KR100950402B1 - Heat pump system for electric-car - Google Patents

Heat pump system for electric-car Download PDF

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KR100950402B1
KR100950402B1 KR1020030034625A KR20030034625A KR100950402B1 KR 100950402 B1 KR100950402 B1 KR 100950402B1 KR 1020030034625 A KR1020030034625 A KR 1020030034625A KR 20030034625 A KR20030034625 A KR 20030034625A KR 100950402 B1 KR100950402 B1 KR 100950402B1
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South Korea
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heat exchanger
refrigerant
electric compressor
side heat
electric
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KR1020030034625A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20040103596A (en
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이재훈
한규익
서정훈
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한라공조주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00421—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning
    • B60H1/00428—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00907—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant changes and an evaporator becomes condenser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3222—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the compressor driving arrangements, e.g. clutches, transmissions or multiple drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00507—Details, e.g. mounting arrangements, desaeration devices
    • B60H2001/006—Noise reduction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00935—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising four way valves for controlling the fluid direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3286—Constructional features
    • B60H2001/3292—Compressor drive is electric only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses

Abstract

본 발명은 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템에 관한 것으로서, 냉매를 압축하여 토출하는 전동 압축기(10)와; 상기 전동 압축기(10)에 전원을 공급하기 위한 배터리(B)와; 상기 전동 압축기(10)와 배터리(B) 사이에 설치되는 인버터(20)와; 실내측 열교환기(30)와; 실외측 열교환기(40)와; 상기 전동 압축기(10)의 토출측에 연결되고, 상기 실내측 열교환기(30) 및 실외측 열교환기(40)에 각각 연결되어 유로를 선택적으로 전환하는 사방밸브(50)와; 상기 실내측 열교환기(30) 및 실외측 열교환기(40)의 사이에 설치되는 팽창밸브(60)와; 그리고 상기 실내측 열교환기(30) 또는 실외측 열교환기(40)를 통과한 냉매가 기화될 수 있도록 사방밸브(50)의 토출측과 인버터(20) 사이에 제1 냉매 순환관(70)이 연결되고, 상기 인버터(20)와 상기 전동 압축기(10) 사이에 제2 냉매 순환관(80)이 연결되어 이루어진다. 이에 의하여, 냉매가 전동 압축기에 유입되기 이전에 인버터를 통과하여 냉매에 포함된 수분이 인버터에서 발열되는 열에 의해 증발하여 전동 압축기에는 액상 냉매가 유입되지 않는다. The present invention relates to a heat pump system for an electric vehicle, comprising: an electric compressor (10) for compressing and discharging a refrigerant; A battery (B) for supplying power to the electric compressor (10); An inverter 20 installed between the electric compressor 10 and the battery B; An indoor side heat exchanger (30); An outdoor side heat exchanger (40); A four-way valve 50 connected to the discharge side of the electric compressor 10 and connected to the indoor side heat exchanger 30 and the outdoor side heat exchanger 40 to selectively switch the flow path; An expansion valve (60) installed between the indoor side heat exchanger (30) and the outdoor side heat exchanger (40); The first refrigerant circulation pipe 70 is connected between the discharge side of the four-way valve 50 and the inverter 20 so that the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger 30 or the outdoor heat exchanger 40 is vaporized. The second refrigerant circulation pipe 80 is connected between the inverter 20 and the electric compressor 10. Accordingly, before the refrigerant flows into the motor-compressor, the moisture contained in the refrigerant evaporates by the heat generated by the inverter, so that the liquid-phase refrigerant does not flow into the motor-compressor.

전기자동차, 히트펌프, 난방시스템, 인버터, 전동 압축기, 액압축Electric Vehicles, Heat Pumps, Heating Systems, Inverters, Electric Compressors, Liquid Compression

Description

전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템{HEAT PUMP SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC-CAR}Heat Pump System for Electric Vehicles {HEAT PUMP SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC-CAR}

도 1은 종래 기술에 따른 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템의 구성도.1 is a block diagram of a heat pump system for an electric vehicle according to the prior art.

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 전기자동차용 히터펌프 시스템의 구성도.Figure 2 is a block diagram of a heater pump system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention.

