KR101013216B1 - A freeze drying method for vegetable worms - Google Patents
A freeze drying method for vegetable worms Download PDFInfo
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- KR101013216B1 KR101013216B1 KR1020080034204A KR20080034204A KR101013216B1 KR 101013216 B1 KR101013216 B1 KR 101013216B1 KR 1020080034204 A KR1020080034204 A KR 1020080034204A KR 20080034204 A KR20080034204 A KR 20080034204A KR 101013216 B1 KR101013216 B1 KR 101013216B1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- 241001248610 Ophiocordyceps sinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 41
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/02—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23B7/024—Freeze-drying, i.e. cryodessication or lyophilisation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2300/00—Processes
- A23V2300/10—Drying, dehydrating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2300/00—Processes
- A23V2300/20—Freezing
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Abstract
본 발명은 동충하초를 급속하게 얼린 상태에서 얼음을 기체로 승화시키는 동결건조방법을 사용하여 건조된 동충하초의 영양소 파괴를 방지하고 고품질의 동충하초를 제공할 수 있도록 한 동충하초의 동결건조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a freeze-dried method of Cordyceps sinensis to prevent nutrient destruction of dried Cordyceps sinensis using a freeze-drying method of sublimating ice with gas in a rapidly frozen state of Cordyceps sinensis.
전술한 본 발명의 특징은 재배 완료된 동충하초를 사각 트레이에 담는 준비단계(S10); 동충하초가 담겨진 사각 트레이를 -35∼-45℃의 온도가 유지되는 동결실 투입하여 13∼17시간 급동결시키는 동결단계(S20); 동결이 완료된 동충하초를 사각 트레이와 함께 동결건조실에 다단으로 장착된 냉열판에 올려놓고 50∼70분간 감압(減壓)시켜 감압실의 진공도가 0.5∼0.3 토르(Torr)가 유지되도록 하는 감압단계(S30); 동결건조실의 냉열판에 내장된 방열파이프에 열매체를 순환시켜 열판이 40℃의 온도에서 3∼5시간 건조 후, 80℃의 온도에서 14∼18시간동안 건조시키는 건조단계(S40); 동결건조실의 냉열판을 순환하는 열매체의 공급을 정지시키고, 냉열판에 내장된 냉각파이프에 냉매를 순환시켜 열판이 -30∼-35℃의 온도가 유지되도록 한 상태에서 50∼70분간 냉각시키는 냉각단계(S50); 냉각이 완료된 동충하초를 동결건조실에서 꺼낸 후 포장하는 포장단계(S60)로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 동충하초의 동결건조방법에 의하여 달성될 수 있는 것이다.Features of the present invention described above is a step (S10) for putting the cultivated Cordyceps sinensis in a rectangular tray; A freezing step (S20) of inserting a square tray containing Cordyceps sinensis into a freezing chamber in which a temperature of -35 to -45 ° C is maintained and rapidly freezing for 13 to 17 hours; After defrosting, the cordyceps is placed on a cold plate equipped with multiple stages in a freeze-drying chamber together with a rectangular tray and depressurized for 50 to 70 minutes to maintain a vacuum of 0.5 to 0.3 torr in a decompression chamber ( S30); A drying step of circulating a heat medium in a heat dissipation pipe embedded in a cold heat plate of the freeze-drying chamber to dry the heat plate at a temperature of 40 ° C. for 3 to 5 hours, and then to dry at 80 ° C. for 14 to 18 hours (S40); Cooling to stop the supply of the heat medium circulating through the cold plate of the freeze-drying chamber, and to circulate the refrigerant in the cooling pipe built in the cold plate to cool the hot plate for 50 to 70 minutes while maintaining the temperature of -30 ~ -35 ℃ Step S50; After the cooling is complete, the cordyceps can be achieved by the lyophilization method of cordyceps, characterized in that the packaging step (S60) for taking out from the freeze-drying chamber for packaging.
동충하초, 냉동, 건조 Cordyceps sinensis, frozen, dried
Description
본 발명은 동충하초의 동결건조방법에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 구체적으로는 동충하초를 급속하게 얼린 상태에서 얼음을 기체로 승화시키는 동결건조방법을 사용하여 고품질의 동충하초를 제공할 수 있도록 한 동충하초의 동결건조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a freeze-drying method of Cordyceps sinensis, and more particularly to a freeze-drying method of Cordyceps sinensis to provide a high-quality Cordyceps sinensis using a freeze-drying method of sublimating ice with gas in a frozen state. It is about.
