Spinneret, Hollow Rate, Hole Cross-sectional Area, Back Pressure, Spinning Operation, Soft Touch

Description

Spinneret for hollow split composite fiber, composite fiber manufactured using the same, and method for manufacturing the same

The present invention relates to a spinneret for hollow split composite fiber, a composite fiber produced using the same, and a method for manufacturing the same. Specifically, the spinneret for hollow split composite fiber has excellent spinning workability, and The present invention relates to a hollow split composite fiber exhibiting excellent peeling performance and a soft touch, and a method of manufacturing the same.

2. Description of the Related Art [0002] There have been many known methods for producing a composite spun composite fabric having a soft touch by producing a composite spinning product using two polymers, a polyester component and a polyamide component, and then forming a woven fabric and a knitted fabric, and performing a split processing.

Conventionally, a method of splitting is known by expanding and thermally shrinking nylon with benzyl alcohol using split composite fibers of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyamide (nylon, Nylon 6). In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1995-634 has a hollow cross section, in which a polyester (PET) component and a polyamide component are alternately disposed in the circumferential direction of the annular cross section, and then dyed after weaving or knitting. A method of dividing a composite fiber in one color processing step and producing an ultrafine fiber, wherein an alkali weight loss process and a polyamide expansion process are performed in one step in a continuous state by using an atmospheric pressure steamer with a microwave irradiation device. A method for producing split composite fibers is proposed. In addition, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 1995-3638 manufactures a composite fiber having a hollow cross section as in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 1995-634, and then, by reducing the alkali, is treated with a mixture of isopropyl alcohol and water, and partitioned. A method for producing split composite fibers is proposed.

However, in order to produce a split composite fiber in which a polyester component and a polyamide component, which are fibers used before using the processing method, are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular cross section, spin spinning and spinning are common. There are several problems with using conditions. In particular, the spinning operation is poor due to blow-out and spinning trimming after polymer ejection from the mold during spinning. Fibers wound on the winding machine without trimming are also formed on the surface of the wool, pimples, etc. Defects easily occur, and in particular, it is difficult to form split composite fiber cross sections alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular cross section.

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a spinneret having excellent spinning workability in a cross-sectional shape such that the cross-sectional shape of the fiber has a hollow annular cross-section, and using such a special type spinneret It is to provide a hollow split composite fiber having excellent splitting performance in which two components, a component and a polyamide-based component are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the hollow annular cross section, and a method of manufacturing the same.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a composite fiber and a method for producing the same without defects such as wool, pims and the like on the fiber surface.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a prior art level using a method of dividing by alkaline weight reduction processing under predesigned conditions using the composite fiber of the present invention or by using a swelling agent that swells a polyamide-based component. To provide a woven or knitted fabric exhibiting the above peeling separation effect and a soft touch, and a manufacturing method thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in the spinneret for hollow split composite fiber, 1 to 8 slits are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the annular cross section to constitute a hole, (1) the hollow of the detention hole Provided is the spinneret for the hollow split composite fiber in which the percentage (%) and the area ratio (%) of the detention hole satisfy the following ranges.

(1) 60≤ (r / R) × 100≤70

(2) 40≤ (πr ² / πR ² ) × 100≤60

r: radius of the inner circle of the hole (cm)

R: Radius of the outer circle of the hole (cm)

In addition, the present invention provides a method for producing a hollow split composite fiber, the melting step of melting each of the two polymers of polyester-based component and polyamide-based component to form a respective melt; (3) a composite spinning step in which the back pressure (P, unit: Kgf / cm ² ) of the detention hole has the following range by injecting each melt passed through the melting step into the slit of the spinneret; It provides a method for producing a hollow split composite fiber comprising a.
(3) 20≤ {(2 × B 2 × L × Q × u) / (E × A 3 × H × Gc)} × 10 - 7 × K≤150
B: perimeter of the hole (cm)
L: Capillary Depth (cm)
Q: discharge amount per hole (g / sec)
u: viscosity (unit: g / (cm, sec))
E: Specific gravity (g / cm ³ )
A: cross-sectional area of the hole (cm ² )
H: Number of holes in detention
Gc: gravitational acceleration (cm / sec ² )

K: 10.1972 (constant)

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In addition, the present invention provides a cooling and solidifying step in which the speed of the cooling wind proceeds at a speed of 15 to 40mpm after the complex spinning step; And extending the primary high speed roller speed of 600 to 2,500mpm and the second high speed roller speed of 3,000 to 5,000mpm through the cooling and solidifying step.

