KR100907035B1 - Organic weaste treatment apparatus and method - Google Patents

Abstract

An organic waste treatment apparatus and a method thereof are provided to prevent secondary environmental contamination due to methane gas, and to manufacture natural gas having good quality and an organic fertilizer having excellent quality. An organic waste treatment apparatus includes a waste crushing chamber(12), a plurality of fermentation digestion tanks(18), a plurality of microorganism reservoirs(20), a plurality of gas holders(26), a mixer(38), a quicklime reservoir(54), a water tank(50), a plurality of reservoirs and a plurality of stabilization reservoirs(64). The organic waste treatment apparatus includes a waste reservoir(14) for storing organic waste. The fermentation digestion tank is connected with the mixer by using a mono screw(16). The organic waste treatment apparatus further includes a steam supply and power generator(30) and a heat storage-typed boiler(58).

Description

Organic waste disposal apparatus and method {ORGANIC WEASTE TREATMENT APPARATUS AND METHOD}

The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating organic waste, and more specifically, to an organic waste treatment apparatus for aging organic waste with anaerobic microorganisms and mixing the aged waste with quicklime to produce calcified fertilizer and liquid fertilizer, and It is about a method.

Organic fertilizers are generally classified into fast-acting fertilizers and slow-fertilizers. Since fast-acting fertilizers are made of fertilizers after fermenting waste organic matter, when fertilizers are administered to crops, microorganisms can be actively activated and supply nutrients to crops immediately. However, there is a problem that the effect as a fertilizer cannot be maintained for about two months or more. Since the slow-fertilizing fertilizer is manufactured as a fertilizer without fermenting the waste organic matter, the effect is gradually shown to the crop, and when the fertilized organic matter comes into contact with moisture during distribution, organic matter starts to ferment and there is a problem that odor is issued. However, there is an advantage that the effect as a fertilizer lasts about six months.

Recently, the soil is gradually acidified due to overuse of chemical fertilizers. Because quicklime is used as a soil modifier to neutralize acidified soil, fertilizer is produced by mixing waste organic matter and quicklime.

An example of a method for producing fertilizer by mixing waste organic matter and quicklime is disclosed in Korean Patent No. 156010 (registered on July 20, 1998) entitled "Method for producing calcium fertilizer using waste organic matter". The method for preparing calcium fertilizer disclosed in the patent includes adjusting the water content of the waste organic matter to within 50%, injecting quicklime with 30-50% of the total amount of the organic matter, reacting the mixture for at least 24 hours, and And pulverizing the reacted mixture with a grinder after stabilizing the mixture by leaving it in the air for 2-3 days.

Another example of a method for producing fertilizer by mixing waste organic matter and quicklime is Korean Patent No. 230766 (August 24, 1999, which is an apparatus for treating organic food fertilizer by treating food waste and livestock waste, fish meat by-products, etc.). Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2000-1045 (July 7, 2000) entitled " Method for Producing Organic Fertilizer Using Subsea Sediments. &Quot; The patent includes a process of separating foreign matter from waste organic matter, pulverizing the organic matter from which the foreign matter has been removed, and directly mixing the crushed organic matter and quicklime.

Thus, the organic waste is crushed, and heat generated while stirring the crushed waste and quicklime for a predetermined time is extracted, and the methane gas generated during the stirring is discharged into the atmosphere by being treated with a scrubber tower device. In this case, there is a problem in that methane gas is not completely processed and odor is generated.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an organic waste treatment apparatus for extracting and reusing a high temperature heat and methane gas generated in the process of mixing organic waste and quicklime. .

Another object of the present invention is to provide an organic waste treatment apparatus for improving the content of methane gas generated from organic waste by administering aerobic microorganisms to the organic waste.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide an organic waste treatment apparatus capable of producing organic fertilizer by almost removing the salt contained in the organic waste.

In order to achieve the above and other objects of the present invention, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the waste crushing chamber for crushing the organic waste; A plurality of fermentation digesters to which organic waste is supplied from the waste grinding chamber; A plurality of microbial reservoirs for supplying anaerobic microorganisms to the fermentation digester; A plurality of gas storage tanks for collecting and storing methane gas generated in the fermentation digester; An agitator to which organic waste fermented in the fermentation digester is supplied; A water tank for supplying a predetermined amount of water to the stirrer; A quicklime storage tank for supplying a predetermined amount of quicklime to the stirrer; There is provided an organic waste treatment apparatus comprising a plurality of reservoirs for storing the stirred mixture in the stirrer.

The organic waste treating apparatus of the present invention also includes a waste storage tank for storing the organic waste ground in the waste grinding chamber.

The fermentation digester is preferably connected by a stirrer and a monoscrew.

The organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention also includes a cogeneration generator, connected to a plurality of gas reservoirs, to supply gas from the gas reservoirs.

The organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention also includes a regenerative boiler for storing high temperature heat generated inside the stirrer.

The organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention also includes a number of stabilization reservoirs for stabilizing the resulting mixture, which are stirred inside the stirrer.

The stabilization reservoir is connected to a liquid fertilizer reservoir for storing liquid fertilizer and a product packaging machine for packaging lime organic fertilizer.

The microorganism supplied to the fermentation digester is preferably an active sludge microorganism.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the method includes: pulverizing an amount of organic waste; Stirring the aged organic waste and microorganisms to mature; Extracting methane gas generated during the aging process of the organic waste and microorganisms; Stirring the aged organic waste and quicklime for a predetermined time to produce a liquid mixture; Storing heat generated while producing the liquid mixture; Supplying water to the liquid mixture at a predetermined ratio; After stabilizing the liquid mixture for a predetermined period of time, there is provided an organic waste treatment method comprising the step of separating and storing the liquid and sludge.

The ground organic waste and anaerobic microorganisms are aged for 1 to 40 days, and the aged organic waste and quicklime are preferably stirred for 30 minutes to 1 hour 30 minutes.

According to the configuration of the present invention described above, by extracting and reusing the heat and methane gas generated in the process of mixing the organic waste and quicklime, it is possible to prevent secondary environmental pollution due to methane gas with the advantage of resource recycling.

Since aerobic microorganisms are administered to the organic wastes, the content of methane gas generated from the organic wastes can be improved, and natural gas having excellent quality can be produced.

In addition, by stirring the organic waste and quicklime for a predetermined time to generate a high temperature heat, it is possible to remove the salt contained in the organic waste to almost zero to improve the quality of the organic fertilizer.

Hereinafter, an organic waste treatment apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing an organic waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the organic waste collected by the collection vehicle or the transportation vehicle 10 is introduced into the waste crushing chamber 12 of the processing apparatus. The waste grinding chamber 12 preferably includes a hydraulic pneumatic crusher in order to omit the screening process of the organic waste.

After the waste crushed by the pneumatic crusher in the waste crushing chamber 12 is stored in the crushed organic waste storage tank 14, the crushed waste is stored in the plurality of fermentation digesters 18 by the monoscrew 16. Supply.

Each fermentation digester 18 is connected to a plurality of microorganism storage tanks 20, respectively, and anaerobic microorganisms such as activated sludge microorganisms are supplied from the microorganism storage tank 20 to the fermentation digestion tank 18, respectively. Anaerobic microorganisms decompose waste through an anaerobic digestion process inside fermentation digester 18. For waste decomposition, the fermentation digester 18 is provided with a plurality of vanes connected to the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft, it is preferable to agitate the waste inside the fermentation digester at a constant speed.

More specifically, the anaerobic digestion process is a process in which biodegradable organic material is finally decomposed into CH ₄ and CO ₂ through a multi-step biochemical reaction under the absence of oxygen. In general, anaerobic digestion of biodegradable waste consists of multistage biochemical reaction stages: hydrolysis, acid fermentation, organic acid fermentation, and methane fermentation.

Hydrolysis, the first step, is a process in which macromolecular organic substances such as polysaccharides, fats, and proteins are decomposed into soluble organic substances such as monosaccharides, fatty acids, and amino acids by in vitro enzymes of fermentation microorganisms. Known. In the second step, the low molecular weight organic matter produced by hydrolysis is converted into organic acids, alcohols, ketones and the like by the organic acid producing bacteria. The third step is acetic acid production step, where acetic acid bacteria oxidize fatty acids, ethanol and benzoate to form acetic acid and hydrogen. Finally, methane production step is the production of CH ₄ , the final product of anaerobic decomposition reaction. 70% of the acid is produced from acetic acid cracking and the remaining 30% from hydrogen cracking.

The main components of the biogas produced from the fermentation digester 18 are methane (53% to 70%) and carbon dioxide (30 to 47%), and contain trace amounts of gases such as ammonia, hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon monoxide, including hydrogen sulfide.

Each of the plurality of fermentation digesters 18 is connected to a gas reservoir 26 via a line 24. Thus, the methane gas produced inside fermentation digester 18 is stored in gas reservoir 26 via line 24 by pump 27 and then delivered to cogeneration generator 30 via line. The gas reservoir 26 is also connected to the plurality of liquid fertilizer tanks 48 through line 36. The methane gas generated in the liquid storage tank 48 is supplied to the gas storage 26 through the line 36.

