KR101027595B1 - Exposure water-proofing composites of concrete constructions and complex exposure water-proofing construction method using thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A complex exposure waterproof construction method is provided to improve workability and stability as well as adhesion and durability and to prevent cracks by imparting flexibility to a water-proofing layer by mixing bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin. CONSTITUTION: A complex exposure waterproof construction method comprises the steps of (S10) adding modified aliphatic amine-based hardeners and organic solvents to wet epoxy with 300-900 molecular weight to prepare a primer; (S20) spreading the primer on a concrete structure; (S30) mixing a plastic resin, solvent-free epoxy and hardener to prepare a waterproof composition; (S40) spreading the waterproof composition to the upper part of the primer to prepare a waterproof layer; (S50) spreading soft urethane to the upper part of the waterproof layer to prepare a crack prevention layer; and (S60) spreading acrylic modified urethane to the upper part of the crack prevention layer to prepare an aging prevention layer.

Description

Composition for exposure waterproofing of concrete structure and composite exposure waterproofing method using same {EXPOSURE WATER-PROOFING COMPOSITES OF CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIONS AND COMPLEX EXPOSURE WATER-PROOFING CONSTRUCTION METHOD USING THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure and a composite exposure waterproofing construction method using the same, and more particularly, by mixing a composite material such as epichlorohydrin, dimer fatty acid, isocyanate, glycidyl ether at an optimal ratio. Compared with the conventional waterproof composition, the waterproof composition is optimized for the waterproofing of the concrete structure, and has flexibility so that there is no cracking, and the waterproof composition of the waterproof structure of the concrete structure has significantly improved waterproofness, durability, adhesiveness, chemical resistance and durability. The present invention relates to a composite exposure waterproof construction method.

In general, waterproof construction is performed to form a water-permeable waterproof layer on the surface of the structure in order to prevent moisture from penetrating the inside, such as the roof, floor, underground parking lot of the structure, such as buildings.

This type of waterproofing can be divided into roofs, indoors, tanks, and underground waterproofing in buildings, and especially in the case of roof waterproofing, asphalt waterproofing, sheet waterproofing, urethane waterproofing, and rubber asphalt vending have been constructed.

In the conventional waterproof construction, a rooftop was added by adding a waterproofing liquid in the process of aging concrete, or a method of finishing using a sheet or the like after lamination using the waterproofing liquid was used.

However, even with such waterproof construction, problems such as corrosion of concrete and leakage due to lack of maintenance after completion of a building are being considered for the provision of countermeasures. Leakage is the first signal of deterioration of structure performance, and it is also a major cause of inconveniences in residential life and facilities.

The cost of repairs due to leakage is 2 ~ 3 times the initial construction cost, but it is difficult to repair the complete leak, and the recurring leakage occurs over time, resulting in huge cost loss due to repeated trial and error. have.

Conventional waterproofing method is divided into exposure waterproofing method and non-exposure waterproofing method, of which the most commonly used as the exposure waterproofing method is the coating film waterproofing method using the polyurethane waterproofing material with excellent elasticity and elongation and the sheet waterproofing method using the sheet. Specifically, the method used as the exposure waterproof method is as follows.

 First, elastic polyurethane coating waterproofing method

 Second, soft epoxy film waterproofing method

 Third, inorganic elastic coating waterproofing method

 Fourth, rubberized asphalt film waterproofing method

 Fifth, rubberized film waterproofing method

 Sixth, there is a composite sheet waterproofing method.

First, the elastic urethane 3mm thick waterproof film coating method is the most widely used method of elasticity and excellent elongation, so that even if cracks occur in concrete, there is no crack in the waterproof layer. However, the urethane coating waterproofing method should have a thickness of 3mm or more to form a good waterproof property, but if water is accumulated in the waterproofing layer of 3mm or less, water penetrates into the interior due to the permeability and breathability of urethane. It can solve the problem of water seeping.

Secondly, the soft epoxy waterproofing method is excellent in waterproofness, and even in one-time painting, the waterproofness is very good. However, due to the aging of ultraviolet rays, outdoor waterproofing is impossible, and it is widely used for waterproofing underground layers, drinking water and water tanks.

Third, the inorganic elastic coating waterproofing method is to mix the soft acrylic resin with Portland cement to form a coating film about 3mm to waterproof. However, according to the waterproof method, since the polymerization is released and reduced to acrylic acid in the place where the water is accumulated, the concrete and the neutralization reaction occurs to oxidize the concrete surface, which causes the problem that the coating layer is adhered to the oxide layer and peeled off. Therefore, it is an unsuitable method for rooftop waterproofing.

Fourth, the rubberized asphalt film waterproofing method is a method of waterproofing the coating film by mixing the rubber after dissolving the rubber in the asphalt. However, the rubberized asphalt coating film is a method that cannot be used for waterproofing external exposure even when used for internal non-exposure waterproofing due to easy aging and crack generation and generation of air pockets due to ultraviolet exposure.

Fifth, the rubberized film waterproofing method is a material synthesized by dissolving rubber in a solvent and synthetic resin, and this method is also weak against ultraviolet rays, so it is suitable for waterproofing bridges or non-exposures rather than rooftop waterproofing.

