KR101052776B1 - Water heating system using high efficiency absorbtion heat pump having heat exchanger - Google Patents

Water heating system using high efficiency absorbtion heat pump having heat exchanger Download PDF

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KR101052776B1
KR101052776B1 KR1020110045228A KR20110045228A KR101052776B1 KR 101052776 B1 KR101052776 B1 KR 101052776B1 KR 1020110045228 A KR1020110045228 A KR 1020110045228A KR 20110045228 A KR20110045228 A KR 20110045228A KR 101052776 B1 KR101052776 B1 KR 101052776B1
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heat exchanger
heating water
regenerator
condenser
absorber
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Korean (ko)
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황우정
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(주) 씨테크놀로지시스템
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0207—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps district heating system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/13—Heat from a district heating network
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/17—District heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]

Abstract

PURPOSE: A district hot water heating system using a high efficiency absorption type heat pump including a heat exchanger is provided to heat up hot water at the suitable temperature for district heating using waste heat by improving the efficiency of a heat pump, and to heighten efficiency by preventing the crystallization of a coolant of a heat pump. CONSTITUTION: A district hot water heating system using a high efficiency absorption type heat pump including a heat exchanger contains: a absorption type heat pump(100) including an absorber(140), a regenerator(120), a condenser(170), an evaporator(150), a solution heat exchanger(130), and a coolant heat exchanger(160); and a condenser(180) installed to circulate a coolant with the evaporator.

Description

열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템{WATER HEATING SYSTEM USING HIGH EFFICIENCY ABSORBTION HEAT PUMP HAVING HEAT EXCHANGER}District heating water heating system using high efficiency absorption heat pump including heat exchanger {WATER HEATING SYSTEM USING HIGH EFFICIENCY ABSORBTION HEAT PUMP HAVING HEAT EXCHANGER}

본 발명은 히트펌프를 이용한 지역 난방수 가열시스템에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 히트 펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a district heating water heating system using a heat pump, and more particularly, to a district heating water heating system using a high efficiency heat pump including a heat exchanger.

지역난방시스템은 아파트와 같이 가옥이 밀집한 지역의 인근에 열병합 발전소와 같은 시설을 설치하고, 발전소에서 전력을 생산할 때 생산된 스팀으로 난방수를 가열하여 가옥에 공급하는 것이 일반적이다.In district heating system, it is common to install facilities such as cogeneration plants in the neighborhood of dense houses such as apartments, and heat the heating water with steam produced when power is generated at the power plants to supply the houses.

최근에는 발전소나 산업시설의 냉각탑 등에서 버려지는 폐열을 회수하기 위한 방법으로 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용하여 지역난방수를 가열하기 위한 방법이 제안되고 있다. 본 발명의 발명자가 공동발명자로 출원하고, 발명의 명칭이 '히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 공급시스템'인 대한민국 특허 제10-975276호에는 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용하여 폐열을 재생하여 지역난방수 가열에 사용하기 위한 시스템이 공개되어 있다. 상기 문헌에 공개된 발명은, 지역 난방수가 흡수기를 거치면서 증발기로부터 공급된 냉매증기와 열교환 되어 1차 가열되고, 재생기에서 발생된 고온의 냉매증기에 의해 응축기를 거치면서 2차 가열되어 공급되도록 되어 있다.Recently, a method for heating district heating water using an absorption heat pump has been proposed as a method for recovering waste heat discarded in a cooling tower of a power plant or an industrial facility. The inventor of the present invention filed as a co-inventor, and the Korean Patent No. 10-975276, which is the name of the district heating water supply system using a heat pump, regenerates waste heat using an absorption heat pump to heat the district heating water. Systems for use are publicly available. The invention disclosed in the above document is heat exchanged with the refrigerant vapor supplied from the evaporator while passing through the absorber, the first heating, and the second heating through the condenser by the high temperature refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator is to be supplied have.

대한민국 등록특허 제10-975276호, 발명의 명칭 '흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 공급 시스템'Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-975276, Name of the invention 'Area heating water supply system using the absorption heat pump'

그러나, 상기의 특허문헌에 공개된 발명은 다음과 같은 문제점이 있다. 첫째, 1차로 흡수기에서 가열되고 2차로 응축기에서 가열되어 배출되는 난방수가 지역난방에 사용할 수 있는 온도(약 섭씨 105도)이상으로 충분히 가열되지 못한다. 상기 문헌에 공개된 발명은 난방수의 온도를 지역난방에 적합한 온도로 승온시키기 위하여 별도의 히터를 설치하는 방법을 제시하고 있으나, 폐열 회수 효율을 저하시키기 때문에 경제성이 없게 되는 문제점이 있다.However, the invention disclosed in the above patent document has the following problems. First, the heating water, first heated in the absorber and secondly heated in the condenser, is not heated enough above the temperature (about 105 degrees Celsius) available for district heating. The invention disclosed in the above document proposes a method of installing a separate heater to raise the temperature of the heating water to a temperature suitable for district heating, but there is a problem in that it becomes economical because it lowers the waste heat recovery efficiency.