< 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 >Description of the Related Art

10 : 전동 압축기, 20 : 인버터10: electric compressor, 20: inverter

30 : 실내측 열교환기, 40 : 실외측 열교환기30: indoor side heat exchanger, 40: outdoor side heat exchanger

50 : 사방밸브, 60 : 팽창밸브50: four-way valve, 60: expansion valve

70: 제1 냉매 순환관 80 : 제2 냉매 순환관70: first refrigerant circulation tube 80: second refrigerant circulation tube

본 발명은 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 전동 압축기에 액상냉매가 유입되지 않도록 하여 액압축에 따른 소음을 없애고, 전동 압축기의 손상을 막을 수 있도록 한 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a heat pump system for an electric vehicle, and more particularly, a heat pump system for an electric vehicle that prevents liquid refrigerant from flowing into an electric compressor to eliminate noise due to liquid compression and prevent damage to the electric compressor. It is about.

일반적인 자동차용 공기조화장치는 자동차의 실내를 냉방하기 위한 냉방시스 템과 자동차의 실내를 난방하기 위한 난방시스템을 포함한다. 냉방시스템은 압축기의 구동에 의하여 토출되는 열교환매체가 응축기, 리시버 드라이어, 팽창밸브 및 증발기를 거쳐 다시 압축기로 순환하는 과정에서 증발기에 의한 열교환에 의하여 자동차의 실내를 냉방하도록 구성되며, 한편 난방시스템은 냉각수를 히터로 유입하여 열교환시킴으로써 실내를 난방하도록 구성된다.Common automotive air conditioners include a cooling system for cooling the interior of a vehicle and a heating system for heating the interior of the vehicle. The cooling system is configured to cool the interior of a vehicle by heat exchange by an evaporator while the heat exchange medium discharged by the operation of the compressor is circulated back to the compressor via a condenser, a receiver drier, an expansion valve, and an evaporator. The coolant is configured to heat the room by introducing heat into the heater and exchanging heat.

한편, 전기자동차, 하이브리드 자동차용 공조장치는 일반적인 자동차에서와 같은 냉각수를 이용하는 히터가 별도로 사용되지 않기 때문에 그 구성이 상기한 바와 같은 일반적인 자동차의 공기조화장치와는 다르다. On the other hand, the air conditioner for an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle is different from the air conditioner of a general vehicle as described above, because a heater using a coolant as in a general vehicle is not used separately.

전기자동차에 적용되는 공기조화장치인 히트펌프 시스템은 그 기본원리는 다음과 같다.The basic principle of the heat pump system, which is an air conditioner applied to an electric vehicle, is as follows.

여름에는 전동 압축기로부터 압축된 고온 고압의 기상냉매가 실외측 열교환기(응축기)를 통하여 응축된 후 팽창밸브를 거쳐 실내측 열교환기(증발기)에서의 증발을 통하여 실내의 온도 및 습도를 낮추는 일반적인 원리와 동일하지만, 겨울에는 고온 고압의 기상냉매를 히터 매체로 이용한다는 특징을 가지고 있다. 즉, 겨울철에는 전동 압축기에 의한 냉매의 흐름을 역으로 하여 실내측 열교환기 및 실외측 열교환기의 기능이 여름철과 반대로 수행됨으로써 차 실내를 난방하는 것이다. In summer, the high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant compressed from the electric compressor is condensed through the outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) and then lowered the indoor temperature and humidity by evaporation from the indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) through the expansion valve. Although the same as, but in the winter has a feature of using a high-temperature, high-pressure gas phase refrigerant as a heater medium. That is, in winter, the interior of the heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger are reversed in the summer to reverse the flow of the refrigerant by the electric compressor, thereby heating the vehicle interior.