Sixth, the composite sheet method is a method in which rubberized asphalt sheet or synthetic rubber sheet is laid on the front surface of concrete, urethane resin is applied to the joints, and glass fiber is bonded to each other, and the sheet can be applied at room temperature. It has excellent durability and can be used as a whole to secure a waterproof layer with a constant thickness. However, it is difficult to waterproof the complex parts, and it is impossible to achieve perfect bonding at the joints between the sheets, causing water leakage accidents due to cracks, and in case of water leakage, partial repair is difficult, and a lot of costs are incurred by removing and rebuilding the entire waterproof layer. And there is a problem that the mother layer is corroded due to the condensation phenomenon is severe because the waterproof layer is not attached to the floor.

In particular, the air pocket phenomenon caused by evaporation of water in concrete has a problem caused by expansion of the air layer sealed by peeling of pinholes or mortars of the surface concrete in addition to the moisture of the concrete matrix.

In addition, because the stretch concrete has a high water content and the concrete itself is alkaline, when using an epoxy primer or a urethane primer used in the prior art, there is a problem in that the adhesion is poor and peeling phenomenon occurs.

That is, in the prior art, there is a problem of lifting or cracking or air pockets due to poor adhesion due to moisture due to high moisture content in wet concrete or winter construction on exposed rooftop construction of concrete buildings, and the waterproof coating is permeable to prevent oxidation or aging of concrete structures. There is a problem that promote or neutralize the waterproofing material and concrete.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to mix bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin, dimer fatty acid, isocyanate and the like in an optimum ratio to give flexibility to the waterproof layer to suppress cracking, It is to provide a composition for waterproofing the exposed concrete structure of the concrete structure is significantly improved durability by not oxidizing or neutralizing the concrete.

In addition, as a solvent-free, even if the thickness of the waterproof layer to 10mm thick, there is no change in physical properties or cracks, and to provide a waterproof waterproof composition of the concrete structure excellent waterproof.

In addition, by mixing glycidyl ether, calcium carbonate, etc., to improve the workability and stability, as well as to provide a composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure significantly improved adhesion and overall durability.

In addition, by using a primer using wettable low molecular weight epoxy, the adhesion is greatly improved through ion exchange with moisture in concrete, and the primer penetrates into the concrete structure to strengthen and reinforce the structure, thereby suppressing the peeling phenomenon. An object of the present invention is to provide a composite exposure waterproof construction method.

In addition, by forming the waterproof layer, the crack prevention layer, and the anti-aging layer on the primer layer in order, the weather resistance caused by ultraviolet rays is increased, and the durability of water resistance, heat resistance, etc. is not only improved, but the composite exposure and waterproof construction with excellent workability and water retention in a simple process. It is an object to provide a method.

In addition, since each layer performs a composite waterproof function, the overall waterproofing performance is significantly improved, and the waterproofing performance retention time is also increased to provide excellent economical efficiency, and it is essential to prevent various defects in the conventional waterproofing of concrete structures, that is, rooftop waterproofing. It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite exposure waterproof construction method.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, the composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure according to the present invention, comprising a epoxy containing bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin, dimer fatty acid, isocyanate and hydroxyl groups It features.

In addition, glycidyl ether (glycidylether), an inorganic pigment, calcium carbonate and a curing agent is further included, the curing agent is characterized in that the cycloaliphatic amine and polyamide.

The bisphenol A is 30 to 100 parts by weight, the epichlorohydrin is 20 to 80 parts by weight, the dimer fatty acid is 20 to 50 parts by weight, and the isocyanate is 50 to 200 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy. To 100 parts by weight of the epoxy, the glycidyl ether is 5 to 30 parts by weight, the inorganic pigment is 5 to 20 parts by weight, the calcium carbonate is 20 to 50 parts by weight, the alicyclic amine is 30 to 80 parts by weight, the polyamide is characterized in that it comprises 40 to 90 parts by weight.

The epoxy has an equivalent weight of 1500 to 2000 g / eq and a degree of polymerization of 3 to 15.

In addition, in the composite exposure waterproof construction method using the composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure according to the present invention for achieving the above object, by adding a modified aliphatic amine-based curing agent and an organic solvent to a wet epoxy having a molecular weight of 300 to 900 primer To prepare a primer manufacturing step; A primer applying step of applying the primer to the concrete structure; A waterproof composition manufacturing step of preparing a waterproof composition by mixing a plastic resin, an epoxy, and a curing agent; And a waterproof layer forming step of forming the waterproof layer by applying the waterproof composition on the primer.

In addition, a crack preventing layer forming step of forming a crack preventing layer by applying a soft urethane on the waterproof layer; And an anti-aging layer forming step of forming an anti-aging layer by applying an acrylic modified urethane on the crack preventing layer.

In the primer manufacturing step, the wettable epoxy is equivalent to 150 to 450g / eq, the organic solvent is characterized in that at least one of toluene or methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), the primer coating step, 5 ℃ to 35 It is made at a temperature of ℃, the first primer coating step of applying the primer 0.1 to 0.5kg / ㎡; A first curing step of curing at a temperature of 5 ° C. to 35 ° C. for 1 to 3 hours after applying the first primer; A second primer applying step of applying 0.05 to 0.15kg / m 2 of the primer; After the secondary primer is applied, the second curing step for curing at a temperature of 5 ℃ to 35 ℃ for 4 to 12 hours; characterized in that comprises a.