둘째, 히트펌프에서 냉매가 고농도로 인하여 결정화되어 효율이 떨어진다. 히트펌프에서 냉매는 효율에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요소중의 하나이다. 히트펌프는 적절한 냉매 운영 조건에서 동작을 해야 원하는 효율과 온도를 만들어 낼 수 있다. 종래의 난방수 가열시스템은 응축기의 냉매 온도를 적절한 수준으로 유지할 수 없어서 결정화가 발생하여 효율이 떨어지는 문제점이 있다.Second, in the heat pump, the refrigerant is crystallized due to the high concentration, which decreases the efficiency. In heat pumps, refrigerant is one of the important factors affecting the efficiency. The heat pump must be operated at the proper refrigerant operating conditions to achieve the desired efficiency and temperature. Conventional heating water heating system has a problem that can not maintain the refrigerant temperature of the condenser at an appropriate level, the crystallization occurs and the efficiency is lowered.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래의 지역 난방수 가열 시스템의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것이다. 본 발명의 목적은 히트펌프의 성능을 개선하여 폐열을 이용하여 지역난방에 적합한 온도로 난방수를 가열할 수 있는 지역난방수 가열시스템을 제공하는 것이다. 또한 본 발명의 목적은 히트펌프의 냉매의 결정화를 방지하여 효율을 높일 수 있는 지역난방수 가열시스템을 제공하는 것이다.The present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional district heating water heating system as described above. An object of the present invention is to improve the performance of the heat pump to provide a district heating water heating system capable of heating the heating water to a temperature suitable for district heating using waste heat. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a district heating water heating system that can increase the efficiency by preventing the crystallization of the refrigerant of the heat pump.

본 발명의 일 측면에 따른 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템은, 재생기, 흡수기, 응축기, 증발기, 용액열교환기, 난방수열교환기를 포함하는 히트펌프와, 상기 증발기와 냉각수가 순환하도록 설치된 복수기를 포함하고, 상기 용액열교환기는 흡수기와 재생기 사이에 설치되어 있다. 외부에서 공급되는 스팀은, 재생기를 통과하면서 냉각되어 환류되도록 되어 있다. 또한, 공급된 난방수의 일부는, 흡수기와 응축기를 통과하면서 가열되어 배출되도록 되어 있고, 동시에 공급된 난방수의 나머지는 난방수열교환기와 응축기를 통과하면서 가열된 후 배출되도록 되어 있다. 또한, 히트펌프의 냉매는 흡수기, 용액열교환기, 재생기, 응축기, 난방수열교환기, 증발기를 순환하도록 되어 있고, 동시에 재생기로부터 발생한 진한냉매용액은 흡수기에서 재생기로 공급되는 묽은냉매용액과 용액열교환기에서 열교환 되고 흡수기로 환류되도록 되어 있다.District heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger according to an aspect of the present invention, a heat pump including a regenerator, absorber, condenser, evaporator, solution heat exchanger, heating water heat exchanger, and the evaporator and cooling water And a condenser provided to circulate, wherein the solution heat exchanger is provided between the absorber and the regenerator. The steam supplied from outside is cooled and refluxed while passing through the regenerator. In addition, a part of the supplied heating water is heated and discharged while passing through the absorber and the condenser, and the remainder of the supplied heating water is discharged after being heated while passing through the heating water heat exchanger and the condenser. In addition, the refrigerant of the heat pump is configured to circulate the absorber, the solution heat exchanger, the regenerator, the condenser, the heating water heat exchanger, and the evaporator, and at the same time, the concentrated refrigerant solution generated from the regenerator is used in the diluted refrigerant solution Heat exchange and reflux to the absorber.

본 발명의 다른 측면에 따른 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템은, 재생기, 흡수기, 응축기, 증발기, 용액열교환기, 난방수열교환기를 포함하는 히트펌프와, 상기 증발기와 냉각수가 순환하도록 설치된 복수기를 포함하고, 상기 용액열교환기는 흡수기와 재생기 사이에 설치되어 있다. 또한, 외부에서 공급되는 스팀은 재생기와 난방수열교환기를 통과하면서 냉각되어 환류되도록 되어 있다. 또한, 공급되는 난방수는 흡수기와 응축기와 난방수열교환기를 통과하면서 가열되어 배출되도록 되어 있다. 또한, 히트펌프의 냉매는 흡수기, 용액열교환기, 재생기, 응축기, 증발기를 순환하도록 되어 있고, 동시에 재생기로부터 발생한 진한냉매용액은 흡수기에서 재생기로 공급되는 묽은 냉매용액과 용액열교환기에서 열교환 되고 흡수기로 환류되도록 되어 있다.District heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump comprising a heat exchanger according to another aspect of the present invention, a heat pump including a regenerator, absorber, condenser, evaporator, solution heat exchanger, heating water heat exchanger, and the evaporator and cooling water And a condenser provided to circulate, wherein the solution heat exchanger is provided between the absorber and the regenerator. In addition, the steam supplied from the outside is cooled to reflux while passing through the regenerator and the heating water heat exchanger. In addition, the supplied heating water is heated and discharged while passing through the absorber, the condenser and the heating water heat exchanger. In addition, the refrigerant of the heat pump is configured to circulate the absorber, the solution heat exchanger, the regenerator, the condenser and the evaporator, and at the same time, the concentrated refrigerant solution generated from the regenerator is heat-exchanged in the thin refrigerant solution and the solution heat exchanger supplied from the absorber to the regenerator. It is designed to reflux.

