KR101115400B1 - Melting type gasifier using plasma burner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A melting-type slag treatment and gasification reactor using plasma is provided to remove tar from combustible gas transferred in a transfer path using a plasma burner. CONSTITUTION: A melting-type slag treatment and gasification reactor(R) using plasma comprises a waste inlet(10), a heating burner, a transfer path(30), a slag outlet(50), a combustible gas outlet(40), and a plasma burner(60). The waste inlet penetrates through the inside the reactor. The heating burner pyrolyzes waste inputted through the waste inlet. Combustible gas and slag generated from the pyrolyzed waste is transferred to the transfer path. The slag vertically falls down through the slag outlet and is discharged to the outside. The combustible gas is discharged to the outside through the combustible gas outlet. The plasma burner removes tar from the combustible gas and detaches the slag from the transfer path.

Description

Melting type gasifier using plasma burner}

The present invention relates to a molten slag treatment gasification reactor using plasma, and more particularly, since a plasma burner is vertically installed on an upper portion of a transfer path in which combustible gas and molten slag generated by pyrolyzing waste are transported and dropped. The tar of the combustible gas transferred to the transfer path is removed, and the slag accumulated in the conventional transfer path is dropped and transferred to the slag outlet so that the molten waste remains in the reactor, thereby improving energy efficiency. In addition, the present invention relates to a molten slag treatment gasification reactor using a plasma that prevents clogging due to a melt without significantly deteriorating a synthesis gas composition.

The gasifier is made of solid fuels, for example, living waste, biomass, and the like including synthetic resin, and the oxygen burner is connected to a reactor to gasify and melt the solid fuels, thereby forming hydrocarbon components in the solid fuels. Is separated and converted into a synthesis gas containing slag and H2 and CO as main components.

Such syngas is combustible if it contains only H2 or CO and can be used again as an energy source.

In this respect, the synthesis gas will be referred to as a combustible gas hereinafter.

However, as described above, the combustible gas synthesized by the general reactor includes slag as described above.

Since the slag is incombustible, the combustible fraction of the combustible gas is lowered, which lowers the efficiency of the combustible gas as an energy source.

In order to overcome this problem, a slag discharge path is separately connected to one end of the flow path to remove slag in the combustible gas transported through the flow path after having a long flow path through which the synthesized combustible gas flows.

By the way, the slag falling into the slag discharge path is fused (attached) to the wall surface of the slag discharge path to block the inside of the slag discharge path, thereby causing the slag is not smoothly removed, which requires a lot of time for performing such a process. have.

In addition, there is a problem in that a lot of time and costs are generated to clean the slag fused in the slag discharge path separately.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems,

Plasma burners are installed vertically on the upper part of the transfer path in which the flammable gas and the molten slag generated by thermal decomposition of the waste are dropped, thereby removing tar of the combustible gas transferred to the transfer path and being attached to the transfer path. The slag is dropped and transported to the slag outlet for easy removal, while the molten waste remains in the reactor, improving energy efficiency, and melting using plasma that prevents blockage by melt without significantly compromising the composition of the syngas. It is an object to provide a type slag treatment gasification reactor.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a reactor (R) for pyrolyzing waste,

A waste inlet formed on one side of the reactor (R) and penetrating the inside of the reactor (R) so that waste is introduced;

A heating burner installed at one end of the reactor (R) to increase the temperature inside the reactor (R) to pyrolyze the waste introduced into the reactor;

A transfer path formed at the other side of the reaction furnace R and formed in a shape of "a" in cross section so that the combustible gas and the slag generated from the waste pyrolyzed by the elevated temperature burner are transferred;

A slag outlet formed at the vertical end of the transfer path and discharged from the slag by vertical fall of the slag;

A combustible gas outlet formed in a horizontal line at one end on a vertical line of the transfer path to be discharged to the outside so that the combustible gas is discharged to the outside and protrudes by a predetermined length to the outside of the reactor (R);

Plasma burner is installed vertically on the upper side of the reaction path (R) that is on the vertical line of the transfer path to remove the tar of the flammable gas by the plasma flame and to drop and drop the slag attached on the vertical line of the transfer path; It relates to a molten slag treatment gasification reactor using a plasma comprising a.

As discussed above, the molten slag treatment gasification reactor using the plasma of the present invention is installed by vertically burning the plasma burner in the upper part of the transfer path in which the combustible gas generated by thermal decomposition of the waste and the molten slag are dropped. The tar of the combustible gas transferred to the transfer path is removed, and the slag accumulated in the conventional transfer path is dropped and transferred to the slag outlet so that the molten waste remains in the reactor, thereby improving energy efficiency. In addition, there is an effect of preventing the blockage phenomenon due to the melt without significantly impairing the synthesis gas composition.