종래 기술에 따른 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템은, 도 1에서 보이는 바와 같이, 배터리(B)와, 배터리(B)의 전원으로 구동모터에 의해 구동되는 전동 압축기(1)와, 배터리(B)와 전동 압축기(1) 사이에 연결되는 인버터(2)와, 실내측 열교환기(3)와, 실외측 열교환기(4)와, 전동 압축기(1)의 토출측과 실내측 및 실외측 열교환기(3)(4)에 각각 연결되어 유로를 선택적으로 전환하는 사방밸브(5)와, 실내측 및 실외측 열교환기(3)(4)의 사이에 설치되는 팽창밸브(6)로 구성된다.As shown in FIG. 1, a heat pump system for an electric vehicle according to the prior art includes a battery (B), an electric compressor (1) driven by a drive motor with a power source of the battery (B), and a battery (B); An inverter 2 connected between the motor-compressor 1, an indoor-side heat exchanger 3, an outdoor-side heat exchanger 4, a discharge side of the motor-compressor 1, and an indoor and outdoor side heat exchanger 3. (4) is connected to each of the four-way valve (5) for selectively switching the flow path, and the expansion valve (6) provided between the indoor and outdoor heat exchanger (3) (4).

이와 같이 구성된 종래 기술에 따른 전기자동차의 히트펌프 시스템의 작용은 다음과 같다.The operation of the heat pump system of the electric vehicle according to the prior art configured as described above is as follows.

냉방모드일 경우에는 전동 압축기(1)에 의해 고온고압으로 압축된 냉매가 실외측 열교환기(4)로 보내진다. 냉매는 팬(4a)에 의해 실외측 열교환기(4)를 통과하는 공기와 열교환되어 고압의 액체로 응축된 후, 팽창밸브(6)를 통과하여 저압으로 되어 차내에 설치된 실내측 열교환기(증발기)(3)로 보내진다. 실내측 열교환기(증발기)(3)에 유입된 냉매는 실내측 열교환기(증발기)(3)를 거치는 동안 팬(3a)에 의해 실내측 열교환기(증발기)(3)를 통과하는 공기와 열교환되어 그 자신은 증발되면서 주위 공기를 냉각하게 된다. 실내측 열교환기(증발기)(3)를 통과하는 동안 저압의 가스 상태로 변환된 냉매는 다시 전동 압축기(1)로 보내져 전술한 싸이클을 재순환하게 된다.In the cooling mode, the refrigerant compressed by the high temperature and high pressure by the electric compressor 1 is sent to the outdoor side heat exchanger 4. The refrigerant is exchanged with the air passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 4 by the fan 4a to condense it into a high pressure liquid, and then passes through the expansion valve 6 to a low pressure. Is sent to (3). The refrigerant introduced into the indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 3 exchanges heat with air passing through the indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 3 by the fan 3a while passing through the indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 3. As it evaporates, it cools the surrounding air. The refrigerant converted into a low pressure gas state while passing through the indoor side heat exchanger (evaporator) 3 is sent back to the electric compressor 1 to recycle the aforementioned cycle.

한편, 난방모드일 경우에는 사방밸브(50)에 의해 전동 압축기(1)에서 토출되는 냉매의 흐름이 냉방 모드와 역으로 진행된다. 즉, 전동 압축기(1)에서 토출된 고온고압 냉매가 사방밸브(5)를 통해 실내측 열교환기(응축기)(3)로 보내어져 저온저압의 액체로 응축되면서 팬(3a)에 의해 송풍되는 외기와 열교환되어 외기의 온도를 상승시키게 된다. 온도가 상승된 외기는 차내로 송풍되고, 냉매는 팽창밸브(6)를 통과하면서 저온저압의 액체로 된 후, 실외측 열교환기(증발기)(4)를 지나면서 팬(4a)에 의해 송풍되는 차가운 외기에서 열을 흡수하여 기체로 된 다음 다시 전동 압축기(1)로 보내지게 된다.On the other hand, in the heating mode, the flow of the refrigerant discharged from the motor-driven compressor 1 by the four-way valve 50 proceeds in reverse with the cooling mode. That is, the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 1 is sent to the indoor heat exchanger (condenser) 3 through the four-way valve 5 and condensed into liquid of low temperature and low pressure, and blown by the fan 3a. Heat exchange with to increase the temperature of the outside air. After the temperature rises, the outside air is blown into the vehicle, and the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature low-pressure liquid while passing through the expansion valve 6. Heat is absorbed from the cold outside air into gas and then sent back to the motor-compressor (1).

그러나, 종래 기술에 따른 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템은 다음과 같은 문제점이 있다.However, the heat pump system for an electric vehicle according to the prior art has the following problems.

