KR100866807B1 - Boiler using waste plastic - Google Patents

Abstract

A waste plastic boiler is provided to enhance the release rate of the fuel gas using the waste plastic and heat exchange rate capable of completely burning waste plastic residual which does not converted into fuel gas. A waste plastic boiler comprises a gas generation housing(110) having a hollow along its longitudinal direction; a transfer screw(130) which is installed to allow it to rotate inside the hollow; a drive motor(140) rotating the transfer screw; a gas generating device(100) consisting of a hopper(120) installed at one side of the housing so that the waste plastic is put into the transfer screw and a heater(160) installed on the housing in order to heat the fed waste plastic; a combustion housing(210) on which a pressure reducing part with its diameter directing toward the exhaust side tapered; and an air injection nozzle installed on the combustion housing in order to supply air to the combustion chamber.

Description

Boiler using waste plastic

The present invention relates to a waste plastic boiler using fuel gas recycled from waste plastic as fuel, and in particular, it is possible to increase the generation rate of fuel gas using waste plastic and to completely burn waste plastic residues which have not been converted into fuel gas. Of course, it relates to a waste plastic boiler that can increase the heat exchange rate.

In recent years, the use of various plastic resin materials, including tires and vinyl, has increased gradually in daily life or industrial sites, and these plastic resin materials are only partially recycled after use, and most of them are classified as waste and landfilled or incinerated. have.

Among them, the method of embedding plastic as waste has a problem that it is difficult to secure a landfill, and the embedded waste does not rot well, contaminating soil and groundwater and generating bad smell.

In addition, the method of incineration of plastics as waste has to be combusted using fossil fuels such as gas or petroleum to incinerate the separately collected plastics. There was a problem that it is inefficient because the heat source can not be reused.

In order to compensate for the above problems, recently, waste plastics are reused as fuels to enable disposal of waste plastics, as well as heat exchange with heat generated during such treatments, thereby reusing hot water or heating water. A boiler is provided.

However, the conventional boiler has a low fuel gas generation rate for heating waste plastic to be converted into fuel gas, and there is a problem in that the amount of fuel gas actually generated is small even when a large amount of waste plastic is used.

In addition, waste plastic residues that cannot be converted into fuel gas cannot be separately processed, and thus, waste plastic residues generated in this way must be landfilled as in the prior art.

In addition, there is a problem that the heat exchange rate is low when heating the direct water or heating return using the flame generated by the combustion of the fuel gas is inefficient.

The present invention has been proposed to solve the problems described above, in the waste plastic boiler heating the waste plastic to recycle to the fuel gas, to increase the generation rate of the fuel gas using the waste plastic, the waste that can not be converted into fuel gas It is to provide a waste plastic boiler that can completely burn the plastic residue, as well as increase the heat exchange rate.

To this end, the waste plastic boiler according to the present invention includes a gas generating housing in which a hollow part is formed along a longitudinal direction, a feed screw installed to be rotatable in the hollow part, a drive motor for rotating the feed screw, A gas generator having a hopper installed on one side of the housing so that the waste plastic is introduced into the transfer screw and a heating device installed in the housing to heat the injected waste plastic; It is connected to the output end of the gas generator, and provided with a combustion housing in which a combustion chamber communicating with the hollow portion therein and an air injection nozzle installed in the combustion housing to supply combustion air to the combustion chamber, the gas generator is supplied from Combustor in which the ignition of the fuel gas is made; And a flame chamber connected to an output end of the combustor, the flame chamber communicating with the combustion chamber therein, so that a flame generated by ignition of the fuel gas is introduced, and a water pipe installed in the heat exchange housing to exchange heat with the flame. It characterized in that it comprises a heat exchanger provided.

At this time, the conveying screw is two, the two screws are disposed in parallel to each other, it is preferable that the close installed so as to crush the waste plastic while rotating in a state of being engaged with each other.

In addition, the heating device is a heater rod is inserted into the gas generating housing in the longitudinal direction to generate heat by the electric energy, the heater rod is composed of three sub-heater rod, each sub-heater rod is a different temperature It is preferred to be controlled to generate heat.

