KR101049031B1 - A test apparatus of traction machine for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus for testing a traction machine for an elevator is provided to perform robustness assessment and inspection by measuring a noise frequency and vibration. CONSTITUTION: A load providing unit(120), installed at one side of a traction machine(10), selectively provides the load for the traction machine. A sensing unit, attached at one side of the traction machine, senses vibration amount or frequency. A display unit displays the sensed vibration amount or frequency. A load providing unit includes a load generator(122), a load transferring device(124) and a frame(126). The load generator reciprocates up and down at an upper part of the traction machine. The load transferring device contacts with a pulley and transfers the load to the pulley according to the linear reciprocating movement of the load generator. The frame supports the load generator and the load transferring unit so that they are positioned at an upper side.

Description

A test apparatus of traction machine for elevator}

The present invention relates to an elevator hoisting test apparatus provided with a load providing unit, a measuring unit and a display unit on one side of the hoist to provide harsh conditions and to measure the noise frequency and vibration to enable the evaluation and diagnosis of soundness of the hoist. will be.

In general, the elevator is provided with a hoist on the upper part of the main frame forming the hoistway, the elevator car (car) is connected to the hoist rope has a structure that can transport passengers or cargo in the vertical direction.

The elevator, which is operated for rapid movement to the upper or lower floor in the building, is connected to the rope by moving the rope wound on the pulley of the hoist with the hoist installed at a predetermined position of the hoistway inside the machine room. It consists of an operation that can move the elevator car in the vertical direction.

Here, the hoist is a device for driving an elevator car by hanging the hoisting rope and rotating the pulley, a drive means for providing rotational force, a pulley for suspending the elevator car to the hoisting rope for vertical movement, and a pulley for driving and stopping the elevator car. It is composed of a brake to stop the rotation of or to maintain the stopped state.

In order to drive an elevator equipped with such a hoist, first, the driving means must control a series of movements such as starting, accelerating, driving, decelerating, stopping and stopping the elevator car by a command of the control unit.

The hoist having the configuration as described above has been developed to have a greater hoisting capacity according to the ultra-high rise of the building and the heavy weight of the cargo. Test tower having a height corresponding to the) to actually install the hoist to evaluate the soundness.

However, such a test method is not preferable because a facility such as a tower must be installed, which requires a huge cost for the health evaluation and a long time to test.

In addition, breakage of the hoisting machine during the test is not desirable because it exposes the user to the risk of a safety accident due to falling.

An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, further comprising a load providing means, a measuring means and a display means on one side of the hoist to provide harsh conditions and at the same time measure the noise frequency and vibration of the hoist An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator hoisting test apparatus capable of assessing and diagnosing soundness.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an elevator hoisting test apparatus which is simply installed without making a facility such as a tower for soundness evaluation at the time of development of the hoisting machine, so that the soundness evaluation can be performed in a short time.

Elevator hoist test apparatus according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the load providing means is provided on one side of the hoist for hoist to provide a load selectively to the hoist, and the hoist vibrator is attached to one side of the hoist And sensing means for measuring the quantity or frequency, and display means for displaying the vibration amount or frequency measured by the sensing means.

The load providing means is characterized in that to provide a load in the direction passing the axis of rotation of the pulley (Sheave) provided in the hoist.

The load providing means is characterized in that the magnitude of the load provided to the pulley is variable.

The load providing means may include a load generating part installed in a linear reciprocating motion in an up / down direction from the upper side of the hoisting machine, and selectively contacting the pulley according to a linear reciprocating motion of a load generating part in a lower side of the load generating part to apply a load. It characterized in that it comprises a load transmitting unit for transmitting, and the frame for supporting the load generating unit and the load transmitting unit located above the hoist.

The load transfer unit may be provided in plural, and the plurality of load transfer units may contact the outer circumferential surface of the pulley to press in the center direction.

The load transfer part is characterized in that it is formed of a material having an elastic force.

The sensing means is characterized in that for measuring the vibration amount or frequency generated in the bearing and the shaft coupled to the rotation shaft of the pulley and the gear for transmitting the power generated from the motor to the pulley.

The display means may simultaneously display the vibration amount or frequency measured by the sensing means and the previously stored defect frequency and the defect vibration amount.

One side of the pulley, characterized in that the eccentricity generating means for forcing the mass of the pulley is eccentric.

The eccentricity generating means is characterized in that the magnetic body.