실내측 열교환기(3) 및 실외측 열교환기(4)를 통과한 후 전동 압축기(1)로 귀환되는 냉매 중 일부가 실내측/실외측 열교환기(3)를 통과하는 중에 미처 기화되지 못하고 액상으로 존재할 수 있으며, 액상 냉매가 전동 압축기(1)에 유입되면 전동 압축기(1)는 기상 냉매와 액상 냉매를 함께 압축하게 되는데, 액상 냉매는 비압축성이므로 초기 압축시 소음이 발생됨과 아울러, 과도한 힘이 작용되어 히트펌프 시스템이 불안정해지는 단점이 있다.Some of the refrigerant returned to the motor-driven compressor 1 after passing through the indoor heat exchanger 3 and the outdoor heat exchanger 4 does not vaporize while passing through the indoor / outdoor heat exchanger 3. When the liquid refrigerant is introduced into the electric compressor 1, the electric compressor 1 compresses the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant together. Since the liquid refrigerant is incompressible, noise is generated during initial compression, and excessive force is generated. There is a disadvantage that the heat pump system becomes unstable by the operation.

이러한 단점을 해결하기 위해 열교환기의 출구측에서 냉매를 고온고압의 냉매와 교차시키거나, 차량의 따뜻한 냉각수와 교차시켜 냉매에 포함된 액상 냉매가 기화되도록 하고 있으나, 이러한 방법은 기화율이 높지 않기 때문에 실질적으로 큰 효과를 얻지 못하고 있다.In order to solve this drawback, the liquid refrigerant contained in the refrigerant is evaporated by crossing the refrigerant with the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant at the outlet side of the heat exchanger or by the warm cooling water of the vehicle, but this method does not have high vaporization rate. Because of this, practically no big effect.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해소하기 위한 것으로, 전동 압축기에 액상 냉매가 유입되지 않도록 하여 냉매의 압축시 액압축에 따른 소음이 발생되지 않도록 하고, 전동 압축기의 손상을 막을 수 있도록 한 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템을 제공하려는데 그 목적이 있다.
The present invention is to solve the above problems, so that the liquid refrigerant does not flow into the electric compressor to prevent noise caused by the liquid compression during the compression of the refrigerant, and to prevent damage to the electric compressor The purpose is to provide a heat pump system.

상술한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템은, 냉매를 압축하여 토출하는 전동 압축기(10)와; 상기 전동 압축기(10)에 전원을 공급하기 위한 배터리(B)와; 상기 전동 압축기(10)와 배터리(B) 사이에 설치되는 인버터(20)와; 실내측 열교환기(30)와; 실외측 열교환기(40)와; 상기 전동 압축기(10)의 토출측에 연결되고, 상기 실내측 열교환기(30) 및 실외측 열교환기(40)에 각각 연결되어 유로를 선택적으로 전환하는 사방밸브(50)와; 상기 실내측 열교환기(30) 및 실외측 열교환기(40)의 사이에 설치되는 팽창밸브(60)와; 그리고 상기 실내측 열교환기(30) 또는 실외측 열교환기(40)를 통과한 냉매가 기화될 수 있도록 사방밸브(50)의 토출측과 인버터(20) 사이에 제1 냉매 순환관(70)이 연결되고, 상기 인버터(20)와 상기 전동 압축기(10) 사이에 제2 냉매 순환관(80)이 연결되는 것을 특징으로 한다.Electric vehicle heat pump system according to the present invention for achieving the object as described above, and the electric compressor 10 for compressing and discharging the refrigerant; A battery (B) for supplying power to the electric compressor (10); An inverter 20 installed between the electric compressor 10 and the battery B; An indoor side heat exchanger (30); An outdoor side heat exchanger (40); A four-way valve 50 connected to the discharge side of the electric compressor 10 and connected to the indoor side heat exchanger 30 and the outdoor side heat exchanger 40 to selectively switch the flow path; An expansion valve (60) installed between the indoor side heat exchanger (30) and the outdoor side heat exchanger (40); The first refrigerant circulation pipe 70 is connected between the discharge side of the four-way valve 50 and the inverter 20 so that the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger 30 or the outdoor heat exchanger 40 is vaporized. The second refrigerant circulation pipe 80 is connected between the inverter 20 and the electric compressor 10.