In addition, the organic waste matured in the fermentation digester 18 is supplied into the stirrer 38 by the monoscrew 34. The stirrer 38 has a plurality of vanes equipped with a rotating shaft 40, a hydraulic pressure motor 42 for rotating the rotary shaft 40, and to transmit the rotational force of the hydraulic pressure motor 42 to the rotary shaft 40 For the belt 46. The stirrer 38 is connected to the water tank 50 through the line 52, the water can be supplied to the inside of the stirrer 38. In order to supply water into the stirrer 38, a spray nozzle is preferably installed on the stirrer 38.

The stirrer 38 is also connected with the quicklime reservoir 54. The quicklime stored in the quicklime reservoir 54 is supplied into the stirrer 38 by the transfer means 56. The stirrer 38 is also connected to the regenerative boiler 58 via line 60 to store heat generated within the stirrer.

The stirrer 38 agitates the aged organic waste supplied from the fermentation digester 18 and the quicklime supplied from the quicklime storage tank 54 for a predetermined time period, preferably 30 minutes to 1 hour and 30 minutes, and about 1 hour after the start of stirring. From the time 20 minutes, the heat generated inside the stirrer 38 may be supplied to the regenerative boiler 58, and a part of the heat may be supplied to the fermentation digester 18 through the line 76 to promote ripening of the organic waste. .

When the organic waste and quicklime are stirred inside the stirrer 38 for a period of time, the mixture is completely changed to a fluid state, in which a proportion of water from the water tank 50 is provided, preferably one to one or one to two. The ratio is supplied inside the stirrer 38. When water is supplied to the mixture of organic waste and quicklime, lime liquor is produced. This lime liquor is fed to a plurality of liquor stabilization reservoirs 64 via line 62.

The liquid ratio stabilization reservoir 64 is connected to the liquid ratio reservoir 48 via a line 72, so that the stabilized liquid ratio is supplied to the liquid ratio reservoir 48. On the other hand, the sludge precipitated inside the liquid fertilization storage tank 64, that is, the lime organic fertilizer is supplied to the pellet machine 70 through the lines 66 and 68 capable of water evaporation and then pelletized, the product packaging machine (not shown) Is supplied. The heat required to dry the lime organic fertilizer is preferably supplied from the regenerative boiler 58.

The process of treating the organic waste by the organic waste treatment apparatus of the above-described configuration will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1.

When a certain amount of organic waste is collected and transferred to the treatment apparatus by the collection vehicle or the transport vehicle 10, the organic waste is introduced into the waste crushing chamber 12. The organic waste introduced into the waste crushing chamber 12 is crushed into particles having a predetermined diameter by a pneumatic crusher, and then stored in the organic waste storage tank 14.

The crushed waste stored in the organic waste storage tank 14 is supplied to the inside of the plurality of fermentation digestion tanks 18 by the monoscrew 16, and at the same time anaerobic microorganisms from the microorganism storage tank 20 are fermented digestion tank 18 inside. Supplied to each. In this case, the hot heat generated in the stirrer 38 is supplied to the fermentation digester 18 via line 76 to promote the digestive activity of anaerobic microorganisms. In addition, the hot heat generated in the stirrer 38 is supplied to the microorganism reservoir 20 through the line 80, to promote the growth of the activated sludge microorganisms.

While anaerobic microorganisms are stored within the fermentation digester 18 for a predetermined period, anaerobic microorganisms generate a large amount of methane gas in the process of decomposing waste through an anaerobic digestion process. This methane gas is supplied to gas reservoir 26 via line 24. The methane gas supplied to the gas reservoir 26 may be supplied to the cogeneration generator 30 and used to generate electric power.

The organic waste matured in the fermentation digester 18 is fed into the stirrer 38 by the monoscrew 34. At the same time, quicklime is supplied from the quicklime storage tank 54 into the stirrer 38 at a ratio of 20 to 50% by weight relative to the organic waste.

When organic waste and quicklime are fed into the stirrer 38, it is stirred in the stirrer 38 for 30 minutes to 1 hour 30 minutes. When this mixture is stirred inside the stirrer, hot heat of 100 ° C. to 250 ° C. is generated from the mixture. It was confirmed through experiments that the generated high temperature heat completely dissolved the calcium chloride contained in the waste, so that the salt concentration was hardly detected in the subsequent liquid ratio.

After the start of the stirring, the hot heat generated inside the stirrer 38 is supplied to the regenerative boiler 58 through the line 60 from about 1 hour 20 minutes, while a part of the generated heat is fermented through the line 76. It is fed to the digester 18 and used to promote ripening of organic waste.