In addition, it is preferable that a residue collection portion for collecting waste plastic residues conveyed by the transfer screw is provided at the lower end of the combustion housing.

In addition, it is preferable that the conveying screw protrudes up to the upper part of the residue collecting part so that the conveying screw is heated by the flame generated while the waste plastic residue collected in the residue collecting part is burned.

In addition, it is preferable that the pressure reduction portion having a shape that gradually increases in diameter in the direction toward the output side of the combustion housing is formed so that the pressure of the fuel gas ejected from the gas generator is reduced.

In addition, the air injection nozzle is installed in the pressure reducing portion, it is preferable that the inclined toward the output side of the combustor so as to guide the flame generated by the combustion of the fuel gas to the heat exchanger side.

The water pipe of the heat exchanger is inserted into the heat exchange housing and wound around the combustion chamber.

According to the waste plastic boiler according to the present invention as described above, in the waste plastic boiler for heating the waste plastic to recycle to the fuel gas, it is possible to increase the generation rate of the fuel gas using the waste plastic.

In addition, it is possible to completely burn the waste plastic residue that can not be converted into fuel gas to prevent environmental pollution.

In addition, in supplying direct water or heating water using fuel gas, the heat exchange rate can be increased.

Hereinafter, a waste plastic boiler according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a waste plastic boiler according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan sectional view showing a gas generator of a waste plastic boiler according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a gas generator of a waste plastic boiler according to the present invention 4 is a front sectional view showing a combustor of a waste plastic boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a front sectional view showing a combustor of a waste plastic boiler according to another embodiment of the present invention.

First, as shown in Figure 1, the waste plastic boiler according to the present invention is a gas generator 100 for generating a fuel gas by heating the melted plastic supplied to a high temperature to melt and vaporize, and the fuel supplied from the gas generator 100 Combustor 200 for igniting the gas to generate a flame and a heat exchanger 300 to heat exchange with the high temperature flame and low temperature direct water or heating return generated from the combustor 200.

Therefore, when various waste plastics including fevin and waste tires are pulverized in a pulverizer and then supplied to the waste plastic boiler of the present invention, the waste plastics can be appropriately disposed through incineration, as well as in such a process. By using the generated fuel gas to be used for the supply of hot water or heating water, it is possible to recycle the waste plastic.

To this end, the gas generator 100 includes a gas generating housing 110 constituting the body, a hopper 120 to allow the waste plastic to be injected into the gas generating housing 110, and an input waste plastic. A feed screw 130, a drive motor 140 for rotating the feed screw 130, a gear box 150 for connecting the drive motor 140 and the feed screw 130 to each other using various gears; , A heating device 160 installed in the gas generating housing 110 to heat the injected waste plastic, and a support plate 170 for supporting the gas generator 100.

The gas generating housing 110 has a hollow portion formed in the inner central portion thereof in a longitudinal direction to provide a place where the injected waste plastic can be melted and vaporized, and a conveying screw 130 supported by a bearing (not shown) is provided. It can be installed in a rotatable ecology.

In addition, an open portion communicating with the hollow portion is formed at one end of the gas generating housing 110, and the hopper 120 is connected to the open portion so that the waste plastic injected through the hopper 120 is opened through the open portion. Allow to be fed up to the hollow part.

In addition, the gas generating housing 110 may further include a fuel gas ejection guide nozzle and a blower for injecting air toward the output side in the hollow portion, and thus fuel generated at the hollow portion of the gas generating housing 110. It would be desirable to allow the gas to be ejected more smoothly towards the combustor 200.

Hopper 120 is connected to the opening of the gas-generating housing 110 to be supplied to the waste plastic to the hollow portion, such a hopper 120 is provided with an opening and closing device 121 that can be opened and closed, such as a butterfly valve Thus, the switchgear is opened only when the waste plastic is supplied, and in other cases, the switchgear is closed to prevent backflow of fuel gas or flame generated inside the gas generating housing 110.

The transfer screw 130 transfers the waste plastic introduced into the hollow part to the output side facing the combustion chamber, and is mechanically coupled to the drive motor 140 through the gearbox 150 to rotate by the operation of the drive motor 140. In the case, the injected waste plastic is transferred to the output side.

