KR100976345B1 - Automatic power apparatus and electric vehicle having the same and driving method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a self-powered apparatus, an electric vehicle having the same, and a driving method thereof, comprising: a controller configured to control and supply electric energy to a driving unit, and provide a control signal for controlling a switch unit; A driving unit converting electrical energy provided by the driving unit into rotational force; A plurality of rotating means for driving the vehicle with the rotational force; The first metal plate to be rotated by the rotation means of the vehicle, a plurality of magnets provided in a divided form on the first metal plate, the second metal plate is positioned at a predetermined interval on the first metal plate, but fixed to the vehicle ; And a plurality of coils provided under the second metal plate, the plurality of coils being insulated from the plurality of magnets and positioned to face each other. A plurality of charging unit for converting the alternating voltage generated by the self-powered generator to a direct current voltage; A switch unit for providing a DC voltage supplied from the charging unit to the battery unit by the control signal; And a battery unit including a main battery and a plurality of auxiliary batteries corresponding to each of the charging units, which charges or discharges the electrical energy provided from the switch unit to the control unit. To provide. It also provides a driving method thereof.

Therefore, power generation efficiency and charging efficiency can be improved, and battery life can be increased.

Electric Vehicle, Battery, Charging, Magnet, Coil, Self-Generation

Description

Self-powered apparatus and electric vehicle having same and driving method thereof

The present invention relates to a self-generating device, an electric vehicle having the same, and a driving method thereof, and more particularly, a self-generating device generating electricity using electric energy induced by a rotational motion of a magnet and a coil, and an electric vehicle having the same. And a driving method thereof.

A general electric vehicle is a method of driving a vehicle by electric energy from a battery instead of a mechanical energy by a conventional engine, and can be broadly divided into a battery electric vehicle using only battery power and a hybrid electric vehicle using two or more power sources.

In particular, the hybrid electric vehicle is a method using both the engine and the battery as a power source in order to supplement the battery life, which is a disadvantage of the battery electric vehicle, such a hybrid electric vehicle has a series method and a parallel method according to the driving method.

First, the series system is a method of driving a vehicle with a battery, and converting mechanical energy output from an engine into electrical energy through a generator, if necessary, and driving the vehicle with the electrical energy.

On the other hand, the parallel method is a method in which the vehicle can be moved by battery power, and the vehicle can be driven only by the engine. In such a parallel method, the engine and the motor can simultaneously drive the vehicle according to the driving conditions, and the front wheel is located in the engine and the rear wheel is located in the motor so that each power source can drive the front wheel and the rear wheel.

However, such hybrid electric vehicles also have limitations in terms of battery life and electric energy efficiency, which are disadvantages of conventional electric vehicles.

In order to overcome this problem, an electric vehicle having a self-generator which generates electric energy by using a rotational force of a wheel according to the driving of a vehicle has been proposed, but such a conventional self-powered electric vehicle is developed by simply rotating a coil disc on a magnet disc. Therefore, power generation efficiency is lowered, and there is a problem in that charging efficiency is lowered due to nonuniform DC voltage even in a circuit part in which electric energy is charged.

Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, a self-powered device that rotates by dividing a plurality of magnets and coils corresponding to each other and the electric energy generated by the self-powered device to a uniform DC voltage The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-powered apparatus and an electric vehicle having the same, and a method of driving the same, each of which is converted into a main battery and a secondary battery.

The object of the present invention is a first metal plate that rotates by the rotation means of the vehicle;

A plurality of magnets provided in a divided form on the first metal plate;

A second metal plate positioned at a predetermined interval on the first metal plate and fixed to the vehicle; And

And a plurality of coils provided under the second metal plate and insulated from the plurality of magnets and positioned to face each other.