In the waterproof composition manufacturing step, in the waterproof composition manufacturing step, the plastic resin is prepared by condensation reaction of bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, and then added dimer fatty acid during the reaction, the solvent-free epoxy is a hydroxyl group It is prepared by polymerizing an isocyanate and an isocyanate, wherein the curing agent is prepared by mixing a cycloaliphatic amine and a polyamide, and after re-synthesizing the plastic resin and the solvent-free epoxy, and mixed with the curing agent, the epoxy equivalent is 1500 To 2000 g / eq.

In addition, in the waterproof composition manufacturing step, further comprising a glycidyl ether, an inorganic pigment and calcium carbonate to the waterproof composition, in the waterproof composition manufacturing step, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy, the bisphenol A 30 to 100 parts by weight, 20 to 80 parts by weight of the epichlorohydrin, 20 to 50 parts by weight of the dimer fatty acid, 50 to 200 parts by weight of the isocyanate, 5 to 30 parts by weight of the glycidyl ether, The inorganic pigment is 5 to 20 parts by weight, the calcium carbonate is 20 to 50 parts by weight, the alicyclic amine is 30 to 80 parts by weight, the polyamide is characterized in that it comprises 40 to 90 parts by weight.

The waterproofing layer forming step, after applying the waterproof composition 0.8 to 1.6kg / ㎡, and cured for 6 to 12 hours to form a waterproof layer, characterized in that the thickness of the waterproof layer is 1 to 10mm, the crack prevention layer forming step After the coating of the soft urethane 2 to 3kg / ㎡, it is cured for 10 to 15 hours to form a crack preventing layer, characterized in that the thickness of the crack preventing layer is 1.5 to 2.5mm.

The anti-aging layer forming step, after applying the acrylic modified urethane 0.05 to 0.3kg / ㎡, and cured for 60 to 90 hours to form an anti-aging layer, characterized in that the thickness of the anti-aging layer is 0.01 to 0.05mm.

The composition for exposure waterproofing of concrete structures according to the present invention and the composite exposure waterproofing construction method using the same are to solve the above problems, by mixing bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin, etc. in an optimum ratio to give flexibility to the waterproofing layer and to generate cracks. In addition to suppressing, there is an advantage that the durability is significantly improved without oxidizing or neutralizing the concrete.

In addition, as a solvent-free, even if the thickness of the waterproof layer up to 10mm, there is no change in physical properties or cracks, and the waterproofing is excellent. In addition, there is a significant improvement.

In addition, by using a primer using wettable low molecular weight epoxy, not only the adhesion is greatly improved through ion exchange with moisture in concrete, but also the advantage that the primer penetrates into the concrete structure and plays a role of strengthening and reinforcing the structure to suppress peeling phenomenon. have.

In addition, by sequentially forming a waterproof layer, a crack prevention layer, and an anti-aging layer on the primer layer, weather resistance due to ultraviolet rays is increased, not only improves durability, such as water resistance and heat resistance, but also has an advantage of excellent workability and water retention in a simple process.

In addition, since each layer performs a composite waterproof function, the overall waterproofing performance is significantly improved, and the waterproofing performance retention time is also increased to provide excellent economical efficiency, and it is essential to prevent various defects in the conventional waterproofing of concrete structures, that is, rooftop waterproofing. There is an advantage that can be solved.

1 is a flow chart sequentially showing a composite exposure waterproof construction method using a composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure of the present invention
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a composite waterproof layer formed on the surface of the concrete structure by the composite exposure waterproof construction method using the exposure waterproof composition of the concrete structure of the present invention

Hereinafter, a composition for exposing waterproofing of a concrete structure according to the present invention and a composite exposure waterproofing construction method using the same will be described.

First, the composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure comprises bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin, dimer fatty acid, an isocyanate and an epoxy including a hydroxyl group.

First, each of the significance of the components, roles, and contents of the exposure waterproof composition of the present invention concrete structure.

The epoxy preferably contains a hydroxyl group (-OH), which serves to strongly bond the epoxy and the isocyanate through the reaction of the isocyanate with the -NCO group.

Here, the epoxy is preferably 1500 to 2000 g / eq, more preferably 1650 to 1800 g / eq, most preferably 1750 g / eq. If the concentration is less than 1500g / eq, there is a problem of deterioration of overall waterproofness. If it exceeds 2000g / eq, bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin, and dimer fatty acid react to decrease the reactivity with the plastic resin or isocyanate formed. there is a problem.

Moreover, it is preferable that the polymerization degree of the said epoxy is 3-15, More preferably, it is 5-10, Most preferably, it is effective. If it is less than 3, there is a problem that the waterproofness is lowered, and if it exceeds 15, there is a problem that the reactivity with the plastic resin or isocyanate is lowered.

