KR100890574B1 - Dehumidifying equipment using zeolite in greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

A dehumidifying apparatus using zeolite in a greenhouse is provided to lower relative humidity of vinyl house in wintertime by drying a dehumidifying agent. A dehumidifying apparatus(1) using zeolite in a greenhouse includes an outer tube(5) and a filter tube(7) of a cylinder type. The filter box is mounted on the inside of the outer tube and filled with the zeolite. On the center of the filter tube, a hollow unit(8) of a cylinder shape is formed, and a ventilation fan(9) is installed on an upper part of the tube. On a bottom surface of the outer tube, an outer air intake pipe(20) and an internal air intake pipe(21) are installed.

Description

Dehumidifying equipment using zeolite in greenhouse

An object of the present invention relates to a method for dehumidifying a plant crop that can reduce the humidity of a crop and increase the yield by reducing humidity in a greenhouse or a plastic house by using a dehumidifying device and a dehumidifying device having low cost and high efficiency. In general, most plant crop farmers use a method such as mulching or ventilating with vinyl or straw to reduce humidity, but it is less effective. In some farms, by increasing the temperature for more active dehumidification to lower the relative humidity or to remove the moisture by using a dehumidifier, there is a problem that takes a lot of installation and operation costs.

Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a low-cost and efficient dehumidification method and supply it to plant crops.

In general, there are various kinds of usable dehumidifying agents such as activated carbon, calcium chloride, silica gel and zeolite. Activated carbon is used as a gas adsorbent rather than dehumidification. Calcium chloride has a high dehumidifying power, but when a certain amount of moisture is absorbed, phase conversion occurs from solid to liquid, making regeneration difficult. In addition, silica gel has a high dehumidifying ability at room temperature, but has a problem of rapidly decreasing at low temperatures. Zeolite has no change in moisture absorption, and there is no difference in dehumidification at room temperature and low temperature, which can be useful for removing moisture in greenhouses or plastic houses. In particular, zeolites produced in Korea are known to have the highest quality.

Therefore, the present invention can be supplied cheaply to growers who want to improve the humid environment of the plant crops in the low-temperature period by establishing a low-cost dehumidification device and system, it is believed that it will contribute to suppress the disease occurrence of crops and increase the yield.

In order to reduce the heating cost in the cultivation of low-temperature horticultural crops, many farms are grown with minimal heating or cultivated with no heat. In these cultivation facilities, the internal temperature of the facility is lowered and the relative humidity is increased 1-2 hours before sunset. In this case, it is necessary to reduce humidity through dehumidification as condensation occurs on the crops, growth disorders, and diseases occur. The present invention can be spread at low cost to plant crop cultivators to improve the humid environment of a greenhouse or a plastic house. The dehumidifier using zeolite has high dehumidification power even at low temperature, and is easily regenerated and thus can be used continuously. Greenhouse using the present invention can reduce the incidence of fungal diseases of plant crops, such as tomatoes by more than 50% by lowering the relative humidity of the greenhouse by 8-10% compared to not using a dehumidification device to increase the production by more than 20% There is.

The present invention is a method and dehumidification principle as a dehumidification apparatus that can improve the humid environment in a greenhouse or a plastic house at low cost in a plant crop cultivation farm. When the humidified air in the greenhouse passes through the dehumidification filter at night, a certain amount of moisture is removed, and the air from which the moisture is removed is supplied into the greenhouse through the discharge pipe. Of course, during the day, the dehumidification filter filled with zeolite should be dried, and the drying utilizes the external natural environment. Due to the seasonality of Korea, the relative humidity is very low (20 ~ 40%) during the day from October to May. Therefore, in this period, when dry air outside the greenhouse is introduced and passed through the wet dehumidifier in the dehumidification filter box, the moisture is removed and can be used again as a dehumidifier at night.