The present invention also provides a hollow split composite fiber produced by the above method.

In addition, the present invention provides a fabric or knitted fabric comprising the fibers divided by using the swelling agent for swelling the hollow split composite fiber of the alkali-reduced processing or polyamide-based components.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First of all, it should be noted that in the drawings, the same components or parts denote the same reference numerals as much as possible. In describing the present invention, detailed descriptions of related well-known functions or configurations are omitted in order not to obscure the subject matter of the present invention.

The terms "about "," substantially ", etc. used to the extent that they are used herein are intended to be taken to mean an approximation of, or approximation to, the numerical values of manufacturing and material tolerances inherent in the meanings mentioned, Accurate or absolute numbers are used to help prevent unauthorized exploitation by unauthorized intruders of the referenced disclosure.

The present invention forms a cross-sectional shape of the fiber by using a special type of spinneret when manufacturing a composite fiber, using the spinneret of the present invention, by setting a specific spinning conditions excellent spinning workability and gathered on the fiber surface It is possible to produce excellent composite fibers without defects such as Pimsa, and can be used to produce a fabric or knitted fabric having excellent splitting performance and soft touch using the composite fibers.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a spinneret hole according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, the cross-sectional shape of holes formed in various ways as shown in (a) to (f) is illustrated by varying the number or shape of the slits S in the circumferential direction of the annular cross section. Herein, the spinneret is designed to form one composite fiber through several distribution plates of heterogeneous polymers discharged from two spinners, as shown, for example, in Korean Patent Publication No. 87-1366. In spinnerets formed by combining distribution plates, it refers to the spinneret portion, which is the final distribution plate designed especially for forming one composite fiber. By varying the shape of the hole and the final distribution plate described above, it is possible to manufacture the hollow split composite fiber without defects in the fiber by adjusting the spinning operation. Where S is a slit, r is the radius of the inner circle, and R is the radius of the outer circle.

The present invention provides the following two values (porosity and area) in order to produce a cross section of a hollow segmented composite fiber in which a polyester component and a polyamide component are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular cross section. Rate) at the same time. That is, in the spinneret for the hollow split composite fiber, the slits for discharging the polymer in the circumferential direction of the annular cross section are arranged in one to eight at predetermined intervals to form one hole of the spinneret. It provides a spinneret for hollow split composite fibers in which (1) the hollow ratio (%) of the detention hole and (2) the area ratio (%) of the detention hole satisfy the following ranges.

(1) 50≤ (r / R) × 100≤80

(2) 30≤ (πr ² / πR ² ) × 100≤70

r: radius of the inner circle of the hole (cm)

R: Radius of the outer circle of the hole (cm)

Specifically, the number of slits constituting one hole of the spinneret of the present invention is 1 to 8, preferably, to produce split composite fibers alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular cross section of the present invention. 2 to 4 is good. If the number of slits is less than 1, it is impossible to radiate itself, and if the number of slits exceeds 8, it is difficult to make detention, manufacturing cost is also high, and the radiation operation is poor due to interference with many slits during spinning. There is a risk of loss.

(1) It is preferable that the hollow ratio of the detention hole by the radius of the inner circle and the outer circle of the detention hole satisfies 50% to 80%. Preferably 60% to 70%. If the porosity of the detention hole is less than 50%, the hollow is easily confined in one component rather than the cross-section in which each component is alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular cross section, and exceeds 80% and the hollow ratio is too high. As the polymer is discharged from the slits that are placed apart to form the hollow, it does not adhere smoothly, and hollow formation is not easy. Therefore, defects on the yarn and the fiber surface are caused. ) Can be a factor.

Moreover, (2) It is preferable that the area ratio by the radius of the inner circle | round | yen and outer circle | round | yen of a prison hole satisfies 30%-70%. Preferably 40% to 60%. If the area ratio is less than 30%, hollows are likely to be trapped in one component rather than the cross-section in which each component is alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular cross section. As the polymer is discharged from the slits that are placed apart to form the slit, it is not easy to form the hollow (hollow fracture) phenomenon, and it is easy to cause defects such as yarn trimming and fiber surface. It can also be a factor.

The present invention is characterized by producing a hollow split composite fiber by the following method using the spinneret of the present invention as described above.

2 is a schematic diagram of a composite spinning device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 1, each of the fibrous polymer spun through the discharge hole through the melting step S100 passing through the extruder (1, 2), each of which is fed into the raw material of each spinneret and hollow split type just below the spinneret The emulsion is supplied from the emulsion supply unit 5 during the solidification process from the cooling and solidifying unit 4 through the spinning step S200 passing through the spin pack 3 including the spinneret of the first and after the cooling and solidifying step S300 is performed. It is wound in the winding section 8 through the stretching step S400 through the roller roller 6 and the secondary roller roller 7 to obtain a hollow split composite fiber.