The isocyanate serves to prevent aging caused by ultraviolet rays and to provide flexibility by combining with epoxy, the content of which is preferably 50 to 200 parts by weight, more preferably 100 parts by weight of the epoxy. It is effective to include 80 to 150 parts by weight, most preferably 120 parts by weight. If it is less than 50 parts by weight, the anti-aging effect of UV light is insignificant, and there is a problem that cracking occurs due to insufficient flexibility in the waterproofing layer, and when it exceeds 200 parts by weight, there is a problem of deterioration in water resistance due to a large amount of isocyanate unbonded with epoxy. There is.

In addition, the bisphenol A refers to an aromatic compound composed of two phenols having an alcohol group on the benzene ring, which is prepared as a plastic resin through a condensation reaction with the epichlorohydrin and a polymerization reaction with the dimer fatty acid.

The content of the bisphenol A is preferably 30 to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy, more preferably 50 to 80 parts by weight, most preferably 65 parts by weight. If it is less than 30 parts by weight, there is a problem that condensation reaction with epichlorohydrin does not occur effectively. If it exceeds 100 parts by weight, the economical efficiency is low, and the elongation of the plastic resin to be produced is lowered.

In addition, the epichlorohydrin (epichlorohydrin) plays a role of causing a condensation reaction with bisphenol A, the content is preferably included 20 to 80 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy, more preferably 40 to It is effective to include 60 parts by weight, most preferably 50 parts by weight. If it is less than 20 parts by weight, there is a problem that the reaction rate with bisphenol A is lowered. If it exceeds 80 parts by weight, the economical efficiency is low, and the polymerization elongation of the dimer fatty acid is poor, and the elongation of the plastic resin produced is lowered. there is a problem.

The dimer fatty acid (Dimer Fatty Acid) is added after the condensation reaction of bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin to polymerize, thereby improving the flexibility. The content is preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 30 to 40 parts by weight, most preferably 35 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy. If it is less than 20 parts by weight, there is a problem that the flexibility of the plastic resin produced is lowered, and if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, the reactivity of the bisphenol A and the synthetic resin of epichlorohydrin is lowered.

In addition, it is preferable to further include glycidyl ether (glycidylether), inorganic pigments, calcium carbonate and hardener in the composition for exposure waterproofing of the concrete structure.

The glycidyl ether is a diluent of the composition for exposure waterproofing of concrete structures, induces resinization of the composition, and serves to improve workability by lowering the viscosity. The content is preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 20 parts by weight, most preferably 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy. When the amount is less than 5 parts by weight, it is difficult to form a waterproof layer due to insufficient resinization of the composition, and there is a problem in that the viscosity of the composition is high and the waterproof workability is significantly lowered. When it exceeds 30 parts by weight, there is a problem in that it is excessively diluted and the physical properties of the waterproof layer are sharply lowered.

The inorganic pigment reinforces the design element of the concrete structure, and gives a reflection characteristic, thereby acting as an anti-aging. Any inorganic pigment may be used, and it is preferable to use an inorganic pigment composed of at least one of chromium oxide, titanium oxide or carbon oxide.

The content of the inorganic pigment is preferably including 5 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 15 parts by weight, most preferably 12 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy. If it is less than 5 parts by weight, it is difficult to give sufficient aesthetics and reflection characteristics. If it exceeds 20 parts by weight, the aesthetics are not only reduced, but also inferior in economy.

In addition, the calcium carbonate increases the weight of the waterproof layer to prevent movement, thereby improving the stability. The content is preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 30 to 40 parts by weight, most preferably 35 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy. If it is less than 20 parts by weight, there is a slight problem of increasing stability of the waterproof layer, and if it exceeds 50 parts by weight, there is a problem that a crack may occur in the waterproof layer and the concrete structure due to excessive weight.

The curing agent serves to maximize the waterproof composition properties of the present invention, such as crack prevention performance, waterproof performance by appropriately curing the waterproof composition, and several experiments, it is most preferred to use a mixture of alicyclic amine and polyamide. . By mixing alicyclic amines and polyamides having different curing properties in an optimum ratio, a curing agent capable of maximizing the physical properties of the waterproof composition of the present invention is prepared.

The alicyclic amine content is preferably 30 to 80 parts by weight, more preferably 50 to 70 parts by weight, and most preferably 60 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy. If less than 30 parts by weight or more than 80 parts by weight, there is a problem that the curing of the waterproof composition of the present invention is not made properly, the overall physical properties are lowered.

The content of the polyamide may preferably include 40 to 90 parts by weight, more preferably 60 to 80 parts by weight, most preferably 70 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy. If less than 40 parts by weight or more than 90 parts by weight, there is a problem that the curing of the waterproof composition of the present invention is not made properly, the overall physical properties are lowered.

Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings will be described a composite exposure waterproof construction method using a composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure according to the present invention.

1 is a flow chart sequentially showing a composite exposure waterproof construction method using the composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the composite exposure waterproof construction method using the composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure according to the present invention, primer manufacturing step (S10), primer coating step (S20), waterproof composition manufacturing step (S30 ), The waterproof layer forming step (S40), the crack prevention layer forming step (S50), including the anti-aging layer forming step (S60).

Before the primer manufacturing step (S10) it is preferable to treat the surface of the concrete structure to be clean using a perforation, grinding machine, grinder, and the like. In addition, during the maintenance work, after coating the primer prepared in the primer manufacturing step (S10) below 0.1 ~ 0.5kg / ㎡ and cured for 3 hours, it is preferable to planarize by mixing the silica sand in the urethane resin.

