KR101069459B1 - The Measurement Method and Apparatus of Ultrasound Re-direction Offset using Normal and Angled Ultrasonic Transducers - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, when examining anisotropic tissue or a material having high attenuation using ultrasonic waves, when the ultrasonic wave is refracted in the material and it is difficult to accurately estimate the position, vertical and square ultrasonic waves can measure how the ultrasonic wave is refracted in the material. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for measuring ultrasonic refractive index using a probe.

Knowing the exact angle of refraction of the transducer used is important to accurately assess the location of defects in the ultrasonography. If the inspector knows the wrong angle of refraction, the location and depth of the detected defects will result in totally different results, leading to problems in inspection reliability. However, to date, there has been a difficulty in evaluating the location and size of defects because there is no method and apparatus for measuring the amount of refraction in anisotropic materials by ultrasound.

 Therefore, in the present invention, before performing the inspection for the anisotropic material and the high attenuation material, the ultrasonic wave is measured by measuring the degree of refraction of the ultrasonic wave proceeding in the material and reflecting the amount of refraction to the defect detected during the inspection to evaluate the position and size of the defect. The defect evaluation of ultrasonic waves was performed more precisely.

Ultrasonic Refraction Measurement Method. Ultrasonic Refraction Measurement Device. Vertical and square ultrasonic transducers.

Description

The Measurement Method and Apparatus of Ultrasound Re-direction Offset using Normal and Angled Ultrasonic Transducers

According to the present invention, when examining anisotropic tissue or a material having high attenuation using ultrasonic waves, when the ultrasonic wave is refracted in the material and it is difficult to accurately estimate the position, vertical and square ultrasonic waves can measure how the ultrasonic wave is refracted in the material. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for measuring ultrasonic refractive index using a probe.

In general, an ultrasonic test for inspecting an abnormality or soundness of an industrial facility is suitable for contacting the ultrasonic probe generating ultrasonic waves to the inspection target and to properly transfer the ultrasonic wave to the interface between the inspection target and the ultrasonic probe sensor. Apply and perform inspection.

However, before performing these tests, the inspection system should be calibrated.

 The calibration work performed before the inspection involves checking the time-base linearity and amplitude of the equipment for the ultrasonic equipment that generates the ultrasonic waves, measuring the point of incidence to determine the exact position of the transducer where the ultrasonic waves enter the inspection object, and the ultrasonic waves. The angle of refraction measures how much refraction progresses in the test object. This calibration is to confirm the consistency of the inspection system for the inspection and to confirm that the performance of the inspection system was consistent throughout the inspection period.

In addition, if a defect is found during the inspection, accurate position and size evaluation of the defect is required. In order to accurately estimate the position and size of the defect, the measurement of the incident point and the refraction angle performed during the transducer calibration period has an important effect. As shown in FIG. 1, since the depth and position of the defect 120 found during the inspection are determined by the incident point and the refraction angle θ measured by the calibration operation, the accurate measurement of the defect 120 directly affects the precision of the inspection result. Go crazy.

However, when the texture of the material has a directionality, when evaluating the position and size of the defect using the angle of refraction measured by the calibration, there is a problem that the position measurement of the found defect is inaccurate and the size evaluation is not accurate.

When the inspection is performed on the material having the directionality of the tissue as shown in FIG. 3, even though the ultrasonic wave is incident at the actual refraction angle of the ultrasonic probe 100, the path of the ultrasonic wave actually proceeds in the material as shown in FIG. 130. But the inspector recognizes that the ultrasound is straight and proceeds along the path of 140, so the inspector not only evaluates the defect at position 180 at 190 but also the depth of the defect found. Errors also occur in the measurement. In general, when a defect occurs in the inspection of an important equipment, the failure mechanics evaluation is performed by using the location and size of the defect to evaluate the stability and life of the equipment.However, if the accurate information of the defect cannot be obtained due to the refraction of the ultrasonic beam Defect information used to assess the lifetime of a facility may be inaccurate and pose a threat to public safety.