In addition, the control unit for controlling the electrical energy is supplied to the drive unit, and provides a control signal for controlling the switch unit;

A driving unit converting electrical energy provided by the control unit into rotational force;

A plurality of rotating means for driving the vehicle with the rotational force;

The first metal plate to be rotated by the rotation means of the vehicle, a plurality of magnets provided in a divided form on the first metal plate, the second metal plate is positioned at a predetermined interval on the first metal plate, but fixed to the vehicle ; And a plurality of coils provided under the second metal plate, the plurality of coils being insulated from the plurality of magnets and positioned to face each other.

A plurality of charging unit for converting the alternating voltage generated by the self-powered generator to a direct current voltage;

A switch unit for providing a direct current voltage supplied from the charging unit to the battery unit by the control signal; And

An electric vehicle having a self-powered device, comprising: a battery unit including a main battery and a plurality of auxiliary batteries corresponding to each of the charging units, charging or discharging electric energy provided from the switch unit to the controller. It is also achieved by

In addition, a first step of generating a rotational force by driving the vehicle with the electric energy of the main battery;

A second step of rotating the rotating means by the rotational force to produce electric energy while the vehicle is traveling;

A third step of charging the electrical energy to the auxiliary battery;

And a fourth step of driving the vehicle with the auxiliary battery and charging the main battery with the electric energy when the charging of the auxiliary battery is completed. It is also achieved by

Therefore, the self-generating device of the present invention, an electric vehicle having the same, and a driving method thereof may improve power generation efficiency and charging efficiency, and may increase battery life.

Details of the above object, technical configuration and effects according to the present invention will be more clearly understood by the following detailed description with reference to the drawings showing preferred embodiments of the present invention.

In addition, in the following embodiments will be described with reference to the electric vehicle having a self-powered device for the convenience of description, but the self-powered device of the present invention is not limited to the vehicle, it can be driven by the rotating means It can be widely applied to the vehicle field.

<Example 1>

In the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the battery electric vehicle having four wheels as an example.

1 is a configuration diagram of an electric vehicle including a self power generator 40 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2A is a perspective view of a self-generating device 40 according to the present invention.

FIG. 2B is an exploded view of the coil 44 of FIG. 2A.

Figure 2c is a coupling diagram of the self-generating device 40 and the rotation means 30 according to the present invention.

2D is a partial perspective view of the electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

First, referring to FIG. 1, an electric vehicle having a self-powered device 40 according to the present invention includes a control unit 10, a drive unit 20, a rotation means 30, a self-powered device 40, and a charging unit 50. ), A switch unit 60, and a battery unit 70 is configured.

The control unit 10 is a control device for generating a control signal according to the state of the vehicle and controlling the switch unit 60 by the control signal to drive the vehicle with the electric energy provided from the battery unit 70.

In more detail, when the vehicle starts and runs, the driving unit 20 is driven by using the electric energy provided from the main battery 71 among the battery units 70 including the main battery 71 and the auxiliary battery 72. The secondary battery 72 is charged with the self-power generator 40.

On the other hand, when the charge amount of the main battery 71 is consumed below the reference amount, instead of the main battery 71 to provide the electric energy of the auxiliary battery 72 to drive the vehicle and the main battery 71 is a self-generating device 40 ) To control the charging process, which will be understood by the following detailed description with reference to FIG.

Next, the driving unit 20 is a device for generating a rotational force (power) to drive the vehicle, such as a motor by receiving electrical energy from the control unit 10. At this time, the motor is a power device for generating a rotational force which is mechanical energy by the electric energy.

Next, the rotating means 30 is a device that is rotated by receiving the rotational force provided by the drive shaft 20 by the rotary shaft, the wheel 31 and the tire including the tire 32 is generally used in a vehicle Yes. The rotation means 30 is provided at the front and rear of the vehicle to become a moving means for substantially driving the vehicle.

Next, the self-power generation device 40 is a power generation device which is provided for each rotation means 30 is induced by the rotational force of the rotation means 30 to generate electrical energy.