However, the feed screw 130, as can be clearly seen through Figure 2, two are installed in pairs, wherein the two feed screw 110 is disposed in parallel to each other, the two feed The screw 130 is installed close to each other to rotate in a meshed state. Of course, the drive motor 140 and the gearbox 150 are also provided to rotate the pair of feed screw 130, respectively.

As such, when the two conveying screws 130 are disposed close to each other, a larger amount of waste plastic can be conveyed than when one conveying screw 130 is used, and thus, a larger amount of fuel gas is melted and vaporized. To be generated.

In addition, finely pulverized waste plastic by the conveying screw 130 rotated in a state of being engaged with each other, as well as carbon (carbon) generated when melting the waste plastic can be pulverized, melting and Allow vaporization to occur smoothly.

The heating device 160 melts and vaporizes the waste plastic transferred along the hollow of the gas generating housing 110 by the transfer screw 130 to generate fuel gas. The heating device 160 is an example of a power source. The heater rod 160 that generates heat by the electric energy supplied from the supply device may be used.

In particular, the rod-shaped heater rod 160, as can be seen through Figure 3, is inserted into the gas generating housing 110, a predetermined angle along the circumferential direction to surround the hollow portion in which the transfer screw 130 is installed A plurality is installed every time.

In addition, each heater rod 160 is composed of three sub-heater rods (160a to 160c), and are spaced apart from each other for electrical insulation, each receives a different amount of electrical energy, generates heat of different temperatures Let's do it.

For example, the first sub-heater rod 160a adjacent to the hopper 120 generates a temperature of 320 ° C, and the second sub-heater rod 160b generates a temperature of 500 to 600 ° C. Adjacent third sub-heater rod (160c) is to generate a temperature of 800 ~ 850 ℃. That is, by dividing the gas generating housing 110 into three, the temperature gradually increases from the input side facing the hopper 120 toward the output side facing the combustion chamber.

Therefore, the waste plastic is properly melted at the position where the first sub heater rod 160a is inserted, and the waste plastic is properly vaporized at the position where the second sub heater rod 160b is inserted. In the position where the sub heater rod 160c is inserted, it is possible to maintain a temperature suitable for ignition of the fuel gas generated through the vaporization.

However, since the cooling water supply pipe (not shown) is inserted into the gas generating housing 110, the temperature of the gas generation 100 may be appropriately adjusted together with the heater rod 160.

The support plate 170 is for supporting and fixing the gas generator 100. Although not shown, the support plate 170 is provided with a transfer roller (not shown) to transfer the gas generator 100 or to assemble it with the combustor 200. To facilitate.

The combustor 200 is connected to the output end of the gas generator 100 by a flange (flange), etc., as can be seen through Figure 4, constitutes the body of the combustor 200, there is a combustion chamber of a predetermined space therein A combustion housing 210 formed therein, an air spray nozzle 212 for supplying combustion air to the combustion chamber, a residue collection unit 220 and a conveying screw for collecting waste plastic residues remaining without melting or vaporizing; And a guide plate 230 for guiding the waste plastic residue transported by the 130 to be collected in the residue collection unit 220.

Combustion housing 210 is composed of three layers, starting from the outermost one, the sealing cover 210a for protection from the external environment, air supply pipe 210b providing an air flow passage and The inner wall 210c is made of a flame retardant material, and the air supply pipe 210b is connected to a blower (not shown) so that external air forced by the blower can be supplied to the air spray nozzle 212.

In addition, a combustion chamber of a predetermined space is formed inside the combustion housing 210, and an input side of the combustion chamber is opened to communicate with an output side of the hollow portion of the gas generator 100. Therefore, when the high-pressure fuel gas generated in the gas generator 100 is ejected into the combustion chamber, ignition of the fuel gas by using an ignition device such as an ignitor may cause a flame in the combustion chamber.

In particular, the combustion housing 210 is formed with a pressure reducing unit 211 having a diameter gradually increasing in the direction toward the output side so as to lower the pressure of the fuel gas ejected at high pressure from the gas generator 100.