동충하초는 자낭균류 맥각균목 동충하초과의 소형 버섯류로서, 하초동충이라고도 한다. 대부분 곤충에 기생하여 숙주가 되는 곤충의 시체에 자실체를 낸다. 자실체는 머리, 줄기의 2부분으로 이루어진다. 머리부분은 공 모양, 양끝이 뾰족한 원기둥 모양, 주걱 모양 등으로 불룩해지며, 그 표면 또는 표피 아래에 여러 개의 자낭각을 이룬다. Cordyceps sinensis is a small mushroom of Cordyceps sinus fungus Cordyceps sinensis, also known as worm fungus. Most of them parasitic on insects and produce fruiting bodies in the host of insects. The fruiting body consists of two parts, the head and the stem. The head is bulging in the shape of a ball, a pointed cylinder at both ends, and a spatula, and has several asymptomatic angles on the surface or under the epidermis.
숙주가 되는 곤충은 나비목(붉은동충하초:Cordyceps militaris), 매미목(매미동충하초:C. sobolifera), 벌목(벌동충하초:C. sphecocephala), 그 밖에 딱정벌레목, 메뚜기목 외에 거미에게도 기생하는 것이 있다. Host insects are parasitic to spiders in addition to lepidoptera (Cordyceps militaris), cicada (C. sobolifera), felling (C. sphecocephala), coleoptera and locusts.
이들 균은 숙주를 죽이고 곤봉 모양 또는 줄 모양 등의 자실체를 낸다. 따라 서 겨울에는 벌레이던 것이 여름에는 버섯으로 변한다는 뜻에서 이런 이름이 붙여졌다. These bacteria kill the host and produce fruiting bodies such as clubs or strings. Thus, the name was given in the sense that the burlay in winter turned to mushroom in summer.
동충하초는 예로부터 중국에서는 불로장생의 비약으로 알려져 있다. 뿐만 아니라 폐를 보호하고 신장을 튼튼하게 함으로써 영양강장작용을 하며, 동충하초에는 면역기능을 강화하는 성질이 함유되어 있어 어떤 병에 대해서라도 저항력이 증가하여 잘 걸리지 않게 될 뿐만 아니라, 회복의 속도도 빨라지며, 체력을 증강시킴으로써 감기, 폐결핵, 만성 기침, 천식, 발작, 빈혈, 허약, 남성의 성적기능 장애, 고혈압 등에 좋은 치료력을 나타내며 피로회복에도 효과를 나타낸다.Cordyceps sinensis has long been known in China as a elixir of bully life. In addition, it protects the lungs and strengthens the kidneys, thereby strengthening the nutrition. Cordyceps sinensis contains immunity, which increases resistance to any disease. By strengthening the physical strength, cold, pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic cough, asthma, seizures, anemia, weakness, sexual dysfunction of men, hypertension, etc., good treatment ability and fatigue recovery effect.
따라서, 영양분이 풍부하면서도 효능이 좋은 동충하초는 다양하게 가공되어 차 등에 널리 사용되고 있다.Therefore, Cordyceps sinensis is rich in nutrients and good efficacy has been widely used in tea and the like.
상기 동충하초를 장기간 유통시키거나 식용분말로 가공하기 위해서는 동충하초를 건조시켜 사용하는 것이 대부분이고, 동충하초의 건조는 건조실의 내부에 약 60℃의 열풍을 분사하여 건조시키는 열풍건조방식을 사용하고 있다.In order to distribute the Cordyceps sinensis for a long time or to process into edible powder, it is mostly used to dry the Cordyceps sinensis, the drying of the Cordyceps sinensis uses a hot air drying method to dry by spraying hot air of about 60 ℃ inside the drying chamber.
그러나, 열풍건조방식에 의하여 건조된 동충하초는 열풍 건조하는 과정에서 다양한 영양소들이 파괴되는 등의 문제점이 발생되어 고품질의 동충하초를 제공할 수 없었다.However, the Cordyceps sinensis dried by the hot-air drying method has a problem such that various nutrients are destroyed in the process of drying the air, it could not provide high-quality Cordyceps sinensis.
따라서, 본 출원인은 고품질의 동충하초를 제공하기 위하여 동충하초의 동결건조방법을 제안하게 되었다.Accordingly, the present applicant has proposed a freeze-dried method of Cordyceps sinensis to provide high quality Cordyceps sinensis.