본 발명의 특징 및 이점들은 첨부도면에 의거한 다음의 상세한 설명으로 더욱 명백해질 것이다. 이에 앞서, 본 명세서 및 청구범위에 사용된 용어나 단어는 발명자가 그 자신의 발명을 가장 최선의 방법으로 설명하기 위해 용어의 개념을 적절하게 정의할 수 있다는 원칙에 입각하여 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 부합하는 의미와 개념으로 해석되어야만 한다.The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description based on the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, the terms or words used in the present specification and claims are defined in the technical spirit of the present invention on the basis of the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the term in order to explain his invention in the best way. It must be interpreted to mean meanings and concepts.

이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부된 도면에 의거하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 2에서 보이는 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템은, 전동 압축기(10), 인버터(20), 실내측 열교환기(30), 실외측 열교환기(40), 사방밸브(50) 및 팽창밸브(60)를 포함한다. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat pump system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention includes an electric compressor 10, an inverter 20, an indoor side heat exchanger 30, an outdoor side heat exchanger 40, and a four-way valve 50. ) And expansion valve (60).                     

전동 압축기(10)는, 냉매를 고온고압으로 압축하여 토출한다.The motor-driven compressor 10 compresses and discharges the refrigerant at high temperature and high pressure.

인버터(20)는, 전동 압축기(10)를 구동하는 구동모터(미도시)를 변속하기 위한 것이다.The inverter 20 is for shifting a drive motor (not shown) for driving the electric compressor 10.

실내측 열교환기(30)는, 냉방시에 증발기의 기능을 수행하고, 난방시에 응축기의 기능을 수행한다.The indoor side heat exchanger 30 performs the function of the evaporator at the time of cooling and the function of the condenser at the time of heating.

실외측 열교환기(40)는, 실내측 열교환기와 반대로 냉방시에 응축기의 기능을 수행하고, 난방시에 증발기의 기능을 수행한다.The outdoor side heat exchanger 40 performs the function of a condenser upon cooling as opposed to the indoor side heat exchanger and performs the function of an evaporator upon heating.

사방밸브(50)는, 전동 압축기(10)의 토출측, 실내측 열교환기(30) 또는 실외측 열교환기(40)와 각각 연결되어 전동 압축기(10)에서 토출되는 냉매가 실내측 열교환기(30) 또는 실외측 열교환기(40)에 선택적으로 흐르도록 하는 한편, 실내측 열교환기(30) 또는 실외측 열교환기(40)를 통과한 냉매가 전동 압축기(10)로 귀환되도록 안내한다. The four-way valve 50 is connected to the discharge side, the indoor side heat exchanger 30, or the outdoor side heat exchanger 40 of the electric compressor 10, respectively, and the refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 10 receives the indoor side heat exchanger 30. Or selectively flows to the outdoor heat exchanger (40), and guides the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger (30) or the outdoor heat exchanger (40) to be returned to the electric compressor (10).

팽창밸브(60)는, 실내측 열교환기(30)와 실외측 열교환기(40)의 사이에 설치되어 유입되는 냉매를 팽창시키게 된다.The expansion valve 60 is installed between the indoor side heat exchanger 30 and the outdoor side heat exchanger 40 to expand the refrigerant flowing therein.

실내측 열교환기(30) 또는 실외측 열교환기(40)를 통과한 냉매가 사방밸브(50)를 통해 전동 압축기(10)로 유입될 때 이 냉매가 인버터(20)를 통과한 후 전동 압축기(10)에 유입되도록 사방밸브(50)의 토출측과 인버터(20)는 제1 냉매 순환관(70)에 의해 연결되고, 인버터(20)와 전동 압축기(10)의 유입측은 제2 냉매 순환관(80)에 의해 연결된다.When the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger 30 or the outdoor heat exchanger 40 flows into the electric compressor 10 through the four-way valve 50, the refrigerant passes through the inverter 20 and then the electric compressor ( The discharge side of the four-way valve 50 and the inverter 20 are connected by the first refrigerant circulation pipe 70 so as to flow into the 10, and the inflow side of the inverter 20 and the electric compressor 10 is connected to the second refrigerant circulation pipe ( 80).