Primer preparation step (S10) is a step of preparing a primer by adding a modified aliphatic amine-based curing agent and an organic solvent to the wettable epoxy having a molecular weight of 300 to 900. This is to improve the adhesion through the ion exchange with water in the concrete, and the primer can penetrate into the concrete structure to produce a primer that plays a role of suppressing the peeling phenomenon by strengthening and reinforcing the structure.

The wettable epoxy preferably uses low molecular weight to improve the permeability in concrete. Therefore, the molecular weight is preferably 300 to 900, more preferably 400 to 700, most preferably 500 is effective. If the molecular weight is less than 300, the permeability in the concrete is strengthened, but there is a problem in that the adhesive strength is lowered due to insufficient ion exchange with moisture, and in the case of more than 900, the molecular weight is high and the primer permeability in the concrete is reduced. .

In addition, the equivalent weight of the wettable epoxy is preferably 150 to 450, more preferably 200 to 400, most preferably 300 is effective. If the equivalent is less than 150, there is a problem that the adhesion is not reduced because the ion exchange with the water is not sufficiently made, if the amount exceeds 450 there is a problem that the primer permeability in the concrete is lowered.

The aliphatic amine-based curing agent serves to induce a suitable curing of the primer, the content of which is preferably 50 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 70 to 80 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the wettable epoxy It is effective to include. If it is less than 50 parts by weight, there is a problem that the adhesive strength is lowered due to insufficient curing, and if it exceeds 100 parts by weight, the concrete permeability of the primer is lowered due to excessive curing.

The organic solvent may be used, but at least one of toluene or methyl ethyl ketone is preferably used to maximize the primer properties of the present invention.

Primer application step (S20) is a step of applying the primer to the concrete structure. This is a process for applying the primer to the concrete structure in an optimal way to enhance the adhesion to the concrete and waterproof layer, and to suppress the air pocket phenomenon and peeling phenomenon.

Although the method of apply | coating a primer may be used what kind of method, it is preferable to apply | coat evenly using a roller or a brush.

In addition, the temperature at the time of application is preferably 5 ° C to 35 ° C, more preferably 10 ° C to 30 ° C, and most preferably 23 ° C. If the temperature is less than 5 ° C., the ion exchange reaction between the primer and the concrete moisture does not occur well, and thus the adhesive strength is lowered. If the temperature exceeds 35 ° C., the air pocket phenomenon and the peeling phenomenon occur due to excessive evaporation of the concrete moisture.

The primer application step (S20) may be performed only once, but it is most preferably repeated twice to prevent the air pocket phenomenon and maximize the adhesive force. Therefore, it is preferable that the primer applying step (S20) comprises a first primer applying step (S21), a first curing step (S22), a second primer applying step (S23), and a second curing step (S24).

Primary primer application step (S21) is a step of applying the primer 0.1 to 0.5kg / ㎡, the coating amount is preferably 0.1kg / ㎡ to 0.5kg / ㎡, more preferably 0.25kg / ㎡ to 0.35kg / M 2, most preferably 0.30 kg / m 2. If less than 0.1kg / ㎡ is not enough to absorb the moisture of the concrete, not only air pocket phenomenon occurs, but also has a weak adhesive force, if the coating exceeds 0.5kg / ㎡ primer is applied to the concrete By forming the layer without being absorbed, there is a problem in that the adhesive force is lowered.

The first curing step (S22) is a step of curing at a temperature of 5 ℃ to 35 ℃ for 1 to 3 hours after applying the first primer. This is a process for maximizing the effect of applying the secondary primer by effectively curing the primary applied primer.

The curing time is preferably 1 hour to 3 hours, more preferably 1.5 hours to 2.5 hours, most preferably 2 hours. If it is less than 1 hour, there is a problem that the adhesive strength is lowered while being mixed with the secondary applied primer is not sufficiently cured, and if it exceeds 3 hours, not only economic efficiency is lowered, but also the problem that the secondary applied primer is peeled off have.

Second primer coating step (S23) is a step of applying the primer 0.05 to 0.15kg / ㎡. This is a process for maximizing the air pocket prevention effect and the adhesion strengthening effect by applying the primer secondly after curing the primary primer.

Here, the primer is preferably coated with 0.05kg / m 2 to 0.15kg / m 2, more preferably 0.08kg / m 2 to 0.13kg / m 2, most preferably 0.10kg / m 2. If less than 0.05kg / m 2, the secondary coating effect of the primer is insignificant, and if it exceeds 0.15kg / m 2, the primer is not absorbed by the concrete to form a layer, there is a problem that the adhesive strength is rather reduced.

Curing step (S24) is a step of curing at a temperature of 5 ℃ to 35 ℃ for 4 to 12 hours after the application of the second primer. This is to effectively cure the secondary primer, thereby maximizing the primer coating effect, and also to enhance the adhesion to the waterproof layer.