본 발명은 상기한 문제점을 감안하여 창안한 것으로서, 그 목적은 고품질의 동충하초를 구현할 수 있는 동충하초의 동결건조방법을 제공함에 있는 것이다.The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to provide a freeze-dried method of Cordyceps sinensis which can realize high quality Cordyceps sinensis.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 특징은, 재배 완료된 동충하초를 사각 트레이에 담는 준비단계(S10); 동충하초가 담겨진 사각 트레이를 -35∼-45℃의 온도가 유지되는 동결실 투입하여 13∼17시간 급동결시키는 동결단계(S20); 동결이 완료된 동충하초를 사각 트레이와 함께 동결건조실에 다단으로 장착된 냉열판에 올려놓고 50∼70분간 감압(減壓)시켜 감압실의 진공도가 0.5∼0.3 토르(Torr)가 유지되도록 하는 감압단계(S30); 동결건조실의 냉열판에 내장된 방열파이프에 열매체를 순환시켜 열판이 40℃의 온도에서 3∼5시간 건조 후, 80℃의 온도에서 14∼18시간동안 건조시키는 건조단계(S40); 동결건조실의 냉열판을 순환하는 열매체의 공급을 정지시키고, 냉열판에 내장된 냉각파이프에 냉매를 순환시켜 열판이 -30∼-35℃의 온도가 유지되도록 한 상태에서 50∼70분간 냉각시키는 냉각단계(S50); 냉각이 완료된 동충하초를 동결건조실에서 꺼낸 후 포장하는 포장단계(S60)로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 동충하초의 동결건조방법에 의하여 달성될 수 있는 것이다.Features of the present invention for achieving the above object, the step of preparing the cultivated completed Cordyceps sinensis in a rectangular tray (S10); A freezing step (S20) of inserting a square tray containing Cordyceps sinensis into a freezing chamber in which a temperature of -35 to -45 ° C is maintained and rapidly freezing for 13 to 17 hours; After defrosting, the cordyceps is placed on a cold plate equipped with multiple stages in a freeze-drying chamber together with a rectangular tray and depressurized for 50 to 70 minutes to maintain a vacuum of 0.5 to 0.3 torr in a decompression chamber ( S30); A drying step of circulating a heat medium in a heat dissipation pipe embedded in a cold heat plate of the freeze-drying chamber to dry the heat plate at a temperature of 40 ° C. for 3 to 5 hours, and then to dry at 80 ° C. for 14 to 18 hours (S40); Cooling to stop the supply of the heat medium circulating through the cold plate of the freeze-drying chamber, and to circulate the refrigerant in the cooling pipe built in the cold plate to cool the hot plate for 50 to 70 minutes while maintaining the temperature of -30 ~ -35 ℃ Step S50; After the cooling is complete, the cordyceps can be achieved by the lyophilization method of cordyceps, characterized in that the packaging step (S60) for taking out from the freeze-drying chamber for packaging.
이상에서 상술한 바와 같은 본 발명은, 동결건조된 동충하초는 얼음이 기체로 승화되어 건조된 것이므로 일반적인 열 건조 방식에 의해 일어나는 물리 화학적인 변성(變成)이 최대한 억제되어 고품질의 동충하초를 제공할 수 있는 것이므로 동결건조 동충하초로 다양한 식품을 가공하여 소비자들에 제공하면 국민건강증진에 도움을 줄 수 있는 것으로서 동결건조 동충하초의 대외 경쟁력을 최대한 높여줄 수 있는 등의 이점이 있는 것이다.In the present invention as described above, the lyophilized Cordyceps sinensis is ice-sublimated and dried, so that the physicochemical denaturation caused by the general heat drying method can be suppressed as much as possible to provide a high quality Cordyceps sinensis. Therefore, processing various foods with lyophilized Cordyceps sinensis and providing it to consumers will help to promote national health, and it will have the advantage of maximizing the external competitiveness of lyophilized Cordyceps sinensis.
이하, 상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 바람직한 실시예를 도 1의 제조공정도를 참조하여 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment for achieving the above object will be described in detail with reference to the manufacturing process diagram of FIG.
실시예Example
누에를 열 건조한 후 물에다 약24시간 불리고 탈수기로 탈수한 누에를 멸균기에서 120℃에서 약 40분간 멸균한 누에에 동충하초 종균을 접종한 후 배양실에서 5일간 배양하여 재배실에서 10일간 재배한 동충하초를 사각 트레이에 담아 동충하초의 동결건조를 준비하였다(S10).After heat-drying the silkworms, the silkworms were soaked in water for about 24 hours and dehydrated with dehydrator inoculated with the seeds of Cordyceps sinensis in a sterilizer at 120 ° C for 40 minutes, incubated in the culture room for 5 days, and then grown for 10 days in the culture room. Freeze drying of Cordyceps sinensis was prepared in a square tray (S10).