In more detail, the manufacturing method of the present invention, first, the melting step S100 of melting each of the two polymers of the polyester-based component (component A) and polyamide-based component (component B) to form the respective melt, In addition, the content of component B (polyamide-based component) of the two polymers forming the yarn cross section is 10 to 90% by weight, preferably 25 to 65% by weight is preferable to exhibit a soft touch in the final fiber production. In the case where each component is chipped and melted, drying is performed at 60 to 180 ° C so that the A component (polyester chip) has a moisture content of 0 to 400 ppm or less, preferably 100 ppm or less. Preferably it is 100-160 degreeC. If the spinning is carried out directly to the spinning machine without chipping after polymer polymerization, no drying process is required. Another component B component (polyamide-based chip) is dried at 40 to 160 ° C so as to have a moisture content of 0 to 800 ppm or less, preferably 200 ppm or less. Preferably it is 80-120 degreeC. The polyamide chip does not have a drier and does not have a great effect even when the drying is not performed when the drying is not smooth. After drying, A component (polyester-based component) and B component (polyamide-based component) are each introduced into a separate melt extruder, and in the case of A component (polyester-based component), the temperature is 250 to 320 캜, preferably 270 to Melting at 300 ° C is preferable, and in the case of B component (polyamide-based component), melting at 200 to 280 ° C, preferably at 220 to 260 ° C and proceeding the melting step results in high melting of each component by smooth melting. It's good.

Each melt passed through the melting step is subjected to a spinning step at a temperature of 250 to 320 ℃, preferably 265 to 290 ℃ through a spin pack. The melt after the melting step has a residence time of 1 to 30 minutes in order to prevent spin operation and viscosity decrease, and complex spinning of two polymers, A and B components, so that the viscosity and thermal decomposition of each polymer are considered. It is preferable to spin at a spinning temperature in the above range. This is because if the residence time is too long or the spinning temperature is high, there is a fear that an IV drop may occur due to pyrolysis.

In particular, the present invention in the spinning step, the compound spinning step S200 to be put into the slit of the spinneret of the present invention described above (3) to the back pressure (P, unit: Kgf / cm ² ) of the detention hole has the following range It is excellent in spinning operation, and can produce a composite fiber without defects in the fiber.
(3) 20≤ {(2 × B ² × L × Q × u) / (E × A ³ × H × Gc)} × 10 ⁻⁷ × K ≦ 150
B: perimeter of the hole (cm)
L: Capillary Depth (cm)
Q: discharge amount per hole (g / sec)
u: viscosity (unit: g / (cm, sec))
E: Specific gravity (g / cm ³ )
A: cross-sectional area of the hole (cm ² )
H: Number of holes in detention
Gc: gravitational acceleration (cm / sec ² )

K: 10.1972 (constant)

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When calculating backside pressure as mentioned above, it is preferable that a backside pressure satisfy | fills 20-150 Kgf / cm <^2> . Specifically 30 to 80 Kgf / cm ² . If the back pressure exceeds 150 Kgf / cm ² , the initial pack internal pressure is high at the start of spinning, and as the spinning time elapses, the pack internal pressure also increases continuously. This becomes a cause of deterioration. If it is less than 20 Kgf / cm ² , polymer retention may occur at the upper surface of the detention, which may result in poor polymer flow, which may cause problems such as denier abnormality, poor uniformity, poor quality, and increased yarn trimming. have.

After the combined spinning step, the cooling and curing step S300 may be performed. The speed of the cooling wind is controlled at a speed of 15 to 40 mpm (meter per minute; m / min) to control the shape of the cross section and to improve the uniformity of the fiber. It is preferable to proceed. In addition, an additional heater for maintaining a temperature between 230 and 350 ° C., preferably between 260 and 320 ° C., between the spinneret and the cooling zone is placed under the mold to control the difference in crystallization rate of the two polymers. In addition, the emulsion may be supplied for smooth spinning and winding after the cooling and solidification process. The emulsion supply may be an oil spray method or an oil roller method in a guide having a guide installed in the solidification area. It does not matter even if used.

