KR100945765B1 - Method for producing leather absorbed loess red ochre and for folkpercussion - Google Patents

Abstract

The manufacturing method of the loess and limestone adsorption leather used for the Korean traditional percussion instrument according to the present invention, the soaking process soaking raw hides in water to remove dirt and soften the material; Swelling of the leather to loosen the hair roots and a hair removal process to remove residual hair; A neutralization step of neutralizing the acid or base bound to the leather; A baking process in which the leather is soaked in a neutral solution to remove unnecessary proteins other than collagen; An adsorbing step of adsorbing ocher powder and limestone powder on leather by soaking the mixture of ocher powder and limestone powder in a weight ratio of 1.5 to 2 to 1 on leather with water; Characterized by consisting of a drying step of drying the leather in the shade next to the march.

According to the manufacturing method of the loess and limestone adsorption leather used for the Korean percussion instrument according to the present invention, the optimum combination of the loess powder and the limestone powder is applied to the leather for the Korean classical percussion instruments (especially dog leather) to improve the uniformity and constant thickness of the leather surface. In addition, by securing a certain level of the weight of the leather itself by the iron oxide containing to express a clearer and deeper sound and has the effect of increasing the tensile force of the leather.

Ocher, Korean instrument, Janggu, Percussion instrument, Dog leather, Limestone, Red earth

Description

METHODS FOR PRODUCING LEATHER ABSORBED LOESS RED OCHRE AND FOR FOLKPERCUSSION}

The present invention is a manufacturing method of the adsorbed leather and loess wine used in the Korean traditional percussion instrument, more specifically, the loess and the liquor powder is applied to the leather, which is a part of the drum expressing the sound by the percussion instruments such as janggu, drums The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing ocher and limestone adsorption leather used in Korean traditional percussion instruments to improve the elasticity and elasticity, and to improve the density of leather to express a clear and transparent sound than the traditional Korean percussion instruments made of existing leather.

Traditionally, percussion instruments that express sound by hitting in Korean traditional instruments exist in various types such as Janggu, drums, knuckles, gongs, sogos, gourds, unuras. Because of this strong sound, percussion instruments such as gongs, gongs, janggu, and drums have been widely used as the main musical instrument composition of wind or samulnori.

Percussion instruments that strike the instrument using a pole, such as gongs and gongs, are made up of almost all of the instrument's and sound-expressing parts (vibrators) made of metal, which makes it light and loud. However, instruments such as Janggu and drums express sound by directly hitting the sound expression area with their hands, but sound deep and heavy, and a strong transmission force to a wide radius, because the sound expression part is mainly made of leather.

Among them, Janggu is the most important instrument among Korean traditional instruments because it is widely used in a wide range of fields such as samulnori and court music. The vibrating body of Janggu leather consists of one pair of left and right. The name bar and janggu comes from a pair of both leathers, namely, the roe deer, which are used for the right side, and the dog leather, which is used for the left side. will be.

These instruments, as well as other percussion instruments that use leather as a vibrating body, can be said that the quality of the leather guarantees the quality of the instrument and the artistry of the work, as the player produces the sound by tapping the leather.

In general, the roe deer leather used as a piece of Janggu does not have a lot of oil (fat) in the leather, so it can be said that it is not difficult to manufacture the leather for the piece.

On the other hand, dog leather, which is used for the left arch of the Janggu, is not greasy and has a lot of grease, so it removes the grease and extracts only pure leather, but the thickness of the pure leather is thin so that the proper thickness can be obtained. If the oil is removed with chemicals, the surface and inner layers of the leather will be damaged and the elasticity will be reduced. There is a need for a technique to increase the amount and thickness.

In other words, the dog leather used for archery has a lot of oil (fat) in the leather, and since it is thin, it removes proper fat from the leather that is thin enough to be used as a sound expression after removing greasy and greasy like dog skin. There is a lot of research to produce a leather thickness that is abundant enough to express deep and clear sound due to the abundance of vibration and vibration.