The configuration of the present invention is a blower device for introducing the air inside and outside the greenhouse, the pipe to induce the inflow and discharge of air is connected to the built-in dehumidification filter tank and the body made of plastic supporting the whole, dehumidified filter It is part. The dehumidification filter cylinder consists of two cylinders of the same height and different diameters. There are small cylinders in the large cylinder and the bottom of the cylinder is fixed to the disc. The sides of the cylinder have holes at regular sizes and spacing. The inner side of the cylinder is filled with metal or synthetic resin net so that the granular zeolite does not leak out, and there is an empty space in the middle of the filter cylinder. The space portion functions as a passage for supplying air dehumidified by the blower to the greenhouse.

The suction pipe is connected to the outer cylinder bottom of the main body of the dehumidifier through a valve driven by a timer and a pipe for sucking external dry air and a pipe for sucking humid air in the greenhouse. The discharge pipe is installed so that the air passing through the suction pipe and the dehumidifier is discharged at an appropriate position in the greenhouse interior space.

Humidity management and dehumidification method of facility cultivation medium shows 50 ~ 70% of relative humidity of day of facility cultivation during low temperature period. When temperature goes down by 1 ℃, relative humidity increases by 5%. The amount of water vapor in the air varies with temperature, and the relative humidity is 100%. When the temperature is 5 ° C, 10 ° C, 15 ° C, or 20 ° C, the amount of water vapor in 1 kg of air is 5.4g, 7.6g, 10.6g and Contains 14.7g. In low temperatures, the internal relative humidity of a plant cultivation that is not warmed after sunset is saturated. When humidity is saturated, condensation occurs on the surface of cultivated crops, which causes problems with crop physiological disorders and diseases, resulting in a decrease in quality and yield. In farms growing facility crops, mulching or ventilation with vinyl or straw is used to reduce relative humidity at night, but the effect is low. Absorbents include activated carbon, calcium chloride, silica gel, zeolite and the like. Activated charcoal is useful for adsorbing organic materials, and calcium chloride has excellent water absorption ability, but physical properties are phase-converted from solid phase to liquid phase, which makes it impossible to recycle. Silica gel has excellent water absorption ability, but absorbing a lot of water lowers its strength and lowers its absorption at low temperatures. However, zeolite has a small difference in moisture absorption capacity according to temperature and is highly applicable as a dehumidifying agent because it can absorb 15 to 40% by weight relative to its own weight. Dehumidifiers include products such as refrigeration, heating, and non-heating, but are relatively expensive to use for agriculture, and the dehumidification amount has an absorption capacity of 5ℓ / hr / 10a.

<Example 1>

The dehumidifier has a cylindrical outer cylinder 5 having a diameter of 40 to 80 cm, a height of 60 to 150 cm and a granular zeolite 25 to 50 cm in diameter, and a height of 30 to 100 as shown in the drawing. The filter cylinder 7 which is cm is attached. The filter cylinder 7 is composed of a metal or plastic cylindrical network, the central portion of the filter cylinder forms a hollow hollow portion 8 and a blower fan 9 is installed at the upper end of the dehumidified air to the plant medium. Supply. The outer cylinder 5 and the filter cylinder 7 is locked to the upper portion of the protective cap (10) (11), respectively. The outer air suction pipe 20 and the inner air suction pipe 21 are installed by connecting a plastic pipe having a diameter of 8 to 12 cm to the bottom of the outer cylinder 5. In the center of the upper protective cap 10 of the outer cylinder 5 is provided a supply pipe 23 for supplying the dehumidified air discharged by the blowing fan 9 to the facility medium. The suction pipe 21 and the supply pipe 23 may be installed to be configured to adjust the length so that the suction and supply can be made at any position of the facility cultivation medium. The suction pipe 21 and the supply pipe 23 may constitute a plurality of supply nozzles 23 and suction nozzles (not shown) as necessary. The valve 22 selectively sucks the external air suction pipe 20 and the internal air suction pipe 21 of the facility plant to adjust relative humidity, and to regenerate zeolite with external drying or heating air. do. The blower fan 9 is equipped with a timer 30 so that the blower operates continuously or periodically.