The curing time of the curing step (S24) is preferably 4 hours to 12 hours, more preferably 6 hours to 10 hours, most preferably 8 hours is effective. If less than 4 hours, there is a problem that the adhesive strength is reduced by being mixed with the waterproof composition to be applied thereafter not sufficiently cured, and if more than 12 hours, economical efficiency is lowered, there is a problem that the waterproof composition to be applied thereafter is peeled off.

The curing step (S22, S24) is preferably cured in the same range as the temperature described in the primer coating step (S20), the reason is as described above.

Next, the waterproof composition manufacturing step (S40) is a step of preparing a waterproof composition by mixing a plastic resin, epoxy and a curing agent. As described above, the present invention relates to a method for producing a composition for waterproofing the exposed concrete structure of the present invention. The waterproof composition and its meaning are as described above.

The plastic resin is preferably prepared by condensation reaction between bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, followed by addition of dimer fatty acid. When the dimer fatty acid is added before the condensation reaction, there is a problem in that the plastic resin given flexibility is not formed properly due to the polymerization reaction with the dimer fatty acid in a state where the condensation reaction does not occur completely.

The solvent-free epoxy resin is prepared by polymerizing an epoxy and an isocyanate containing a hydroxyl group, the curing agent is preferably prepared by mixing a cycloaliphatic amine and polyamide, the epoxy is preferably 1500 to 2000g / eq.

The reason why the plastic resin is reacted with the solvent-free epoxy resin is that the dimer fatty acid and the isocyanate are combined and cured.

In addition, in the waterproof composition manufacturing step (S40), it is preferable to further add a glycidyl ether, an inorganic pigment and calcium carbonate to the waterproof composition, the description thereof is as described above.

Waterproof layer forming step (S50) is a step of forming a waterproof layer by applying the waterproof composition on the primer. This is a process for maximizing the waterproofness and durability by effectively coating the waterproof composition on the primer.

In the waterproofing layer forming step (S50), the waterproof composition is preferably coated with 0.8kg / m 2 to 1.6kg / m 2, more preferably 1.2kg / m 2 to 1.5kg / m 2, most preferably 1.4kg / m 2. effective. If the weight is less than 0.8kg / ㎡, there is a problem that the waterproofing performance is not sufficiently formed because the waterproofing layer is not sufficiently formed. If the weight is more than 1.6kg / ㎡, the waterproofing layer is excessively formed so that the physical properties are deteriorated. There is.

Here, the waterproof composition may be applied in any manner such as a brush, a roller brush, but most preferably, it is applied by applying a pressure of 2000 PSI to 3000 PSI with an injector having a 0.020 mm to 0.030 mm aperture. Here, if the diameter is smaller than 0.020mm, there is a problem that the waterproof composition particles are caught and not evenly sprayed, and when the diameter is larger than 0.030mm, the pressure is significantly lowered, thereby causing an inefficient problem. If the injection pressure is also less than 2000 PSI, there is a problem that can not be sufficiently sprayed due to the high viscosity of the waterproof composition, if the exceeding 3000PSI there is a problem that can not be evenly sprayed with excessive pressure.

Further, after application of the waterproof composition, the curing time is preferably 6 hours to 12 hours, more preferably 8 hours to 10 hours, most preferably 9 hours. If it is less than 6 hours, there is a problem of not being sufficiently cured and the waterproofing performance is lowered, and the adhesion strength with the following crack prevention layer is lowered. There is a problem that the durability can be reduced.

The thickness of the waterproof layer is preferably 1mm to 10mm, more preferably 3mm to 8mm, most preferably 5mm. If less than 1mm, there is a problem that can not exhibit sufficient waterproof performance, if it exceeds 10mm there is a problem that the physical properties of the waterproof layer is weak, the possibility of cracking increases. Unlike the related art, the reason why the thickness of the waterproof layer can be thickened to 10 mm is that the waterproof composition is a solvent-free and has durability to withstand such thickness.

Next, in the exposure waterproof method for the concrete structure, but not required step, in order to maximize the waterproofness and durability after the waterproof layer forming step (S40) added a crack prevention layer forming step (S50) and the anti-aging layer forming step (S60) It is preferable to carry out.

The crack preventing layer forming step (S50) is a step of forming a crack preventing layer by applying a soft urethane on the waterproof layer. This is to effectively prevent the occurrence of cracks even when the mother cracks by applying a soft urethane excellent in elongation and elasticity.

Herein, the soft urethane has an elongation of 600 to 1200% and a hardness of shore A 40 to 50. If the elongation is less than 600%, the crack prevention effect is insignificant, and if it exceeds 1200%, there is a problem that durability is reduced. In addition, when the hardness is less than shore A 40, the stickiness is severe and workability is lowered, and when the shore A 50 is exceeded, there is a slight problem of preventing cracks.

The soft urethane is applied to 2kg / ㎡ to 3kg / ㎡, and then hardened for 10 to 15 hours to form a crack preventing layer, more preferably 2.2kg / ㎡ to 2.8kg / ㎡, most preferably 2.6 It is effective that it is kg / m <2>. When the coating amount is less than 2 kg / m 2, there is little crack prevention effect, and when the coating amount exceeds 3 kg / m 2, durability is lowered.

