KR101037570B1 - Ship rescue - Google Patents

Abstract

With respect to a wide variety of ships, there is provided a ship structure that makes it possible to easily install a variety of ballast water treatment apparatus of various types in place onboard. The ballast water treatment apparatus 20 is provided with the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 which processes and removes or kills microorganisms in the ballast water at the time of intake or drainage of the ballast water. It is arranged in 9).

Description

Ship structure {SHIP STRUCTURE}

TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to the ship structure provided with the ballast water treatment apparatus which processes, removes, or dies the microorganisms contained in the ballast water of a ship, for example.

The ballast water of a ship is seawater or fresh water loaded in a ballast tank for the attitude control of hull and ensuring stability, and is essential for the safe operation of a ship. The ballast water is sucked into the ballast tank by the pump at the time of collusion, and is loaded (intake) into the ballast tank, and discharged (drained) in accordance with the progress of the dripping at the port where the cargo is loaded.

The ballast water mentioned above contains various microorganisms (aquatic organisms). The microorganisms include eggs, larvae, and the like, in addition to micro organisms (microorganisms such as bacteria and floating organisms such as plankton).

 Therefore, the ballast water is drained to a port (water body) different from the loading site, so if the microorganisms moved along with the ballast water settle in a new environment, there is a concern that it affects the economic activities of the ecosystem or fisheries in the water body. do. In addition, some pathogens that migrate with the ballast water are also concerned that directly affect the health of the human body.

For this reason, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has ratified a treaty on the management of microorganisms contained in ballast water, and is required to remove or kill microorganisms when ingesting or draining ballast water. .

As an apparatus for removing or killing microorganisms in such ballast water, a shear phenomenon occurs inside a flow disturbed by passage of the slit through the slit plate formed in the flow path at a predetermined flow rate or more ( A device for killing microorganisms in a liquid which destroys and kills microorganisms in a liquid by this shearing using a sharp difference in flow rate according to the place) has been proposed. Moreover, when the slit plate which shifted the slit position was arrange | positioned before and after, and the microorganism which was not destroyed by the shear in the previous slit plate, when the cavitation which generate | occur | produced in the previous slit plate is crushed by the rear slit plate, There is also proposed a microbial killing device in a liquid which is made to be further fleshed out by destroying using an impact pressure (see Patent Document 1, for example).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-200156

By the way, since the above-described ballast water treatment apparatus treats ballast water sucked or drained almost simultaneously with the progress of unloading, a high processing speed (for example, about 7000 m 3 / hr in the case of a large crude oil tanker) is required. do. For this reason, the ballast water treatment apparatus itself tends to be enlarged, and it is difficult for the ship to secure a suitable installation place of a ballast water treatment apparatus for the following reasons.

(1) Since the ballast water treatment apparatus requires a high level of treatment using electricity or chemicals, considering the corrosion resistance against blue and stormy weather in the marine environment, the ballast water treatment apparatus is more suitable for shipboards than decks or the like. It is preferable to install in (i).

(2) When arranging ballast water treatment devices on board, it is desirable to avoid arranging the ballast water treatment device on the ship's center and to be placed on the bow or the stern, considering the securing of cargo load and the dangerous compartments involved in the loading of flammable cargo. Do.

(3) In a general ship design, equipment such as ballast pumps is arranged in the engine room at the stern. For this reason, when a ballast water treatment apparatus is arrange | positioned to a bow, piping from a water intake formed in the stern ballast pump vicinity to a bow is required.

As such, the ballast water treatment system, which is required to be installed in the future, does not require a drastic change in the hull design, and when installed on a new ship, it can be easily applied even when the original existing ship is modified and installed. Rescue vessels are desired. That is, there is no distinction between new and existing ships, but also tankers (LPG ships, LNG ships, transport ships, etc.), cargo ships (container ships, roll-on / roll-off ships, general cargo ships, etc.) and dedicated ships (bulk cargo ships, ore carriers, automobiles). For various types of ships (especially general commercial ships), such as a carrier ship, the ship structure which makes it easy to install the ballast water treatment apparatus of various types in various places on board is desired.

