KR101013869B1 - Non-contact charging device for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle, and when charging, it is possible to match the primary coil portion and the secondary coil portion to the correct charging position, easy operation of the vehicle for charging, it is possible to match the exact charging position high efficiency It relates to a non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle that can be charged. In order to achieve the above object, in the non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle comprising a primary coil portion for power supply fixed to the ground and a secondary coil portion for receiving power installed on the vehicle side, the secondary coil portion in the vehicle side The primary coil is supported by a plurality of elastic members that are elastically stretched and installed, and the secondary coil part is integrally provided with a guide into which the primary coil part is inserted downward, and the primary coil fixed to the ground when the vehicle moves for charging. Disclosed is a non-contact charging apparatus for an electric vehicle, wherein the secondary coil part is moved to a charging position with the primary coil part while the insertion part is inserted into the guide.

Electric vehicle, battery, charging device, contactless, primary coil unit, secondary coil unit

Description

Non-contact charging device for electric vehicle

The present invention relates to a non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle including a primary coil part for power supply fixed to the ground and a secondary coil part for receiving installed on the vehicle side. will be.

As is well known, current gasoline and diesel engines using fossil fuels have many problems such as environmental pollution due to exhaust gas from the engine, global warming due to carbon dioxide, and respiratory disease caused by ozone generation.

And because fossil fuels on Earth are so limited, they are in danger of becoming exhausted someday.

In order to solve these problems, pure electric vehicles (EVs) using a drive motor as a driving source, or hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) using a drive source as an engine and a driving motor have been developed.

An electric vehicle basically includes a driving motor for driving a vehicle and a battery for supplying power to the driving motor, and a battery (main battery) is distinguished from an auxiliary battery for supplying electric devices to an existing gasoline vehicle.

Today, a variety of charging methods are used to charge the battery of an electric vehicle, which is directly connected to a vehicle by charging a cable of a charger installed in a charging station (plug-in method) or by a primary coil and a secondary coil. For example, the non-contact charging method using the electromagnetic induction phenomenon.

Among them, in the non-contact charging method, a primary coil is installed on the ground, and a secondary coil is installed in the vehicle to pass the primary coil in a non-contact manner. Will charge.

In the non-contact charging method as described above, the charging efficiency increases when the distance between the primary coil and the secondary coil is close, but the charging efficiency decreases as the distance increases.

Therefore, various apparatuses and methods for matching the positions of the primary coil and the secondary coil during charging of the electric vehicle have been proposed.

For example, a method using a sensor that detects that the primary coil on the ground side is correctly aligned with the secondary coil on the vehicle side is used.

In this method, after the position sensor is installed at the center of the primary coil, the vehicle enters the primary coil side and detects through the position sensor that the secondary coil of the vehicle is correctly positioned at the primary coil on the ground. Allow the battery to charge when set.

However, in the conventional method as described above, since the primary coil and the secondary coil are completely fixed to the ground and the vehicle, respectively, it is not easy to accurately position the coils on both sides, which makes charging and operation difficult as well as time. It also takes a lot.

Since the primary coil and the secondary coil are located under the vehicle body, the driver cannot see them while driving, and it is difficult to match the two coils.

In addition, since the primary coil and the secondary coil are completely fixed, the gap between the two coils and the position of the secondary coil vary depending on various factors such as the height of the body and the weight of the cargo.

In addition, it is true that most of the charging devices and the positioning device used in the prior art require a high installation cost, which is economically burdensome in application.

Therefore, the present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, it is possible to match the primary coil and the secondary coil to the correct charging position during charging, easy operation of the vehicle for charging, can be adjusted to the exact charging position The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle that enables high-efficiency charging.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in the non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle comprising a primary coil portion for power supply fixed to the ground, and a secondary coil portion for receiving power installed on the vehicle side, the secondary coil An additional vehicle is supported and installed on a plurality of elastic members that are elastically stretched on the vehicle side, and the secondary coil part is integrally installed with a guide into which the primary coil part is inserted downward, and fixed to the ground when the vehicle moves for charging. As the primary coil part is inserted into the guide, the secondary coil part may move to a charging position with the primary coil part.

In a preferred embodiment, the guide is composed of guide plates installed on the left and right sides of the secondary coil portion downward, and the primary coil portion is inserted through the inlet portion of which the front surface is opened in the guide plates on both the left and right sides. It is characterized by.