The curing time is preferably 10 hours to 15 hours, more preferably 12 hours to 14 hours, most preferably 13 hours. If less than 10 hours, there is a problem that the adhesive strength with the anti-aging layer is not sufficiently hardened below, if less than 15 hours, economic efficiency is low, the peeling phenomenon of the anti-aging layer occurs.

The thickness of the crack prevention layer is preferably 1.5mm to 2.5mm, more preferably 1.8mm to 2.3mm, most preferably 2.0mm. If less than 1.5mm, the crack prevention effect is insignificant, if it exceeds 2.5mm there is a problem that the durability is rather deteriorated.

Anti-aging layer forming step (S60) is a step of forming an anti-aging layer by applying an acrylic modified urethane on the crack prevention layer. This is a process to remove the yellowing phenomenon caused by exposure to ultraviolet rays for a long time, which is a problem in conventional exposure waterproofing and to increase weather resistance.

The anti-aging layer forming step (S60) is applied to the acrylic modified urethane 0.05 to 0.3kg / ㎡, and then cured for 60 to 90 hours to form an anti-aging layer, the thickness of the anti-aging layer is preferably 0.01 to 0.05mm.

When the amount of acrylic-modified urethane is less than 0.05kg / ㎡, the effect of UV protection is insignificant, when it exceeds 0.3kg / ㎡ there is a problem that the economic efficiency is lowered, when the curing time is less than 60 hours, it does not cure enough, weather resistance Increasing effect is low, if there is more than 90 hours there is a problem of low economic efficiency.

In addition, the thickness of the anti-aging layer is preferably 0.01mm to 0.05mm, more preferably 0.02mm to 0.04mm, most preferably 0.03mm. If less than 0.01mm, the anti-aging effect is insignificant, if it exceeds 0.05mm there is a problem that the economic efficiency is lowered.

When the composite exposure waterproof construction method using the exposure waterproof composition of the concrete structure of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, the concrete structure 10, primer layer 20, waterproof layer 30, crack prevention layer 40 The anti-aging layer 50 will have a stacked structure in turn.

Hereinafter, to demonstrate the superiority of the composition for exposure waterproofing and concrete composite waterproof construction method using the same of the concrete structure of the present invention through the experiment.

First, the performance of adhesiveness, permeability, etc. of the conventional primer used in the waterproof construction method of the concrete structure and the primer in the composite exposure waterproof construction method of the present invention were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

Here, Examples are primers of the present invention, Comparative Example 1 is a dry polymer epoxy primer, Comparative Example 2 is a urethane primer, Comparative Example 3 is a synthetic rubber adhesive primer, Comparative Example 4 is an aqueous acrylic resin primer.

Example Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Dry cotton adhesive ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ ◎ Wet cotton adhesive ◎ × × △ With concrete
Neutralization ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ × concrete
permeability ◎ △ △ △ ◎ Workability ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ × Aging ◎ ◎ ○ × ○ Salt-resistant ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ ○ Alkali resistance ○ ○ △ △ △ Acid resistance ○ ○ × △ △

◎: Excellent, ○: Good, △: Normal, ×: Poor

As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that Example 1 of the present invention is much superior to the conventional Comparative Examples 1 to 4 in all parts, such as wet surface adhesiveness, concrete permeability, which is essential for waterproofing concrete exposure. In other words, the primer of the present invention is excellent in permeability to concrete unlike the conventional, it was proved to be an excellent primer significantly increased the adhesion of the wet concrete surface through the ion exchange reaction with concrete moisture.

Next, about exposure waterproofing method of concrete structure. Performance of adhesiveness, workability, waterproofness, etc. of the conventional waterproof method and the composite exposure waterproof construction method of the present invention were measured, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.

Here, the embodiment is a composite exposure waterproof method of the present invention, Comparative Example 1 is a urethane exposed waterproof method, Comparative Example 2 is an epoxy coating waterproof method, Comparative Example 3 inorganic elastic coating waterproof method, Comparative Example 4 is a synthetic rubber waterproof method , Comparative Example 5 is a composite sheet waterproofing method.

Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 5 Dry cotton adhesiveness ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ ○ Adhesion × Wet cotton adhesiveness ◎ × △ × △ Adhesion × Waterproof performance ◎ ◎ ◎ ○ ○ ◎ Waterproof performance ◎ ○ × △ × ○ With concrete
Neutralization ◎ ◎ ◎ × ○ Adhesion × Workability ◎ ◎ ◎ △ ○ △ UV Aging ◎ ◎ × ○ × ◎ Salt-resistant ◎ ○ ◎ △ △ ○ Impact on waterproof layer when concrete cracks ◎ ◎ × ○ ○ ◎ Alkali resistance ○ ○ ○ △ △ ○ Acid resistance ○ ○ ○ × △ ○

◎: Excellent, ○: Good, △: Normal, ×: Poor

As shown in Table 2, Example 1 of the present invention is superior to the conventional Comparative Examples 1 to 5 in all parts, such as wet surface adhesiveness, waterproof, waterproof performance maintenance essential for waterproofing the concrete. have. That is, the exposure waterproof method of the present invention, unlike conventional exposure to waterproof concrete, excellent crack prevention performance, UV anti-aging performance, etc., due to the effective composite waterproofing, it was proved that the overall performance is significantly improved.