본 발명의 또 다른 측면에 따른 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템은, 재생기, 흡수기, 응축기, 증발기, 용액열교환기, 제1난방수열교환기, 제2난방수열교환기를 포함하는 히트펌프와, 상기 증발기와 냉각수가 순환하도록 설치된 복수기를 포함하고, 상기 용액열교환기는 흡수기와 재생기 사이에 설치되어 있다. 외부에서 공급되는 스팀은, 재생기를 통과하면서 냉각되어 환류되도록 되어 있다. 또한, 공급된 난방수의 일부는 흡수기와 제1 난방수열교환기와 응축기를 통과하면서 가열되어 배출되도록 되어 있고, 동시에 공급된 난방수의 나머지는 제2난방수열교환기와 응축기를 통과하면서 가열된 후 배출되도록 되어 있다. 또한, 히트펌프의 냉매는 흡수기, 용액열교환기, 재생기, 응축기, 제2 난방수열교환기, 증발기를 순환하도록 되어 있고, 동시에 재생기로부터 발생한 진한냉매용액은 흡수기에서 재생기로 공급되는 묽은 냉매용액과 용액열교환기에서 1차로 열교환 된 후 제1난방수열교환기에서 흡수기에서 응축기로 공급되는 난방수와 2차로 열교환되어 흡수기로 환류되도록 되어 있다.District heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger according to another aspect of the present invention, including a regenerator, absorber, condenser, evaporator, solution heat exchanger, first heating water heat exchanger, second heating water heat exchanger A heat pump and a condenser provided to circulate the evaporator and cooling water, and the solution heat exchanger is provided between the absorber and the regenerator. The steam supplied from outside is cooled and refluxed while passing through the regenerator. In addition, part of the supplied heating water is heated and discharged while passing through the absorber, the first heating water heat exchanger, and the condenser, and at the same time, the remainder of the supplied heating water is discharged after being heated while passing through the second heating water heat exchanger and the condenser. It is supposed to be. In addition, the refrigerant of the heat pump is configured to circulate the absorber, the solution heat exchanger, the regenerator, the condenser, the second heating water heat exchanger, and the evaporator. After the first heat exchange in the heat exchanger in the first heating water heat exchanger, the heat exchanger with the heating water supplied to the condenser from the absorber to the second is to be refluxed to the absorber.

본 발명에 있어서, 냉매는 리튬브로마이드 용액을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. 냉매로 리튬브로마이드 용액을 사용할 경우, 재생기에서 냉매의 압력은 500 - 550 mmHG 범위이고, 농도는 55 - 65 % 범위가 되도록 하는 것이 보다 바람직하다. 또한, 재생기의 온도는 온도는 150 - 155 ℃ 범위이고, 응축기의 온도는 85 - 90 ℃ 범위가 되도록 하는 것이 보다 바람직하다.In the present invention, the refrigerant is preferably a lithium bromide solution. When using a lithium bromide solution as the refrigerant, it is more preferable that the pressure of the refrigerant in the regenerator is in the range of 500-550 mmHG and the concentration is in the range of 55-65%. In addition, it is more preferable that the temperature of the regenerator is in the range of 150 to 155 ° C, and the temperature of the condenser is in the range of 85 to 90 ° C.

본 발명에 따르면, 흡수식 히트펌프가 좀 더 높은 온도 조건에서 사이클을 구성할 수 있도록 하여, 폐열 회수 효율을 향상하고 및 냉매의 안정적인 작동을 달성할 수 있게 된다. 또한, 히트펌프가 보다 높은 온도 조건에서 사이클을 구성하므로, 보다 높은 온도의 난방수를 공급할 있게 되어 별도의 히터를 사용하지 않고서 수용가에서 요구하는 난방수의 온도조건을 만족할 수 있게 된다.According to the present invention, the absorption heat pump allows the cycle to be configured at higher temperature conditions, thereby improving waste heat recovery efficiency and achieving stable operation of the refrigerant. In addition, since the heat pump constitutes a cycle at a higher temperature condition, it is possible to supply a higher temperature of heating water, thereby satisfying the temperature condition of the heating water required by the consumer without using a separate heater.