1 is a front view showing a waste slag treatment reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention,
2 is a plan view showing a waste slag treatment reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention,
3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a portion AA of FIG. 2.

The present invention has the following features to achieve the above object.

The present invention is a reactor (R) for pyrolyzing waste,

A waste inlet formed on one side of the reactor (R) and penetrating the inside of the reactor (R) so that waste is introduced;

A heating burner installed at one end of the reactor (R) to increase the temperature inside the reactor (R) to pyrolyze the waste introduced into the reactor;

A transfer path formed at the other side of the reaction furnace R and formed in a shape of "a" in cross section so that the combustible gas and the slag generated from the waste pyrolyzed by the elevated temperature burner are transferred;

A slag outlet formed at the vertical end of the transfer path and discharged from the slag by vertical fall of the slag;

A combustible gas outlet formed in a horizontal line at one end on a vertical line of the transfer path to be discharged to the outside so that the combustible gas is discharged to the outside and protrudes by a predetermined length to the outside of the reactor (R);

Plasma burner is installed vertically on the upper side of the reaction path (R) that is on the vertical line of the transfer path to remove the tar of the flammable gas by the plasma flame and to drop and drop the slag attached on the vertical line of the transfer path; Characterized in that it comprises a.

The present invention having such characteristics can be more clearly described by the preferred embodiments thereof.

Before describing the various embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it can be seen that the application is not limited to the details of the configuration and arrangement of the components described in the following detailed description or shown in the drawings. will be. The invention may be embodied and carried out in other embodiments and carried out in various ways. It should also be noted that the device or element orientation (e.g., "front," "back," "up," "down," "top," "bottom, Expressions and predicates used herein for terms such as "left," " right, "" lateral, " and the like are used merely to simplify the description of the present invention, Or that the element has to have a particular orientation. Also, terms such as " first "and" second "are used herein for the purpose of the description and the appended claims, and are not intended to indicate or imply their relative importance or purpose.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, various modifications that can be replaced at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be equivalents and variations.

1 is a front view showing a waste slag treatment reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view showing a waste slag treatment reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is part AA of Figure 2 Is a cross-sectional view.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the molten slag treatment gasification reactor (R) using the plasma of the present invention is a waste inlet (10) and the waste opening to open the one side of the reactor (R) and the waste Installed in the waste inlet 10 is installed including a waste injector 11 for continuously injecting the waste.

This is because in order to synthesize a uniform flammable gas, waste must be continuously added, and the quality of the synthesized combustible gas is constant only when the waste is uniform.

To this end, a waste inlet 10 having one side of the reactor (R) opened and a waste injector 11 installed at the waste inlet 10 are provided.

This is because the waste injector 11, such as a pusher (pusher) or screw feeder (screw feeder) can be used as a well-known configuration (for example, Korean Patent No. 279046, etc.), so the detailed description is omitted.

On the other hand, the gasification agent (gasifying agent) which is provided on one side of the reactor (R) to supply oxygen into the reactor (R) or gas such as steam and carbon dioxide into the reactor (R) Officer 70 is installed.

As described above, the gasifier injection pipe 70 supplies oxygen to the inside of the reactor R to raise the temperature of the inside of the reactor R to a temperature necessary for reacting with the gas.

In addition, in the case of the steam injection pipe 70, the steam is injected into the reactor (R) to improve the quality of the combustible gas synthesized in the reactor (R).

The apparatus may further include a water injection pipe (not shown) installed at one side of the reactor (R) to supply water into the reactor (R). That is, instead of the steam injection pipe 70, since the vaporization immediately after the water injection by the high temperature environment inside the reactor (R) it is also possible to inject water instead of steam.

On the other hand, the temperature rising burner is installed through one end of the reactor (R) to increase the temperature inside the reactor (R) to thermally decompose the waste introduced into the waste through the inlet (10).

When the waste gasifies in the reactor R as described above, combustible gas and slag are generated.

At this time, in order to discharge the combustible gas and the melt comprises a combustible gas outlet 40 and a slag outlet 50, the combustible gas outlet 40, the slag outlet 50 is connected to the combustible gas and A transport path 30 through which the slag is transported is formed.

Here, the combustible gas discharge port 40 is horizontally penetrated with the outside horizontally at one end on the vertical line of the transfer path 30 so that the combustible gas is discharged to the outside, and protrudes to the outside of the reactor (R) by a predetermined length. . That is, the combustible gas outlet 40 is not positioned on the same line as the horizontal line of the transfer path 30 among the vertical lines of the transfer path 30 and is horizontally positioned at a position spaced downward in the vertical line of the transfer path 30. Is formed.

