KR100988429B1 - Apparatus for controlling multiple operations of an excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydraulic control apparatus for a traveling complex operation of an excavator, and in particular, includes a first main hydraulic pump (P1), a second main hydraulic pump (P2) and a pilot pump (P3), the first main hydraulic pump P1 is connected in parallel to the left driving control spool 11 belonging to the first control valve group 10A and the plurality of front work device control spools, respectively, and the second main hydraulic pump P2 is the second control valve. It is connected in parallel with the space flight control spool 19 and other front control device spools belonging to the group 10B, respectively. The hydraulic oil of the first main hydraulic pump P1 is joined to the left driving control spool 11 along the traveling supplement line 28 branched from the parallel line 16 of the first control valve group 10A, The supplementary driving line 28 is provided with a variable throttling valve 30 for variably throttling the flow path by the driving priority selection signal or the front work priority selection signal of the selection switch 34 along the driving supplement line 28. By adjusting the amount of oil pressure of the first main hydraulic pump P1 supplemented with the left driving control spool 11, one of the driving operation and the front operation is preferentially operated in accordance with the working conditions during the combined traveling operation. By controlling, the excavator can be operated efficiently according to the working environment.

Excavator, travel, combined work, priority control, travel straight, variable throttle valve

Description

Hydraulic control device for combined driving of excavators {Apparatus for controlling multiple operations of an excavator}

1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a hydraulic control apparatus for a traveling composite operation of a conventional excavator;

2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a hydraulic control apparatus for a traveling composite operation of an excavator according to the present invention.

※ Explanation of code about main part of drawing ※

P1: 1st main hydraulic pump P2: 2nd main hydraulic pump

10A: 1st control valve group 10B: 2nd control valve group

11: Left driving control spool 12: Turning control spool

13: Boom 2 speed control spool 14: Arm 1 speed control spool

15,15a: oil pressure line 16: parallel line

19: Space Flight Control Spool 20: Optional Device Control Spool

21: Bucket control spool 22: Boom 1 speed control spool

23: Arm 2 speed control spool 24: Oil pressure line

25: branch line 26: parallel line

27: driving straight valve M1: left running motor                 

M2: Space Flight Motor 28: Driving Supplement Line

30: variable drawing valve 31: small orifice

32: big orifice 33: pilot line

34: selector switch 35: on-off valve

The present invention relates to a hydraulic control device of an excavator, in particular, in the case of a combined traveling operation that performs the driving operation and the front operation at the same time crawler type excavator traveling of the excavator for controlling the hydraulic pressure so that both the driving operation and the front operation is performed smoothly It relates to a hydraulic control device for combined operation.

In general, the 'front work device' refers to devices such as booms, arms, buckets, turning devices, and optional devices. The term 'compound driving work' refers to driving and front devices by operating the front work device while driving. It is a task that performs the front task simultaneously.

Such an excavator is provided with at least one main hydraulic pump so that the hydraulic oil of these main hydraulic pumps can be appropriately distributed to the front work device or the traveling device in the combined driving operation. In this case, the hydraulic oil of the main hydraulic pump is supplied to both driving motors. The hydraulic control device of the hydraulic circuit as shown in FIG. 1 is provided in order to prevent the excavator from traveling evenly by being not evenly distributed and deflecting to one side.

The hydraulic control device of the conventional excavator will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1. The hydraulic control device of the conventional excavator includes a first main hydraulic pump P1 and a second main hydraulic pump P2. The hydraulic pressure of the first main hydraulic pump P1 comprises a first control valve group 10A and is connected to the first main hydraulic pump P1 in parallel via a parallel line 16. The flow is controlled by the swing control spool 12, the boom 2 speed control spool 13 and the arm 1 speed control spool 14, respectively, and is supplied to the actuator corresponding to these control spools, while the second main hydraulic pump ( The hydraulic oil of P2 constitutes the second control valve group 10B, and each of the space travel control spool 19 and the optional device control spool 20 connected in parallel to the second main hydraulic pump P2 through the parallel line 26. ), The bucket control spool 21, the boom 1 speed control spool 22 and the arm 2 speed control spool 23 respectively control the flow to correspond to these control spools. Is supplied to the actuator.