본 발명에 따르면 수용가 에서 요구하는 조건의 난방수를 경제적으로 공급할 수 있는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 제공하여, 발전소나 산업시설 등에서 배출되는 폐열을 회수하여 재활용할 수 있게 되어 자원 재활용을 통한 지구 온난화 방지에도 기여하게 된다.According to the present invention, by providing a high-efficiency absorption heat pump that can economically supply the heating water in the condition required by the consumer, it is possible to recover and recycle the waste heat discharged from power plants or industrial facilities, and to prevent global warming through resource recycling Will contribute.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템의 일실시예의 개략도
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템의 다른 실시예의 개략도
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템의 또 다른 실시예의 개략도
도 4는 리튬브로마이드 냉매의 온도, 압력 변화에 따른 농도 선도1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger according to the present invention
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger according to the present invention
4 is a concentration diagram according to temperature and pressure change of the lithium bromide refrigerant

이하에서는 첨부의 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger according to the present invention.

도 1에 도시된 실시예의 지역난방수 가열시스템은, 발전소의 터빈(110)으로부터 고온의 스팀을 배관(10)을 통하여 공급받는다. 공급된 스팀은 재생기(120)에서 저온의 냉매와 열교환되어 배관(11)을 통하여 발전소의 보일러(182)로 보내진다.The district heating water heating system of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 receives hot steam from the turbine 110 of the power plant through the pipe 10. The supplied steam exchanges heat with the low temperature refrigerant in the regenerator 120 and is sent to the boiler 182 of the power plant through the pipe 11.

본 실시예의 흡수식 히트펌프(100)는 흡수기(140)와, 재생기(120)와, 응축기(170)와 증발기(150)와 용액열교환기(130)와 냉각수열교환기(160)를 포함한다. 지역 난방을 위한 난방수는 지역난방수 저장탱크(181)로부터 공급된다. 배관(20)을 통하여 공급되는 난방수의 일부는 흡수기(140)에서 1차로 가열되고, 응축기(170)에서 2차로 가열된다. 또한, 배관(20)을 통하여 공급되는 난방수의 나머지는 분기 배관(21)을 통하여 난방수열교관기(160)에서 1차로 가열되고 응축기(170)에서 2차로 가열된다. 응축기(170)에서 2차로 가열된 난방수는 배관(24)을 통하여 수용가(183)에 공급된다.The absorption heat pump 100 of the present embodiment includes an absorber 140, a regenerator 120, a condenser 170, an evaporator 150, a solution heat exchanger 130, and a cooling water heat exchanger 160. Heating water for district heating is supplied from the district heating water storage tank 181. A portion of the heating water supplied through the pipe 20 is primarily heated in the absorber 140 and secondly heated in the condenser 170. In addition, the remainder of the heating water supplied through the pipe 20 is primarily heated in the heating water heat instructor 160 through the branch pipe 21 and secondly heated in the condenser 170. Secondary heating water heated in the condenser 170 is supplied to the customer 183 through the pipe 24.

증발기(150)는 펌프(184)에 의하여 복수기(180) 사이를 순환하는 냉각수를 공급받아 냉매용액을 가열 증발시켜서 배관(8)을 통하여 흡수기(140)로 공급한다. 흡수기(140)로 공급된 냉매증기는 난방수를 가열하여 응축되고, 재생기(120)에서 공급되는 진한냉매용액을 희석하여 묽은 냉매용액이 된다. 흡수기(140)의 묽은 냉매용액은 펌프(185)에 의해서 재생기(120)로 보내진다. 재생기(120)로 공급된 묽은냉매용액은 스팀에 의하여 가열되어 고온의 진한냉매용액과 냉매증기로 분리된다. 고온의 진한용액은 배관(3)을 통하여 용액열교환기(130)에서 저온의 묽은 냉매용액과 열교환되어 다시 흡수기(140)로 공급된다. 또한, 냉매증기는 배관(5)을 통하여 응축기(170)로 보내진다. 응축기(170)에서 냉매증기는 배관(23)을 통하여 공급된 난방수을 가열하고 응축되어 난방수열교환기(160)로 보내진다. 응축된 냉매는 난방수열교환기(160)에서 분지배관(21)을 통하여 공급된 난방수를 한 번 가열하고 증발기(150)로 공급된다. 상기와 같이, 냉매는 흡수기(140)와, 재생기(120)와, 응축기(170)와 증발기(150)와 용액열교환기(130)와 냉각수열교환기(160)에서 순환을 반복한다.The evaporator 150 receives the cooling water circulated between the condenser 180 by the pump 184 and heats and evaporates the refrigerant solution to supply the absorber 140 through the pipe 8. The refrigerant vapor supplied to the absorber 140 is heated to condense by heating the heating water, and the concentrated refrigerant solution supplied from the regenerator 120 is diluted to become a thin refrigerant solution. The thin refrigerant solution of the absorber 140 is sent to the regenerator 120 by the pump 185. The thin refrigerant solution supplied to the regenerator 120 is heated by steam and separated into a high temperature thick refrigerant solution and a refrigerant vapor. The high temperature thick solution is heat-exchanged with the low temperature thin refrigerant solution in the solution heat exchanger 130 through the pipe 3 and is supplied to the absorber 140 again. In addition, the refrigerant vapor is sent to the condenser 170 through the pipe (5). In the condenser 170, the refrigerant vapor heats and condenses the heating water supplied through the pipe 23 and is sent to the heating water heat exchanger 160. The condensed refrigerant heats the heating water supplied through the branch pipe 21 from the heating water heat exchanger 160 once and is supplied to the evaporator 150. As described above, the refrigerant is repeated in the absorber 140, the regenerator 120, the condenser 170, the evaporator 150, the solution heat exchanger 130, and the coolant heat exchanger 160.