이어서, 상기 동충하초가 담긴 사각 트레이를 운반대차에 적층시킨 후 약 -40℃의 온도가 유지되는 동결실 투입하여 약 15시간 동안 급속하게 동결시켰다(S20).Subsequently, the rectangular trays containing Cordyceps sinensis were stacked on a transport trolley, and the freezing chamber was maintained at a temperature of about −40 ° C. to freeze rapidly for about 15 hours (S20).
이어서, 동결이 완료된 동충하초를 사각 트레이와 함께 동결건조실에 다단으 로 장착된 냉열판에 올려놓고 약60분간 감압(減壓)시켜, 감압실의 진공도가 0.5∼0.3 토르(Torr)로 형성되어 실내가 진공으로 유지되었다(S30).Subsequently, the cordyceps, which had been frozen, were placed on a cold plate equipped with multiple stages in a freeze-drying chamber together with a rectangular tray, and decompressed for about 60 minutes, and the vacuum of the decompression chamber was formed at 0.5 to 0.3 Torr. Was maintained in vacuum (S30).
이어서, 동결건조실의 냉열판에 내장된 방열파이프에 열매체를 순환시켜 열판이 40℃의 온도에서 4시간 건조시킨 후, 열판이 80℃의 온도에서 16시간 건조시켜 약 20시간 동안 건조시켰다(S40).Subsequently, the heat medium was circulated in the heat dissipation pipe embedded in the cold plate of the freeze drying chamber, and the hot plate was dried at a temperature of 40 ° C. for 4 hours, and the hot plate was dried for 16 hours at a temperature of 80 ° C. and dried for about 20 hours (S40). .
상기 동결건조단계(S40)에 의하여 동결된 동충하초에 잔류하는 얼음들이 기체로 승화되어 수분이 제거되어 건조되었으며, 일반적인 열 건조 방식에 의해 일어나는 물리 화학적인 변성(變成)이 최대한 억제되어 고품질의 동충하초를 얻을 수 있었다.Ice remaining in the cordyceps frozen by the freeze-drying step (S40) is sublimated into gas to remove moisture and dried, and the physicochemical denaturation caused by the general heat drying method is suppressed to the maximum to obtain high-quality cordyceps. Could get
상기 열매체(熱媒體, heating medium)는 가스, 수증기, 오일(oil)기름, 디페닐과 디페닐에테르의 공융혼합물 등이 사용되나 본 발명에서는 열매체 오일을 사용하였다.The heating medium is a gas, steam, oil oil, a eutectic mixture of diphenyl and diphenyl ether is used, but the heat medium oil is used in the present invention.
상기 열매체는 전열에 의하여 신속하게 가열된 후 방열파이프를 순환하면서 간접 가열되는 것이므로 직접 가열법에 비해서 국부가열을 피할 수 있고, 온도조절이 용이하며, 화재나 폭발의 위험성도 적어 방열판의 가열이 용이하게 이루어지는 등의 이점이 있는 것이다.Since the heat medium is heated by rapid heat and then indirectly heated while circulating the heat dissipation pipe, local heating can be avoided compared to the direct heating method, temperature control is easy, and the risk of fire or explosion is low, and the heat sink is easy to heat. There is an advantage such as made.
이어서, 동결건조실의 냉열판을 순환하는 열매체의 공급을 정지시키고, 냉열판에 내장된 냉각파이프에 냉매를 순환시켜 열판이 -30∼-35℃의 온도가 유지되도록 한 상태에서 60분간 냉각시켰다(S50).Subsequently, the supply of the heat medium circulating through the cold plate of the freeze-drying chamber was stopped, and the refrigerant was circulated through a cooling pipe built into the cold plate to cool the hot plate for 60 minutes while maintaining the temperature of -30 to -35 ° C. S50).
상기 냉열판에는 방열파이프와 냉매파이프가 함께 내장되어 열매체와 냉매가 각각 순화되도록 하였다.The heat dissipation pipe and the refrigerant pipe are embedded together in the cold plate to allow the heating medium and the refrigerant to be purified respectively.