도면중 미설명 부호 31, 41은 팬이며, B는 전동 압축기(10) 구동용 모터에 전원을 공급하기 위한 배터리이다. In the drawings, reference numerals 31 and 41 are fans, and B is a battery for supplying power to the motor for driving the electric compressor 10.                     

이와 같이 구성된 본 발명에 따른 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템의 작용은 다음과 같다.The operation of the heat pump system for an electric vehicle according to the present invention configured as described above is as follows.

본 발명에 따른 히트펌프 시스템은 냉방모드와 난방모드로 구분되며, 먼저, 냉방모드시의 작용을 설명한다.Heat pump system according to the present invention is divided into a cooling mode and a heating mode, first, the operation of the cooling mode will be described.

냉방모드시에는 전동 압축기(10)에서 고온고압으로 압축된 냉매가 사방밸브(50)를 통해 실외측 열교환기(응축기)(40)로 압송된다. 압송된 냉매는 실외측 열교환기(40)를 거치면서 팬(41)에 의해 실외측 열교환기(40)를 통과하는 공기와 열교환되어 그 자신은 응축되어 그 다음의 팽창밸브(60)로 흐르게 된다.In the cooling mode, the refrigerant compressed by the high temperature and high pressure in the electric compressor 10 is pumped to the outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) 40 through the four-way valve 50. The compressed refrigerant is heat-exchanged with the air passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 40 by the fan 41 while passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 40, and condenses itself to flow to the next expansion valve 60. .

냉매는 팽창밸브(60)를 통과하면서 팽창되어 실내측 열교환기(증발기)(30)에 유입되고, 실내측 열교환기(증발기)(30)를 통과하는 공기와 열교환되어 자신은 증발되면서 공기를 냉각한다. 실내측 열교환기(증발기)(30)를 통과하면서 냉각된 공기는 팬(31)에 의해 차 실내에 공급되어 차 실내를 냉방하게 된다.The refrigerant expands while passing through the expansion valve 60 and enters the indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 30, and heat exchanges with the air passing through the indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 30 to cool the air as it evaporates itself. do. The air cooled while passing through the indoor side heat exchanger (evaporator) 30 is supplied to the vehicle interior by the fan 31 to cool the vehicle interior.

실내측 열교환기(증발기)(30)를 거친 냉매는 사방밸브(50)를 통해 제 1 냉매 순환관(70)을 따라 인버터(20)에 유입되어 인버터(20)를 경유하게 되며, 이때, 실내측 열교환기(증발기)(30)를 통과하는 중에 미처 기화되지 못한 액상 냉매가 인버터(20) 자체에서 발열되는 열에 의해 증발된다. The refrigerant passing through the indoor side heat exchanger (evaporator) 30 flows into the inverter 20 along the first refrigerant circulation pipe 70 through the four-way valve 50 and passes through the inverter 20. While passing through the side heat exchanger (evaporator) 30, the liquid refrigerant that has not been vaporized is evaporated by the heat generated by the inverter 20 itself.

인버터(20)를 통과한 순수한 기상 냉매는 제 2 냉매 순환관(80)을 통해 전동 압축기(10)에 귀환된다.The pure gaseous refrigerant passing through the inverter 20 is returned to the electric compressor 10 through the second refrigerant circulation pipe 80.

전동 압축기(10)에 귀환된 냉매는 전술한 싸이클을 반복해서 순환하게 된다.The refrigerant returned to the motor-compressor 10 repeatedly circulates the cycle described above.

이하, 난방모드시의 작용을 설명한다. The operation in the heating mode will be described below.                     

난방모드가 선택되면 냉매가 전동 압축기(10)에서 고온고압으로 압축되며, 이때, 사방밸브(50)에 의해 전동 압축기(10)에서 토출되는 냉매가 냉방시와 역으로 흐르게 된다.When the heating mode is selected, the refrigerant is compressed at a high temperature and high pressure in the motor compressor 10, and at this time, the refrigerant discharged from the motor compressor 10 by the four-way valve 50 flows in reverse with the time of cooling.