In addition, the slag discharge port 50 is formed on the vertical end of the transfer path to the slag is discharged by the vertical fall of the slag. That is, the combustible gas generated in the reactor (R) is discharged to the outside through the combustible gas outlet 40, in the case of slag is discharged through the combustible gas outlet 40 and through the slag outlet (50) It is discharged by falling vertically.

At this time, the slag discharge port 50 further includes a slag cleaning port 51 for cooling and storing the slag.

The transfer path 30, as shown in Figure 1, is formed on the other side of the reaction furnace (R), that is opposite the waste inlet 10, the combustible gas and slag generated from the waste pyrolyzed by the temperature rise burner 20 is transferred, The transfer path 30 is formed in the shape of a cross section "a" is connected to the slag outlet 50 and the combustible gas outlet 40 to the vertical transfer line 30 in the cross-section.

At this time, the slag flows through the combustible gas outlet 40, and when the slag is cooled and hardened in the transfer path 30, the transfer path 30 may be blocked.

Accordingly, the plasma burner 60 is vertically installed on the upper side of the reactor R, which is in the same line as the vertical line of the transfer path 30, and the tar of the combustible gas is discharged by the plasma flame of the plasma burner 60. At the same time, the slag attached on the vertical line of the transfer path 30 is separated by the high temperature to fall to the slag outlet 50 to prevent the transfer path 30 from being blocked.

Here, the plasma burner 60 is installed on the same line as the vertical line of the transfer path 30, whereby the plasma flame of the plasma burner 60 is formed to be the same as the vertical line of the transfer path 30, thereby transferring The flame direction is not changed by the combustible gas and slag which is excellent, and the efficiency is excellent.

Meanwhile, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3, the reactor R is covered with the reactor body R1 and the upper portion of the reactor body R1 based on a plane in the height direction (direction I). The plate body may include a reactor cover (R2).

This is to facilitate the fabrication and maintenance by forming the reactor (R) to be separated and assembled.

In addition, it is also possible to further include an air barrier gasket (not shown) installed between the reactor body (R1) and the reactor cover (R2).

This is because when the air enters into the reactor R, a gas (for example, nitrogen, etc.) may be introduced to reduce the quality of the combustible gas during the temperature decrease and gasification reaction, so that the reactor (R) by the air blocking gasket. ) Is to secure confidentiality.

Meanwhile, the reactor R may have a rectangular cross section or a circular cross section with respect to the ground direction (direction II) plane. That is, although a circular cross section is shown in FIG. 1, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention belongs to the present invention even when the rectangular cross section or other shapes are provided.

In addition, it is also possible to further include a refractory material of heat resistance, corrosion resistance, heat insulation provided on the inner wall of the reactor (R). This is because the reactor (R) must be able to withstand such high temperatures as it operates at high temperatures (1200 to 1500 degrees C).

Particularly, in the case of the refractory, the present gasification process may generate a corrosive synthetic combustible gas, and thus, also have to have corrosion resistance to withstand it, and to have a thermal insulation function to block heat transfer to the surroundings.

10: waste inlet 11: waste injector
20: temperature rise burner 30: transfer path
40: combustible gas outlet 50: slag outlet
51: slag cleaning device 60: plasma burner
70 gasifier injection pipe R reactor
R1: reactor body R2: reactor cover

Claims (6)

In the reactor (R) for pyrolyzing waste,
A waste inlet 10 formed at one side of the reactor R to penetrate the inside of the reactor R so that waste is introduced;
A heating burner (20) installed at one end of the reactor (R) to increase the temperature inside the reactor (R) to pyrolyze the waste introduced into the reactor;
A transfer path 30 formed at the other side of the reaction furnace R to which combustible gas and slag generated from wastes pyrolyzed by the temperature increase burner 20 are transferred;
A slag discharge port 50 formed at a vertical line end of the transfer path 30 to discharge the slag by vertically falling slag;
In the vertical line of the conveyance path 30 is formed horizontally spaced downward to be not located on the same line as the horizontal line of the conveyance path 30, formed through and the outside, the combustible gas is discharged to the outside, the reaction Combustible gas discharge port 40 protruding by a predetermined length out of the furnace (R);
It is installed vertically on the upper side of the reactor (R) that is on the vertical line of the transfer path 30 is installed in accordance with the vertical line of the transfer path 30 to remove the tar of the flammable gas at the same time of the transfer path (30) And a plasma burner (60) dropping the slag attached on the vertical line and falling to the slag discharge port (50).
The transfer path 30 is formed in the form of "b" in cross-section so that the flammable gas and the slag generated from the waste is smoothly transported, and the slag cleaning device 51 to discharge the slag to the end of the slag discharge port 50 to the outside. ) Are installed,
One side of the reactor (R) molten slag using plasma, characterized in that the gasification injection pipe 70 is further provided to supply the gas necessary for pyrolysis in the reactor (R) into the reactor (R). Process gasification reactor.
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