However, the chemical reaction of the chemicals in the modern Korean percussion instrument because it has only used a number of chemicals commonly used in the presently known leather process without the accurate testimony and verification of the method of manufacturing dog leather that has been widely used since ancient times Although it may be easier to remove the fat from the leather by the chemical reaction of the chemicals, the surface of the leather becomes rough or thin due to the chemical reaction of the chemicals. In this case, it was not enough to express a clear and clear sound with a Korean musical instrument that was recognized as a masterpiece in the past.

Ocher is an eco-friendly material and is widely used in various materials such as fabric materials such as clothing and bedding, jjimjilbang, other buildings, and cosmetics.It is a bioactive substance and is not a chemical treatment process like general chemicals. This is because there are inherent characteristics of ocher that it is human-friendly and far-infrared emission performance by containing ceramic components and fine and soft particles can exhibit good adsorption power over a certain level.

There is a technology that applied the loess to the Korean instrument, the domestic patent application No. 10-2001-00085076 'The method of manufacturing percussion cylinder adsorbed ocher' is to settle the vibration space percussion cylinder to the loess, It consists of ocher adsorption process that allows the adsorbed body to be sufficiently adsorbed, and a painting process that wipes the surface of the percussion cylinder adsorbed with ocher and then paints it on the surface to prevent the generation of high quality color of the percussion cylinder and mold or leather. It is said to have an effect.

According to the above technique, it is admitted that by adsorbing ocher to the leather part including the percussion cylinder expressing the vibration transmitted from the leather sufficiently, it is possible to express the mold of the leather or express the color of the high quality percussion cylinder. It is difficult to solve the problem that the adsorption power of the loess naturally falls after using it for a long time by soaking the ocher on the surface of the leather. In order to solve this problem, a separate coating treatment is required on the ocher. Naturally, the thickness of the leather surface is thickened, so covering the leather surface by coating material or lacquer made of artificial compounds generally not only hinders the sound expression of the leather, but also adsorbs only loess, so there is a limit to expressing more heavy and grand sound. Problem It is good.

Therefore, in order to guarantee a certain level of the thickness of the leather or increase the uniformity of the surface in the state where the thickness of the leather is not secured, the method of adsorbing ocher to the leather is used. It is necessary to introduce a leather manufacturing method of percussion instruments that can adsorb loess to leather together with a separate friendly additive.

The present invention has been made in order to overcome the problems of the above technique, by applying the loess to the leather of the Korean traditional percussion instrument to increase the thickness of the leather and ensure the smooth uniformity of the surface primarily and at the same time in a certain ratio It is a main object of the present invention to provide a method for producing leather of Korean percussion instruments, which is made to adsorb to leather in combination with ocher to ensure a deep and clear sound by increasing the density of the leather, and to further increase the adsorption degree. do.

Another object of the present invention is not only to exhibit a stable adsorption state of the loess powder and lime wine powder on the leather for a long time, but also to help to maintain the intrinsic properties of the leather and to secure a certain thickness of the leather surface using environmentally friendly materials In order to prevent the loss of the original properties of leather and loess by covering the surface of leather or loess, it is necessary to use the adhesive consisting of the resin. It is to be settled naturally between ocher and limestone.

Another object of the present invention is to soak the leather several times while alternating in water containing ocher powder and lime wine powder and water containing the resin resin to secure a certain thickness of the leather surface so that the ocher and lime wine sufficiently adsorbed on the leather surface. To ensure a certain level of leather thickness.

In order to achieve the above object, the manufacturing method of the loess and limestone adsorption leather used in the Korean traditional drum percussion according to the present invention, soaking the raw skin in water to remove dirt and soften the material; Swelling of the leather to loosen the hair roots and a hair removal process to remove residual hair; A neutralization step of neutralizing the acid or base bound to the leather; A baking process in which the leather is soaked in a neutral solution to remove unnecessary proteins other than collagen; An adsorbing step of adsorbing ocher powder and limestone powder on leather by soaking the mixture of ocher powder and limestone powder in a weight ratio of 1.5 to 2 to 1 on leather with water; Characterized by consisting of a drying step of drying the leather in the shade next to the march.

In addition, the adsorption process according to the present invention, 100g of ocher powder and 50g of limestone powder is added to 1kg of powdered resin, which is diluted with 10L of water, soaked in 5kg of leather, and the additional resin is adsorbed on leather; Characterized in that it further comprises a.