도1의 실시예와 같은 시스템은, 히트펌프 내부에 난방수열교환기(160)를 포함하고 있어서, 재생기(120)로 유입되는 스팀의 양을 감소시키고 난방수의 온도를 높일 수 있어서, 종래의 히트펌프를 이용한 난방수 가열 시스템보다 높은 온도의 난방수를 얻으면서 효율을 높일 수 있다. 즉, 종래의 히트펌프 사이클에서 흡수기(140)로 유입되는 난방수의 일부를 분지배관(21)을 통하여 난방수열교환기(160)로 보내는 구성을 추가하여, 응축기(120)에서 응축되어 배출되는 고온의 냉매와 열교환 시켜서 난방수의 온도를 높이는 효과를 갖는다. 또한, 증발기(150)로 유입되는 냉매의 온도를 낮추어서 증발기의 전열면을 감소시킬 수 있게 되며, 복수기(180)의 냉각수의 순환량을 감소시킬 수 있어서 시스템 전체의 효율을 증가 시킬 수 있다. 또한, 냉각탑의 냉각수를 히트펌프의 증발기(150) 열원으로 사용하면, 냉각탑을 설치하지 않아도 되기 때문에 환경오염을 방지하고, 시설비를 절감할 수 있다.The system as in the embodiment of FIG. 1 includes a heating water heat exchanger 160 inside the heat pump, thereby reducing the amount of steam flowing into the regenerator 120 and increasing the temperature of the heating water, thereby providing a conventional heat pump. Heating efficiency using a pump It is possible to increase efficiency while obtaining a higher temperature of heating water than a heating system. That is, in the conventional heat pump cycle, a part of the heating water flowing into the absorber 140 is added to the heating water heat exchanger 160 through the branch pipe 21, and the high temperature condensed and discharged from the condenser 120 is added. It has the effect of raising the temperature of the heating water by heat exchange with the refrigerant. In addition, it is possible to reduce the heat transfer surface of the evaporator by lowering the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 150, it is possible to reduce the circulation amount of the cooling water of the condenser 180 can increase the efficiency of the entire system. In addition, when the cooling water of the cooling tower is used as the heat source of the evaporator 150 of the heat pump, the cooling tower does not need to be installed, thereby preventing environmental pollution and reducing facility costs.

일반적으로 히트 펌프에서 냉매의 고농도로 인한 결정화(Crystallization)는 히트 펌프의 효율을 저하시키는 중요한 요소이다. 냉매를 결정화 시키는데 있어서 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요소는 온도이다. 또한, 히트 펌프의 싸이클을 구성하는 증발기, 흡수기, 재생기, 응축기 중에서 가장 고온으로 되는 재생기의 온도가 히트펌프의 효율에 가장 큰 영향을 준다.In general, crystallization (Crystallization) due to the high concentration of the refrigerant in the heat pump is an important factor to reduce the efficiency of the heat pump. The most influential factor in crystallizing a refrigerant is temperature. In addition, the temperature of the regenerator which becomes the highest temperature among the evaporator, absorber, regenerator, and condenser constituting the cycle of the heat pump has the greatest influence on the efficiency of the heat pump.

도 4에는 리튬브로마이드 냉매의 온도, 압력 변화에 따른 농도 선도를 도시한다. 리튬브로마이드 용액이 냉매로서 효과적인 성능을 발휘하는 농도는 55% ~ 63.5% 이며, 도 4의 선도에서 재생기의 압력이 525mm HG 에서 리튬브로마이드 용액은 63.5% 의 농도를 갖고, 재생기의 온도가 151oC 가 된다. 이러한 환경에서 재생기와 연결된 응축기의 온도는 85oC ~ 90oC 를 유지할 경우 히트펌프의 효율이 최적이 된다. 즉, 재생기와 응축기의 온도를 고온으로 유지하여야 히트펌프를 최적의 효율을 갖도록 운전할 수 있다.4 is a concentration diagram according to temperature and pressure change of the lithium bromide refrigerant. The concentration of lithium bromide solution effective as a refrigerant ranges from 55% to 63.5%. In the diagram of FIG. 4, the lithium bromide solution has a concentration of 63.5% at 525 mm HG, and the temperature of the regenerator is 151 o C. Becomes Under these circumstances, the heat pump efficiency is optimal when the condenser connected to the regenerator is maintained at 85 o C to 90 o C. In other words, the temperature of the regenerator and the condenser must be maintained at a high temperature so that the heat pump can be operated for optimum efficiency.