As described above, in the hoist hoist test apparatus according to the present invention, a load providing unit, a measuring unit, and a display unit are further provided on one side of the hoist to provide harsh conditions and to measure sound frequency and vibration to evaluate the soundness of the hoist. Diagnosis was made possible.

Therefore, there is an advantage that the ease of use is improved and the risk of safety accidents is significantly reduced.

In addition, since the overall cost for the soundness evaluation of the hoisting machine is significantly reduced, there is an advantage that a more accurate soundness evaluation is possible with a low development cost.

In addition, there is an advantage that a wide range of pre-tests for various environments can be made by adjusting the load applied to the hoist and the degree of defects artificially imparted to the hoist.

1 is a perspective view showing a state of use of a hoisting apparatus for an elevator employing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a right longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 showing a hoisting apparatus for a lift according to the present invention installed.
Figure 3 is a side perspective view showing the attachment state of the sensing means of one configuration in the hoist hoist test apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a table showing the defect frequency of the bearing installed in the hoist which is the test object in the hoist hoist test apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a graph measuring the frequency for the outer ring of the bearing artificially having a defect using the hoist hoist test apparatus for an elevator according to the present invention.
Figure 6 is a graph measuring the frequency of the bearing inner ring to artificially have a defect using the hoist hoist test apparatus for an elevator according to the present invention.
7 is a physical picture of a gear artificially formed a defect in the gear for defect measurement using the hoist hoist test apparatus for an elevator according to the present invention.
Figure 8 is a frequency measurement graph tested by forming a 20% defect in the gear for the defect measurement using the hoist hoist test apparatus for the present invention.
Figure 9 is a frequency measurement graph tested by forming a defect of 40% in the gear for the defect measurement using the hoist hoist test apparatus for the present invention.
10 is a vibration measurement result of the test by attaching the eccentric generating means to the pulley for the defect measurement using the hoist hoist test apparatus for the present invention.
11 is a graph showing the results of FIG. 10.

Hereinafter, a configuration of a hoisting apparatus for an elevator according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

Prior to this, the terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be interpreted in the ordinary and dictionary sense, and the inventors may appropriately define the concept of terms in order to best explain their invention in the best way. It should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that the present invention.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configuration shown in the drawings are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, and various equivalents may be substituted for them at the time of the present application. It should be understood that there may be water and variations.

1 is a perspective view showing a state of use of the hoist hoist test apparatus for an elevator employing a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a right longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 is a side perspective view showing the attachment state of the sensing means 140, which is one component of the hoisting machine test apparatus for elevator according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the "test apparatus 100").

As shown in these figures, the test apparatus 100 is a device for inspecting the durability, safety, soundness, and the like of the hoist 10 for hoisting the wire rope connected to the elevator by the vibration amount and the frequency.

That is, the test apparatus 100, the elevator is artificially applied to the pulley 16 is rotated by receiving the rotational power of the motor 12 to the rotary shaft (14 in Fig. 3), the vibration or It is a device that allows the test of the hoist 10 by measuring the frequency and comparing it with a known defect frequency.

In addition, the elevator generates a noise or vibration, such as a risk due to abrasion or damage of the gear provided in the gearbox 18, and such noise or vibration causes anxiety for the passenger, and together with the hoisting machine ( Since it is possible to cause breakage of the 10), the test apparatus 100 is configured to be able to test the health of the gear.

To this end, the test apparatus 100 is located on the hoist 10 above the load providing means 120 to selectively provide a load to the hoist 10, and the hoist 10 is attached to one side of the hoist 10 It comprises a sensing means (notation 140 of FIG. 3) for measuring the vibration amount or frequency in operation, and display means (not shown) for displaying the vibration amount or frequency measured by the sensing means 140.

The load providing means 120 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, which are treated as main components of the present invention.

The load providing means 120 is configured to apply a downward load in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the pulley 16, to artificially apply a load applied through a wire rope (not shown) when the elevator is actually installed. It is for.

Therefore, the load providing means 120 is configured to be adjustable in the magnitude of the load applied to the pulley 16, it is configured so that the contact with the pulley 16 can be selectively terminated.

To this end, the load providing means 120 is a load generating unit 122 is installed so as to linearly reciprocate in the up / down direction from the top of the hoist 10, and a load generating unit (below the load generating unit 122) ( The load transfer unit 124 for selectively contacting the pulley 16 to transfer the load according to the linear reciprocating motion of 122, and the load generation unit 122 and the load transfer unit 124 are the hoist 10. It is configured to include a frame 126 for supporting to be located above.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the load generating part 122 is configured to be selectively extended in length, and the lower end of the load generating part 122 has the outer peripheral surfaces of both sides of the load transmitting part 124 downward. It is mechanically connected to pressurize.

