KR100993923B1 - 3차원 물체의 제조 방법 - Google Patents
3차원 물체의 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100993923B1 KR100993923B1 KR1020087013379A KR20087013379A KR100993923B1 KR 100993923 B1 KR100993923 B1 KR 100993923B1 KR 1020087013379 A KR1020087013379 A KR 1020087013379A KR 20087013379 A KR20087013379 A KR 20087013379A KR 100993923 B1 KR100993923 B1 KR 100993923B1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/31—Calibration of process steps or apparatus settings, e.g. before or during manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/37—Process control of powder bed aspects, e.g. density
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/22—Driving means
- B22F12/222—Driving means for motion along a direction orthogonal to the plane of a layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
Description
Claims (7)
- a) 분말 재료로 이루어진 균일한 두께를 가지는 분말층을 제공하는 단계,b) 상기 분말층의 선택된 부분에 광빔을 조사하여, 상기 선택된 부분을 소결 또는 용융시켜 경화층을 형성하는 단계,c) 상기 경화층 상에 추가 분말층을 형성하는 단계,d) 상기 추가 분말층의 선택된 부분에 상기 광빔을 조사하여, 상기 경화층과 일체화된 추가 경화층을 형성하는 단계, 및e) 상기 단계 c), d)를 반복하여 상기 경화층을 적층시켜 3차원 물체를 제공하는 단계를 포함하는, 3차원 물체의 제조 방법으로서,수직으로 이동 가능한 승강 스테이지를 사용하여 경화층을 유지하고, 상기 승강 스테이지를 1 계단씩 하강시켜 분말 재료를 공급함으로써, 상기 경화층 상에 균일한 두께의 분말층을 형성하며,상기 물체의 외피를 형성하는 하나 이상의 상기 분말층의 윤곽 영역에 광빔을 1차 조사하여, 상기 윤곽 영역을 고밀도로 경화시켜 1차 고밀도 경화층을 형성하는 단계,상기 승강 스테이지를 고정 레벨에 유지한 상태로 경화에 의해 두께가 작게 된 상기 1차 고밀도 경화층의 상부에 추가량의 분말을 공급하여, 균일한 두께의 보완 분말층을 형성하는 단계,상기 보완 분말층에 광빔을 2차 조사하여 상기 보완 분말층의 일부 또는 전부를 고밀도로 소결 또는 용융시켜, 상기 1차 고밀도 경화층과 일체화된 2차 고밀도 경화층을 형성하는 단계, 및상기 윤곽 영역에 의해 포위되고, 상기 1차 고밀도 경화층으로 변환되지 않은 나머지 부분의 상기 분말층에 광빔을 조사하여, 상기 나머지 부분을 저밀도로 소결 또는 용융시켜 상기 1차 고밀도 경화층 및 상기 2차 고밀도 경화층보다 저밀도의 저밀도 경화층을 형성하는 단계를 포함하는, 3차원 물체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 보완 분말층 중, 상기 보완 분말층 상에 후속적으로 중첩되는 경화층과 중복되지 않는 부분에만 광빔을 2차 조사하여, 상기 2차 고밀도 경화층을 형성하고,상기 후속적으로 중첩되는 경화층과 중복되는 부분의 상기 보완 분말층은, 상기 보완 분말층 상에 공급되는 분말층과 함께 상기 1차 조사되어, 상기 후속적으로 중첩되는 경화층에 있어서의 상기 1차 고밀도 경화층이 하층의 1차 고밀도 경화층에 일체화되는것을 특징으로 하는 3차원 물체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,수직으로 이동 가능한 승강 스테이지를 사용하여 경화층을 유지하고,상기 승강 스테이지를 1 계단씩 하강시켜 분말 재료를 공급함으로써, 상기 경화층 상에 균일한 두께의 상기 분말층을 형성하며,상기 승강 스테이지를 고정 레벨에 유지한 상태로, 분말 재료를 상기 1차 고밀도 경화층 상에 공급하여, 상기 윤곽 영역에 의해 포위된 미소결 또는 미용융 분말층과 상기 보완 분말층의 표면이 동일 높이가 되도록 상기 보완 분말층을 형성하는것을 특징으로 하는, 3차원 물체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 1차 조사의 광빔의 스캔 방향과 상기 2차 조사의 광빔의 스캔 방향이 서로 교차되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 3차원 물체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 1차 조사의 광빔의 조사 에너지 및 상기 2차 조사 각각의 광빔의 조사 에너지는, 소결 또는 용융되는 분말의 단위 체적당 및 단위 시간당 일정한 것을 특징으로 하는, 3차원 물체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 후속적으로 중첩된 경화층과 중복되지 않는 경화층을 형성하기 위해, 상기 1차 고밀도 경화층과 상기 2차 고밀도 경화층에 서로 상이한 조사 범위에 걸쳐 광빔이 조사되고,각각의 조사 범위는, 상기 분말층의 두께로부터 상기 1차 고밀도 경화층의 두께를 뺀 침강 두께에 따라 결정되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 3차원 물체의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 1차 고밀도 경화층 및 상기 2차 고밀도 경화층은 기공율이 5% 이하이며, 상기 저밀도 경화층은 기공율이 5% 초과인 것을 특징으로 하는, 3차원 물체의 제조 방법.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005330583 | 2005-11-15 | ||
JPJP-P-2005-00330583 | 2005-11-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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KR20080066072A KR20080066072A (ko) | 2008-07-15 |
KR100993923B1 true KR100993923B1 (ko) | 2010-11-11 |
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KR1020087013379A KR100993923B1 (ko) | 2005-11-15 | 2006-11-14 | 3차원 물체의 제조 방법 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8057731B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP1949989B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP4770838B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100993923B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN101309766B (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2007058160A1 (ko) |
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US8728387B2 (en) | 2005-12-06 | 2014-05-20 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Laser-produced porous surface |
CA2572095C (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2009-12-08 | Howmedica Osteonics Corp. | Laser-produced implants |
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US20040228754A1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-11-18 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Method of making a three-dimensional sintered product |
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US20090121393A1 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
EP1949989B1 (en) | 2012-01-11 |
EP1949989A4 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
EP1949989A1 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
US8057731B2 (en) | 2011-11-15 |
KR20080066072A (ko) | 2008-07-15 |
WO2007058160A1 (ja) | 2007-05-24 |
CN101309766B (zh) | 2014-10-08 |
JP4770838B2 (ja) | 2011-09-14 |
JPWO2007058160A1 (ja) | 2009-04-30 |
CN101309766A (zh) | 2008-11-19 |
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