KR101038739B1 - Machine for inspecting screw - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A screw inspection machine is provided to prevent sorted good quality screws from mixing with defective screws by inspecting the external appearance of the screws. CONSTITUTION: A screw inspection machine comprises a screw transfer device, a photographing device(30A), an image analysis device, and a screw collection device(40). The screw transfer device is rotated around a vertical shaft line to transfer screws from a supply position to an exhaust position. The photographing device photographs the screws transferred to the exhaust position. The image analysis device determines whether the photographed screws have defects by analyzing the photographed image signal. The screw collection unit divides the screws into the good quality screws and defective screws at the exhaust position.

Description

Machine for Inspecting Screw

The present invention relates to a device for inspecting the appearance of the screw to sort the screw into good or bad.

Previously, the external inspection of the screws (for example, the dimensions of the threads, the thread shape of the threads, the inspection of the dimensions of the heads, etc.) for the quality control of the screws was performed by hand and visually. Since it takes a lot of time and manpower to inspect the screws, most of them were sampling inspections rather than full inspections. However, in recent years, as exclusive inspection equipments have been supplied, all inspections are performed by these inspection equipments. There is a trend.

In general, the screw inspection equipment is composed of a supply device, a transfer device, an inspection device and a recovery device. Among them, the conveying apparatus conveys the screws from the supply position side supply apparatus to the recovery apparatus on the discharge position side, and the inspection apparatus acquires an image of the screw conveyed to the discharge position side by this conveying apparatus and obtains the acquired image. By analyzing, it is determined whether the screw is good or defective, and the collecting device recovers the inspected screw by dividing it into good and bad.

However, such a screw inspection equipment sorts the screws into good and defective by first recovering the defective goods and recovering the good quality among the inspected screws conveyed to the discharge position by the transfer device. There was a problem that the defective product is to be recovered as a defective product or that the screw is not returned to the good product and the defective product is mixed in the good product. That is, there was a problem that the overall inspection reliability is lowered by the defective product mixed in the good product.

An object of the present invention is to provide a screw inspection equipment that can prevent the entry of defective products in the selected good quality screws. Moreover, it is to make it possible to improve the accuracy of screw inspection more.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a screw conveying apparatus for receiving screws from a supply position and transferring the received screws to a discharge position with a constant movement; An imaging device for photographing the screw conveyed to the discharge position by the screw conveying device; An image analyzing apparatus which analyzes the image signal from the photographing apparatus and determines whether the photographed screw is defective; And a screw recovery device for dividing and dividing the screw into good and defective items according to the judgment of the image analyzing apparatus at the discharge position side, and the screw recovery device includes a good quality recovery unit and a bad quality recovery unit. There is provided a screw inspection equipment provided to recover defective goods with respect to the screws remaining after recovering the good product by the good recovery unit.

Here, the screw conveying apparatus includes a conveying disk having a receiving portion for receiving a screw from the supply position on the outer circumference and rotating around the axis in the up and down direction, the receiving portion is inserted into the screw portion of the screw and the conveying A plurality of groove portions disposed to be spaced apart from each other along the outer circumference of the disk; Consists of a support portion on which the head of the screw inserted into the groove portion is mounted, the screw can be received so as to hang on the receiving portion.

In addition, the photographing apparatus includes a camera for photographing the head of the screw to obtain a planar image of the head of the screw; It includes a pure light illumination for providing a pure light when the screw is taken by the camera, the pure light lighting may include a reflector of the dome (dome) structure.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a screw conveying apparatus for receiving screws from a supply position and transferring the received screws to a discharge position with a constant movement; An imaging device for photographing the screw conveyed to the discharge position by the screw conveying device; An image analyzing apparatus which analyzes the image signal from the photographing apparatus and determines whether the photographed screw is defective; And a screw collecting device for dividing and dividing the screw into good and bad parts according to the judgment of the image analyzing apparatus on the discharge position side, and the screw feeding device rotates about an axis in the vertical direction and the supply position on the outer circumference. And a conveying disk provided with a receiving portion for receiving a screw from the receiving portion, wherein the receiving portion includes: a plurality of groove portions inserted into the threaded portion of the screw and spaced apart from each other along an outer circumference of the conveying disk; Comprising a head portion of the head of the screw inserted into the groove portion is provided with a screw inspection equipment is received so that the screw is suspended to the receiving portion.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a screw feeding step for transferring a screw from a feeding position to a discharge position; A screw inspection step of determining whether or not the screw is transferred to the discharge position by the screw transfer step; After recovering the screw determined to be good at the discharge position, there is provided a screw inspection method comprising a screw recovery step of recovering the screw determined to be defective for the remaining screws.