A branch line 25 branches to the oil pressure line 24 through which the second main hydraulic pump P2 supplies the oil pressure to the space travel control spool of the second control valve group 10B. The hydraulic pressure of the second main hydraulic pump P2 classified through) is controlled by the traveling straight valve 27 provided on the branch line 25 so that the first driving valve group 10A is left driven. It is supplied to the control spool 11 or is joined to the control spool side parallel line 26 for the front work device of the second control valve group 10B.

The traveling straight valve 27 switches the driving oil of the second main hydraulic pump P2 which is switched by the traveling signal and sorted along the branch line 25. The left running control spool 11 on the side of the first control valve group 10A. And distributes the hydraulic oil of the second main hydraulic pump P2 sorted along the branch line 25 at the neutral position when the combined driving signal Pxy is not applied. The two control valve groups 10B are joined to the parallel line 26 on the control spool side of the front work device and supplied to the front work device.

However, in the conventional hydraulic control apparatus, in the case of the traveling combined operation, the oil pressure of the second main hydraulic pump P2 passes through the space travel control spool 19 to drive the space travel motor M2 and at the same time, In the traveling straight valve 27, the direction is changed to drive the left driving motor M1 through the left driving control spool 11. In this case, the meandering of the excavator is prevented, but the two driving motors M1 and M2 are 1. Since the oil pressure of the two main hydraulic pumps P2 is distributed and used, there is a problem in that the running speed is rapidly decreased and an impact due to the flow rate is changed.

In order to solve the problem in which the traveling speed is rapidly reduced in the case of the combined travel operation, the oil pressure of the first main hydraulic pump P1 supplied to the front work device is partially sorted, and left via the traveling straight valve 27. By installing the traveling supplement line 28 for joining the hydraulic oil of the second main hydraulic pump P2 supplied to the traveling motor M1, the insufficient pressure oil is supplied to the left driving motor M1. (28) is provided with a check valve (29a) so that the hydraulic oil supplemented with the left running motor (M1) does not flow back to the front work device, and the orifice (29b) is installed so that too much flow rate is not classified by the left running motor (M1). It is.                         

However, since the opening area of the orifice 29b is fixed constantly, there is a disadvantage in that it is not possible to change the flow rate to be merged into the traveling motor M1 according to the working conditions. Orifice provided in the traveling supplement line 28, for example, when it is necessary to increase the flow rate that is combined through the supplementary driving line 28 so as to quickly move out of the work position during the combined traveling operation, and to increase the traveling speed relatively. Since the (29b) has a fixed opening area, it is impossible to distribute a relatively large flow rate toward the travel motor (M1). On the contrary, the orifice (29b) is fixed even when the front work device should be operated in preference to the travel motor. There was a problem that it is impossible to distribute a large amount of flow to the front work equipment.

Accordingly, the present invention is designed to solve the disadvantages of the conventional hydraulic control device for a traveling composite work of the excavator, to improve the workability of the front working device at the time of combined traveling work, and to prevent meandering, furthermore, the front working device or driving operation An object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic control apparatus for a traveling composite operation of an excavator that can prioritize any one operation over another operation.

The present invention for achieving the above object, the first and second main hydraulic pump; Left and right motors and a plurality of front working devices; A first control valve group having a left driving control spool for supplying and controlling the pressurized oil discharged from the first main hydraulic pump to a left running motor, the plurality of front working devices, and front control spools corresponding to the front working devices; ; A second control valve group having a space travel control spool for supplying and controlling the pressurized oil discharged from the second main hydraulic pump to the space travel motor and the plurality of front work devices, and front control spools corresponding to the front work devices; ; In the case of the traveling complex operation of the traveling and front operation, a part of the hydraulic oil of the second main hydraulic pump supplied to the space traveling motor side is supplied to the left traveling motor, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil of the first main hydraulic pump is In the hydraulic control apparatus for traveling combined operation of an excavator including a traveling straight valve for controlling the control valve group and the second control valve group to be supplied to the control spool for the front work device,

A travel supplement line branched from a parallel line for supplying the pressure oil of the first main hydraulic pump to the control spool for the work device of the first control valve group and connected to the upstream pressure oil line of the left driving control spool; And a variable throttling valve to variably adjust the flow rate supplemented with the left driving control spool through the travel supplement line in accordance with the travel priority selection signal or the front priority selection signal.

