KR101074001B1 - Incinerator with overheating prevention apparatus using the flue gas recirculation at the incineration of high caloric waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a waste incinerator in which an overheat prevention device for incineration of high-heated waste using combustion gas recirculation is installed, and more particularly, to prevent local overheating of a drying area while maintaining a predetermined amount of incineration to incinerate high-heated waste in a stocker type incineration plant. Therefore, it is characterized by increasing durability by preventing high temperature corrosion of waste input device and grate.

Incinerator, Waste, Recirculation, Combustion Gas, Stalker, Grate

Description

Incinerator with overheating prevention apparatus using the flue gas recirculation at the incineration of high caloric waste}

The present invention relates to a waste incinerator in which an overheat prevention device for incineration of high-heated waste using combustion gas recirculation is installed, and more particularly, to prevent local overheating of a drying area while maintaining a predetermined amount of incineration to incinerate high-heated waste in a stocker type incineration plant. Therefore, the present invention relates to a waste incinerator equipped with an overheat prevention device for incineration of high-heated waste using combustion gas recirculation that can increase durability by preventing high temperature corrosion of the waste input device and the grate.

Generally, in a stocker type incinerator installation, the area within the primary combustion chamber is divided into a drying stage, a combustion stage and a post combustion stage.

In the drying stage, the waste is inputted and partially burned, and the drying stage is mainly performed. After the drying stage, all the wastes are burned in the combustion stage. After the combustion stage, the combustion stage is followed by the combustion stage. It is an area that completely burns some waste that is not completely burned.

The reason for combusting by dividing the area in the combustion chamber from the design stage is to completely burn the waste, increase the durability of the equipment, and discharge the minimum air pollution.

By the way, in the past, the drying area was important due to the decrease in the calorific value of the waste, but now, as the discharge of food and the standard of living increase, the increase of waste plastics and papers increases the calorific value of the waste, thereby increasing the safety and durability of the facility. Is causing problems.

Therefore, the drying stage of the combustion chamber is a section in which the mechanical equipment such as the input equipment is close to each other, and the temperature rise of the drying stage causes problems such as mechanical defects and high temperature corrosion of the drying stage grate.

In addition, the grate uses a heat-resistant corrosion-resistant steel material, but the temperature that can withstand is not very high. Cooling is achieved by contacting air at the bottom of the grate, but if the flame is concentrated on the surface of the grate top plate, local heat damage and corrosion will inevitably occur and the life of the grate will be drastically shortened.

Conventional solutions for increasing the burn load rate of the grate due to the increase in the high heat generation waste include the method of forcibly controlling the calorific value of the waste, that is, reducing the amount of waste input, flowing the coolant into the grate, the grate and air Increasing the contact of the to increase the cooling effect is used.

Nevertheless, due to other problems such as the reliability of the facility, the limitation of cooling by air, and the increase of pollution generation, the practical use is not smooth.

In addition, it is known that the maximum calorific value of waste that can be safely incinerated in a stocker type incinerator is about 3,000 to 3,500 kcal / kg. The higher the amount of heat generated, the greater the amount of heat generated in the image and thus the more heat transferred to the grate. In addition, high calorific value means that the content of ash and non-combustibles is low, so that the contact between the flame and the grate increases. For this reason, it is a very difficult problem to incinerate waste having a calorific value above the aforementioned value.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art,

Recycling combustion gas to increase durability by preventing local overheating in the drying zone that may occur when a certain amount of incineration is input to incinerate high heat waste in a stalker-type incineration plant, and thereby preventing high temperature corrosion of the waste input device and the grate. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste incinerator equipped with an overheat prevention device for incineration of high heat wastes.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes an incinerator body consisting of a multi-stage combustion chamber composed of a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber for burning wastes;

A waste input device installed in the primary combustion chamber of the incinerator body to inject waste into the incinerator body;

A combustion apparatus installed at an inner lower end of the incinerator main body to divide a waste combustion process into a drying stage, a combustion stage, and a post-combustion stage;

And a combustion gas recirculation nozzle device installed at an upper end of a drying stage of the combustion device to delay combustion of waste in the drying stage.