After the cooling and solidification and the emulsion supply process, the drawing step S400 of the first high speed roller speed of 600 to 2,500mpm and the second high speed roller speed of 3,000 to 5,000mpm may be performed. The first roller roller (Godet Roller) speed is preferably 600 to 2,500, preferably 1,000 to 2,000mpm, temperature is 40 to 100 ℃, preferably 50 to 90 ℃. When the drawing speed of the primary high speed roller is less than 600mpm, there may be a change in physical properties of the yarn over time, and there is a possibility that stable operation is difficult due to the lack of force entering the primary high speed roller, and when it exceeds 2,500mpm, There is a fear of moor or single trim. In addition, when the temperature of the primary high roller is less than 40 ° C, the stretching temperature may be too low so that the orientation of molecular chains due to the stretching of the A component may not occur sufficiently. There is a risk of trimming during stretching.

In addition, the secondary high speed roller speed is 3,000 to 5,000mpm, preferably 3,500 to 4,500mpm is stable considering the spinning operation, heat setting temperature is 80 to 140 ℃, preferably 100 to 120 ℃ to proceed to desirable. When the secondary high-speed roller speed is less than 3,000mpm, the properties of the spun yarn, in particular, the elongation is lowered and the productivity is lowered. When the secondary high-speed roller speed exceeds 5,000mpm, there is a fear of yarn shaking in the apostle. In order to increase the speed difference between the secondary roller and the take-up machine, There is a risk of deterioration in form stability. In addition, when the heat setting temperature of the secondary high speed roller is lower than 80 ° C. during the stretching, there is a possibility that a change in physical properties such as elongation over time may occur, and when the temperature exceeds 140 ° C., there is a fear that stable operation is difficult due to a large vibration on the high speed roller. There is.

In addition, in the stretching step, the draw ratio is preferably 1.5 to 5.0, when the draw ratio is less than 1.5, there is a fear that the elongation of the fiber is lowered, if the stretch ratio exceeds 5.0, the yarn is generated during spinning or in the final yarn There is a risk of defects.

The hollow split composite fiber manufactured as described above is a form in which two components, a polyester-based component and a polyamide-based component, are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the hollow annular cross section, and the composite fiber of this type is divided by alkali reduction processing. The composite fibers are prepared using a method of swelling or swelling the polyamide-based component using a swelling agent, which can be made into a fabric or knitted fabric having a soft touch.

Figure 3 is a SEM photograph showing the cross-sectional shape of the hollow split composite fiber prepared according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 3, (a) is a form of a single strand of fibers before the splitting of the hollow split type composite fibers, (b) is a plurality of forms of the fibers after the split to a normal alkali loss, A is a polyester fiber, B: Represents polyamide fiber.

As described above, the present invention has excellent spinning operation through controlling the hollow ratio of spinnerets, the hole area ratio, and the back pressure of the spinneret in the spinning step, and there are no defects such as wool and pims on the fiber surface, and the splitting performance is excellent. There is an effect that can produce a composite fiber.

By using the composite fiber produced by the production method of the present invention it can be produced a fabric or knitted fabric having a soft touch.

Through the following examples will be described in more detail.

Example 1

Using a conventional spin draw composite spinning equipment having two rollers, the component A uses polyester chips (70% content) and the component B uses nylon 6 chips (content 30%) to produce composite spun fiber. It was. In the spinning stage, the back pressure of the spinneret was 43 Kgf / cm ² , and the slits that make up one hole in the custody of one filament consisted of two, and the hollow ratio of the crest hole. Spinnerets with 65% and 43% area ratio were used. After spinning at a spinning temperature of 278 ° C., cooling and solidification were performed at a flow rate of 25 mpm. After the oil roller was attached to the emulsion, in the drawing process, the first heat treatment roller speed 1,300mpm, the first heat treatment at 60 ℃, the second heat treatment roller speed 3,700mpm, the second heat setting at 110 ℃ After stretching to 2.85, the film was wound at 3,640mpm. Thus, a polyester / nylon composite fiber of 50 denier / 24 filaments was obtained, the results are shown in Table 1.

Example 2

It carried out similarly to Example 1 except using the spinneret which has four slits which comprise one hole of a detention.

Example 3

In the spinning step was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the back pressure of the spinneret was taken to be 80 Kgf / cm ² .

Comparative Example 1

The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that spinnerets having a detention hole hollow ratio of 40% and a detention hole area ratio of 25% were used.

Comparative Example 2

In the spinning step was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the back pressure of the detention is 10 Kgf / cm ² .

Comparative Example 3

The spinnery was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the back pressure of the detention was 210 Kgf / cm ² .

※ Test Methods

(1) island

The coil of 1m was wound 90m in one rotation, and the weight was measured and converted into 9,000m.