In addition, the load transmission unit 124 is configured to be movable in the up / down direction so that the force provided from the load generating unit 122 can be applied in the direction of the rotation axis 14 through the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 16.

Therefore, when the load transmitting unit 124 is pressed downward by the load generating unit 122, the outer circumferential surface of the load transmitting unit 124 is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the pulley 16 can transmit the load.

The load transmitting part 124 is formed of a material having elasticity, has a rotation center parallel to the pulley 16, and moves in a rotational direction of the pulley 16 in contact with an outer circumferential surface of the pulley 16 when moved downward. Pressing while rotating in the opposite direction.

In addition, the load transmission unit 124 is provided in a pair of symmetrical in the embodiment of the present invention was configured to apply the same force by contacting the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 16 at the same time.

The load transmitted by the load transfer unit 124 corresponds to the tensile force applied to the wire rope when the actual elevator operates.

The frame 126 is configured to support the load providing means 120 to maintain the suspended state in the upper side of the hoist 10, has a substantially vertical rectangular frame shape as shown in Figure 1, the load transmitting portion therein 124 and the load generating portion 122 is provided.

The load transmission unit 124 and the load generating unit 122 is firmly coupled to the frame 126 by the coupling member 128 and the support 129 is limited in movement.

The configuration of the load providing means 120 is as described above, the sensing means 140 can be changed in various ways depending on the item to be tested for the hoisting machine (10).

That is, the sensing means 140 may be a vibration sensor for measuring the vibration generated when the pulley 16 rotates, a sensor for measuring the magnitude of the noise generated in the pulley 16 may be applied. .

In the embodiment of the present invention, the sensing means 140 adopts an acceleration sensor to measure the amount of vibration.

Although not shown, the display means may be variously adopted within a range in which the sensing means 140 receives and displays data transmitted and sensed, and a computer is applied in the embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the test results of the bearing axially coupled to the rotating shaft 14 of the pulley 16 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6.

Most mechanical structures are operated using the rotational energy generated by the rotation of the motor 12, and the rotating parts of the motor 12, the pulley 16, and the like are vibrated if the center of mass and the center of rotation do not coincide. Will occur.

In other words, the vibration caused by the imbalance of mass is the biggest cause of mechanical failure in mechanical structures where large rotational energy is constantly required.

Accordingly, in the experiment of the present invention, a hoist gear type (Worm Geared Type) hoisting machine (10) is adopted, and a signal obtained by artificially imparting an artificial defect to the bearing of the hoisting machine (10) is subjected to FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) operation to perform APS (Auto Power). The vibration of the hoisting machine 10 was analyzed by converting into a spectrum.

The bearing serves to support the rotating shaft 14 to support the load acting on the rotating shaft 14, the defect is caused by various causes such as overload, overheating, fatigue failure, contamination, poor lubrication, These defects generate noise and vibration.

According to the defect occurrence region, the characteristic frequencies such as inner ring defect, outer ring defect, basic heat, ball rotation frequency, etc. are shown in FIG. 4.

4 is a table showing the defect frequency of the bearing installed in the hoist 10 which is the test object in the hoist hoist test apparatus 100 according to the present invention.

On the other hand, by artificially forming scratches on the inner ring and outer ring of the bearing was tested, as a result of measuring the defect specimen was measured the same frequency as the coupling frequency as shown in Figs.

Figure 5 is a graph measuring the frequency for the outer ring bearing bearing artificially using the hoist hoist test apparatus 100 according to the present invention, Figure 6 is a hoist hoist test apparatus 100 according to the present invention. This is a graph measuring the frequency of the bearing inner ring artificially defective by using. The frequency generated in the bearing with the defect in the outer ring is equal to 73㎐, and the frequency generated in the bearing with the defect in the inner ring. Phosphorus 120 ㎐ was detected.

Therefore, the defects by measuring the frequency while artificially applying the load using the test apparatus 100 without installing a tower for simulating the actual use environment during the process of developing the hoist 10 as shown in the experimental results as described above I can judge whether

Hereinafter, the test results for the worm gear will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9.