<Example 2>

Plant cultivation of tomatoes was carried out in three houses (70㎡) with a dehumidifier, a dehumidifier, and no treatment. Cultivation was planted in 2005, October, 2006 and February and harvested up to four flower gardens. Growth was observed three times for 10 weeks in the live weight, dry weight, leaf area, and height of the 9th to 11th lobes in the basal section. The quantity was divided into three groups of 10 weeks, divided into commodity and non commodity groups, and the humidity and temperature of the plant cultivation were measured by CR23X Datalogger (Campbel, Co). The incidence of leaf blight (0; no occurrence, 1; some occurrences, 2; about 1/4 leaf, 3; about 2/4 leaf, 4; about 3/4 leaf) is divided into stages. It was. The amount of dehumidification differs depending on the temperature and relative humidity, which is measured by the amount of water and the weight of the dehumidifier.

Daytime relative humidity (RH) is more than 50 ~ 70% at low temperature plant cultivation. When temperature drops by 1 ℃, relative humidity rises by 5%. After sunset, the relative humidity becomes saturated. When the dehumidifier, the general dehumidifier, and the non-treatment of the present invention were treated as shown in Table 1, the relative humidity was saturated to 98% or more and the dew was formed on the tomato leaves, but the relative humidity was used when the dehumidifier and the dehumidifier were used. There was no dew formation around 92%. In the case of the dehumidifying apparatus of the present invention, when the relative humidity passes through 92% of air, the relative humidity is removed at 80 to 85%, and dew formation does not occur at all.

[Table 1] Changes in humidity according to dehumidification treatment (2006, 03,18 ~ 2006,03,31)

[Table 2] Humidity change before and after passing through the dehumidifier of the present invention

The dehumidification amount dehumidified at night by the dehumidifying apparatus of the present invention was found to be dehumidified about 615 ~ 870cc / 70㎡ / day.

TABLE 3 Dehumidification amount by dehumidification treatment (cc) / 70㎡ / day

[Figure 1] Front view of dew condensation on plants by dehumidification

Diseases related to relative humidity were as follows: tomato, cucumber, etc., asymptomatic fungus, homegrown disease, spot germ disease, and late blight disease. Table 4 shows the incidence of leaf fungal disease. As a result, the non-treated areas with excessive humidity at night showed 22 spots per week of leaf fungal disease, while the dehumidified area showed around 12 spots. The results are the same as in previous reports that this relative humidity is closely related. The quantity of commodity was decreased in the untreated group, which had a high incidence of leaf fungal disease, compared with the dehumidified group.

[Table 4] Leaf mold disease spot score by dehumidification (dogs / week)

[Table 5] Quantity of goods by dehumidification (g / week) and fruiting water (dog / week)

1 is a cross-sectional view showing an operating state of the dehumidifying apparatus,

2 is a cross-sectional view showing another operating state of the dehumidifier;

3 is an operation state diagram of the dehumidification apparatus in the facility regeneration,

Figure 4 is another operational state diagram of the dehumidification apparatus in the plant cultivation.

Claims (3)

A cylindrical outer cylinder 5 and a filter cylinder 7 for filling granular zeolite inside the outer cylinder are mounted, and a central portion of the filter cylinder 7 forms a cylindrical hollow portion 8 and a blowing fan at the top. (9) to be installed to supply dehumidified air to the facility medium, the outer air intake pipe 20 and the inner air intake pipe 21 on the bottom of the outer cylinder (5), the upper protective cap (10) of the outer cylinder (5) Dehumidifier (1) characterized in that the supply pipe 23 for supplying the dehumidified air discharged by the blowing fan (9) to the facility medium in the center. delete Dehumidifying method characterized in that there is no dew condensation by setting the relative humidity of the plant crop land within 92% at night by using the dehumidifier of claim 1.

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