In addition, the present invention includes an incinerator body consisting of a multi-stage combustion chamber composed of a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber for burning wastes;

A waste input device installed in the primary combustion chamber of the incinerator body to inject waste into the incinerator body;

A combustion apparatus installed at an inner lower end of the incinerator main body to divide a waste combustion process into a drying stage, a combustion stage, and a post-combustion stage;

The secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator body and the lower end of the combustion apparatus of the drying stage are connected to each other by a supply pipe, thereby recirculating the combustion gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator body to delay the combustion of waste in the drying stage of the combustion apparatus. It relates to a waste incinerator in which an overheat prevention device for incineration of high-heated waste using combustion gas recirculation is configured to include a gas input device.

As described above, the waste incinerator provided with the overheat prevention device for incineration of high-heated waste using combustion gas recirculation of the present invention recycles the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber of the incinerator body to control the input to the upper or lower portion of the combustion chamber to dry the incinerator. This prevents local overheating of the area, thereby increasing the durability of waste input devices and grates, and reducing air pollutants such as nitrogen oxides.

The present invention has the following features to achieve the above object.

The present invention provides an incinerator body comprising a multistage combustion chamber composed of a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber for burning wastes;

A waste input device installed in the primary combustion chamber of the incinerator body to inject waste into the incinerator body;

A combustion apparatus installed at an inner lower end of the incinerator main body to divide a waste combustion process into a drying stage, a combustion stage, and a post-combustion stage;

And a combustion gas recirculation nozzle device installed at an upper end of a drying stage of the combustion device to delay combustion of waste in the drying stage.

In addition, the present invention includes an incinerator body composed of a multi-stage combustion chamber composed of a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber for burning wastes;

A waste input device installed in the primary combustion chamber of the incinerator body to inject waste into the incinerator body;

A combustion apparatus installed at an inner lower end of the incinerator main body to divide a waste combustion process into a drying stage, a combustion stage, and a post-combustion stage;

The secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator body and the lower end of the combustion apparatus of the drying stage are connected to each other by a supply pipe, thereby recirculating the combustion gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator body to delay the combustion of waste in the drying stage of the combustion apparatus. Gas injection device; characterized in that comprises a.

In addition, the present invention provides a method for preventing overheating of a waste incinerator in which an overheat prevention device for incineration of high heat wastes using combustion gas recirculation is installed.

The internal temperature of the incinerator body is always measured by a thermocouple installed in the drying stage of the primary combustion chamber, and the measured data is transmitted to the control unit by an electrical signal, and when the internal temperature of the incinerator body, that is, the drying stage increases, the control unit In order to adjust the temperature set by the user, the feed gas is operated in the incinerator body through the combustion gas recirculation nozzle device or the combustion gas input device, and the amount of air is reduced and the combustion gas (CO₂) As the amount increases, the combustion of the waste is delayed, and at the same time, the temperature of the locally overheated portion inside the incinerator is lowered, the combustion of the waste in the drying stage is delayed, and the waste is completely burned in the combustion stage and the post combustion stage. It is characterized by.

The present invention having such characteristics can be more clearly described by the preferred embodiments thereof.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in the specification and claims should not be construed as having a conventional or dictionary meaning, and the inventors should properly explain the concept of terms in order to best explain their own invention. Based on the principle that can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, various equivalents that may be substituted for them at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be water and variations.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a system of a waste incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a waste incinerator in which the incineration overheating prevention device of the high heat generation waste using combustion gas recirculation according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed. to be.

As shown in FIG. 1, a waste incinerator provided with an overheat prevention device for incineration of high heat generation wastes using combustion gas recirculation of the present invention is a stocker type incineration plant, which burns waste while maintaining a predetermined amount of incineration in burning high heat wastes. The incinerator main body 10, the waste input device 20, the combustion device 30, the combustion gas recirculation nozzle device 40 and the control unit 80.

As shown in FIG. 2, the incinerator main body 10 is composed of a multi-stage combustion chamber for burning waste, which is divided into a primary combustion chamber 11 and a secondary combustion chamber 12, and is generally heated at a high temperature. Made of a suitable refractory material.

Here, the primary combustion chamber 11 has an inlet 13 is formed at one side so that the waste is injected into the waste by the waste input device 20, the waste input device 20 is connected to the inlet 13 side Is installed, the combustion device 30 is installed at the lower end of the primary combustion chamber 11, the combustion device 30 is composed of a grate portion 31 and the hopper portion 32, the combustion device 30 The discharge port 14 is formed at one end of the combustion device 30 to discharge the waste completely burned by.

In addition, the secondary combustion chamber 12 is formed in communication with the upper end of the primary combustion chamber 11, the gas discharge port at the upper end so that the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the waste is mixed with the secondary combustion air and completely burned out. (15) is formed.