In addition, the inlet portion of the guide plate is characterized in that it is formed in a structure that extends to the left and right.

In addition, the rear end of the guide is characterized in that the resilient support for stopping the movement of the secondary coil unit and the guide is installed while the secondary coil unit is moved to the charging position.

In addition, the expansion and contraction member is fixed to the support plate installed in the lower vehicle, the support plate is characterized in that the lifting mechanism is provided by the link mechanism and the actuator for driving the link mechanism provided between the lower vehicle.

Accordingly, according to the non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention, when charging, the primary coil part and the secondary coil part can be matched to the correct charging position, the vehicle operation for charging is easy, and the correct charging position is adjusted. It is possible to achieve high efficiency charging.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a perspective view illustrating a primary coil part installed on the ground and a secondary coil part installed on a vehicle in the non-contact charging device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view showing the non-contact charging device according to the present invention. to be.

As shown in the drawing, the primary coil unit 10 for power feeding is fixedly installed at a predetermined position on the ground (road surface) 3 through which the vehicle 1 passes for battery charging. The secondary coil part 20 is installed in the lower part of a vehicle, for example, the lower surface of the vehicle body floor 2.

In the present invention, the secondary coil unit 20 is supported and installed in a form suspended from the plurality of elastic members 21 elastically stretched on the vehicle 1 side.

At this time, since the secondary coil unit 20 is fixed to the lower end of the elastic member 21 and elastically supported at the vehicle 1 side, the secondary coil unit 20 can expand and contract in the vertical direction and the vertical inclination direction simultaneously with the expansion and contraction of the elastic member 21. It is also possible to flow in the horizontal direction such as front, rear, left and right, diagonal direction.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the coil springs 21a that are installed vertically long as the elastic members 21 are used, and each coil spring 21a elastically supports the secondary coil unit 20 while being stretched or compressed.

Although the secondary coil unit 20 is supported by four coil springs 21a in FIG. 1, the number of coil springs 21a is not limited to four in the present invention.

In addition, the guide coil 22 is fixedly installed at the lower side of the secondary coil part 20, and the guide 22 has a primary coil part of the ground 3 when the vehicle 1 enters the charging position for charging. It is a component part which guides 10) inside and accommodates simultaneously.

In a preferred embodiment, the guide 22 is composed of two side-by-side guide plate 22a which is installed perpendicular to the left and right sides of the secondary coil unit 20, the ground (when the vehicle 1 proceeds forward) The inlet portion 22b into which the primary coil portion 10 is inserted is formed at the front side of the guide plate 22a so that the primary coil portion 10 fixed to 3) is inserted into the guide.

The inlet portion 22b of the guide 22 is a portion in which the front surfaces of the two guide plates 22a are opened when the two guide plates 22a are installed side by side on both sides of the secondary coil unit 20.

Preferably, the front end portion of the guide 22 may be formed with an inlet portion 22b having a structure extending from side to side toward the front. As shown in FIG. 1, the front end portions of the two guide plates 22a are opened to both sides. The inlet portion 22b may be formed by bending to lose.

As a result, when the vehicle 1 progresses during charging, the secondary coil unit 20 of the vehicle moves forward to approach the primary coil unit 10 of the ground 3, and then the primary fixed to the ground. As the guide 22 on the vehicle side moves forward integrally with the secondary coil portion 20 with respect to the coil portion 10, the primary coil portion 10 is inside the guide 22 through the inlet portion 22b. Will enter.

When the primary coil part 10 fixed to the ground 3 enters the inside of the guide 22, the secondary coil part 20 is automatically moved to the center of the primary coil part 10 to the charging position. Will be located.

In particular, since the secondary coil unit 20 is elastically supported by the coil spring 21a and flows in each direction, the secondary coil unit 20 moves to the primary coil unit 10 and is positioned. Bar, the secondary coil unit 20 with respect to the primary coil unit 10 is to be positioned in the correct charging position.

According to the structure as described above, the inconvenience of having to drive the vehicle carefully in order to accurately match the center position of the secondary coil unit 20 to the center position of the primary coil unit 10 is eliminated.