This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, Comprising: It aims at providing the ship structure which makes it easy to install the ballast water treatment apparatus of various types in various ships with respect to various ships. .

MEANS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM This invention employ | adopted the following means in order to solve the said subject.

The ship structure related to this invention is a ship structure provided with the ballast water treatment apparatus which processes, removes, or kills the microorganisms in ballast water at the time of intake or drainage of ballast water, Comprising: It is arrange | positioned in the steering gear chamber, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

According to such a ship structure, the ballast water treatment device is arranged to be formed in the steering chamber behind the ship, so that various ballast water treatment devices can be easily installed by effectively using the space in the ship without greatly changing the hull structure or linearity. Can be.

In the above vessel structure, it is preferable to arrange the ballast water treatment apparatus in a deck formed in the space in the steering chamber, thereby making the space in the steering chamber more effective, that is, effectively using the space in three dimensions. It is possible to install a variety of ballast water treatment device.

In the above vessel structure, it is preferable to use a stern void space such as an after-peak tank as a buffer tank of the ballast water treatment apparatus, whereby a ballast water treatment apparatus of a system requiring a buffer tank. Even in this case, the establishment of a buffer tank becomes unnecessary.

According to the ship structure of the present invention mentioned above, when installing the ballast water treatment apparatus which becomes obligatory in the future, even if it installs by renovating and installing a new ship or an existing ship, it does not require hull design and a drastic change of linearity, With respect to a wide variety of ships, it is possible to easily install a ballast water treatment device of a variety of ways.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is an expanded view of the stern part of the ship provided with the ballast water treatment apparatus as one Embodiment of the ship structure which concerns on this invention.
2 is a system diagram of the ballast water treatment device at the time of water intake.
3 is a system diagram of drainage of the ballast water treatment apparatus.
4 is a view showing an example of the overall configuration of an LNG carrier as an example of a ship structure.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, one Embodiment of the ship structure which concerns on this invention is described based on drawing.

4 is a diagram showing the hull structure of the LNG carrier 1 as an example of a ship structure. This LNG carrier 1 is classified into the bow part 2, the hull center part 3, and the stern part 4 in order from a ship front.

The bow portion 2 is a portion located in the forward direction of the LNG carrier 1, and is provided with a bow side warehouse and the like. In the hull central portion 3 arranged behind the bow portion 2, a plurality of LNG tanks 5 (three in the example in the illustration) are arranged along the hull axis. Moreover, the ballast tank 6 divided into several is formed in the hull center part 3 on the left and right sides of a ship body using the space formed around the lower part of the spherical LNG tank 5.

In the stern part 4 which becomes the rear part of the ship body center part 3, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the intake port 7, the engine room 8, the steering gear chamber 9, and the void 10 Is formed. In addition, the code | symbol 11 in a figure is a propeller for ship propulsion provided in the stern of the LNG carrier 1.

The intake port 7 is a space part arranged in the upper front of the stern part 4, and the steering room, the crew living room, etc. of the LNG carrier 1 are formed.

The engine room 8 is a space portion disposed below the inlet 7, and for example, various mechanical equipment such as an engine that is a driving source of the propeller 11 and a power generation facility for use in the LNG ship 1. Is installed.

The steering gear chamber 9 is a space part arranged in the rear upper part of the engine room 8, and is equipped with the mechanical equipment (steering device) etc. for driving the key (not shown) of the LNG carrier 1.

The void 10 is a space portion formed below or in front of the steering gear chamber 9, and is a narrow space because the line width is narrowed at the lower portion of the stern portion 4. This void 10 is used as an installation space, such as an aft peak tank, as needed.

The ballast water treatment apparatus 20 is provided in place of the LNG carrier 1 mentioned above. This ballast water treatment apparatus 20 is an apparatus which removes or kills various microorganisms contained in the ballast water loaded in the ballast tank 6 for the purpose of hull control of a ship body and ensuring stability. That is, the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 is drained as the ballast water taken into the ballast tank 6 increases the load of cargo according to the dripping state, etc., so that the microorganisms contained in the ballast water are removed or killed. It is a device to prevent the microbial reproductive living around the intake port is drained to other waters and affects the ecosystem.