2A to 2D, the self-generating device 40 is divided into a first metal plate 41 and a first metal plate 41 fixed to the rotating means 30 of the vehicle to rotate. A plurality of magnets 42, a second metal plate 43 positioned at a predetermined interval on the first metal plate 41, and a lower portion of the second metal plate 43 and provided with the magnet 42. Is insulated but configured to include a plurality of coils 44 facing each other at positions corresponding to each other.

The first metal plate 41 and the second metal plate 43 are circular, and the plurality of magnets 42 and the coils 44 have the same spacing in a fan shape, and the first metal plate 41 and the second metal plate ( 43 respectively.

In more detail, the rotating means 30 may be composed of a wheel 31 and a tire 32, and the first metal plate 41 is fixed inside the wheel 31.

The first metal plate 41 and the second metal plate 43 has a circular shape, and an opening is formed in the center thereof so that the rotation shaft 34 for transmitting the rotational force provided from the driving unit 20 penetrates. At this time, the second metal plate 43 is fixed by the body of the vehicle, the first metal plate 41 is rotated together with the rotating means 30 by the rotating shaft 34.

As such, when the first metal plate 41 is rotated by the rotating means 30, the magnet 42 is also rotated to cause a change in the magnetic field in the coil 44 positioned at a predetermined interval. As a result, induction currents caused by induced electromotive force flow through both ends of the coil 44. The self-generator 40 uses this principle, and the current generated is an alternating current whose intensity and direction are periodically changed.

In this case, the induced electromotive force satisfies Equation 1 below.

<Equation 1>

은 유도 기전력, 상기 N은 코일의 감은 수이고, 상기

은 t초 동안 코일을 관통하는 자속의 변화량을 의미하며, 상기 (-) 부호는 유도전류가 코일을 관통하는 자속 변화의 반대방향으로 흐른다는 렌츠의 법칙을 의미한다. remind

Is the induced electromotive force, N is the number of turns of the coil,

Denotes the amount of change in the magnetic flux through the coil for t seconds, and the minus sign (-) indicates Lenz's law that the induced current flows in the opposite direction to the change in the magnetic flux through the coil.

는 자기장의 세기와 면적의 곱을 나타내는데, 본 발명에서는 각속도에 따라 상기 면적이 변화하게 된다. At this time,

Represents the product of the strength and the area of the magnetic field. In the present invention, the area changes according to the angular velocity.

This, the angular velocity satisfies the following equation (2).

<Equation 2>

 The v is the speed of the car, the r corresponds to the radius of the first metal plate 41 or the second metal plate 43. In an embodiment of the present invention, the coil 44 and the magnets 42 may be divided into ten and formed in a fan shape such that their sizes and intervals are the same.

In addition, each coil 44 has a structure in which a plurality of coil wires 44a are wound around an iron core 44b to increase the N value, thereby improving power generation efficiency according to the induced electromotive force.

In addition, the cover 44c formed of an insulator is further provided on the outside of the coil 44 to reduce voltage loss due to interference with other coils 44 adjacent to each other. It is possible to obtain a protective film effect that can prevent the physical damage of the coil 44 due to foreign matter, such as soil or stone, and chemical reaction from moisture that may be introduced depending on rain or snowy weather conditions.

3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the self-power generation device 40 according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, a plurality of coils 44 are provided in the second metal plate 43 so as to be electrically connected in series, and inductor power is induced for each coil 44 arranged in each section, and in a situation in which the wheels rotate. All the magnets 42 and the coils 44 are in an equal state. Therefore, the induced electromotive force derived from one coil 44 and the magnet 42 may be calculated and then multiplied by the number of the magnet 42 and the coil 44. In the drawing, 10 is shown, so multiply by 10.

In the drawing, the magnets 22 and the coils 24 are divided into ten, but the magnets 22 and the coils 24 may be divided into ten or more.