That is, although the input end inlet of the combustion housing 210 connected to the output end of the gas generator 100 is configured to have a flame portion having the same diameter as the hollow portion of the gas generator 100, the pressure reducing unit 211 is the combustion housing The diameter of the combustion chamber becomes gradually larger toward the output side of 210, and it consists of inclined shapes.

Accordingly, the fuel gas ejected at high pressure from the gas generator 100 toward the combustion chamber is reduced in pressure while passing through the pressure reducing unit 211, thereby providing an environment suitable for ignition of the fuel gas.

In addition, the air injection nozzle 212 for supplying combustion air into the combustion chamber is installed in the pressure reducing unit 211, wherein the air injection nozzle 212 is installed to be inclined toward the output side of the combustor 200. desirable.

That is, by forcibly injecting the forced air is inclined toward the output side toward the heat exchanger 300 from the inside of the combustion chamber, to supply an appropriate ratio of air so that the ignition of the fuel gas well, the flame is heat exchanged by the injected air It is preferable to increase the heat exchange rate by facing the group 300.

Residue collection unit 220 is to reduce the emission of waste by collecting and burning the remaining plastic residues and carbon residues generated when the waste plastic melted and not converted into fuel gas in the gas generator 100, combustion housing ( The lower end of the 210 is installed in the shape of a fire furnace, and a lower portion of the cleaning door 221 is provided.

In addition, the combustion housing 210 extends from the input side of the combustion chamber to the residue collection unit 220 so that waste plastic residue and carbon residue transported into the combustion chamber by the transfer screw 130 are dropped into the residue collection unit 220. The guide plate 230 is installed.

Therefore, waste plastic residues or carbon residues collected in the residue collection unit 220 are burned by a flame generated by ignition of fuel gas, or burned using a separate ignition device (not shown) to discharge to the outside. To reduce the environmental risk and to prevent environmental pollution.

In addition, the above-described transfer screw 130 preferably has a length sufficient to protrude to the upper portion of the residue collection unit 220 in the combustion chamber, which is a transfer screw protruding to the upper portion of the residue collection unit 220 The 130 is to be heated to a high temperature by the flame generated when the waste plastic residue or carbon residue is burned to melt and vaporize the waste plastic together with the heating device 160 of the gas generator 100.

In addition, since the flame is generated in the fuel gas pressure reducing unit 211 ejected into the combustion chamber, the transfer screw 130 is heated to a high temperature even by the flame caused by the ignition of the fuel gas.

Meanwhile, in FIGS. 1 and 4, a structure in which the gas generator 100 and the combustor 200 are connected to each other in a straight line has been described as an example. However, there may be installation sites that do not have a length sufficient to install the waste plastic boiler according to the invention.

Therefore, in this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the combustor 200 ′ in which the coupling part 240 with the gas generator 100 is formed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the combustor 200 may be used. The gas generator 100 and the combustor 200 'may be combined in a' ┏ 'shape and may reduce the installation length.

However, an auxiliary nozzle for injecting air toward the heat exchanger 300 on the input side wall of the combustor 200 housing so that the fuel gas generated in the gas generator 100 can be properly ejected toward the heat exchanger 300 side. 250 is inserted and installed, so that the fuel gas supplied in the vertical direction can flow in the horizontal direction again toward the heat exchanger 300 by the air injected from the auxiliary nozzle 250.

The heat exchanger 300 is for heating a low temperature fluid such as direct water or heating water by using a flame ejected from the combustor 200, and is connected to an output end of the combustor 200 by a flange or the like, and the combustion chamber and A heat exchange housing 310 having a flame chamber communicating therewith, a water pipe 320 installed at the heat exchange housing 310 to exchange heat with the flame, and a pressure valve 340 provided at one side of the drain port 330 of the water pipe 320. ).

That is, for example, if the heat exchange housing 310 has a cylindrical shape, a flame chamber is formed at the center of the cylindrical heat exchange housing 310, and the water pipe 320 of the cylindrical heat exchange housing 310 is adjacent to the flame chamber. By being wound along the inner wall and installed in a coil shape, heat exchange between the flame ejected from the combustion chamber of the combustor 200 into the flame chamber and the fluid flowing inside the water pipe 320 may be performed.