In addition, a plurality of thermocouples 16 for measuring temperatures of the primary combustion chamber 11 and the secondary combustion chamber 12 are installed in the incinerator main body 10, and the temperature data measured by the thermocouple 16 is controlled. 80 is passed.

Here, a discharge pipe 70 is connected to the gas discharge port 15 to discharge the combustion gas into the atmosphere, and the gas discharge port 15 is purified to prevent air pollution before the combustion gas is discharged. At this time, in the air pollution prevention facility, the flue 75 and the like are blown by a blower 74 through a boiler 71, a washing tower 72, and a bag filter 73 using waste heat of combustion gas generally applied. Air pollution prevention equipment is one example of the configuration that can be changed according to the air pollution emission standard.

In addition, the combustion gas supply pipe 60 is branched from the discharge pipe 70 connected to the gas outlet 15 to be connected to the combustion gas recirculation nozzle device 40, and the combustion gas is recirculated through the supply pipe 60. Recirculated to the nozzle device 40, the supply pipe 60 is provided with a dehumidifying device 61, a transfer fan 62, an on-off valve 63, and a flow meter 64, respectively.

As such, the combustion gas passed through the bag filter 73 is composed of most carbon dioxide, some oxygen and moisture, and a trace amount of harmful gas. In order to recycle the combustion gas, water must first be removed, and in order to remove water, water is removed by a cooling method which is generally used in a recycling apparatus. Water removal method is a device that anyone can do so will not be described separately. Since most of the combustion gas after the water is removed is carbon dioxide, when the combustion gas is introduced into the combustion field, the reaction of the waste is suppressed due to the sudden decrease in oxygen, resulting in a delayed combustion effect, resulting in a drop in the temperature of the drying stage.

As shown in FIG. 2, the waste injector 20 is installed at the inlet 13 side of the incinerator main body 10 to inject waste into the incinerator main body 10. It is composed of an input hopper 22 and an input pusher 22 for transferring the waste introduced through the input hopper 22 into the incinerator body 10.

As shown in FIG. 2, the combustion device 30 is installed at an inner lower end of the incinerator main body 10 to a drying stage 33, a combustion stage 34, and a post combustion stage 35 to burn waste. And a grate 31 for burning each section of the drying stage 33, the combustion stage 34, and the post-combustion stage 35 while the waste is transferred to the upper surface, and the combustion grate is introduced into the upper surface. A plurality of hoppers 32 are connected to the lower end of the grate 31 in the longitudinal direction of the grate 31 to inject external combustion air into the grate 31.

Here, the hopper 32 is formed in a funnel shape to discharge foreign substances such as dust of the waste burned by the grate 31 through the lower end, the inlet hole so that the outside air flows into the side of the hopper 32 36 is further formed, and the inlet hole 36 is connected to a connecting member such as a duct.

The controller 80 is a device for controlling each device described above according to an electrical signal.

3 is a perspective view showing a combustion gas recirculation nozzle apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion gas recirculation nozzle apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 and 4, the combustion gas recirculation nozzle device 40 is provided to inject combustion gas into the incinerator body 10, the upper end of the drying stage 33 of the combustion device 30 Located in and serves to delay the combustion of waste in the drying stage by the gaseous gas.

Here, the combustion gas recirculation nozzle device 40 is a double pipe for preventing the bias of the flow rate due to pressure to maintain the flow rate distribution, and is composed of an inner nozzle pipe 41 and an outer nozzle pipe 42. At this time, the internal nozzle pipe 41 is directly connected to the supply pipe 60 branched from the discharge pipe 70, the combustion gas flows into the internal nozzle pipe 41, the inside of the internal nozzle pipe 41 The introduced combustion gas is discharged to the outside through the plurality of injection holes 43 formed on the upper surface. That is, the combustion gas is discharged inside the external nozzle pipe 42. At this time, since the flow gas is biased toward the far side from the inlet side, the combustion gas introduced into the inner nozzle tube 41 is a nozzle device 40 designed to prevent the bias of the flow rate by installing a double pipe.

The outer nozzle tube 42 is formed outside the inner nozzle tube 41 to surround the inner nozzle tube 41, and injects combustion gas into a lower surface of the outer nozzle tube 42. To this end, a plurality of injection nozzles 44 are formed, and combustion gas is injected through the injection nozzles 44 to delay the combustion of waste in the drying stage 33. At this time, the size of the outer nozzle tube 42 is smaller than the size of the inner nozzle tube 41 to induce a flow rate deflection, and to redistribute and inject the flow rate biased in the inner nozzle tube 41.