전동 압축기(10)에서 토출된 냉매는 사방밸브(50)를 거쳐 실내측 열교환기(응축기)(30)를 통과하게 된다. 냉매는 실내측 열교환기(응축기)(30)를 통과하면서 팬(31)에 의해 실내측 열교환기(응축기)(30)를 통과하는 공기와 열교환하여 그 자신은 응축되고 공기의 온도를 높이게 된다. 온도가 상승된 공기는 팬(31)의 송풍력에 의해 차 실내에 공급되어 차 실내를 난방하게 된다.The refrigerant discharged from the electric compressor 10 passes through the indoor side heat exchanger (condenser) 30 via the four-way valve 50. The refrigerant exchanges heat with the air passing through the indoor heat exchanger (condenser) 30 by the fan 31 while passing through the indoor heat exchanger (condenser) 30 to condense itself and raise the temperature of the air. The air whose temperature is raised is supplied to the vehicle interior by the blowing force of the fan 31 to heat the vehicle interior.

실내측 열교환기(응축기)(30)를 거친 냉매는 팽창밸브(60)를 통해 팽창되어 실외측 열교환기(증발기)(40)를 통과하게 된다. 실외측 열교환기(증발기)(40)를 통과하는 냉매는 팬(41)에 의해 실외측 열교환기(증발기)(40)를 통과하는 공기와 열교환하여 그 자신은 증발되면서 공기를 냉각한다.The refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger (condenser) 30 is expanded through the expansion valve 60 to pass through the outdoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 40. The refrigerant passing through the outdoor side heat exchanger (evaporator) 40 exchanges heat with the air passing through the outdoor side heat exchanger (evaporator) 40 by the fan 41 to cool the air while evaporating itself.

실외측 열교환기(증발기)(40)를 통과한 냉매는 사방밸브(50)를 통해 제 1 냉매 순환관(70)을 따라 인버터(20)를 경유하게 되며, 이때, 실외측 열교환기(증발기)(40)를 통과하는 중에 미처 기화되지 못한 액상 냉매는 인버터(20) 자체에서 발열되는 열에 의해 증발된다.The refrigerant passing through the outdoor side heat exchanger (evaporator) 40 passes through the inverter 20 along the first refrigerant circulation pipe 70 through the four-way valve 50, and at this time, the outdoor side heat exchanger (evaporator) The liquid refrigerant that has not been vaporized while passing through 40 is evaporated by the heat generated by the inverter 20 itself.

이어서, 인버터(20)를 경유하면서 기화된 기상냉매가 제 2 냉매 순환관(80)을 통해 전동 압축기(10)에 귀환된다. Subsequently, the vaporized refrigerant vaporized while passing through the inverter 20 is returned to the electric compressor 10 through the second refrigerant circulation pipe 80.

따라서, 냉/난방모드시 실내측/실외측 열교환기(30)(40)를 거쳐 전동 압축기(10)로 보내지는 냉매가 인버터(20)를 통과한 후 전동 압축기(10)에 유입되 는데, 인버터(20)를 통과하는 과정에서 인버터(20) 자체에서 발생되는 고온의 열에 의해 열교환기(30)(40)를 통해 기화되지 못한 액상 냉매가 증발되므로 종래와 같이 전동 압축기에 액상 냉매가 유입되지 않는다.
Therefore, in the cooling / heating mode, the refrigerant sent to the electric compressor 10 through the indoor / outdoor heat exchanger 30 and 40 passes through the inverter 20 and then flows into the electric compressor 10. In the process of passing through the inverter 20, since the liquid refrigerant that is not vaporized through the heat exchanger 30, 40 is evaporated by the high temperature heat generated by the inverter 20 itself, the liquid refrigerant does not flow into the electric compressor as in the prior art. Do not.

이상에서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템에 의하면, 열교환기를 거치는 과정에서 기화되지 않은 액상 냉매가 전동 압축기에 유입되기 이전에 인버터를 통과하면서 증발되어 전동 압축기에 액상 냉매가 유입되지 않으므로 전동 압축기는 기상의 냉매만을 압축하게 되며, 결과적으로 전동 압축기의 가동시 액상 냉매의 액압축에 따른 소음이 발생되지 않고, 전동 압축기 손상도 방지된다.As described above, according to the heat pump system for an electric vehicle of the present invention, the liquid refrigerant that is not vaporized in the process of passing through the heat exchanger is evaporated while passing through the inverter before being introduced into the electric compressor, so that the liquid refrigerant does not flow into the electric compressor. Therefore, the electric compressor compresses only the refrigerant in the gaseous phase, and as a result, noise caused by the liquid compression of the liquid refrigerant is not generated when the electric compressor is operated, and damage to the electric compressor is also prevented.