1 is a schematic view showing a screw inspection equipment according to the present invention.
2 is a flowchart illustrating a screw inspection method according to the present invention.
3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating a state in which the portion A of FIG. 1 is viewed from the B direction, FIG. 3A illustrates an off state of backlighting, and FIG. 3B illustrates an on state of backlighting. .
4 is a perspective view showing the main part of the screw feed apparatus shown in FIG.
5 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a portion C of FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a portion C of FIG. 4.
7 is a configuration diagram showing the screw recovery device shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For reference, the size of the components, the thickness of the line, and the like shown in the drawings referred to for describing the present invention may be somewhat exaggerated for ease of understanding. In addition, since terms used in the description of the present invention are defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, they may be changed according to intentions of users, operators, and the like. Accordingly, definitions of these terms should be made based on the contents throughout the specification.

1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a screw inspection equipment according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the screw inspection equipment is a screw (S) supplied from the screw supply device on the supply position (P1) (hereinafter, A screw feeder 20 for transferring a reference numeral (not shown) to the discharge position P2, and a screw transferred from the feed position P1 to the discharge position P2 side by a transfer action of the screw feeder 20. Photographing apparatus 30A and 30B, an image analyzing apparatus (not shown) which analyzes the image signals from the photographing apparatuses 30A and 30B, and determines whether the photographed screw is defective or not, and photographing from the discharge position P2. A screw retrieving device 40 for retrieving the screws inspected by the apparatuses 30A, 30B and the image analysis device, and out of the screw conveying space by the screw feeder 20 and by the imaging device 30 The housing 50 further blocks the screw shooting space from the outside. The. Preferably, the housing 50 having a box structure is configured to block the inflow of light from the outside during the imaging by the imaging device 30.

3A and 3B are configuration diagrams showing a state in which the portion A of FIG. 1 is viewed from the B direction, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view specifically showing the configuration of the screw feed device 20.

The screw feeder includes a ball feeder (not shown) installed outside of the housing 50 and a linear feeder that sequentially provides one screw to the screw feeder 200 from the ball feeder ( 110).

The screw conveying apparatus 20 includes a conveying disk D1 which receives a screw from the linear feeder 110 and rotates to convey the received screw to the discharge position P2. The conveying disk D1 is mounted at the center of the rotating shaft X1 to rotate together with the rotating shaft X1. The rotating shaft X1 is installed in a vertical direction (vertical direction) on a mounting frame (not shown) provided in the housing 50, and is rotated at a constant speed by shaft driving means (not shown) including a motor. .

The conveying disk D1 is provided with a receiving portion for receiving screws from the linear feeder 110 on the outer circumference thereof, the receiving portion having a plurality of receiving groove portions H-1 into which the screws from the linear feeder 110 are inserted one by one. It consists of. The plurality of receiving grooves H-1 are arranged to be spaced apart from each other at regular intervals along the outer circumference of the conveying disk D1. In addition, the receiving groove portion H-1 has a structure in which the inlet and the upper and lower portions are opened by two parts facing up and down of the transfer disk D1. At this time, the entrance of the receiving groove portion H-1 refers to the opening facing the outer circumferential direction of the transfer disk D1.

The linear feeder 110 is provided so that an end is located in the outer peripheral side of the feed disk D1, and the end side of this linear feeder 110 becomes a supply position P1. The screw supplied from the linear feeder 110 is received in the receiving groove portion H-1 located at the supply position P1 side according to the rotational movement of the transfer disk D1 among the plurality of receiving groove portions H-1. It is inserted through the inlet of the groove portion H-1.

The screw from the linear feeder 110 is inserted into the receiving groove H-1 such that its head is positioned above the transfer disk D1, and the receiving portion is inserted into the receiving groove H-1 in this manner. It further comprises a support (H-2) for supporting the head of the screw. According to this, the screw is received so that it is suspended in the receiver, so that the upper portion of the head is either a flat screw (for example countersunk screw) or an uneven screw (for example, round head screw). ) Can be transferred to the discharge position (P2) side. That is, the screw is fed upside down (that is, the head is turned upside down) to the screw feeder, which is a conventional feeding and feeding method, and the screw supplied in the upside down state is placed on the conveying disk as it is. The solution solves the problem of not being able to apply a screw that is not flat on the top of the head.