7 is a physical picture of a gear artificially formed a defect in the gear for the defect measurement using the hoist hoist test apparatus 100 according to the present invention, Figure 8 is a hoist hoist test apparatus 100 according to the present invention. Frequency measurement graph formed by testing 20% defects in the gear for the defect measurement using the, Figure 9 is a 40% defect in the gear for the defect measurement using the hoist tester 100 for the elevator according to the present invention. It is a frequency measurement graph formed and tested.

First, a defect was artificially formed on the outer side of the gear as shown in FIG. 7. Worm gear is a type of gear most used in hoist 10 for elevators, and is used for motion transmission when two axes are perpendicular to each other.

The efficiency of the gear is low but a large reduction ratio can be obtained and it is widely used in reducers, chain blocks, and machine tools because it does not rotate in reverse.

Gear defects are caused by improper gear bites, eccentric misalignment, etc. Types of defects include surface corrosion, grinding wear, and broken gears.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the worm gear has a reduction ratio of 63: 2 and the rotational speed of the motor 12 is set to 1450 rpm.

In addition, the frequency measured at the time of the gear engagement defect is 48.3 kHz, and an artificial defect was formed as shown in FIG.

In addition, the sensing means 140 is installed in the vicinity of the rotary shaft 14 of the pulley 16 so that the vibration can be detected.

As a result, both the case where the degree of defect applied to the gear was set to 20% and the case where the degree of defect was set to 40% showed 48.3 Hz which is the same frequency.

In other words, even if the size of the gear engagement defect increases, there is no change in frequency, and since the same frequency is represented, it was confirmed that more accurate diagnosis of the gear engagement defect is possible.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying Figures 10 and 11 will be described the experimental results for the eccentric defect of the pulley 16.

FIG. 10 is a vibration measurement result obtained by attaching an eccentricity generating means to a pulley 16 for defect measurement using the hoist hoist test apparatus 100 according to the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a graph showing the result of FIG. 10. to be.

Eccentricity generating means is further provided to test the eccentricity defect of the pulley 16 using the test apparatus 100. Although the eccentricity generating means is not shown, various modifications can be made within the range such that the center of gravity of the pulley 16 does not coincide with the rotational shaft 14, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the magnet having magnetism is pulled out. And attached to (16) to force the weight eccentricity to occur.

As a result of experimenting the change in the vibration amount of the rotation frequency with respect to the pulley 16 in this state, it can be seen that the magnitude of the eccentric mass of the pulley 16 has a great influence on the vibration amount as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.

The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and many other modifications based on the present invention will be possible to those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.

10. Hoist 12. Motor
14. Spindle 16. Pulley
18. Gearbox 100. Test Device
120. Load providing means 122. Load generating unit
124. Load transfer section 126. Frame
128. Coupling member 129. Support
140. Detection means

Claims (10)

Load providing means installed on one side of the hoist for lifting and selectively providing a load to the hoist, sensing means attached to one side of the hoist to measure the vibration amount or frequency during hoist operation, and the vibration amount or frequency measured by the sensing means In the hoist hoisting test apparatus for a lift comprising a display means for displaying a,
The load providing means,
A load generating unit installed to reciprocate linearly in the up / down direction from the upper side of the hoist;
A load transfer unit for transferring the load by selectively contacting the pulley according to the linear reciprocating motion of the load generation unit at the lower side of the load generation unit;
Lift lifting device for the lift characterized in that it comprises a frame for supporting so that the load generating portion and the load transmission portion is located above the hoisting machine. The hoisting hoist test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the load providing means provides a load in a direction passing through a rotation axis of a pulley provided in the hoisting machine. The hoist hoisting test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the load providing means has a variable magnitude of a load provided to the pulley. delete According to claim 3, The load transfer unit is provided with a plurality,
The multi-load transfer unit hoist hoist test apparatus, characterized in that the pressure in the center direction in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the pulley. The hoisting tester for elevator according to claim 5, wherein the load transmitting part is formed of a material having an elastic force. The method of claim 6, wherein the sensing means,
An elevator hoisting test apparatus for measuring a vibration amount or a frequency generated by a bearing axially coupled to a rotation shaft of the pulley and a gear for transmitting power generated from a motor to the pulley. 8. The hoisting test apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the display means simultaneously displays the vibration amount or frequency measured by the sensing means, and the previously stored defect frequency and the defect vibration amount. The method of claim 8, wherein the pulley side,
Elevator lifting hoist test apparatus, characterized in that the eccentricity generating means for forcing the mass of the pulley to be eccentric. The hoisting apparatus testing device for an elevator according to claim 9, wherein the eccentricity generating means is a magnetic body.

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