(2) Fineness defective rate (%)

Based on 100 measurements, the number of deviations was determined when the management range ± 2.5 of the target fineness of 50.0 De 'was set. Defective when more than 5% occurs

(3) strength and elongation

The strength and elongation of the fibers were measured using an automatic tensile tester (Textechno) applying a speed of 50 cm / min and a gripping distance of 50 cm.

Strength and elongation are the loads (g / de) divided by denier (de) divided by the force applied when the fibers are stretched until they are cut with a constant force (%). ) As the Shinto.

(4) dagger

After the evaluation sample was heat treated at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes, the difference between the measured length and the original length was calculated.

Ratio (%) = (First Sample Length-Sample Length after Heat Treatment) / First Sample Length × 100

(5) Spinning workability (radiability) (%): Based on 100 yarn production

(Total number of yarns produced-number of yarns trimmed) / Total number of yarns produced × 100

90% or more of radiation operation is good, 80% or more, and less than 90% is normal, and 80% or less is considered bad

(6) Yarn cross section shape determination

Cross section formation alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular cross section

Good or bad

(7) Yarn defect occurrence rate (%)

Incidence rate of samples with one or more yarn defects (raw surface wool, loops) at 100 Kg winding volume

If more than 2% occurs, it is judged as bad

[Table 1]

division unit Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Detention hole slit Count 2 4 2 2 2 2 Detention back pressure kgf / cm ² 43 43 80 43 10 210 Detention hole hollow rate % 65 65 65 40 65 65 Detention hall area rate % 43 43 43 25 43 43 Polyamide content % 30 30 30 30 30 30 Fineness De ' 49.59 49.20 50.20 50.33 48.95 50.11 burglar g / de ' 4.60 4.55 4.48 4.62 4.40 4.58 Shinto % 48.20 49.50 48.60 52.04 50.33 48.80 Dagger % 8.85 9.05 9.20 8.50 8.80 9.42 Fineness defective rate % 0 0 0 2 10.5 3.2 Good/
Bad Good Good Good Good Bad Good Radiation workability % 95 92 90 92 45 60 Good/
Bad Good Good Good Good Bad Bad Cross section Good / bad Good Good Good Bad Bad Good Yarn defect
Incidence % 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.5 3.5 10.8 Good/
Bad Good Good Good Good Bad Bad

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the inventions. It will be clear to those who have knowledge of.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a spinneret hole according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a composite spinning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a SEM photograph showing the cross-sectional shape of the hollow split composite fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

A; Polyester-based component B; Polyamide Component

r: radius of inner circle of hole R: radius of outer circle of hole

S; Slit

One; A component melting part 2; B component melting part

3; Spin pack 4; Cooling and solidification

5; Emulsion supply 6; Primary Gauge Roller

7; Secondary fine rollers 8; Winding

Claims (5)

In the spinneret for the hollow split composite fiber corresponding to the spinneret portion which is the final distribution plate, 1 to 8 slits are arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular cross section at predetermined intervals to form holes, and (1) the hollow ratio (%) of the detention hole and (2) the area ratio (%) of the detention hole satisfy the following ranges. Spinnerets for hollow split composite fibers. (1) 60≤ (r / R) × 100≤70 (2) 40≤ (πr ² / πR ² ) × 100≤60 r: radius of the inner circle of the hole (cm) R: Radius of the outer circle of the hole (cm) In the method of manufacturing a hollow split composite fiber, A melting step of melting each of the two polymers of the polyester-based component and the polyamide-based component to form respective melts; (3) a composite spinning step of spinning the melt through the melting step into the slit of the spinneret of claim 1 so that the back pressure (P, unit: Kgf / cm ² ) of the hole is in the following range; A cooling and solidifying step in which the speed of the cooling wind proceeds at a speed of 15 to 40 mpm after the complex spinning step; And Extending the first high speed roller speed of 600 to 2,500mpm and the second high speed roller speed of 3,000 to 5,000mpm through the cooling and solidifying step; Method for producing a hollow split composite fiber comprising a. (3) 20≤ {(2 × B ² × L × Q × u) / (E × A ³ × H × Gc)} × 10 ⁻⁷ × K ≦ 150 B: perimeter of the hole (cm) L: Capillary Depth (cm) Q: discharge amount per hole (g / sec) u: viscosity (unit: g / (cm, sec)) E: Specific gravity (g / cm ³ ) A: cross-sectional area of the hole (cm ² ) H: Number of holes in detention Gc: gravitational acceleration (cm / sec ² ) K: 10.1972 (constant) delete delete delete

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