In addition, since the charging is stopped when the secondary coil unit 20 moves away from the primary coil unit 10 by moving the vehicle 1, the driver does not need to perform a separate operation for discharging the charge.

2 is a side view illustrating a structure in which the secondary coil unit 20 is installed in the vehicle 1, and the primary coil unit 10 for power supply is fixedly installed at a predetermined height (for example, 10 cm) on the ground 3. The secondary coil unit 20 for power reception is installed under the vehicle.

As described above, the secondary coil unit 20 is supported to be movable by the coil spring 21a, which is the elastic member 21, and an upper end of the coil spring 21a is supported by the support plate 24 installed in the lower part of the vehicle. It is fixed to, and eventually the secondary coil unit 20 is installed in the vehicle 1 via the support plate 24 and the coil spring (21a).

 The support plate 24 is provided to be lifted and operated by a link mechanism provided between the lower portion of the vehicle and an actuator 28 for driving the link mechanism, and the lower portion of the vehicle, for example, a body floor, to enable vertical movement. It is connected and supported by the link 25 to the support part 26 fixed to (2).

At this time, the link 25 is connected to the left and right positions of the front and rear ends of the support plate 24, one end of each link 25 is rotatably coupled to the support 26 fixed to the vehicle body floor (2), The support plate 24 can be raised or lowered as each link 25 rotates.

In addition, the other end of each link 25 is provided with a fastening pin 25a, and the front and rear ends of the support plate 24, the slot 24a for moving in the state in which the fastening pin 25a is inserted back and forth It is provided with a long formation.

As a result, one end of each link 25 is connected to the support part 26 and the other end is connected to the support plate 24, so that the link 25 is connected to the support part 26 (which is a rotating shaft to be described later). The support plate 24 is elevated while being rotated about the center.

In addition, the left and right both links 25 of the front end are integrally connected by the rotation axis 27 (arranged laterally with respect to the vehicle body), and the left and right both links 25 of the rear end are also integrally connected by the rotation axis 27. Is connected, the front and rear rotary shaft 27 is rotatably coupled to the support (26).

Accordingly, when the rotation shaft 27 is rotated in the support 26, the two links 25 on both the left and right sides are rotated in the same manner, and the front and rear rotation shafts 27 rotate together to form the four links 25 (the front side). When the left and right two links and the rear two left and right links) are rotated together, the support plate 24 is raised or lowered.

When the support plate 24 is raised or lowered in this way, the secondary coil unit 20 and the guide 22 are also raised or lowered in the same direction, and thus the primary coil unit 10 of the ground 3 and The vertical gap between the secondary coil units 20 of the vehicle 1 can be adjusted.

In the present invention as described above, an actuator 28 for moving the support plate 24 up and down while the link 25 is driven should be provided, and the actuator 28 is installed in the lower part of the vehicle and coupled to the support 26. It may be an electric motor for rotating the rotating shaft 27, wherein the motor is controlled to drive the rotation by the control signal of the controller.

In order to drive the front and rear links 25, the two rotary shafts 27 must be rotated before and after the front and rear links 25 are connected, and two electric motors can be installed.

As the actuator 28, a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder device installed between the vehicle lower part (body floor) and the support plate 24 may be used instead of the electric motor.

In this case, the cylinder body is mounted on the vehicle body floor 2, and the piston tip is coupled to the support plate 24 so that the support plate 24 is moved while the piston advances back and forth with respect to the cylinder body fixed to the vehicle body floor 2. Move up and down.

Of course, at this time, each link 25 is rotated in the support portion 26 about the rotation axis 27 in conjunction with the vertical movement of the support plate 24.

FIG. 3 is a side view illustrating an operating state of the support plate in the charging device according to the present invention, wherein the support plate 24 is lowered so that the primary coil unit 10 of the ground 3 moves forward when the guide plate 22 is moved. Shows a state that the secondary coil portion 20 is adjusted to the chargeable height while being able to be inserted into the inside.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, first, in the state in which the support plate 24 is raised as shown in FIG. 2, even if the vehicle 1 passes over the primary coil unit 10, the guide 22 may be formed by the primary nose. It is maintained at a height that does not collide with the portion 10.

At this time, the distance between the guide 22 and the secondary coil unit 20 should be appropriately set (eg, 20 cm) in consideration of the lowering of the garage by the crew and the cargo, depending on the vehicle model.