상기 냉매(冷媒,refrigerants)는 종류가 매우 다양하나 본 발명에서는 무기질브라인 중 염화칼슘(CaCl2)을 사용하였으며, 염화칼슘은 -50℃에서도 액체상태를 유지하고, 값이 싸고 부식성이 적어 가장 일반적으로 널리 사용되는 것이다.The refrigerant (refrigerants) is very diverse, but in the present invention used calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) of the inorganic brine, calcium chloride maintains the liquid state even at -50 ℃, cheap and low corrosiveness is most widely It is used.
그러나, 경우에 따라서는 무기질브라인 중 염화나트륨(NaCl)을 사용할 수 있는 것이므로 본 발명에서는 냉매의 종류에 국한되는 것은 아니다.However, in some cases, since sodium chloride (NaCl) can be used in the inorganic brine, the present invention is not limited to the type of refrigerant.
이어서, 동결건조실의 진공을 해제 한 후 냉각이 완료된 동충하초를 동결건조실에서 꺼낸 후 포장하여 동결건조된 동충하초를 완성할 수 있었다(S60).Subsequently, after releasing the vacuum of the lyophilization chamber, the cordyceps was cooled and taken out of the lyophilization chamber, and then packaged to complete the lyophilized cordyceps (S60).
상기와 같이 포장 완료된 동충하초를 제습 창고에 보관한 후 출하를 하는 것이다.As described above, the packed Cordyceps sinensis is stored in a dehumidification warehouse and then shipped.
전술한 동결건조과정에 의하여 완성된 동충하초는 동결된 동충하초에 포함된 얼음이 기체로 승화되어 수분이 제거되어 건조된 것이므로 일반적인 열 건조 방식에 의해 일어나는 물리 화학적 인 변성(變成)이 최대한 억제되어고품질의 동충하초를 제공할 수 있는 것으로서 동충하초를 장기간 보관하거나 유통시키더라도 변성 및 변질이 방지되어 다양한 식품으로 가공하여 사용할 수 있는 것이다.Cordyceps sinensis completed by the above-mentioned lyophilization process is dried by removing water by sublimation of ice contained in the frozen cordyceps into gas, so that physicochemical metamorphism caused by general heat drying method is suppressed to the maximum. As it is possible to provide cordyceps sinensis, even if the cordyceps is stored or distributed for a long time, degeneration and alteration are prevented and can be processed into various foods.
따라서, 고품질의 동결건조 동충하초로 다양한 식품을 가공하여 소비자들에 제공하면 국민건강증진에 도움을 줄 수 있는 등의 이점이 있는 것이다.Therefore, processing a variety of foods with high-quality lyophilized Cordyceps sinensis can be provided to consumers, which can help to promote national health.
이상에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대하여 도시하고 또한 설명하였으나, 본 발명은 상기한 실시예에 한정되지 아니하며, 청구범위에서 청구하는 본 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 당해 본 발명이 속하는 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구든지 다양한 변형 실시가 가능한 것은 물론이고, 그와 같은 변경은 기재된 청구범위 내에 있게 된다.Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention as claimed in the claims. Various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, and such modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
도 1은 본 발명에 의한 동충하초의 동결건조 과정을 순차적으로 나열한 제조공정도.1 is a manufacturing process chart sequentially listing the lyophilization process of Cordyceps sinensis according to the present invention.
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| KR101170349B1 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2012-08-01 | 권순걸 | Method for preserving Tricholoma matsutake safely and effectively throughout long period of time |
| KR20190055423A (en) | 2017-11-15 | 2019-05-23 | 농업회사법인 주식회사 태평주가 | Manufacturing Method For Phellinus linteus Wine |
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| CN105030706A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-11 | 成都易创思生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing nutrition buccal tablet from Naqu cordyceps sinensis |
| CN105937833B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-04-03 | 江苏博莱客冷冻科技发展有限公司 | Cordyceps sinensis lyophilized technique |
| CN109717354A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-07 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | A kind of method of liquid nitrogen immersion quick-freezing fresh-keeping cordyceps sinensis |
| CN112401290B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-03-11 | 山东省食品发酵工业研究设计院 | Preparation method of tobacco Chinese caterpillar fungus strips |
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| KR100811680B1 (en) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-03-11 | 주식회사 멀베리식품 | A freeze drying method for mulberry leaves |
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| KR20190055423A (en) | 2017-11-15 | 2019-05-23 | 농업회사법인 주식회사 태평주가 | Manufacturing Method For Phellinus linteus Wine |
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