According to the manufacturing method of the loess and limestone adsorption leather used for the Korean percussion instrument according to the present invention,

1) The optimum combination of ocher powder and lime powder is applied to Korean percussion leather (especially dog leather) to ensure uniformity and thickness of the surface of the leather and to secure a certain level of weight of the leather itself by iron oxide. In addition to expressing a clear and deep sound, and has the advantage of increasing the tension of the leather,

2) Applying a mixture of natural resin powder and ocher and limestone powder to the leather as an adhesive ingredient, and applying ocher to limestone while fully embodying the natural properties of leather or loess without the problem of impairing the properties of the leather surface by coating treatment. It has the effect of increasing the adsorption power of the leather and at the same time ensuring the role of the vibrating body through securing a certain thickness of the leather.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a flow chart showing a schematic procedure for the manufacturing method of the loess and limestone adsorption leather used in the Korean traditional percussion instrument according to the present invention, with reference to Figure 1 of the loess and limestone powder that can be said to the core of the present invention The adsorption step as well as the prerequisites to be prepared beforehand will be described.

1. Basic condition of leather used in Korean traditional percussion

 The basic structural layer of rawhide consists of the epidermal and dermal layers. The epidermal layer covers only about 1% of the thickness of the entire leather. It consists mainly of a protein called keratin, which is removed with the hair before tanning. And the dermis layer, which is the center of leather products, is mainly composed of a protein called collagen, and the fibers cross each other to make elastic fiber structure.

However, in the Korean percussion instrument, the dermis part of the leather part that plays a role as a vibrating body is formed with numerous minute pores and is not uniform or uniform in its thickness, and its density is not so great that the sound becomes small and thin. Due to the lack of proper, it is necessary to secure a certain thickness and uniformity of the dermis as well as to perform a certain density increase of the leather dermis at the same time to be a necessary process for the manufacture of leather of the Korean traditional percussion instrument.

 2. Preceding Process

When performing the core process of the method for manufacturing leather of the Korean traditional percussion instrument according to the present invention will be described in the following premise.

1) Soaking process

Soak raw materials, which are the raw materials of leather of Korean traditional percussion instruments, in water to wash away salts and dirt and absorb water to soften them.

2) Immersion Process

Soak in Na ₂ S and lye, and swell the leather to loosen the hair roots.

 3) hair loss process

Grab the tannery knife by hand or scrub the hairs or the epidermal layer of the leather with a depilator.

4) Isaac 裏 削 ) / Splitting process

The back side of the leather is shaved, and the thick leather is divided into two layers to perform the screening of the leather itself.

5) neutralization process

Soak in the acid or ammonium salt solution to neutralize the chemicals associated with the leather to elute.

 6) bating process

The leather is soaked in a neutral solution and rotated to digest and eliminate unwanted proteins other than collagen.

 3. Ocher and limestone powder adsorption process

The key point of the present invention is to adsorb a proportion of loess powder and limestone powder on leather.

Particularly, in the present invention, the characteristics of dog leather in leather are intended to be passed. When tanning dog leather, bonds are formed between protein molecules to stabilize the molecular structure. Especially, animals containing as much fat in the epidermal layer of leather as dogs among animals Is also rare.

As such, the fat of the skin's epidermal layer is not constant, so there are difficulties in all processes such as dipping, hair loss, and betting. Thus, until now, the key to janggu sound is determined in the manufacturing process of dog skin, and it is important to finish everything from soaking process to beating process, and finally, efficient protein molecular structure and fat processing.

The present inventors focused on this part, and the sound of the instrument is important for the sounding (vibration) transmission process, and filling the fine powder between the protein molecular structure makes the cell tissue dense, and also a certain weight of the leather. When it is secured to play a sufficient role as a vibrating body it is possible to secure a clear and strong vibration sound.

In addition, by allowing the fine powder to absorb the fat remaining on the inner surface of the dog skin, it is possible to increase the strength of the sound and improve the thickness.

In the above description, the fine powder to be applied in the present invention is ocher powder and limestone powder.

The loess used in the present invention generally refers to a sediment composed of particles having a diameter of 0.002 to 0.005 mm, and is mainly yellow in color, and mainly contains quartz and has calcite characteristics including fluorite and hornblende. Of course, clay containing iron oxide is also called loess according to data, but this is a comprehensive and abstract description of earth and sand. In the present invention, yellow soil with low iron oxide content and high quartz content is named as ocher.