Next, the charging unit 50 is a circuit for charging the electrical energy to the battery unit 70, Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of the charging unit 50 according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the charging unit 50 includes a transformer 51, a rectifier circuit 52, and a smoothing circuit 53. First, an AC voltage provided from the self-generating device 40 is converted into a transformer 51. The voltage magnitude is controlled through the circuit, and the rectifier circuit 52 allows the AC voltage to flow in only one direction to make the rectified voltage. In addition, the smoothing circuit 53 is a regulator that removes the ripple included in the output rectified voltage of the rectifying circuit 52 to convert to a stable direct current.

At this time, the transformer 51 may adjust the amount of power generation by adjusting the winding ratio, the rectifier circuit 52 may be a full-wave rectification circuit using a bridge circuit as shown in the figure, the smoothing circuit 53 is R, C It is available.

5A is an output waveform of a rectifier circuit applied from one or multiple coils.

Referring to FIG. 5A, when an AC voltage waveform before entering the charging unit 50 induces induced electromotive force with one coil 44 to one magnet 42, a diode rectifying circuit having a bridge shape as shown in FIG. 52), the negative induced electromotive force is changed to a positive value, and a full-wave rectified voltage is output. On the other hand, FIG. 5A (b) shows a phenomenon in which a single phase increases when a plurality of magnets 42 are attached to one coil 44. This is to eliminate ripple by increasing the number of single phases, and it is desirable to increase the magnitude of the maximum voltage by increasing the number of magnets 42 and the number of coils 44 equal to the number in order to amplify the voltage.

5B is an output waveform of a charging unit applied from a plurality of coils 44.

Referring to FIG. 5B, the output portion of the charging unit 50 further including the smoothing circuit 53 including R and C in the rectifier circuit 52 is a self-powered device 40 having a magnet 42. One case is induced electromotive force by one coil 44, (b) is the output waveform when the self-generating device 40 is composed of a plurality of magnets 42 and the same number of coils 44.

Accordingly, since the ripple is removed by the smoothing circuit 53 to obtain a more stable direct current, the charging efficiency may be improved when the battery unit 70 is charged.

Next, the switch unit 60 includes a plurality of switches (not shown) for controlling the path of the DC voltage supplied from the charging unit 50, so that the switch (not shown) when charging the auxiliary battery 72 H) can be charged to the auxiliary battery 72 to charge the DC voltage. In addition, when the main battery 71 is charged, the switch may be charged by closing the main battery 71 with the path, wherein the switch path is controlled by a control signal applied from the controller 10. Such a more detailed driving of the switch unit 60 is supported in the following detailed description with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

6 and 7 are circuit diagrams showing the driving of the switch unit 60 according to the present invention.

6 to 7, electrical energy (induction electromotive force) generated by the self-generator 40 is converted into a stable DC voltage through the charging unit 50. Subsequently, the DC voltage is supplied to the corresponding path of the main battery 71 or the auxiliary battery 72 of the battery unit 70 by the switch unit 60. As shown in FIG. 6, the switch S / W is opened. In the main battery 71 or the auxiliary battery 72 can be driven independently to be discharged. On the other hand, in the state in which the switch S / W is closed as shown in FIG. 7, a voltage may be supplied to the main battery 71 or the auxiliary battery 72 to be charged. The charging and discharging of the battery unit 70 is determined by the switch unit 60, and the switch unit 60 is controlled by the control unit 10.

8A and 8B are equivalent diagrams of a charging circuit of the battery unit 70 according to the present invention.

First, referring to FIG. 8A, the battery unit 70 may be designed to connect four charging units 50 as shown in FIG. 4 to the battery unit 70 in series to charge the battery unit 70. The path between 50 may be controlled by the switch unit 60.

In addition, referring to FIG. 8B, the battery unit 70 may connect four charging units 50 as shown in FIG. 4 to the battery unit 70 in parallel to charge the battery unit 70. The path of may be controlled by the switch unit 60. That is, the charging unit 50 may be selectively used as necessary regardless of parallel or series.