The ballast water treatment apparatus 20 mentioned above is arrange | positioned in the steering gear chamber 9 of the stern part 4 used as back of a ship.

The ballast water treatment apparatus 20 shown in FIG. 1 includes a first treatment unit 21 and a second treatment unit 22. In this case, the first processing unit 21 and the second processing unit 22 are arranged by dividing the necessary processing capability into two units, and any unit is arranged in the steering gear chamber 9. In addition, about the ballast water treatment apparatus 20, it is not limited to the structure divided into the 1st processing unit 21 and the 2nd processing unit 22, It can change suitably according to a processing system and various conditions.

In FIG. 1, the code | symbol 12 in the figure has shown the intake port of a ballast water, 13 has shown the ballast pump, and the ballast water taken out from the intake port 12 passes through the ballast water piping system 14, and supplies it to the ballast tank 6 do.

The ballast water treatment apparatus 20 includes a ballast water piping system 14 for supplying the ballast water withdrawn from the intake port 12 to the ballast tank 6, a treatment device inlet-side piping system 15, and a treatment device outlet-side piping. It is connected via the system 16.

2 and 3 show a ballast water piping system 14 for supplying ballast water from the intake port 12 to the ballast tank 6 by the operation of the ballast water treatment apparatus 20, the ballast pump 13, and the ballast water. It is a piping system diagram which shows the structural example of the processing apparatus inlet side piping system 15 which connects between the processing apparatus 20 and the ballast water piping system 14, and the processing apparatus outlet side piping system 16. FIG. In addition, in FIG.2 and FIG.3, the code | symbol 17 in the figure has shown the drain opening of ballast water, V1-V7 has the on-off valve, and CV1 has shown the check valve.

In addition, in the piping system example of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 becomes one unit, FIG. 2 has shown the flow at the time of intake, and FIG. 3 has shown the flow at the time of drainage.

At the time of intake of the ballast water shown in FIG. 2, the ballast water is sucked in from the intake port 12 by operating the ballast pump 13. The ballast water sucked in from the intake port 12 flows into the ballast pump 13 through the ballast water pipe 14a and the ballast water pipe 14b provided with the open / close valve V1. The ballast water is pressurized and fed by the ballast pump 13, and is supplied to the ballast water treatment device 20 through the ballast water pipe 14b having the check valve CV1 and the treatment device inlet-side pipe 15a. do.

The check valve CV1 mentioned above allows only the flow of the direction (direction shown by the arrow in a figure) toward the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 from the ballast pump 13. At the time of taking in the ballast water, the opening / closing valve V6 formed in the processing apparatus inlet pipe 15a is opened, and the opening / closing valve V2 formed in the ballast water pipe 14c and the ballast water pipe ( The on-off valve V3 formed in 14f) and the on-off valves V4 and V5 formed in the ballast water pipe 14g are all closed. The ballast water supplied to the ballast water treatment device 20 is subjected to a treatment for removing or killing microorganisms contained in the ballast water, and then the on / off valve V7, the treatment device outlet pipe 16, and the ballast water pipe ( 14d) and the ballast water pipe 14e are loaded in the ballast tank 6. Therefore, the ballast tank 6 is loaded with ballast water in which microorganisms have been removed or killed.

In addition, when the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 uses a buffer tank, instead of the treatment apparatus outlet side piping system 16, the intake port 12 'for a buffer tank, the treated-water feed pump 13', and treatment The complete water transfer piping system is connected via 16 ', and only the point is changed by the flow of ballast water.

Subsequently, the drainage time of the ballast water will be described with reference to FIG. 3. In addition, at the time of this drain, on-off valves V1, V6 and V7 are closed at the open, and on-off valves V3, V4 and V5 are changed from closed to open.

At the time of drainage of the ballast water shown in FIG. 3, the ballast water in the ballast tank 6 is inhaled by operating the ballast pump 13. The ballast water sucked from the ballast tank 6 passes through the ballast water pipe 14e, the ballast water pipe 14f provided with the open / close valve V3, and the ballast water pipe 14b, and the ballast pump 13 Flows into). This ballast water is pressurized and fed by the ballast pump 13, and passes through the ballast water pipe 14b provided with the check valve CV1 and the ballast water pipe 14g provided with the opening / closing valves V4 and V5. Drained outboard at (17).