In addition, in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-248589, the ultrasonic wave pulse is transmitted obliquely to the flaw face of the test body while being driven by a transmission signal and reflected by the acoustic discontinuity in the test body. A transducer for receiving an ultrasonic pulse as an echo, scanning mechanism means for moving the transducer over a predetermined scanning range on the test body and outputting a spatial position of the transducer, and the transmission signal Generates and outputs the signal to the probe, inputs and stores the received echo from the probe, and inputs the spatial position of the transducer when the ultrasonic pulse is transmitted from the scanning mechanism means and when the echo is received. Memory, and a fur by diffraction of an ultrasonic beam based on the spatial position of the transducer and the echo And the by the ultrasonic flaw detection apparatus characterized in that it includes transmission and reception means for detecting parts of the acoustical discontinuity are considered public,

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-278774 discloses a piezoelectric body 1, an epoxy resin layer 2 which bonds sound waves to the front surface of the piezoelectric body 1 to inject a sound wave into the flaw body 6 at a predetermined angle, and connects the flaw detector to input and output electrical signals. In the transducer of the non-destructive ultrasonic flaw detector composed of the connector 3, the transducer is coupled to the piezoelectric member 1 and the rotary shaft 12 of the piezoelectric member 1 is coupled to the plurality of linear array (Linear Array) form having a convex curvature in the direction of the specimen 6 And an adjustment handle 7 for varying the angle of incidence of the sound waves into the probe 6 inside the transducer, and an acoustic matching layer 8 located on the front side of the piezoelectric body 1 so that the sound waves can enter and exit the probe 6 smoothly. Signal line 9 which is connected to each piezoelectric element 1 to ensure smooth transmission of electrical signals, and external signal line which is connected to signal line 9 to the test equipment through connector 3 And a circuit substrate 10 which, for sound absorption of the sound waves to the rear side direction, and the non-destructive ultrasonic flaw detector for is described, characterized in that consists of the rear layer 11 which is located on the piezoelectric body 1, the rear side,

Publication No. 10-441757 has a plurality of transducers spaced apart from each other, and the transducer combination case for varying the scanning line to scan the ultrasonic wave as a whole in the thickness direction of the weld portion, and each of the transducers on one side A probe cable connected to an adapter provided at both sides to be connected to transmit information related to an ultrasonic signal, and an adapter connected to an adapter provided at one side of each probe cable to select a desired transducer to transmit a corresponding ultrasonic signal In the ultrasonic flaw detection apparatus composed of a selection switch,

The probes are three, but the distance between the first transducer and the second transducer is 15 mm, the distance between the second transducer and the third transducer is 16 mm, and each transducer is disposed to have an inclination angle of 70. Ultrasonic multiple scanning flaw detection apparatus for a welded part, characterized in that it is possible to scan the end of the 15 mm thick test piece.

When the inspection is performed up to now, if the tissue of the material has a direction, the inspector only recognizes that the ultrasonic beam is refracted in the material, but the technique and the measuring device that can reflect the result of the measurement by quantitative measurement It is a problem to be solved by the present invention to improve the problem that the defect information used in the life evaluation of a facility becomes inaccurate when it does not exist and cannot obtain accurate information.

Therefore, the present invention was invented to solve the above conventional problems, and the degree of refraction when the defect is found by measuring the degree of refraction when the ultrasonic wave is refracted while proceeding in the material due to the internal characteristics of the material to be inspected The present invention provides a method and apparatus for measuring the amount of refraction of ultrasonic waves using vertical and square ultrasonic probes capable of performing a more reliable inspection.

 In the present invention, there was a problem that an error existed in the evaluation of the location and size of the detected defect because the inspector could not measure the refraction of the ultrasonic beam, which was frequently generated in the inspection of the anisotropic material. By using the measuring method and apparatus, it is a very useful technique to accurately measure the amount of refraction generated as the ultrasonic waves progress in the material, thereby improving the reliability of the ultrasonic inspection results and facilitating the detection and evaluation of defects. .