도 4를 참조하면, 난방수열교환기를 구비하지 않는 종래의 흡수식 히트 펌프를 이용한 난방수 가열 시스템에서 냉매는 그래프에 도시된 A-B-C-D 경로의 사이클을 순환하게 된다. 또한, ABCD 경로로 둘러싸인 면적은 히트펌프의 효율을 나타낸다. 본 실시예와 같이, 난방수 열교환기를 구비한 히트펌프는 보다 고온의 환경에서 운전이 가능하게 되어, 도 4의 선도에 도시된 것과 같이 A-B'-C'-D 경로의 사이클을 순환하게 된다. 즉, 종래의 히트펌프 사이클보다 높은 온도에서 작동하고, 따라서, 경로 A-B'C'-D에 의하여 둘러싸인 면적이 넓어져서 종래의 히트펌프 사이클보다 효율이 높게 된다.Referring to FIG. 4, in a heating water heating system using a conventional absorption type heat pump without a heating water heat exchanger, the refrigerant is circulated in the cycle of the A-B-C-D path shown in the graph. In addition, the area enclosed by the ABCD path represents the efficiency of the heat pump. As in the present embodiment, the heat pump having the heating water heat exchanger can be operated in a higher temperature environment, thereby circulating the cycle of the A-B'-C'-D path as shown in the diagram of FIG. do. That is, it operates at a higher temperature than the conventional heat pump cycle, and therefore, the area surrounded by the paths A-B'C'-D is enlarged, resulting in higher efficiency than the conventional heat pump cycle.

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템의 다른 실시예의 개략도이다. 도 2에 도시된 실시예가 도 1에 도시된 실시예와 차이점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 난방수열교환기(190)를 배관(24)를 통하여 응축기(170)와 연결하고 배관(12)를 통하여 재생기(120)에 연결되도록 구성하였다. 둘째, 난방수탱크(181)에서 공급되는 난방수를 분기시키지 않고 흡수기(140)에 1차로 가열하고, 응축기(170)에서 2차로 가열하고, 난방수열교환기(190)에서 3차로 가열되도록 하였다. 셋째, 재생기(120)에서 배출되는 증기를 난방수열교환기(190)를 통과하여 배출되도록 하였다. 즉, 재생기(120)에서 배출되는 증기를 난방수열교환기(190)에서 3차로 난방수를 가열하도록 구성하여 열원인 스팀량을 대폭 줄여서 효율을 높일 수 있게 된다.Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger according to the present invention. 2 is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 as follows. First, the heating water heat exchanger 190 is configured to be connected to the condenser 170 through the pipe 24 and to the regenerator 120 through the pipe 12. Second, the heating water supplied from the heating water tank 181 is first heated in the absorber 140, the second heating in the condenser 170, and the third heating in the heating water heat exchanger 190. Third, the steam discharged from the regenerator 120 is discharged through the heating water heat exchanger 190. That is, the steam discharged from the regenerator 120 may be configured to heat the heating water in the heating water heat exchanger 190 in a third order, thereby greatly reducing the amount of steam as a heat source, thereby increasing efficiency.

도 3은 본 발명에 따른 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템의 또 다른 실시예의 개략도이다. 도3에 도시된 실시예가 도 1에 도시된 실시예와 차이점은 난방수열교환기를 흡수기와 재생기 사이에 하나 더 추가 설치한 점이다. 즉 흡수기(140)를 통과하여 1차로 가열된 난방수가 제2 난방수열교환기(190)를 통하하도록 하여 2차로 가열되고, 응축기(170)에서 3차로 가열되도록 하여 난방수의 온도를 높일 수 있도록 하였다. 또한, 용액열교환기(130)를 통과한 고온의 진한냉매용액이 제2난방수열교환기(190)를 통과되도록 하여 3차로 난방수와 열교환이 되도록 하였다. 운전 조건에 따라서, 도 4에 도시된 실시예에서 제1난방수열교환기를 제거하고, 제2난방수열교환기만을 설치하여 히트펌프 사이클을 구성할 수도 있다.Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger according to the present invention. 3 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that an additional heating water heat exchanger is installed between the absorber and the regenerator. That is, the first heating water passed through the absorber 140 passes through the second heating water heat exchanger 190 and is heated secondly, and the heating water is heated in the third condenser 170 to increase the temperature of the heating water. . In addition, the high temperature concentrated refrigerant solution passing through the solution heat exchanger 130 is passed through the second heating water heat exchanger 190 so as to exchange heat with the heating water in the third place. According to the operating conditions, the heat pump cycle may be configured by removing the first heating water heat exchanger and installing only the second heating water heat exchanger in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4.