5 is an exploded perspective view showing part C of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a plan view showing part C of FIG. 4.

The transport disk D1 includes a disk body 210. The disk main body 210 is center-mounted on the rotating shaft X1. The disc main body 210 is also provided such that a plurality of groove-shaped recesses 212 forming a lower portion of the receiving groove H1 on the outer circumference are spaced apart from each other at regular intervals (preferably at equal intervals) along the outer circumference. Convex portions 214 are provided between the plurality of recesses 212, respectively. According to this recessed part 212 and the convex part 214, the disk main body 210 is formed so that it may have a cogwheel structure as a whole.

In addition, the conveying disk D1 is mounted on the convex portions 214 of the disk body 210 so as to be spaced apart from each other, and an index forming an upper portion of the receiving groove portion H-1 by the free space provided therebetween. Block 220, respectively coupled to the upper portion of the index block 220 and both sides are formed to protrude a predetermined length toward the receiving groove portion (H-1), respectively, the upper portion of the protrusion 232 to the supporting portion (H-2) And a floodlight plate 230 configured to transmit light. In the case of the floodlight plate 230 may be made of a transparent material such as acrylic or glass.

Since the index block 220 is formed such that both left and right sides thereof are parallel to each other and disposed radially in the disc body 210, the receiving groove H-1 gradually decreases in width from the outer peripheral side of the disc body 210 toward the center side. It is formed to be. As the width of the receiving groove H-1 is reduced in this way, the screw is no longer inserted when the screw is inserted into the receiving groove H-1 by a predetermined depth or more. Therefore, the position of the screw can be constantly aligned by inserting the screw into the receiving groove H-1 until the insertion is no longer possible.

The index block 220 is provided with a receiving guide portion 222 for guiding the screw from the linear feeder 110 to be inserted into the receiving groove portion H-1 in a portion facing the outer circumferential side of the disc body 210. do. Receiving guide portion 222 is composed of inclined surfaces respectively provided to be inclined at a predetermined angle upward to the rotation direction side of the disc body (210).

On the upper side of the index block 220, a light receiving plate receiving groove 224 is provided in the left and right directions (both facing the neighboring index block 220), so that the light transmitting plate 230 fits within the light receiving plate receiving groove 224. Are accepted. Preferably, the index block 220 is formed to have the same planar structure as the upper portion of the plate-shaped light-transmitting plate 230 accommodated in the light-transmitting plate receiving groove 224 as described above. According to the exemplary embodiment, at least a support portion H-2 of the upper portion of the floodlight plate 230 may be coplanar with the index block 220. According to this coplanar structure, it is possible to prevent a phenomenon that the head of the screw is caught at the boundary between the index block 220 and the floodlight plate 230 during the process of inserting or removing the screw into the receiving groove H-1. That is, when the jaw is provided so that the step is formed at the boundary between the index block 220 and the floodlight plate 230, the phenomenon that the head of the screw is caught on the jaw can be prevented.

As the light transmitting plate 230 is accommodated in the light transmitting plate accommodating groove 224 as described above, each index block 220 has an outer side that is a portion facing the outer circumferential direction of the disc body 210 in the receiving groove H-1. It serves as a floodlight protection portion 226 to prevent a collision between the screw is inserted and the floodlight plate 230 in advance. That is, it is possible to prevent the damage of the light transmitting plate 230 due to the screw inserted into the receiving groove (H-1) collide with the light transmitting plate 230.

Each index block 220 is provided with a chamfered portion 228 by chamfering the rounded or sloped portion where the outside and the top meet. According to such chamfering portion 228, the phenomenon that the head of the screw is caught in the upper end of the protective portion 226 when inserting the screw into the receiving groove (H-1) can be prevented. In other words, the head of the screw inserted into the receiving groove (H-1) can be guided to be placed on the support (H-2).