The present invention for achieving the above object was made of the configuration as shown in [4] and [5]. The basic concept of the method for measuring the amount of refraction is shown in FIG. The vertical transducer 101 and the square transducer 102 are attached and fixed at the same position of the surface to be inspected. The amount of refraction by attaching the receiving transducer 103 to the opposite side and measuring the distance between the maximum amplitude of the signal received from the vertical transducer and the maximum amplitude of the signal received from the square transducer by receiving ultrasonic waves transmitted from the vertical and square transducers. It is a principle that can be measured.

 This principle is shown in more detail in FIG. Since the vertical transducer 101 advances without refracting in the material, when it enters vertically, it proceeds to the path 135 expected to be opposite to the bottom. However, since the square probe 102 is refracted due to the directionality of the material while entering and proceeding to the inspection object, the rectangular probe 102 proceeds to the refracted path 130 rather than the expected path 140. Therefore, the amount of refraction can be evaluated by measuring the distance between the refracted position 180 and the vertically incident position 135. In general, in the case of an isotropic material in which the ultrasonic waves proceed uniformly, the ultrasonic wave proceeds and the defect / starting distance or location between the probe and the probe is determined by the refraction angle (θ) of the ultrasonic wave measured by the probe calibration and the thickness of the test object ( It is calculated as follows by t).

Fault location =

However, when the beam is refracted, as shown in FIG. 3, the beam reaches the position of 180, and thus the difference between the distance A measured by the refraction measuring device and the value "C" obtained by the calculation is calculated as "B". This is the distance traveled by the actual beam being refracted.

In the present invention, the apparatus for measuring the amount of refraction precisely invented the device for measuring the amount of refraction 300 as shown in [4].

 The apparatus of the present invention has a main structure with a horizontal axis 350 disposed 90 degrees with a vertical axis in a rectangular frame having a vertical axis 340 with a gear machined thereon. The entire measuring device is absorbed by the suction plate 330 to the measurement target and moves the receiving probe 103 by the vertical axis driving device and the horizontal axis driving device including the encoder and the motor.

That is, the ultrasonic waves transmitted from the vertical probe 101 and the square probe 102 on the opposite side of the object to which the apparatus is attached by the vertical axis motor / encoder 310 and the horizontal axis motor / encoder 320 (probe drive device) are transmitted. The receiving probe 103 automatically receives the moving area as a whole.

The refractive index measuring apparatus 300 of the present invention is configured as shown in FIG. 5 to constitute the entire measuring system. The horizontal shaft motor / encoder 320 is connected to drive the refractive index measuring apparatus 300 to drive the motor, and records the position of the receiving transducer 103 from the horizontal shaft motor encoder 320 and transmits the position to the computer 410. . In addition, an ultrasonic pulse receiver 400 for generating ultrasonic waves in the vertical transducer 101 and the square transducer 102 and receiving ultrasonic waves from the receiving transducer 103 attached to the refractive index measuring device 300 is provided. The ultrasonic pulse receiver 400 of the present invention measures the amplitude value 150 of the ultrasonic wave received from the receiving transducer 103 using the gate 160 as shown in FIG. 5 and measures the amplitude value 150 of the ultrasonic wave. To the computer 410. In the computer, the amplitude value of the horizontal-vertical axis is represented by the position value received from the encoder and the amplitude value received by the ultrasonic pulse receiver. 7 shows the amplitude value 210 received from the vertical transducer 101 and the amplitude value 220 received from the square transducer 102. The maximum value is obtained from each of the two amplitude values, and the distance is measured. 3, the amount of refraction measurement is completed by obtaining a value corresponding to the value "A". In FIG. 7 showing the measurement result, the estimated position 230 of the beam proceeds normally when the beam is not refracted, and the color map 26 is provided so that colors are displayed differently according to the magnitude of the received amplitude value. have.

As a result, in order to solve the problem that the inspector was unable to measure the amount of refraction in the conventional ultrasonic examination where the beam is refracted, there was an error in measuring the position of the defect. By inventing a method and apparatus that can substantially measure the distance from the ultrasonic wave that has been refracted by the incident light, it is possible to accurately perform ultrasonic inspection and to evaluate defects during nondestructive inspection using ultrasonic waves in the general industry.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples.