In this way, the ballast water loaded in the ballast tank 6 can be regarded as equivalent to that in which the microorganisms are not living by performing the treatment of removing or killing the microorganisms in the ballast water when the ballast water is taken out. Therefore, even if the LNG carrier 1 loads the ballast water and sails to the loading port of the cargo ship and drains the ballast water out of the ship in accordance with the progress of the loading operation in the same port, it does not affect the ecosystem of the water around the loading port. .

By the way, in the above description, the microorganisms are treated by passing the ballast water treatment device 20 at the time of taking in the ballast water, but may be treated at the time of drainage.

By the way, the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 mentioned above is arrange | positioned in the steering gear chamber 9 which becomes the rear of the LNG carrier 1. Since this ballast water treatment apparatus 20 processes the ballast water which is taken in or drained in accordance with the progress of unloading, a high treatment speed is required and it becomes large. For this reason, large space is needed for installation of the ballast water treatment apparatus 20. FIG. In addition, since various methods exist in the ballast water treatment apparatus 20, there is no change in the point where a large installation space is required in the present situation, but the conditions (shape etc.) required as installation space become various.

In a typical ship such as the LNG carrier 1, the propeller 11 and the engine for navigation are arranged behind the hull. For this reason, the ballast pump 13 is installed in the engine room 8 at the rear of a hull unless there is special circumstances. Therefore, in order to suppress the increase in piping length and piping installation space, it is preferable to install the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 in the vicinity of the ballast pump 13.

On the other hand, since the steering gear 9 is adjacent to the engine room 8 and is located directly above the propeller 11 and the key, a relatively large space is formed due to vibration countermeasures caused by the driving thereof. For this reason, the large installation space by which the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 can be installed can be easily secured inside the steering gear chamber 9. That is, the space required for installation of the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 can be easily secured in the steering chamber 9 without greatly changing the hull structure and the linearity.

When it demonstrates concretely, since the space of the steering gear 9 has the problem of the vibration mentioned above, it remains as a place (space) which is not suitable for installation of apparatuses normally. However, since the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 is mainly used at the time of picking the LNG carrier 1, it becomes possible to use it in the state without the above-mentioned vibration. The present inventors pay attention to the above-described ship structure, and find out that the steering chamber 9 is optimal as an installation place of the ballast water treatment apparatus 20.

That is, since the intake or drainage of the ballast water is carried out when the ship is unloaded at the port, the engine and the key for the ship navigation are not driven at the time of operation of the ballast water treatment apparatus 20. The seal 9 does not need to consider surrounding vibrations during operation of the ballast water treatment device 20, and is optimal as an installation site of the ballast water treatment device 20. If necessary, processing may be performed during sailing, but this is not denied.

In view of the vicinity of the ballast pump 13, it is conceivable to install the ballast water treatment device 20 in the engine room 8. However, in the engine room 8 in a typical ship design, in consideration of maintenance and operability, it is considered as a place where various apparatuses are arrange | positioned unless there is a special requirement. In addition, the inside of the engine room 8 considers traffic and workability, and secures the minimum space required for installation and maintenance of equipment. Actually, no extra space exists. Do not. Therefore, when the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 is to be provided in the engine room 8, the hull structure and the linear change need to be drastically changed, such as changing the hull design to enlarge the engine room 8.

In particular, when applied to an existing ship, remodeling the engine room 8 and installing the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 requires large-scale renovation work of the hull structure. Since such a remodeling work is accompanied by an increase in cost and construction period, it is very difficult to make the engine room 8 an installation place of the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 in many cases.

In addition, the steering gear chamber 9 is close to the dormitory residence 7 of the crew member disposed in the upper part of the engine room 8, which is advantageous in terms of access during work. Also from such a viewpoint, the steering gear chamber 9 is suitable for the installation place of the ballast water treatment apparatus 20. FIG.

In addition, since the steering gear chamber 9 is an inboard space, it is not necessary to take countermeasures against the blue waves and the stormy weather in the marine environment, and it is also suitable for the installation place of the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 in this respect.