Although not shown in detail, each index block 220 is a lower block (fixed block) mounted on the convex portion 214, and is coupled to the upper portion of the lower block so as to be slidably movable in the radial direction of the disc body 210. It may be composed of an upper block (movable block) is mounted on the floodlight plate 230 on the top. For slide coupling between the upper and lower blocks, one of the upper block and the lower block may be provided with a guide groove in a portion facing each other, and the other may be provided with a guide protrusion inserted into the guide groove. In addition, it may further include a locking means for restraining the slide movement of the upper block, the locking means includes a stop bolt screwed to the upper block, and when the stop bolt is tightened, the guide groove and the projections It may be configured to be in close contact to prevent the movement of the upper block.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the photographing apparatuses 30A and 30B use the first photographing apparatus 30A for acquiring the planar image of the head of the screw and the side images of the screw and the head of the screw. And a second photographing apparatus 30B for obtaining.

The first photographing apparatus 30A captures the head of the screw inserted into the receiving groove H-1 at the upper side of the conveying disk D1 (directly from the screw conveyed to the discharge position P2 side). And a backlight lighting 320A for providing pure light when the screw is taken by the upper camera 310A, and a backlight backlight 330A for providing backlight when the screw is taken by the upper camera 310A. The daylight illumination 320A includes a reflector of a dome structure, and the light source of the daylight illumination 320A is disposed on the inner circumferential side of the reflector of this dome structure. The reflection shade of the dome structure is disposed or configured so as not to disturb the photographing of the upper camera 310A. Here, a penetrating path was provided in the reflection shade, so that photography was possible through the penetrating path.

Here, the backlight 330A is provided below the conveying disk D1 so as to face the upper camera 310A with the conveying disk D1 interposed therebetween. Preferably, the backlight camera 330A, the upper camera 310A, and the backlight lamp 320A are mounted to the housing 50 by a mounting bracket or the like.

The second photographing apparatus 30B includes a side camera 310B and a side camera 310B for photographing the screw part and the head side of the screw inserted into the receiving groove H-1 on the outer circumferential side of the transfer disk D1. It includes a backlight illumination (330B) for providing a backlight when the screw is taken by. Although not shown, the second photographing apparatus 30B may further include pure illumination lighting that provides pure lighting when screwing by the side camera 310B.

Here, the side camera 310B and the backlight 330B of the second imaging device 30B are disposed to face each other with a screw (that is, a conveying path) conveyed by the conveying disk D1 interposed therebetween. Preferably, the side camera 310B and the backlight 330B of this second imaging device 30B are also firmly mounted to the housing 50 by a mounting bracket or the like.

In the drawing, the photographing of the screw is first performed by the first photographing apparatus 30A and then the second photographing apparatus 30B, but the photographing order may be changed. In addition, the photographing is performed by a sensor for detecting whether the screw conveyed to the discharge position P2 is located in the photographing range by the first and second photographing apparatuses 30A and 30B, respectively. The controller may control the first and second photographing apparatuses 30A and 30B so that the two photographing apparatuses 30A and 30B respectively photograph.

Screws continuously supplied from the linear feeder 110 are sequentially inserted one by one according to the guide action of the receiving guide portion 222 into the receiving groove portion H-1 positioned at the supply position P1, and the supporting portion H-2. ) Is conveyed to the discharge position (P2) in a suspended state.

During the screw transfer process, the upper camera 310A captures the head of the screw to obtain a planar image of the head, and the pure light illumination 320A of the first photographing apparatus 30A having the dome-shaped reflector is pure light. To provide. In addition, the backlight 330A of the first photographing apparatus 30A provides a backlight so that the outline of the head of the screw appears in the planar image of the screw photographed by the upper camera 310A.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 3B, the backlight provided from the backlight 330A of the first photographing apparatus 30A passes through the floodlight plate 230 constituting the support part H-2, so that the upper camera 310A side is turned on. As a result, the entire contour of the head of the screw can be accurately represented in the image. If the backlight cannot penetrate the supporting portion H-2 or only partially transmits the light due to other causes (for example, interference), an incorrect image of the head is obtained. The screws that correspond to the images with incorrect contours may cause problems that are considered defective even though they are all good products without any problems.

The image analyzing apparatus compares the image signals from the first and second photographing apparatuses 30A and 30B with those previously stored or analyzes them by grasping regularity, and determines whether the corresponding screws are good or defective. If any one of the video signals is inappropriate, it is judged as defective.