Example

After installing a rectangular frame having a vertical axis 340, the gear is processed to the object to be measured, and fixed by positioning the suction plate 330 in the lower corner,

 A vertical shaft moto / encoder 310 installed at one side of the horizontal shaft 350 that is horizontally connected to one side of the vertical shaft 340 to vertically move the entire horizontal shaft 350,

A horizontal shaft motor / encoder 320 installed at a central side of the horizontal shaft 350 to move horizontally,

After installing the receiving transducer 103 in the transducer holder 360 attached to the horizontal axis motor / encoder 320,

 The vertical axis motor / encoder 310 and the horizontal axis motor / encoder 320 are operated to move the receiving transducer 103 up and down to be measured,

When receiving the vertical transducer 101 and the square transducer 102 (usually composed of a pair) along the receiving transducer 103 manually on the opposite side of the object,

 Record the position of the receiving transducer 103 from the horizontal axis motor / encoder 320 and transfer it to the computer 410,

 Generate ultrasonic waves to the vertical transducer 101 and the square transducer 102 and send the ultrasonic signals received from the receiving transducer 103 to the ultrasonic pulse receiver 400,

 The ultrasonic pulse receiver 400 measures the amplitude value 150 of the received ultrasonic waves using the gate 160 as shown in FIG. 6, and transmits the measured amplitude values 150 of the ultrasonic waves to the computer 410. The computer 410 illustrates the change in color according to the amplitude value of the amplitude value on the horizontal-vertical axis with the position value received from the horizontal axis motor / encoder 320 and the amplitude value received from the ultrasonic pulse receiver 400 [Fig. 7] measure the same result.

7 shows the amplitude value 210 received from the vertical transducer 101 and the amplitude value 220 received from the square transducer 102. The maximum value is obtained from each of the two amplitude values, and the distance is measured. In FIG. 3, the amount of refraction was measured by obtaining a value corresponding to the "A" value, and the amount of ultrasonic refraction was measured using a vertical and square ultrasonic transducers.

In FIG. 7 showing the measurement result, the beam predicted position 230 of the beam normally proceeded without being refracted, and the color map 26 is provided so that the color is displayed differently according to the magnitude of the received amplitude value. .

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to the structure, as shown in Figure 3, the ultrasonic refractive index measuring device using the vertical and square ultrasonic transducer of the present invention

 A rectangular frame composed of four vertical shafts 340 on which gears are machined, a horizontal shaft 350 connected horizontally to a middle side of the vertical shaft 340 by a slider 370,

Four adsorption plates 330 installed under the corners of the rectangular frame of the four vertical shafts 340,

A vertical shaft motto / encoder 310 installed at one side of the horizontal shaft 350 to vertically move the horizontal shaft 350;

A horizontal shaft motor / encoder 320 installed at a central side of the horizontal shaft 350 to move horizontally;

A receiving probe 103 installed in the probe holder 360 attached to the horizontal motor / encoder 320;

A probe support spring 390 attached to the probe holder 360 to mitigate the impact of the receiving probe 103 during movement;

It can be seen that it is installed on the opposite side of the object to be measured is composed of a vertical transducer 101 and a rectangular transducer 102 to move manually according to the movement of the receiving transducer 103.

     1 is a view showing the principle of location measurement of defects using the refraction angle during ultrasonic examination

2 is a conceptual diagram of the position of the transducer for measuring the amount of refraction

3 is a deviation generated when the ultrasound is refracted and when going straight

Figure 4 is a detailed view of the ultrasonic refractive index measuring device using the vertical and square ultrasonic transducer of the present invention

5 is a block diagram of the ultrasonic refractive index measuring device using the vertical and square ultrasonic transducer of the present invention

Figure 6 is a gate setting graph for the amplitude measurement received by the receiving probe of the present invention

7 is a view showing a result of measuring the amount of refraction measured using the refraction measurement device of the present invention

Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

100- ultrasonic transducer 101-vertical transducer

102- square transducer (45 degrees, 60 degrees or 70 degrees)

103- receive transducer

110- What to test

120- Defect 130- Ultrasonically Refracted Ultrasound

135- Vertically Ultrasound 140- Straight Ultrasound

150- Amplitude of Ultrasonic Signal 160- Amplitude Gate

170- Ultrasonic transducer for reception 180- Location of actual defect

190-The location of the defect as perceived by the inspector

Amplitude value received from 210-vertical transducer

Amplitude value received from 220-square transducer

Signal generation position when 230-square transducer proceeds normally

240, 250-cross section of received signal

260-color variation with amplitude

300- Refractive Meter 310- Vertical Motor / Encoder

320- horizontal motor / encoder 330- suction plate

340- vertical axis 350- horizontal axis

360- transducer holder 370- slider

380- Encoder Drive Gear 390-Probe Support Spring

400-Ultrasonic Pulse Receiver 410- Computer

420- motor drive and controller

Claims (4)

delete delete In the ultrasonic refractive index measurement method using the vertical and square ultrasonic transducer, After installing a rectangular frame having a vertical axis 340, the gear is processed to the object to be measured, and fixed by positioning the suction plate 330 in the lower corner,  A vertical shaft moto / encoder 310 installed at one side of the horizontal shaft 350 that is horizontally connected to one side of the vertical shaft 340 to vertically move the entire horizontal shaft 350, A horizontal shaft motor / encoder 320 installed at a central side of the horizontal shaft 350 to move horizontally, After installing the receiving transducer 103 in the transducer holder 360 attached to the horizontal axis motor / encoder 320, The vertical axis motor / encoder 310 and the horizontal axis motor / encoder 320 are operated to move the receiving transducer 103 up and down to be measured, When receiving the vertical transducer 101 and the square transducer 102 (usually composed of a pair) along the receiving transducer 103 manually on the opposite side of the object, Record the position of the receiving transducer 103 from the horizontal axis motor / encoder 320 and transfer it to the computer 410,  Generate ultrasonic waves to the vertical transducer 101 and the square transducer 102 and send the ultrasonic signals received from the receiving transducer 103 to the ultrasonic pulse receiver 400,  When the ultrasonic pulse receiver 400 measures the amplitude value 150 of the received ultrasonic waves using the gate 160 and transmits the measured amplitude value 150 of the ultrasonic waves to the computer 410, the computer 410 has a horizontal axis. The amplitude value is plotted on the horizontal-vertical axis with the position value received from the motor / encoder 320 and the amplitude value received by the ultrasonic pulse receiver 400, and the result is measured by measuring the color change according to the amplitude value. In the measurement result as described above, the amplitude value 210 received from the vertical transducer 101 and the amplitude value 220 received from the square transducer 102 are displayed, and the distance is measured by obtaining the maximum value from the two amplitude values. Ultrasonic refractive index measurement method using the vertical and square ultrasonic transducer, characterized in that for measuring the refractive index by obtaining a value corresponding to the "A" value. In the ultrasonic refraction measuring device using the vertical and square ultrasonic transducer, A rectangular frame composed of four vertical shafts 340 on which gears are processed, a horizontal shaft 350 connected horizontally to a middle side of the vertical shaft 340 by a slider 370, Four adsorption plates 330 installed under the corners of the rectangular frame of the four vertical shafts 340, A vertical shaft motto / encoder 310 installed at one side of the horizontal shaft 350 to vertically move the horizontal shaft 350; A horizontal shaft motor / encoder 320 installed at a central side of the horizontal shaft 350 to move horizontally; A receiving probe 103 installed in the probe holder 360 attached to the horizontal motor / encoder 320; A probe support spring 390 attached to the probe holder 360 to mitigate the impact of the receiving probe 103 during movement; Ultrasonic refraction using vertical and square ultrasonic transducers, which are installed on the opposite side of the object and include vertical transducers 101 and square transducers 102 which are manually moved in accordance with the movement of the receiving transducer 103. Volume measuring device.

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