After the organic waste and quicklime are stirred in the stirrer 38 for a predetermined time, water is supplied from the water tank 50 into the stirrer 38 at a ratio of 1 to 1 or 2 to 1, and the organic waste and Quicklime is fully liquefied to produce lime liquor. This lime liquor is supplied via line 62 to the liquor stabilization reservoir 64 and then via line 72 to the liquor reservoir 48. The sludge settled in the liquid fertilization storage tank 64 is supplied and packaged to the product packaging machine 68 through the line 66 as lime organic fertilizer. Some of the hot heat generated in the stirrer 38 is fed to the product packaging machine 68 to dry the lime organic fertilizer.

The lime-treated fertilizer and lime liquor thus prepared were tested and analyzed at Gyeongsangbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.

Fertilizer ingredient test result of lime processing fertilizer Analysis item (Danwin) Analytical Reference value Organic matter (%) 23.9 over 10 Alkali Powder (%) 32.1 More than 15% moisture(%) 18.6 50% less than Arsenic (mg / kg) trace 50mg / kg or less Cadmium (mg / kg) trace 5mg / kg or less Mercury (mg / kg) trace 2mg / kg or less Lead (mg / kg) trace 150mg / kg or less Chromium (mg / kg) 51.3 300mg / kg or less Copper (mg / kg) trace 300mg / kg or less Nickel (mg / kg) 24.0 50mg / kg or less Zinc (mg / kg) 31.4 900mg / kg or less salt(%) trace 1.0% or less

Fertilizer ingredient test result of lime liquor Analysis Item (Unit) Analytical Alkaline powder (%) 2.3 Arsenic (mg / kg) trace Cadmium (mg / kg) trace Mercury (mg / kg) trace Lead (mg / kg) trace Chromium (mg / kg) trace Copper (mg / kg) trace Nickel (mg / kg) trace Zinc (mg / kg) trace salt(%) 0.1 Nitrogen amount (%) 0.2 Water Soluble Phosphate (%) 0.01 Water soluble girly (%) 0.04

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, the protection scope to be protected is not limited by the above embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention is determined by the following claims.

1 is a process diagram schematically showing an organic waste treatment apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

12: waste grinding chamber

14: organic waste storage tank

16: mono screw

18: fermentation digester

20: microbial reservoir

26: gas reservoir

30: cogeneration generator

38: stirrer

48: liquor storage tank

64: stabilized reservoir

Claims (13)

A waste grinding chamber for crushing organic wastes; A plurality of fermentation digesters to which organic waste is supplied from the waste grinding chamber; A plurality of microbial reservoirs for supplying microorganisms to the fermentation digester; A plurality of gas storage tanks for collecting and storing methane gas generated in the fermentation digester; An agitator to which organic waste fermented in the fermentation digester is supplied; A quicklime storage tank for supplying a predetermined amount of quicklime to the stirrer; A water tank for supplying a predetermined amount of water to the stirrer; A plurality of reservoirs for storing the stirred mixture in the stirrer; A plurality of stabilization reservoirs for stabilizing the resulting mixture by stirring inside the stirrer to produce lime liquor and lime organic fertilizer, The quicklime is supplied with 20 to 50% by weight relative to the organic waste, Wherein said water is mixed with a mixture of organic waste and quicklime in a ratio of 1: 1 to 2: 1. The method of claim 1, And a waste storage tank for storing the organic waste ground in the waste grinding chamber. The method of claim 1, Fermentation digester is organic waste treatment apparatus characterized in that connected by a stirrer and a monoscrew. The method of claim 1, And a cogeneration generator connected to the plurality of gas reservoirs, the gas being supplied from the gas reservoirs. The method of claim 1, And an regenerative boiler for storing high temperature heat generated inside the stirrer. delete The method of claim 1, The stabilization reservoir is an organic waste treatment apparatus, characterized in that connected to the liquid manure storage tank for storing the liquid fertilizer and the product packaging machine for packaging the lime organic fertilizer. The method of claim 1, Microorganisms supplied to the fermentation digester is an organic waste treatment apparatus, characterized in that the activated sludge microorganisms. The method of claim 7, wherein The high temperature heat generated from the stirrer is supplied to the fermentation digester and product packaging machine. Pulverizing an amount of organic waste; Stirring the aged organic waste and microorganisms to mature; Extracting methane gas generated during the aging process of the organic waste and microorganisms; Stirring the aged organic waste and quicklime for 30 minutes to 1 hour 30 minutes to produce a liquid mixture; Storing heat generated while producing the liquid mixture; Mixing the liquid mixture and water in a ratio of 1 to 1 to 1 to 2; Stabilizing the liquid mixture to produce lime liquor and lime organic fertilizer. The method of claim 10, Wherein said microorganism is an active sludge microorganism. delete delete

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