The screw recovery device 40 includes a good recovery unit 410, a defective recovery unit 420, and an unclassified recovery unit 430, which are all recovery trays 412, 422, 432. ) And injection mechanisms (414, 424, 434). The screw recovery device 40 includes a non-defective product recovery unit 410, a defective article recovery unit 420, and an unclassified product recovery unit 430 along the rotational direction of the transfer disk 210 in the screw transfer direction on the discharge position P2 side. Sequentially arranged, the recovery trays 412, 422, 432 and the injection mechanisms 414, 424, 434 of each recovery unit 410, 420, 430 are arranged to face each other with a screw (ie, a transfer path) to be conveyed by the transfer disk 210.

The screw recovery device 40 configured as described above operates as follows.

When the screw determined to be good by the image analysis device passes between the recovery tray 412 of the good recovery unit 410 and the injection mechanism 414, the injection mechanism 414 of the good recovery unit 410 injects air. The screw is sent to the recovery tray 412 of the goods recovery unit 410 (see FIG. 7A).

In the case of a defective article or an unclassified product that is difficult to make an accurate judgment, even if it passes between the recovery tray 412 of the good recovery unit 410 and the injection mechanism 414, the injection mechanism 414 of the good recovery unit 410 Doesn't work.

In normal operation, the screw that has passed between the recovery tray 412 and the injection mechanism 414 of the good recovery unit 410 is defective or unclassified, among which the defective is recovered by the defective recovery unit 420, (FIG. Unclassified goods are recovered by the unclassified goods recovery unit 430 (see FIG. 7C).

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the invention.

For example, while the screw feeder 20 receives and feeds the screw from the linear feeder 110 in a suspended state, the screw feeder and the screw feeder 20 are described above. It may be of a type in which the head is turned upside down so that the head is directed downward, and the screw supplied in the upside down state is placed on the transfer disc as it is and transferred.

20: screw feed device 210: disk body
212: recess 214: convex
220: index block 222: receipt guide
230: floodlight plate 232: protrusion
224: floodlight receiving groove 226: floodlight protection
30A, 30B: Imaging device 40: Screw recovery device
410: good quality recovery unit 420: defective product recovery unit
430: unclassified product recovery unit D1: transfer disk
H-1: Receiving groove H-2: Supporting part
P1: supply position P2: discharge position

Claims (5)

A screw conveying device having a conveying disk provided with a receiving portion for receiving a screw from the supply position on an outer circumference thereof with a rotational movement about an axis in the vertical direction to convey the screw from the supply position to the discharge position; An imaging device for photographing the screw conveyed to the discharge position by the screw conveying device; An image analyzing apparatus which analyzes the image signal from the photographing apparatus and determines whether the photographed screw is defective; And a screw collecting device for dividing the screw into a good product and a defective product on the discharge position side according to the judgment of the image analyzing apparatus.
The receiving portion includes a plurality of groove portions which are inserted such that the screw portion of the screw is spaced apart from each other along the outer circumference of the transfer disk; It consists of a support portion on which the head of the screw inserted into the groove portion is mounted, the screw is received so as to hang on the receiving portion,
The photographing apparatus includes a camera for photographing the head of the screw so as to obtain a planar image of the head of the screw; Includes backlighting that provides backlighting during screw shooting with this camera,
The supporting part is a screw inspection equipment made of a translucent material so that the light of the backlight is transmitted in the vertical direction. The method according to claim 1,
The screw recovery device includes a good quality recovery unit and a bad quality recovery unit, wherein the bad quality recovery unit is provided with a bad quality recovery unit for recovering the defective goods with respect to the screws remaining after recovering the good quality.
The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The photographing apparatus further includes a pure light illumination for providing a pure light when screwed by the camera,
The bright lighting is a screw inspection equipment including a reflector of the dome structure. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transfer disk,
A disk main body having a plurality of groove-shaped recesses forming a lower portion of the groove portion on an outer circumference thereof so as to be spaced apart from each other along the outer circumference;
An index block each mounted on the plurality of convex portions such that an upper portion of the groove portion is formed between each other;
And a light-transmitting plate made of a light-transmitting material, each of which is coupled to each of the index blocks and is formed to protrude a predetermined length, respectively, which are both left and right toward the neighboring index block. The method according to claim 4,
And each of the index blocks is provided at an outer side of the disc body toward the outer circumferential side of the disc body so as to prevent a screw inserted into the groove from colliding with the floodlight plate.

Images