And a selector switch for selecting one of the traveling operation and the front operation to be relatively prioritized during the combined traveling operation. The variable throttling valve increases the opening area when the traveling priority selection signal is provided from the selection switch. In the case where the front operation priority selection signal is provided, the opening area is switched to decrease relatively.

In addition, the variable throttle valve is composed of a pilot valve for switching to increase the opening area by the hydraulic pressure of the pilot pump, the pilot line for delivering the pilot hydraulic pressure of the pilot pump to the variable throttle valve is selected The solenoid on-off valve for opening the flow path of the pilot line is connected by the front operation priority selection signal of the switch.

The hydraulic control device of the present invention configured as described above prevents the meandering of the excavator because the hydraulic oil of one of the two main hydraulic pumps is distributed to the two driving motors under the same conditions in the traveling composite operation. In addition, there is an advantage that the excavator can be efficiently operated according to the working environment by controlling the driving operation or the front work to be preferentially operated compared to the other one according to the working condition even during the driving compound work.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a hydraulic control apparatus for a traveling composite operation of an excavator according to the present invention will be described in detail according to the accompanying drawings.

The hydraulic control apparatus for traveling combined operation of an excavator according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, includes a first main hydraulic pump (P1), a second main hydraulic pump (P2) and a pilot pump (P3).

The first main hydraulic pump P1 is connected to the left driving control spool 11 of the first control valve group 10A through the oil pressure line 15, and the other turning control spool 12 and boom 2 speed control. The spool 13 and the arm 1 speed control spool 14 are connected in parallel via parallel lines 16 connected in parallel to the upstream pressure oil line 15 of the left running control spool 11, respectively. The travel control spool 11, the swing control spool 12, the boom 2 speed control spool 13 and the arm 1 speed control spool 14 are supplied through the oil pressure line 15 or the parallel line 16. 1 Control the pressure flow of main pump (P1) and supply it to each actuator.

The second main hydraulic pump P2 is connected to the space travel control spool 19 of the second control valve group 10B via a pressure oil line 24 and other optional device control spool 20 and a bucket control spool. 21, the boom 1 speed control spool 22 and the arm 2 speed control spool 23 are respectively connected to the branch line 25 branched from the oil pressure line 24 on the space travel control spool 19 side. The space line control spool 19, the optional device control spool 20, the bucket control spool 21, the boom 1 speed control spool 22 and the arm 2 speed control spool ( 23 controls the pressure oil of the second main hydraulic pump P2 supplied through the oil pressure line 24 or each parallel line 16 and supplies them to each actuator.

In addition, when the driving straight valve 27 is installed in the branch line 25 and there is no traveling compound work signal Pxy (that is, in the case of driving alone or front work alone), the branch line 25 is classified along the branch line 25. Through the parallel line 26 of the control spools 20, 21, 22, 23 for the front work device of the second control valve group 10B by passing the pressure oil of the second main hydraulic pump P2 without changing the direction. While supplying to each of the front work devices, in the traveling combined work, the traveling straight valve 27 is switched by the traveling combined work signal Pxy, and the second main hydraulic pump is classified along the branch line 25. The pressurized oil of P2 is joined to the pressurized oil of the first main hydraulic pump P1 supplied to the left running control spool 11 side, and is supplied to the left running motor M1.

The upstream side hydraulic oil line 15 of the left running control spool M1 is connected to the parallel lines 16 of the control spools 12, 13, and 14 for the work device on the side of the first control valve group 10A. The branched traveling supplemental line 28 is connected to the left side of the pressure oil of the first main hydraulic pump P1 supplied to the control spools 12, 13 and 14 for the work device of the first control valve group 10A. The pressure oil supplied to the control spool 11 side is supplemented.