Next, the battery unit 70 includes a main battery 71 and a plurality of auxiliary batteries 72 capable of charging the electric energy supplied from the charging unit 60.

The main battery 71 and the auxiliary battery 72 are secondary batteries capable of charging and discharging, and may use a polymer battery charged using lithium ions. Accordingly, the charged main battery 71 and the auxiliary battery 72 may drive the driving unit 30 by discharging electrical energy through the control unit 20. In this case, only one main battery 71 may be provided as shown in FIG. 1, but a plurality of main batteries 71 may be provided, such as an auxiliary battery.

9 is an equivalent diagram of a discharge circuit of the battery unit 70 according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9, the battery unit 70 discharges the main battery 71 or the auxiliary batteries 72 in a state in which four batteries are connected in parallel. The parallel discharge circuit uses a constant voltage through the controller 10. To supply.

<Example 2>

In the second embodiment of the present invention, an example of a four-wheel hybrid electric vehicle will be described based on a series method, but the present invention can also be applied to a hybrid electric vehicle of a parallel type.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, the power unit 80 is added to the electric vehicle provided with the self-powered apparatus according to the first embodiment, except that the power unit 80 has the same configuration as the first embodiment. Omit the description to avoid.

10 is a configuration diagram of an electric vehicle including the self-powered device 40 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

10, the power unit 80 is composed of an engine 81 and a generator 82, the engine 81 is gasoline (gasoline), diesel (Diesel), such as LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) It is a device that generates rotational force (power) for driving a car by converting thermal energy generated by combustion of fuel into mechanical energy.

The generator 82 is a device for converting the electrical energy of the induced electromotive force using the rotational force which is the mechanical energy provided by the engine 81. Therefore, the power unit 80 is a power supply device that can provide electrical energy to the control unit 10.

Next, the control unit 10 generates a control signal according to the state of the vehicle and controls the switch unit 60 by the control signal, the electric energy provided from the battery unit 70 or the power unit 80 It is a control device for driving a vehicle.

The electric vehicle having the self-powered device 40 according to the present invention will be more clearly understood by the following detailed description describing the driving method.

A first step of generating a rotational force by driving the vehicle with the electric energy of the main battery 71 is performed.

Subsequently, the rotating means 30 is rotated by the rotational force to produce a second step of producing electrical energy.

Subsequently, a third step of charging the electrical energy to the auxiliary battery 72 is performed.

Subsequently, by checking whether the charging of the auxiliary battery 72 is completed, a fourth step of driving the vehicle with the auxiliary battery 72 and charging the main battery 71 with the electric energy is performed.

In this case, in the fourth step, the charging amount of the main battery 71 is also checked to drive the vehicle with the auxiliary battery 72 even when it is consumed below the reference amount, and the main battery 71 is charged with the electric energy.

The detailed description with reference to the drawings is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1 is a configuration diagram of an electric vehicle including a self power generator 40 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2A is a perspective view of a self-generating device 40 according to the present invention.

FIG. 2B is an exploded view of the coil 44 of FIG. 2A.

Figure 2c is a coupling diagram of the self-generating device 40 and the rotation means 30 according to the present invention.

2D is a partial perspective view of the electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the self-power generation device 40 according to the present invention.

4 is a circuit diagram of the charging unit 50 according to the present invention.

5A is an output waveform of a rectifier circuit in one or multiple coils.

5B is an output waveform of a charging unit in a plurality of coils.

6 and 7 are circuit diagrams showing the driving of the switch unit 60 according to the present invention.

8A and 8B are equivalent diagrams of a charging circuit of the battery unit 70 according to the present invention.

9 is an equivalent diagram of a discharge circuit of the battery unit 70 according to the present invention.