Moreover, since the steering chamber 9 has a relatively large upper space above the steering apparatus, as shown in FIG. 1, the deck 30 is formed in the intermediate position of this space, etc., and the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 is shown, for example. ) Can also be installed. Since such a structure can effectively utilize the space in the steering gear room 9 in three dimensions, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the 1st processing unit 21 is installed on the deck 30, and 2nd processing is carried out. The division structure of installing the unit 22 on the bottom surface of the steering chamber 9 is facilitated. Therefore, when installing the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 of various systems from which a structure, a shape, etc. differ, it becomes possible to respond flexibly according to various conditions.

In addition, although the 1st processing unit 21 was provided on the deck 30 in the structural example shown in FIG. 1, it is not specifically limited.

Moreover, if the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 is provided in the steering gear chamber 9, when the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 is a system which requires a buffer tank, it will be provided in the near void 10. Peak tanks and the like can be used as the buffer tank.

With such a configuration, the space of the void 10 can be effectively used to easily secure the installation space of the buffer tank. That is, since the buffer tank simply stores the ballast water, even in the void 10 located at the stern and becoming a complicated shape, the buffer tank can be effectively used without being restricted by the space shape.

In addition, in the case of the atmospheric open ballast water treatment apparatus 20, it should be avoided to install it below the draft line 40 of a ship in case of the structure. On the other hand, in the case where the ballast water treatment apparatus 20 is installed above the top of the ballast tank 6 and the existing ballast pump 13 is used, an extra modification such as raising the discharge pressure of the ballast pump 13 is required. It becomes necessary and wastes. Therefore, in the case of the atmosphere open type ballast water treatment apparatus 20, it can be said that it is very reasonable to install it in the steering gear chamber 9 located above the waterline 40 of a ship, and below the top part of the ballast tank 6. have.

As described above, according to the ship structure of the present invention described above, the ballast water treatment apparatus 20, which is required to be installed in the future, does not require a hull design or a drastic change in linearity, and a new ship or an existing ship is not required. Even in the case of retrofitting and installing, various kinds of ballast water treatment apparatuses can be easily installed in various kinds of ships. That is, in the present invention, the ballast water treatment apparatus in the ship structure is a steering gear room 9 which utilizes the space of the steering gear room 9 necessary for the ship structure effectively and has little influence on arrangement constraints and other ship structures. We found out that it is the best installation place of (20).

Moreover, since the steering gear 9 is adjacent to the engine room 8 in which the ballast pump 13 is installed, the piping length required for the processing apparatus inlet piping system 15 and the processing apparatus outlet piping system 16 is shown. And a pipe installation space can be minimized, and the pressure loss accompanying the ballast water treatment can also be minimized.

Moreover, since the steering chamber 9 is a non-explosion-proof area, there also exists an advantage that the restriction | limiting of various control apparatuses and electrical apparatuses is at least eliminated.

In addition, since the steering chamber 9 is located above the draft of the ship, there is also an advantage that the ballast water can be easily drained outboard in an emergency.

In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, It can change suitably within the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

1 LNG ship
4 stern
6 ballast tank
7 residence
8 engine room
9 steering room
10 void
12 intake
Inlet for 12 'buffer tank
13 ballast pump
13 'Treated Water Transfer Pump
14 Ballast Water Piping System
15 Processing System Inlet Piping System
16 Processing Unit Outlet Piping System
16 'Treated Water Transfer Pipe System
17 drain
20 ballast water treatment device
30 decks
40 waterline

Claims (7)

A ship provided with a ballast water treatment apparatus for treating and removing or killing microorganisms in ballast water at the time of intake or drainage of ballast water,
The ballast water treatment apparatus is disposed in the steering chamber behind the ship,
The steering wheel room is a non-explosion-proof zone,
The steering chamber is located above the waterline. The method of claim 1,
The ship, characterized in that the ballast water treatment device is disposed on the deck formed in the steering chamber. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
A stern void space is used as a buffer tank of the ballast water treatment apparatus. delete The ship according to claim 1, wherein the steering chamber is adjacent to an engine room in which a ballast pump is installed. delete delete

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