On the other hand, the charging efficiency increases as the distance between the primary coil unit 10 for power supply fixed to the ground 3 and the secondary coil unit 20 for power supply installed in the vehicle 1 decreases. .

For example, when the distance (air gap) between the two coil units 10 and 20 is within 10 cm, a filling efficiency of 90% or more can be obtained.

Therefore, at the time of charging, in order to make the secondary coil part 20 mounted in the vehicle 1 approach the primary coil part 10 with the primary coil part 10 in front as shown in FIG. By lowering the support plate 24 by driving the link 25, the height of the secondary coil unit 20 and the guide 22 is adjusted to be low.

At this time, when the driver turns on the operation switch (not shown), the controller (not shown) controls the driving of the actuator 28 to rotate the link 25, and the support plate 24 is lowered. While the secondary coil 20 and the guide 22 is lowered together.

When the vehicle 1 moves forward, the two coil parts 10 and 20 are in a non-contact state in such a manner that the primary coil part 20 of the ground 3 is inserted into the guide 22 as described in FIG. 1. To the charging position.

In the charging device of the present invention described above, if the traveling speed of the vehicle 1 is too fast, the primary coil unit 10 and the guide 22 may collide with each other, and thus may be damaged. It is preferable that the control unit lowers the support plate 24 only when the speed is lower than the speed (eg, 5 km / h).

At this time, the control unit receives the signal of the vehicle speed sensor to drive the actuator 28 only when the reference speed or less to lower the support plate 24.

4 is a side view illustrating a charging state of the charging device according to the present invention, in which the primary coil unit 10 of the ground 3 and the secondary nose of the vehicle 1 are stopped when the vehicle 1 is stopped. A part 20 is shown in a state in which the charging position is combined, and the primary coil unit 10 and the secondary coil unit 20 during the charging has a gap (for example, 10cm) in a non-contact state.

As shown, the primary coil portion 10 of the ground 3 is guide 22 while the secondary coil portion 20 of the vehicle 1 is supported by the coil spring 21a on the support plate 24. ) Is inserted into the inside, and the two coil parts 10 and 20 are combined to the charging position, where the coil spring 21a is tensioned and the center position of the secondary coil part 20 is the center of the primary coil part 10. It will be adjusted to fit the position.

5 is a plan view illustrating the positional deviation of the primary coil unit and the secondary coil unit of the charging apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the secondary nose with respect to the center line of the primary coil unit 10 is shown. There may be a case where the vehicle 1 stops in a state where the center line of the portion 20 is shifted.

Then, when the vehicle 1 moves forward for charging, the secondary coil unit 20 and the guide 22 are formed in such a manner that the primary coil unit 10 is guided along the inlet portion 22b of the guide 22. Is moved to the position of the primary coil unit 10, and after the primary coil unit 10 is inserted into the guide 22, the two coil units 10 and 20 close the gap as shown in FIG. It is exactly overlapped up and down.

When the inlet portion 22b of the expanded structure in the structure of FIG. 5 is formed at the rear side of the guide 22, the vehicle can be charged backward.

6 is an enlarged plan view illustrating a state in which a deviation between the primary coil part and the secondary coil part occurs in the charging device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the center line of the primary coil part 10 is shown. When the center line of the secondary coil portion 20 is shifted, the secondary coil portion 10 is guided along the inlet portion 22b of the guide 22 when the vehicle 1 moves forward. The coil unit 20 and the guide 22 move laterally simultaneously with the tension of the coil spring 21a, and then, as shown in FIG. 4, the two coil units 10 and 20 are positioned up and down with the center line coinciding. Will be placed in.

7 is a plan view for explaining the action of the elastic support formed on the rear end of the guide in the charging device according to the present invention, the rear end of the guide 22 is provided with an elastic support 22c extending to protrude inward.

When the vehicle 1 advances for charging, the secondary coil unit 20 and the guide 22 move forward, and the primary coil unit 10 of the ground 3 is inserted into the guide 22. After the coincidence with the secondary coil portion 20, the secondary coil portion 20 and the guide 22 are no longer moved by the elastic support portion 22c at the rear end of the guide 22.