10 is a configuration diagram of an electric vehicle including the self-powered device 40 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: control unit 20: drive unit

30: rotating means 40: self-powered device

41: first metal plate 42: magnet

43: second metal plate 44: coil

50: charging part 51: transformer

52: rectification circuit 53: smoothing circuit

60: switch portion 70: battery portion 71: main battery 72: auxiliary battery

80: power unit

Claims (13)

A first metal plate fixed in a shape accommodated in a rotating means including a wheel of a vehicle or a tire of the vehicle and rotating according to a rotational movement of the rotating means; A plurality of magnets provided in a divided form on the first metal plate; A second metal plate positioned at a predetermined interval on the first metal plate and fixed to the vehicle; And And a plurality of coils disposed below the second metal plate and insulated from the plurality of magnets and positioned to face each other. The first metal plate and the second metal plate is circular, the opening is formed in the center portion of the self-generating device, characterized in that the rotating shaft for transmitting the rotational force provided by the drive unit for generating a rotational force for driving the vehicle. The method of claim 1, Self-generating device, characterized in that the cover is formed on the outside of each coil is formed of an insulator. The method of claim 1, Self-generating device, characterized in that the coil is electrically connected in series. The method of claim 1, The magnet and the coil is a self-powered device characterized in that the fan shape. In a self-powered vehicle that runs using electric energy, A control unit for controlling the electric energy for driving the vehicle, supplying it to the driving unit, and providing a control signal for controlling the switch unit; A driving unit converting electrical energy provided by the controller into rotational force for driving of the vehicle; A plurality of rotating means for driving the vehicle with the rotational force; A first metal plate fixed in a shape accommodated in the rotating means and rotating by the rotating means of the vehicle, a plurality of magnets provided in a divided form on the first metal plate, and a predetermined interval on the first metal plate A second metal plate positioned to have a fixed position with the vehicle; And a plurality of coils provided under the second metal plate, the plurality of coils being insulated from the plurality of magnets and positioned to face each other. A plurality of charging unit for converting the alternating voltage generated by the self-powered generator to a direct current voltage; A switch unit for providing a DC voltage supplied from the charging unit to the battery unit by the control signal; And And a battery unit including one or more main batteries and a plurality of auxiliary batteries corresponding to each of the charging units to charge or discharge the electrical energy provided from the switch unit to the controller. The charging unit, A transformer for adjusting the voltage magnitude, a rectifying circuit for converting an AC voltage into a rectified voltage, and a smoothing circuit for removing a ripple from the rectified voltage to obtain a DC voltage, The switch unit, An electric vehicle having a self-generating device, characterized in that for charging the auxiliary battery or the main battery to one of the charging unit, or by connecting a plurality of the charging unit in series or in parallel. delete delete The method of claim 5, The electric vehicle having a self-powered device characterized in that the cover is formed of an insulator on the outside of each coil. The method of claim 5, The coil is an electric vehicle having a self-powered device, characterized in that electrically connected in series. The method of claim 5, The magnet and the coil is an electric vehicle having a self-powered device characterized in that the fan-shaped. delete A first step of generating a rotational force by driving the vehicle with the electric energy of the main battery; The coil rotates by the rotational force and the vehicle travels, and at the same time, the coil is positioned at a predetermined interval through the rotation by the rotation means of the first metal plate having a magnet housed and fixed in the rotation means of the vehicle. A second step of producing electrical energy by induced current by induced electromotive force at both ends of the coil 44 by causing a change in the magnetic field; A third step of charging the electrical energy to the auxiliary battery through a charging unit and a switch unit having a transformer 51, a rectifying circuit 52, and a smoothing circuit 53; And a fourth step of driving the vehicle with the auxiliary battery and charging the main battery with the electric energy when the charging of the auxiliary battery is completed. . The method of claim 12, In the fourth step, when the charging amount of the main battery is less than the reference amount, the vehicle is driven by the auxiliary battery, and the electric energy is driven by the electric vehicle. .

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