이상, 본 발명을 본 발명의 원리를 예시하기 위한 바람직한 실시예와 관련하여 설명하고 도시하였지만, 본 발명은 그와 같이 도시되고 설명된 그대로의 구성 및 작용으로 한정되는 것이 아니다. 오히려, 첨부된 특허청구범위의 사상 및 범주를 일탈함이 없이 본 발명에 대한 다수의 변경 및 수정이 가능함을 당업자들은 잘 이해할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서, 그러한 모든 적절한 변경 및 수정과 균등물들도 본 발명의 범위에 속하는 것으로 간주되어야 할 것이다.While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Rather, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, all such suitable changes and modifications and equivalents should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

냉매를 압축하여 토출하는 전동 압축기(10)와;An electric compressor 10 for compressing and discharging the refrigerant; 상기 전동 압축기(10)에 전원을 공급하기 위한 배터리(B)와;A battery (B) for supplying power to the electric compressor (10); 상기 전동 압축기(10)와 배터리(B) 사이에 설치되는 인버터(20)와;An inverter 20 installed between the electric compressor 10 and the battery B; 실내측 열교환기(30)와; An indoor side heat exchanger (30); 실외측 열교환기(40)와; An outdoor side heat exchanger (40); 상기 전동 압축기(10)의 토출측에 연결되고, 상기 실내측 열교환기(30) 및 실외측 열교환기(40)에 각각 연결되어 유로를 선택적으로 전환하는 사방밸브(50)와; A four-way valve 50 connected to the discharge side of the electric compressor 10 and connected to the indoor side heat exchanger 30 and the outdoor side heat exchanger 40 to selectively switch the flow path; 상기 실내측 열교환기(30) 및 실외측 열교환기(40)의 사이에 설치되는 팽창밸브(60)와; 그리고An expansion valve (60) installed between the indoor side heat exchanger (30) and the outdoor side heat exchanger (40); And 상기 실내측 열교환기(30) 또는 실외측 열교환기(40)를 통과한 냉매가 기화될 수 있도록 사방밸브(50)의 토출측과 인버터(20) 사이에 제1 냉매 순환관(70)이 연결되고, 상기 인버터(20)와 상기 전동 압축기(10) 사이에 제2 냉매 순환관(80)이 연결되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차용 히트펌프 시스템.The first refrigerant circulation pipe 70 is connected between the discharge side of the four-way valve 50 and the inverter 20 so that the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger 30 or the outdoor heat exchanger 40 is vaporized. , The second refrigerant circulation pipe (80) is connected between the inverter (20) and the electric compressor (10).
KR1020030034625A 2003-05-30 2003-05-30 Heat pump system for electric-car KR100950402B1 (en)

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KR101352550B1 (en) 2012-02-07 2014-01-17 (주)거나백 Heat pump system for electric vehicle
KR101443643B1 (en) 2011-06-10 2014-09-23 엘지전자 주식회사 Air conditioner for electric vehicle

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102039170B1 (en) 2017-06-20 2019-11-26 에스트라오토모티브시스템 주식회사 Heat Pump For a Vehicle

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KR960040716A (en) * 1995-05-16 1996-12-17 김태구 Air conditioner of electric vehicle
KR19980014986U (en) * 1996-09-04 1998-06-25 김영귀 Air Conditioning System for Electric Vehicles

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KR960040716A (en) * 1995-05-16 1996-12-17 김태구 Air conditioner of electric vehicle
KR19980014986U (en) * 1996-09-04 1998-06-25 김영귀 Air Conditioning System for Electric Vehicles

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101443643B1 (en) 2011-06-10 2014-09-23 엘지전자 주식회사 Air conditioner for electric vehicle
KR101352550B1 (en) 2012-02-07 2014-01-17 (주)거나백 Heat pump system for electric vehicle

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