That is, the secondary coil unit 20 moves forward with the guide 22 until the secondary coil unit 20 coincides with the primary coil unit 10, but after coinciding with the primary coil unit 10, the primary coil unit ( The secondary coil portion 20 and the guide 22 stop while the 10 is caught by the elastic support portion 22c at the rear end of the guide 22.

At this time, even when the vehicle 1 moves forward, the coil coil 21a is tensioned as the primary coil part 10 is caught by the elastic support part 22c, and the secondary coil part 20 and the guide 22 stop. Done.

In this way, even if the vehicle 1 does not stop at the correct charging position, the secondary coil unit 20 overlaps the upper side of the primary coil unit 10 while stopping at the charging position where the center coil coincides with the primary coil unit 10.

After the charging is completed and the vehicle 1 moves forward, the coil spring 21a is stretched to some extent, and the elastic support part 22c is elastically opened while the moving force of the primary coil part 10 is applied. A part 10 passes through the opened elastic support part 22c, and then the two coil parts 10 and 20 are completely separated as the vehicle 1 leaves the charging position.

1 is a perspective view illustrating a primary coil part installed on a ground and a secondary coil part installed on a vehicle in a non-contact charging device according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a side view showing a contactless charging device according to the present invention,

Figure 3 is a side view showing the operating state of the support plate in the charging device according to the present invention,

4 is a side view showing a state during charging of the charging device according to the present invention;

5 is a plan view illustrating a positional deviation occurs when the primary coil portion and the secondary coil portion of the charging device according to the present invention;

6 is an enlarged plan view illustrating a state in which a deviation between the primary coil part and the secondary coil part occurs in the charging device according to the present invention;

7 is a plan view for explaining the action of the elastic support formed on the rear end of the guide in the charging device according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: vehicle 2: body floor

3: ground 10: primary coil part

20: secondary coil portion 21: expansion and contraction member

21a: coil spring 22: guide

22a: guide plate 22b: inlet

22c: elastic support 24: support plate

25: Link 28: Actuator

Claims (9)

In the non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle, comprising a primary coil unit 10 for power supply fixed to the ground (3) and a secondary coil unit 20 for power receiving provided on the vehicle 1 side, The secondary coil unit 20 is supported and installed on a plurality of elastic members 21 elastically stretched on the vehicle 1 side, The secondary coil part 20 is integrally provided with a guide 22 into which the primary coil part 10 is inserted downward, As the primary coil unit 10 fixed to the ground 3 is inserted into the guide 22 when the vehicle 1 moves for charging, the secondary coil unit 20 is the primary coil unit 10. Non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that to move to the charging position with. The method according to claim 1, The guide 22, It consists of a guide plate (22a) installed on the left and right both sides of the secondary coil portion 20 to the lower side, and the primary nose through the inlet portion (22b) of the front opening in the guide plate (22a) on both the left and right sides Non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that part 10 is to be inserted. The method according to claim 2, Inlet portion (22b) of the guide plate (22a) is a non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that formed in a structure that extends left and right while going forward. The method according to claim 1 or 2, After the secondary coil unit 20 is moved to the charging position at the rear end of the guide 22, the primary coil unit 10 is caught and elasticity to stop the movement of the secondary coil unit 20 and the guide 22. Non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the support (22c) is installed. The method according to claim 4, The elastic support portion (22c) is formed in a structure that extends protruding inward from the rear end of the guide 22, the non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that to be elastically opened when passing through the primary coil unit (10). The method according to claim 1, The expansion and contraction member 21 is fixed to the support plate 24 installed in the lower vehicle, The support plate (24) is a non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the lifting mechanism is provided by a link mechanism provided between the vehicle and the lower portion of the actuator (28) for driving the link mechanism. The method according to claim 6, The link mechanism is composed of links 25 installed between the lower left and right positions of the front and rear ends of the support plate 24 and the lower part of the vehicle, One end of each of the links 25 is rotatably coupled to the support part 26 of the lower part of the vehicle, and the fastening pin 25a of the other end is inserted into the slot 24a formed long before and after the support plate 24 to insert the slot. Non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that coupled to move back and forth along (24a). The method according to claim 6, The actuator (28) is a non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that for driving the link mechanism to lower the support plate 24 only when the vehicle speed is below a predetermined reference speed. The method according to claim 1 or 6, The stretchable member 21 is a non-contact charging device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the coil spring (21a) is installed vertically long.

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