The ocher powder is adsorbed within the fine protein structure or fat structure of the leather to densify the structure of the leather to make structural stability. It can be secured at a level, which can greatly help to secure sound stability.

In addition, the lime liquor according to the present invention is also called red soil or red ochre, and has a rich particle diameter of 0.01 to 0.05 mm containing abundant red iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ · H ₂ O). It refers to abundance soil composed of light reddish brown iron oxide, silica, and clay having high porosity and high integrity.

Such lime liquor powder to be used in the present invention is preferably composed of about 80 to 95% by weight of iron oxide, and generally has a fine and uniform powder structure having a large porosity (porosity), so that the uniformity of the surface of the leather Not only is it excellent in raising the properties, but also has excellent adsorption power and iron oxide has a higher density than ordinary clay, which helps to secure a certain level of weight of the leather itself, and thus expresses a heavier and clearer sound when the leather vibrates. Give it a big character.

In addition, such a lime powder may be given a characteristic that can increase the leather adsorption power of the loess and at the same time secure the thickness of the leather at a certain level when combined with the loess at a certain ratio.

Figure 2 is an exemplary view showing the process and the adsorption state of the loess powder and limestone powder adsorbed on the leather structure.

As can be seen from Figure 2, if you enlarge the surface of the loess, it is predicted that there will be a recessed part is enough that the filling of the ocher powder and the lime powder with the appropriate and uniform surface of what (adsorption process) It will be more important.

Since the protein structure of leather has a hydrophilic colloid (suspension) structure (dispersion medium), the clay powder (dispersion) having a macromolecular structure with a particle size of 0.001 to 0.05 mm that can be regarded as a colloidal state in the indentation site having low uniformity Jill) fills this, and as the distance of the clay powder, which is dispersant, increases, the cohesive force, that is, the strength of van der Waals, may be preferable to use clay particles having excellent porosity.

However, in general, ocher powder has a particle diameter of about 0.002 to 0.005 mm, and its fineness is sufficient as particles that can exhibit cohesive force in colloids, but relatively low porosity is known.

Therefore, although the particle size is larger than that of ocher powder, the particle size is larger than that of ocher powder, but the porosity superior to the porosity of the loess itself is mixed by appropriately mixing the liquor powder with high porosity, thereby increasing the cohesion force due to van der Waals' force. And more efficient in increasing cohesion with the protein structure of the leather.

The present inventors through a long experiment, the mixing weight ratio of the ocher powder and the lime glass powder is preferably 1.5 to 2: 1 (optimum 2: 1), the powder size of the ocher powder and the lime glass powder is 1 ( It was found that the ratio of ocher powder of about 0.002 mm): 5 (approximately 0.01 mm of lime powder) was optimal for high adsorption to leather and uniformity of the surface.

In addition, it is preferable that the iron oxide content in the limestone powder is 80 to 95% in order to express a clearer and more vibrating sound through securing the weight of the leather itself.

The ocher powder and the lime powder are prepared by taking into account the fact that the protein structure of the leather is hydrophilic, and the amount of the ocher powder and the lime powder is added to a predetermined amount of water, i.e., ocher powder: lime powder = 2: 1. Adsorb sufficiently to

4. Dough Resin Mixing Process

As described above, the three objectives of securing the uniformity of the surface of the leather, securing a certain level of weight of the leather, and securing a certain level of thickness of the leather must be achieved at the same time, so that a better quality Korean percussion leather can be obtained. Although the above three objectives can be achieved to some extent by the cohesion or adsorptivity of the lime liquor itself, the problem of securing a certain thickness and securing a constant adsorption force are inversely related to each other, and thus there is a limit to achieving these two objectives simultaneously. Therefore, a separate adhesive component may be required to assist in securing thickness and securing adhesion.

However, because of this adhesive component, if the leather's original characteristics (ie, the inherent vibration characteristics due to the protein structure of the leather) can be lost, the meaning of securing the thickness of the leather can be lost. At the same time, it is necessary to have a high adsorption force, and to this end, general artificial chemical adhesives and other specific adhesive components need to be added to the ocher powder and the lime powder.