Here, the water pipe 320 may be a hot water pipe for hot water supply or a heating pipe for heating water supply, and if necessary, a double winding alternately wound the hot water pipe and the heating water pipe on the inner wall surface of the heat exchange housing 310. It may be configured in a coil shape.

On the other hand, a pressure valve 340 is installed on the drain port 330 side of the water pipe 320, which is used to provide a high temperature steam in addition to hot water or heating water, and adjusts the pressure valve 340. By compressing the hot water to a high pressure to provide a high temperature water vapor.

In the above, the specific Example of this invention was described above. However, the spirit and scope of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Those who have it will understand.

Therefore, since the embodiments described above are provided to completely inform the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, it should be understood that they are exemplary in all respects and not limited. The invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

The waste plastic boiler of the present invention can increase the generation rate of fuel gas using waste plastic in heating waste plastic and recycling it as fuel gas.

In addition, it is possible to completely burn the waste plastic residue that can not be converted into fuel gas to prevent environmental pollution.

In addition, in supplying direct water or heating water using fuel gas, the heat exchange rate can be increased.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a waste plastic boiler according to the present invention.

2 is a plan sectional view showing a gas generator of a waste plastic boiler according to the present invention.

3 is a side sectional view showing a gas generator of a waste plastic boiler according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a front sectional view showing a combustor of a waste plastic boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a front sectional view showing a combustor of a waste plastic boiler according to another embodiment of the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: gas generator 110: gas generating housing

120: hopper 130: feed screw

140: drive motor 150: gearbox

160: heating apparatus 200: combustor

210: combustion housing 211: pressure reducing portion

212: air spray nozzle 220: residue collection part

230: guide plate 240: coupling portion

250: auxiliary nozzle

Claims (8)

A gas generating housing in which a hollow part is formed along a longitudinal direction, a feed screw rotatably installed in the hollow part, a drive motor for rotating the feed screw, and a waste plastic to be introduced into the feed screw. A gas generator having a hopper installed on one side and a heating device installed in the housing to heat the injected waste plastic; A pressure chamber having a shape that is connected to an output end of the gas generator, a combustion chamber communicating with the hollow part is formed inside, and gradually increases in diameter in a direction toward the output side such that the pressure of the fuel gas ejected from the gas generator is reduced. A combustor having a combustion housing in which a reduction part is formed and an air injection nozzle installed in the combustion housing to supply combustion air to the combustion chamber, wherein the fuel gas supplied from the gas generator is ignited; And It is connected to the output terminal of the combustor, the flame chamber is formed in communication with the combustion chamber in the inner side is provided with a heat exchange housing which receives the flame generated by the ignition of the fuel gas and a water pipe installed in the heat exchange housing to exchange heat with the flame A heat exchanger; waste plastic boiler comprising a. The method of claim 1, Two conveying screws, the two screws are disposed parallel to each other, waste plastic boiler, characterized in that installed close to crush the waste plastic while rotating in engagement with each other. The method of claim 1, The heating device is a heater rod inserted into the gas generating housing in the longitudinal direction to generate heat by the electric energy, the heater rod is composed of three sub-heater rods, each of the sub-heater rod heat of different temperatures Waste plastic boiler, characterized in that it is controlled to generate. The method of claim 1, Waste plastic boiler, characterized in that the lower end of the combustion housing, the residue collection portion for collecting the waste plastic residue conveyed by the transfer screw is installed. The method of claim 4, wherein And the conveying screw protrudes up to the upper portion of the residue collecting portion so that the conveying screw is heated by the flame generated while the waste plastic residue collected in the residue collecting portion is burned. delete The method of claim 1, The air injection nozzle is installed in the pressure reducing portion, waste plastic boiler, characterized in that installed inclined toward the output side of the combustor to guide the flame generated by the combustion of the fuel gas to the heat exchanger side. The method of claim 1, The water pipe of the heat exchanger is inserted into the heat exchange housing, the waste plastic boiler, characterized in that wound around the combustion chamber.

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