That is, the combustion gas recirculation nozzle device 40 is attached to the outside of the incinerator main body 10, only the injection nozzle 44 of the external nozzle pipe 42 is connected to the inside of the incinerator main body 10 to supply the combustion gas. It is a way of spraying.

5 is a schematic view showing a system of a waste incinerator according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 5, the waste incinerator provided with the overheat prevention device of the present invention is a stocker type incineration plant, which incinerates the main body 10 and wastes to burn waste while maintaining a predetermined amount of incineration in incineration of high heat waste. An injection device 20, a combustion device 30, a combustion gas injection device 60, and a control unit 80 are included.

Here, the incinerator body 10, the waste injecting device 20, the combustion device 30, and the control unit 80 is the same configuration, structure, function and the same number as the first embodiment described above is separate Technology is no longer.

However, the combustion gas input device 50 is branched from the supply pipe 60 in the discharge pipe 70 connected to the gas outlet 15 of the incinerator body (secondary combustion chamber), the end of the supply pipe 60 grate ( 31 is connected to the hopper part 32 installed at the dry end 33 part of the 31 to recycle the combustion gas discharged from the incinerator main body 10 so that waste is burned in the dry end 33 of the combustion device 30. It is a device to delay things. At this time, the supply pipe 60 is connected to the inlet hole 36 formed on the side of the hopper portion 32 to mix the outside air and the combustion gas is introduced into the hopper portion 32.

At this time, the supply pipe 60 is provided with a dehumidifying device 61, a transfer fan 62, an opening / closing valve 63, and a flow meter 64, similarly to the supply pipe described in the first embodiment.

Here, in some cases, the combustion gas recirculation nozzle device 40 and the combustion gas injection device 50 of the first embodiment and the second embodiment may be used simultaneously.

The overheat prevention control method of the waste incinerator in which the incineration overheat prevention device of the high heat generation waste using the combustion gas recirculation described above is installed will be described in detail below.

First, the internal temperature of the incinerator body 10 is always measured by the thermocouple 16, and the measured data is transmitted to the controller 80 by an electrical signal.

At this time, when the internal temperature of the incinerator main body 10, that is, the drying stage 33 increases, the control unit 80 operates the feed fan 62 of the combustion gas supply pipe 60 to adjust the temperature to the temperature set by the user. The combustion gas is introduced into the incinerator main body 10 through the gas recirculation nozzle device 40 and the combustion gas injection device 50.

Then, the incinerator body 10 has a decrease in the amount of air and increases the amount of combustion gas (CO2), thereby delaying the combustion of waste, thereby lowering the internal temperature of the incinerator body 10.

In this way, the combustion of the waste in the drying stage 33 is delayed, and the waste is completely burned in the combustion stage 34 and the post-combustion stage 35.

1 is a schematic view showing a system of a waste incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention,

2 is a schematic view showing a waste incinerator in which an overheat prevention device for incineration of high heat waste using combustion gas recirculation according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed,

3 is a perspective view showing a combustion gas recirculation nozzle apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention,

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion gas recirculation nozzle apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention,

5 is a schematic view showing a system of a waste incinerator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

10: incinerator body 20: waste input device

30: combustion device 40: combustion gas recirculation nozzle device

50: combustion gas input device 60: combustion gas supply pipe

70: discharge pipe 80: control unit

Claims (11)