In the present invention, in order to solve this problem, a thin resin is used as an adhesive component.

Dammar resin is a kind of natural resin extracted from the bark of trees growing in Southeast Asia. It is generally opaque in dark brown color but transparent in quality. Specifically, the drip resin is solidified of Dipterocarpceae and tree secretion, and has excellent adhesion and is also used for anti-corruption or deformation prevention. In addition, since it is a natural resin, it is environmentally friendly and famous for making good use of the deformation or intrinsic properties of the applied raw materials, and thus, it has been spotlighted as a treatment agent for treating cultural property.

In the present invention, by using such a dry resin as an adhesive component, the ocher powder and the lime wine powder are adsorbed on the leather to assist in having an adhesive force, and supplement the point that there is a limit in securing a certain thickness of the leather with ocher or lime wine powder.

Example 1 Adsorption Process for Loess Powder and Limestone Powder

 The first embodiment according to the present invention is to perform the adsorption process on the leather using only ocher powder and lime stone powder.

First, secure 5kg of dog leather (1kg per sheet).

100 g of ocher powder having an average powder particle size of 0.002 mm and 90 g of iron oxide content and 50 g of limestone powder having an average powder particle size of 0.01 mm are added to a stirrer, and 10 L of water is added to the stirrer to stir evenly. The adsorbing process of the ocher powder and the lime powder is carried out on the leather while agitating evenly for 10 minutes by dropping the ocher / salt liquor mixed water obtained from the stirrer to 5 kg of the dog leather before the powder does not go to the bottom of the stirrer.

Thereafter, the leather adsorbed the ocher powder and the lime wine powder is rinsed twice in clean water to remove the clay powder and the lime wine powder remaining on the surface of the leather without being adsorbed.

Finally, dry in the shade with the leather extended.

Second Embodiment Process of Securing Adsorption and Leather Thickness Using Dough Resin

The thickness of the leather is further increased while increasing the adsorptive power of the ocher powder and the lime powder to the leather using the powder resin, but after the adsorption process of the ocher powder and the lime powder according to the first embodiment, Although coating the leather surface can make it easy to secure the thickness of the leather and excellent adhesion, it is possible to cover the whole surface of the leather so that the dense resin covers the surface of the leather so that the vibration characteristics of the leather disappear. In addition, it was diluted with water at a certain ratio and secured in advance evenly mixed with ocher powder and limestone powder, and then soaked in leather.

First, as shown in the first embodiment, 100 g of ocher powder having an average powder particle size of 0.002 mm and iron oxide containing weight of 90% and 50 g of lime wine powder having an average powder particle size of 0.01 mm are added to an agitator, and then 1 kg of the dry resin is added. After addition to this stirrer, 10 liters of water was poured into the stirrer and diluted and evenly stirred.

Thereafter, the process was performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

Third Embodiment: Dough Resin Coating Process After Adsorption Process of Loess / Slab Liquor Powder

According to the third embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the leather which has undergone the process of the first embodiment is coated with the resin, but in consideration of the solidity of the resin, the surface of the leather is covered by the liquid by dilution with water. This is to prevent the problem.

First, the leather obtained through the first embodiment, that is, the clay powder and the limestone powder were adsorbed, and the dried resin 1kg diluted in 10L of water was applied to the surface of the leather sufficiently using a brush or other coating tool.

Thereafter, the mixture was rinsed twice with water and then dried for a time sufficient for shading.

Comparative example

Comparative tests on sound properties, adsorption degree and thickness analysis for the three examples were performed.

1. Characterization of sound in leather

The sound test is performed on the leather produced by the first to third embodiments or made by adsorbing only the ocher powder, but the test subjects are the best sound for 80 Korean players or related workers (to exclude the subjective characteristics, A blind test was conducted to determine the best sound for a deep and clear sound. However, one tester had two choices for each question.