As mentioned above, the structure of this invention was demonstrated in detail with reference to an experimental example. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above experimental examples, and may be embodied in various forms of experimental examples within the scope of the appended claims. Without departing from the gist of the invention as claimed in the claims, it is intended that such modifications can be made by anyone of ordinary skill in the art to be within the scope of the claims.

10: concrete structure
20: primer layer
30: waterproof layer
40: crack prevention layer
50: anti-aging layer

Claims (16)

Bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin (epichlorohydrin), dimer fatty acid, isocyanate and epoxy composition containing a hydroxyl group comprising a composition for exposure waterproofing of concrete structures
The method of claim 1,
Glycidyl ether (glycidylether), inorganic pigments, calcium carbonate and hardening agent for the composition of the waterproof structure, characterized in that it further comprises a curing agent
The method of claim 2,
The curing agent for exposure waterproof composition of the concrete structure, characterized in that the alicyclic amine and polyamide
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The bisphenol A is 30 to 100 parts by weight, the epichlorohydrin is 20 to 80 parts by weight, the dimer fatty acid is 20 to 50 parts by weight, and the isocyanate is 50 to 200 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy. Exposure waterproof composition of the concrete structure, characterized in that
The method of claim 3, wherein
With respect to 100 parts by weight of the epoxy, the glycidyl ether is 5 to 30 parts by weight, the inorganic pigment is 5 to 20 parts by weight, the calcium carbonate is 20 to 50 parts by weight, the alicyclic amine is 30 to 80 parts by weight , The polyamide is exposed to the waterproof composition of the concrete structure, characterized in that it comprises 40 to 90 parts by weight
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The epoxy has an equivalent weight of 1500 to 2000 g / eq, the composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure, characterized in that the polymerization degree of 3 to 15
In the composite exposure waterproof construction method using the exposure waterproof composition of a concrete structure,
A primer preparation step of preparing a primer by adding a modified aliphatic amine curing agent and an organic solvent to a wettable epoxy having a molecular weight of 300 to 900;
A primer applying step of applying the primer to the concrete structure;
A waterproof composition manufacturing step of preparing a waterproof composition by mixing a plastic resin, a solventless epoxy, and a curing agent;
Forming a waterproof layer by applying the waterproof composition on the primer;
A crack preventing layer forming step of forming a crack preventing layer by applying a soft urethane on the waterproof layer; And
The composite exposure waterproof construction method using the composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure, characterized in that it comprises a; anti-aging layer forming step of forming an anti-aging layer by applying an acrylic modified urethane on the crack prevention layer
delete The method of claim 7, wherein
In the primer manufacturing step, the wettable epoxy is equivalent to 150 to 450g / eq, the organic solvent is composite exposure waterproofing using the composition for exposure waterproofing of the concrete structure, characterized in that at least one of toluene or methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) Construction method
The method of claim 7, wherein
The primer coating step is made at a temperature of 5 ℃ to 35 ℃,
A primary primer applying step of applying 0.1 to 0.5kg / m 2 of the primer;
A first curing step of curing at a temperature of 5 ° C. to 35 ° C. for 1 to 3 hours after applying the first primer;
A second primer applying step of applying 0.05 to 0.15kg / m 2 of the primer;
After applying the secondary primer, the secondary curing step of curing at a temperature of 5 ℃ to 35 ℃ for 4 to 12 hours; composite exposure waterproof construction method using a composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure comprising a
The method of claim 7, wherein
In the waterproof composition manufacturing step, the plastic resin is condensation reaction of bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, and then prepared by adding a dimer fatty acid during the reaction, the solvent-free epoxy polymerizes epoxy and isocyanate containing a hydroxyl group Wherein the curing agent is prepared by mixing an alicyclic amine and a polyamide, resynthesizing the plastic resin and the solvent-free epoxy, and then mixing the curing agent with the curing agent, wherein the epoxy has an equivalent weight of 1500 to 2000 g / eq. Composite exposure waterproofing method using exposed waterproof composition of concrete structure
The method of claim 7, wherein
In the manufacturing step of the waterproof composition, a composite exposure waterproof construction method using the composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure, characterized in that further adding glycidyl ether, inorganic pigment and calcium carbonate to the waterproof composition.
delete The method of claim 7, wherein
The waterproofing layer forming step, after applying the waterproof composition 0.8 to 1.6kg / ㎡, and cured for 6 to 12 hours to form a waterproof layer, the thickness of the waterproof layer is a composition for exposure waterproofing of a concrete structure, characterized in that 1 to 10mm Combined exposure waterproof construction method
The method of claim 7, wherein
In the crack preventing layer forming step, after applying the soft urethane 2 to 3kg / ㎡, and cured for 10 to 15 hours to form a crack preventing layer, the thickness of the crack preventing layer of the concrete structure, characterized in that Composite exposure waterproofing method using exposed waterproof composition
The method of claim 7, wherein
The anti-aging layer forming step, after applying the acrylic modified urethane 0.05 to 0.3kg / ㎡, and cured for 60 to 90 hours to form an anti-aging layer, the thickness of the anti-aging layer is characterized in that the concrete is 0.01 to 0.05mm Composite exposure waterproofing method using exposed waterproof composition of structure

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