앞에서 설명되고 도면에 도시된 본 발명의 일 실시예는, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 한정하는 것으로 해석되어서 는 안 된다. 본 발명의 보호범위는 청구범위에 기재된 사항에 의하여만 제한되고, 본 발명의 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자는 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 다양한 형태로 개량 변경하는 것이 가능하다. 따라서 이러한 개량 및 변경은 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 자명한 것인 한 본 발명의 보호범위에 속하게 될 것이다. An embodiment of the present invention described above and illustrated in the drawings should not be construed as limiting the technical spirit of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is limited only by the matters described in the claims, and those skilled in the art can change and change the technical idea of the present invention in various forms. Therefore, such improvements and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

110 터어빈
120 재생기
130 용액열교환기
140 흡수기
150 증발기
160 난방수열교환기
170 응축기110 turbine
120 player
130 Solution Heat Exchanger
140 absorber
150 evaporator
160 Heating Water Heat Exchanger
170 condenser

Claims (12)

외부에서 공급되는 스팀을 이용하여 난방수를 가열하여 배출하기 위한 시스템으로서,
재생기, 흡수기, 응축기, 증발기, 용액열교환기, 난방수열교환기를 포함하는 히트펌프와,
상기 증발기와 냉각수가 순환하도록 설치된 복수기를 포함하고,
상기 용액열교환기는 흡수기와 재생기 사이에 설치되어 있으며,
상기 스팀은, 재생기를 통과하면서 냉각되어 환류되도록 되어 있고,
상기 공급된 난방수의 일부는 흡수기와 응축기를 통과하면서 가열되어 배출되도록 되어 있고, 동시에 공급된 난방수의 나머지는 난방수열교환기와 응축기를 통과하면서 가열된 후 배출되도록 되어 있고,
히트펌프의 냉매는 흡수기, 용액열교환기, 재생기, 응축기, 난방수열교환기, 증발기를 순환하도록 되어 있고, 동시에 재생기로부터 발생한 진한냉매용액은 흡수기에서 재생기로 공급되는 묽은 냉매용액과 용액열교환기에서 열교환 되고 흡수기로 환류되도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템.As a system for heating and discharging heating water by using steam supplied from the outside,
A heat pump including a regenerator, an absorber, a condenser, an evaporator, a solution heat exchanger, a heating water heat exchanger,
It includes a condenser installed to circulate the evaporator and cooling water,
The solution heat exchanger is installed between the absorber and the regenerator,
The steam is cooled to reflux while passing through a regenerator,
A part of the supplied heating water is heated and discharged while passing through the absorber and the condenser, and the remainder of the supplied heating water is discharged after being heated while passing through the heating water heat exchanger and the condenser,
The refrigerant in the heat pump circulates in the absorber, solution heat exchanger, regenerator, condenser, heating water heat exchanger, and evaporator. At the same time, the thick refrigerant solution generated from the regenerator is exchanged in the thin refrigerant solution and solution heat exchanger supplied from the absorber to the regenerator. District heating water heating system using a high-efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger characterized in that it is refluxed to the absorber. 제1항에 있어서,
상기 냉매는 리튬브로마이드 용액인 것을 특징으로 하는 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템.The method of claim 1,
The refrigerant is district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump comprising a heat exchanger, characterized in that the lithium bromide solution. 제2항에 있어서,
상기 재생기에서 냉매의 압력은 500 - 550 mmHG 범위이고, 농도는 55 - 65 % 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템.The method of claim 2,
The district heating water heating system using a high-efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger, characterized in that the pressure of the refrigerant in the regenerator ranges from 500 to 550 mmHG and the concentration is from 55 to 65%. 제3항에 있어서,
상기 재생기의 온도는 온도는 150 - 155 ℃ 범위이고, 응축기의 온도는 85 - 90 ℃ 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템.The method of claim 3,
The temperature of the regenerator is a temperature range of 150 to 155 ℃, the temperature of the condenser is a district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump comprising a heat exchanger, characterized in that the range of 85-90 ℃. 외부에서 공급되는 스팀을 이용하여 난방수를 가열하여 배출하기 위한 시스템으로서,
재생기, 흡수기, 응축기, 증발기, 용액열교환기, 난방수열교환기를 포함하는 히트펌프와,
상기 증발기와 냉각수가 순환하도록 설치된 복수기를 포함하고,
상기 용액열교환기는 흡수기와 재생기 사이에 설치되어 있으며,
상기 스팀은, 재생기와 난방수열교환기를 통과하면서 냉각되어 환류되도록 되어 있고,
상기 난방수는, 흡수기와 응축기와 난방수열교환기를 통과하면서 가열되어 배출되도록 되어 있고,
히트펌프의 냉매는 흡수기, 용액열교환기, 재생기, 응축기, 증발기를 순환하도록 되어 있고, 동시에 재생기로부터 발생한 진한냉매용액은 흡수기에서 재생기로 공급되는 묽은냉매용액과 용액열교환기에서 열교환 되고 흡수기로 환류되도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템.As a system for heating and discharging heating water by using steam supplied from the outside,
A heat pump including a regenerator, an absorber, a condenser, an evaporator, a solution heat exchanger, a heating water heat exchanger,
It includes a condenser installed to circulate the evaporator and cooling water,
The solution heat exchanger is installed between the absorber and the regenerator,
The steam is cooled and refluxed while passing through a regenerator and a heating water heat exchanger,
The heating water is heated and discharged while passing through the absorber, the condenser and the heating water heat exchanger,