An incinerator body 10 including a multistage combustion chamber composed of a primary combustion chamber 11 and a secondary combustion chamber 12 for burning wastes; A waste input device (20) installed in the primary combustion chamber (11) of the incinerator body (10) to inject waste into the incinerator body (10); A combustion device (30) installed at an inner lower end of the incinerator body (10) to divide a waste combustion process into a drying stage (33), a combustion stage (34), and a post combustion stage (35); And a combustion gas recirculation nozzle device (40) installed at an upper end of the drying stage (33) of the combustion device (30) to delay burning of waste. In the incinerator body 10, an inlet 13 is formed so that the waste is introduced into the waste by the waste injector 20, the combustion device 30 is installed at the lower end, the combustion apparatus 30 A primary combustion chamber (11) in which an outlet (14) is formed so as to discharge the waste completely burned out; And a secondary combustion chamber 12 formed at an upper end of the primary combustion chamber 11 and having a gas discharge port 15 formed therein so that combustion gas generated by combustion of waste is discharged. The gas outlet 15 recirculates the combustion gas discharged by being connected by the combustion gas recirculation nozzle device 40 and the combustion gas supply pipe 60 to the combustion gas recirculation nozzle device 40, The combustion gas recirculation nozzle device 40 is directly connected to the supply pipe 60, and the combustion gas is introduced therein, and the introduced combustion gas is discharged to the outside through the plurality of injection holes 43 formed on the upper surface. A nozzle tube 41; An outer nozzle tube 42 formed outside the inner nozzle tube 41 to surround the inner nozzle tube 41 and having a plurality of injection nozzles 44 formed thereon for injecting combustion gas into a lower surface thereof; Incineration waste incinerator is installed, the overheating prevention device of the high-heating waste by combustion gas recycle. An incinerator body 10 including a multistage combustion chamber composed of a primary combustion chamber 11 and a secondary combustion chamber 12 for burning wastes; A waste input device (20) installed in the primary combustion chamber (11) of the incinerator body (10) to inject waste into the incinerator body (10); A combustion device (30) installed at an inner lower end of the incinerator body (10) to divide a waste combustion process into a drying stage (33), a combustion stage (34), and a post combustion stage (35); The second combustion chamber 12 of the incinerator main body 10 and the lower end of the combustion device 30 of the drying stage 33 are connected to each other by a supply pipe 60 to the secondary combustion chamber 12 of the incinerator main body 10. And a combustion gas input device (50) for recirculating discharged combustion gas to delay combustion of waste. In the incinerator body 10, an inlet 13 is formed so that the waste is introduced into the waste by the waste injector 20, the combustion device 30 is installed at the lower end, the combustion apparatus 30 A primary combustion chamber (11) in which an outlet (14) is formed so as to discharge the waste completely burned out; And a secondary combustion chamber 12 formed at an upper end of the primary combustion chamber 11 and having a gas discharge port 15 formed therein so that combustion gas generated by combustion of waste is discharged. The gas outlet 15 recirculates the combustion gas discharged by being connected by the combustion gas recirculation nozzle device 40 and the combustion gas supply pipe 60 to the combustion gas recirculation nozzle device 40, The combustion gas recirculation nozzle device 40 is directly connected to the supply pipe 60, and the combustion gas is introduced therein, and the introduced combustion gas is discharged to the outside through the plurality of injection holes 43 formed on the upper surface. A nozzle tube 41; An outer nozzle tube 42 formed outside the inner nozzle tube 41 to surround the inner nozzle tube 41 and having a plurality of injection nozzles 44 formed thereon for injecting combustion gas into a lower surface thereof; Incineration waste incinerator is installed, the overheating prevention device of the high-heating waste by combustion gas recycle. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Inside the incinerator body 10, incineration prevention of high heat waste by combustion gas recycling, characterized in that a plurality of thermocouples 16 for measuring the temperature of the primary combustion chamber 11 and the secondary combustion chamber 12 is installed. Waste incinerator with unit installed. 3. The method of claim 2, Incineration of high heat waste by combustion gas recirculation, characterized in that the combustion gas supply pipe 60 is provided with a dehumidifying device 61, a transfer fan 62, an on-off valve 63, and a flow meter 64, respectively. Waste incinerator with overheat protection. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The waste input device 20 is composed of an input hopper 22 for guiding the waste to be injected, and an input pusher 22 for transferring the waste introduced through the input hopper 22 into the incinerator body 10. Incineration waste incinerator is installed, the overheat prevention device of the high-heat waste waste by combustion of the combustion gas recirculation. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the combustion device 30, A grate 31 in which combustion air is introduced while the waste is transported to the upper surface to combust each section; A plurality of hoppers 32 connected to the lower end of the grate 31 to inject external combustion air into the grate 31; Incineration waste incinerator is installed, the overheating prevention device of the high-heating waste by using combustion gas recirculation characterized in that it comprises a. The method of claim 6, The supply pipe 60 of the combustion gas input device 50 is connected to the hopper part 32 on the dry end 33 side of the combustion device 30 to simultaneously input combustion air and combustion gas to delay combustion of waste. Incineration waste incinerator is installed, the overheat prevention device of the high-heat waste waste by combustion of the combustion gas recirculation. delete delete delete delete

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