The traveling supplement line 28 is provided with a variable throttling valve 30 for adjusting the flow rate to be supplemented from the first main hydraulic pump (P1) to the left driving control spool (11). The variable throttling valve 30 is switched to the orifice 31 having a small opening area by the pilot pressure provided from the pilot pump P3 through the pilot line 33 to be replenished with the left driving motor M1. By relatively reducing the flow rate of the first main hydraulic pump P1, the amount of pressure oil of the first main hydraulic pump P1 supplied to the front work device is increased relatively to give priority to the operation of the front device. .

The pilot line 33 is connected to the solenoid opening and closing valve 35 for opening the flow path by the front work priority selection signal of the selector switch 34, in order to give a priority function to the front work device over the traveling operation When the selection switch 34 is turned on, the open / close valve 35 opens the pilot line 33 to transmit the pilot pressure to the hydraulic pressure portion of the variable throttling valve 30, whereby the variable throttle valve 30 is small. The pressure of the first main hydraulic pump P1 supplied to the front work device by relatively decreasing the flow rate of the first main hydraulic pump P1 supplemented with the left running motor M1 by switching to the orifice 31 of the opening area. The relative amount is increased relatively to give priority to the operation of the front device.

On the contrary, when the selection switch 34 is turned off, the on-off valve 35 shuts off the pilot line 33 to release the pilot pressure on the variable throttle valve 30. Accordingly, the variable throttle valve 30 is relatively large. The traveling operation is fronted by relatively increasing the pressure oil flow rate of the first main hydraulic pump P1 switched to the orifice 32 of the opening area and replenished to the left driving control spool 11 through the travel supplement line 28. It takes priority over the operation of.

Hereinafter, the operation of the present invention configured as described above will be described in detail.

When the driving compound work signal Pxy is generated for the driving compound work, the driving straight valve 27 is switched by the driving compound work signal Pxy to be supplied along the branch line 25 of the second main hydraulic pump P2. While the hydraulic pressure of the second main hydraulic pump P2 is supplied to the left driving motor M1 through the oil pressure line 15 of the left running jet pool 11 belonging to the first control valve group 10A, The hydraulic oil of the first main hydraulic pump P1 is supplied to the control valves of the second control valve group 10b through the parallel line 26 for the work device on the second control valve group 10B. .

That is, when the driving combined operation is performed, the hydraulic pressure of the first main hydraulic pump P1 is controlled by the control spool for each front work device of the first control valve group 10A and the second control valve group 10B, and then the front work device. Are all used to make them work.

On the other hand, the pressurized oil discharged from the second main hydraulic pump P2 is controlled by the space travel control spool 19 belonging to the second control valve group 10B and then drives the space travel motor M2, while a part of the flow rate flows. Is classified along the branch line 25 and is diverted from the traveling straight valve 27 and then supplied to the left driving control spool 11 of the first control valve group 10A along the hydraulic oil line 15 to drive left. The motor M1 is driven. In this way, the pressure oil of the second main hydraulic pump P2 is used to drive the left running motors M1 and M2. However, the hydraulic oil of the first main hydraulic pump P1 used to drive the front work devices is supplied to the control spools 12, 13, and 14 for each front work device of the first control valve group 10A. A part of the flow rate is supplemented to the pressure oil of the second main hydraulic pump P2 supplied to the left driving motor M1 through the driving supplement line 28 so that the speed of the driving motors M1 and M2 does not decrease rapidly. do.

That is, in the case of the combined travel operation, the left and right traveling motors M1 and M2 are supplied with the same hydraulic pressure from one second main hydraulic pump P2 and driven under the same conditions, so that they travel straight without meandering. Partly supplement the pressure oil of the first main hydraulic pump (P1) to compensate for the rapid reduction of the running speed according to the combined operation.