The refrigerant in the heat pump is configured to circulate the absorber, the solution heat exchanger, the regenerator, the condenser and the evaporator, and at the same time, the concentrated refrigerant solution generated from the regenerator is exchanged with the thin refrigerant solution supplied from the absorber to the regenerator and the solution heat exchanger and refluxed to the absorber. District heating water heating system using a high-efficiency absorption heat pump comprising a heat exchanger. 제3항에 있어서,
상기 냉매는 리튬브로마이드 용액인 것을 특징으로 하는 난방수 가열 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템.The method of claim 3,
The refrigerant is district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump comprising a heating water heat exchanger, characterized in that the lithium bromide solution. 제6항에 있어서,
상기 재생기에서 냉매의 압력은 500 - 550 mmHG 범위이고, 농도는 55 - 65 % 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템.The method of claim 6,
The district heating water heating system using a high-efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger, characterized in that the pressure of the refrigerant in the regenerator ranges from 500 to 550 mmHG and the concentration is from 55 to 65%. 제7항에 있어서,
상기 재생기의 온도는 온도는 150 - 155 ℃ 범위이고, 응축기의 온도는 85 - 90 ℃ 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템.The method of claim 7, wherein
The temperature of the regenerator is a temperature range of 150 to 155 ℃, the temperature of the condenser is a district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump comprising a heat exchanger, characterized in that the range of 85-90 ℃. 외부에서 공급되는 스팀을 이용하여 난방수를 가열하여 배출하기 위한 시스템으로서,
재생기, 흡수기, 응축기, 증발기, 용액열교환기, 제1난방수열교환기와 제2난방수열교환기를 포함하는 히트펌프와,
상기 증발기와 냉각수가 순환하도록 설치된 복수기를 포함하고,
상기 용액열교환기는 흡수기와 재생기 사이에 설치되어 있으며,
상기 스팀은, 재생기를 통과하면서 냉각되어 환류되도록 되어 있고,
상기 공급된 난방수의 일부는 흡수기와 제1 난방수열교환기와 응축기를 통과하면서 가열되어 배출되도록 되어 있고, 동시에 공급된 난방수의 나머지는 제2난방수열교환기와 응축기를 통과하면서 가열된 후 배출되도록 되어 있고,
히트펌프의 냉매는 흡수기, 용액열교환기, 재생기, 응축기, 제2 난방수열교환기, 증발기를 순환하도록 되어 있고, 동시에 재생기로부터 발생한 진한냉매용액은 흡수기에서 재생기로 공급되는 묽은냉매용액과 용액열교환기에서 1차로 열교환 된 후 제1난방수열교환기에서 흡수기에서 응축기로 공급되는 난방수와 2차로 열교환되어 흡수기로 환류되도록 되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템.As a system for heating and discharging heating water by using steam supplied from the outside,
A heat pump comprising a regenerator, an absorber, a condenser, an evaporator, a solution heat exchanger, a first heating water heat exchanger and a second heating water heat exchanger,
It includes a condenser installed to circulate the evaporator and cooling water,
The solution heat exchanger is installed between the absorber and the regenerator,
The steam is cooled to reflux while passing through a regenerator,
Some of the supplied heating water is heated and discharged while passing through the absorber and the first heating water heat exchanger and the condenser, and at the same time, the remainder of the supplied heating water is discharged after being heated while passing through the second heating water heat exchanger and the condenser. It is,
The refrigerant in the heat pump is configured to circulate the absorber, the solution heat exchanger, the regenerator, the condenser, the second heating water heat exchanger, and the evaporator. At the same time, the concentrated refrigerant solution generated from the regenerator is supplied from the thin refrigerant solution and the solution heat exchanger supplied from the absorber to the regenerator. A district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger characterized in that the first heat exchanger is heat exchanged with the heating water supplied from the absorber to the condenser in the first heating water heat exchanger and refluxed to the absorber. 제9항에 있어서,
상기 냉매는 리튬브로마이드 용액인 것을 특징으로 하는 난방수 가열 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템.10. The method of claim 9,
The refrigerant is district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump comprising a heating water heat exchanger, characterized in that the lithium bromide solution. 제10항에 있어서,
상기 재생기에서 냉매의 압력은 500 - 550 mmHG 범위이고, 농도는 55 - 65 % 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템.The method of claim 10,
The district heating water heating system using a high-efficiency absorption heat pump including a heat exchanger, characterized in that the pressure of the refrigerant in the regenerator ranges from 500 to 550 mmHG and the concentration is from 55 to 65%. 제11항에 있어서,
상기 재생기의 온도는 온도는 150 - 155 ℃ 범위이고, 응축기의 온도는 85 - 90 ℃ 범위인 것을 특징으로 하는 열교환기를 포함하는 고효율 흡수식 히트펌프를 이용한 지역난방수 가열시스템.



The method of claim 11,
The temperature of the regenerator is a temperature range of 150 to 155 ℃, the temperature of the condenser is a district heating water heating system using a high efficiency absorption heat pump comprising a heat exchanger, characterized in that the range of 85-90 ℃.



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