Analysis of sound preferences in leather (total for each question: 160 people)   Ocher powder  First embodiment   Second embodiment   Third embodiment   Deep and clear sound     26      51      44      39  Strong degree of ringing     31      49      43      37

As can be seen from the experimental example, the first embodiment showed the highest preference for the deep clear sound and the strong degree of ringing, the leather adsorbed only ocher powder showed the lowest preference. This analysis shows that when the lime wine powder is included, the sound is deeper and sounds better when only the ocher powder is included. In addition, among the clay containing ocher / stone wine powder, it is deeper when it is not used than when the dry resin is used. Clear sound and ringing is strong.

2. Thickness change after hitting 10,000 times

The test was conducted to see if there was a change in thickness with a certain amount of use. That is, it may be due to the wear of the leather itself due to the impact, but the thickness change may also be different in the detachment phenomenon of the components adsorbed on the surface of the leather. The experiment was carried out. Here, the thickness of the initial manufacturing state and the thickness of 10,000 hits was measured to set the reference to the case of ocher powder leather -1 (that is, the thickness is reduced by 1 relative dimension) for the difference in thickness reduction.

Change in thickness after hitting a certain number of times (10,000 times) in the initial state   Ocher powder  First embodiment  Second embodiment  Third embodiment   Thickness change   -1 (standard)     -0.7     -0.5     -0.3

As can be seen from the above table, it can be seen that the adsorption of the lime liquor powder is less than the case of adsorbing the ocher powder, and the change in thickness is small even when it is hit for a long time. There was no difference in thickness than in the other cases, and in case of including dense resin, the clay was coated with ocher / salt liquor powder before diluting the loess and lime powder together. In the case of the thickness change was not severe.

In addition, when using a chemical coating material such as varnish without varnish resin, the thickness change may not occur as compared with the case of using a mortar resin, but in this case, the sound test showed a significantly lower preference since In order to ensure high sound quality while guaranteeing the level of durability, it was found that the use of the dipped resin among coating materials was more excellent.

As described so far, the configuration and operation of the manufacturing method of the loess and limestone adsorption leather used for the Korean traditional percussion instrument according to the present invention have been expressed in the above description and the drawings, but this is merely an example and the idea of the present invention is described above. And not limited to the drawings, various changes and modifications are possible within the scope not departing from the technical idea of the present invention.

1 is a flow chart showing a schematic procedure for the manufacturing method of loess and limestone adsorption leather used in the Korean traditional percussion instrument according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is an exemplary view showing the process and adsorption state of the loess powder and limestone powder adsorbed on the leather structure.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: ocher powder 3: leather

2: lime wine powder

Claims (5)

As a manufacturing method of loess and limestone adsorption leather used for a Korean traditional percussion instrument, A soaking process in which raw material is soaked in water to remove dirt and soften the material; An immersion step of swelling the raw material which has undergone the soaking process to loosen the hair root, and a hair removal step of removing residual hair of the raw material after the immersion step; A neutralization step of neutralizing the acid or base bound to the raw skin after the hair removal step; Baking step of removing the unnecessary protein other than collagen by immersing the raw material after the neutralization step in a neutral solution; An adsorbing step of adsorbing the loess powder and the lime powder to the raw material by dropping the mixture of the loess powder and the lime powder in a weight ratio of 1.5 to 2 to 1 on the raw material which has been subjected to the baking process with water; The drying process of marching the raw material after the adsorption process and drying the shade in the shade; It consists of using the raw leather after the drying process as the leather of the Korean traditional percussion, of the loess and limestone adsorption leather used in the Korean traditional percussion Manufacturing method. The method of claim 1, The slab powder is characterized in that it contains iron oxide as 80 to 95% by weight, the method for producing loess and stone liquor adsorption leather used in the Korean traditional drum percussion. The method of claim 1, Particle size of the loess powder and the limestone powder is an average ratio of 1: 5, characterized in that the manufacturing method of the loess and limestone adsorption leather used in the Korean percussion instrument. The method of claim 1, The adsorption step, 100 g of ocher powder and 50 g of lime powder were added to 1 kg of dried resin, which was diluted with 10 L of water and soaked in 5 kg of leather, and the dried resin was adsorbed on the leather. Process for producing loess and limestone adsorption leather for use. The method of claim 1, After the coating process is diluted by mixing 1kg of the resin resin in 10L of water and diluted with 5kg of leather after the drying process, the step of rinsing again in water and then drying; further comprising a; Process for producing loess and limestone adsorption leather used.

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