However, when the flow rate of the main hydraulic pump supplied to the front work device is relatively increased during the above-mentioned combined traveling work, it is necessary to relatively increase the operating force of the front work device. In the case of using the front work tool for quick release from the vehicle, it is necessary to distribute greater hydraulic pressure to the front work tool than for the driving operation. In this case, when the selector switch 34 is turned on to open the solenoid on / off valve 35 to apply the pilot pressure of the pilot pump P3 to the hydraulic pressure portion of the variable throttle valve 30, the variable throttle valve 30 opens. Switched toward the orifice 31 having a smaller area, the flow rate of the first main hydraulic pump P1 supplemented to the left driving motor M1 is relatively reduced, and is supplied to the front work device through the parallel line 16. The front work device operates first by relatively increasing the pressure oil flow rate of the first main hydraulic pump P1.

On the contrary, when the traveling operation is to be prioritized during the combined traveling operation, when the selection switch 34 is turned off, the pilot pressure acting on the variable throttle valve 30 is released, and the variable throttle valve 30 is the variable throttle valve 30. By increasing the opening area of N) and increasing the flow rate to be supplemented to the left driving motor M1 through the replenishment line 28, the traveling operation is given priority over the front working operation.

The hydraulic control apparatus for the combined travel operation of the present invention, the hydraulic pressure of one of the main hydraulic pump of the two main hydraulic pump during the driving combined operation of the excavator distributes to the two driving motors under the same conditions to drive the driving motor meandering of the excavator The oil pressure of the remaining main hydraulic pump is used for the operation of the front device, which improves the workability in the traveling compound work that performs both the driving motion and the front work at the same time. By controlling the operation of any one of the front or front work compared to the other has the advantage that can be operated efficiently according to the working environment.

Claims (3)

First and second main hydraulic pumps P1 and P2; Left and right motors M1 and M2 and a plurality of front work devices; A left driving control spool 11 and a front control spool corresponding to the front working devices for supplying and controlling the pressurized oil discharged from the first main hydraulic pump P1 to the left traveling motor M1 and the plurality of front working devices. First control valve group (10A) having a; The space travel control spool 19 and the front control spool corresponding to the front work devices for supplying and controlling the pressure oil discharged from the second main hydraulic pump P2 to the space travel motor M2 and the plurality of front work devices. Second control valve group (10B) having a; In the case of the traveling combined operation of traveling and front work, a part of the pressure oil of the second main hydraulic pump P2 supplied to the space motor M2 is supplied to the left traveling motor M1, and simultaneously The hydraulic pressure of the main hydraulic pump P1 is driven by an excavator including a traveling straight valve 27 for controlling the first control valve group 10A and the second control valve group 10B to be supplied to the control spool for the front work device. In the hydraulic control device for a composite operation, Left running control spool branched from the parallel line 16 for supplying the pressure oil of the first main hydraulic pump P1 to the control spools 12, 13 and 14 for the work device of the first control valve group 10A. A traveling supplement line 28 connected to the upstream pressure oil line 15 of 11), A variable shaft installed on the driving supplement line 28 to variably adjust the flow rate supplemented to the left driving control spool 11 through the driving supplement line 28 according to a driving priority selection signal or a front priority selection signal; Hydraulic control device for the combined travel operation of the excavator, characterized in that it further comprises a valve (30). According to claim 1, further comprising a selection switch 34 for selecting a priority signal for any one of the operation operation or the front operation during the traveling compound operation, the variable throttling valve 30 is the selection switch 34 And an opening area is increased when a driving priority selection signal is provided, and the opening area is relatively reduced when a front work priority selection signal is provided. According to claim 2, wherein the variable throttling valve 30 is composed of a pilot valve for switching to increase the opening area by the hydraulic pressure of the pilot pump (P3), the variable throttling valve 30 to the pilot The solenoid on-off valve 35 which opens the pilot line 33 is connected to the pilot line 33 which transmits the pilot hydraulic pressure of the pump P3 by the front work priority selection signal of the selection switch 34. Hydraulic control device for a traveling composite operation of an excavator.

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