KR100930621B1 - Heating cycling thermal cracking combustion apparatus using pressure vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A preheating/circulation type pyrolysis combustion device using a pressure vessel is provided to reduce a length of a screw and minimize an installation space by installing a melting screw and an evaporation screw in parallel, and commonly using a heating part. CONSTITUTION: A fuel feeder(100) feeds various solid fuel by a screw. A fuel generator(200) includes a first screw and a second screw(230). The first screw receives the solid fuel from the fuel feeder. The first screw melts the solid fuel by rotating and moving the solid fuel to one direction in a melting chamber(220). The second screw evaporates the fuel in an evaporating chamber(240) while moving the molten fuel to another direction. A heating part(250) heats the fuel by being installed to the first and second screw. A combustion part burns the solid fuel vaporized through the second screw.

Description

Heating cycling thermal cracking combustion apparatus using pressure vessel

The present invention relates to a preheating cycle pyrolysis combustion apparatus using a pressure vessel, and more particularly to a combustion apparatus for fuelizing and burning solid fuel.

In the process of industrialization and industrialization around the world, industrial wastes are flooded, and environmental problems are reaching serious levels. One such industrial waste may be waste plastics, and thus various methods for recycling waste plastics are disclosed.

The use of various plastic synthetic resins, including tires and vinyl, is increasing in daily life or on industrial sites. Only a small portion of these plastic resins are recycled after use, and most of them are classified as waste and landfilled or incinerated.

Among them, the method of embedding plastic as waste has a problem that it is difficult to secure a landfill, and the embedded waste does not rot well, contaminating soil and groundwater and generating bad smell.

Therefore, as one of the methods for recycling waste plastics, there have been many researches on producing waste fuels and using them as fuels, and are also widely used in practice. In the combustion method of the waste plastic solid fuel, the main focus should be on maximizing calorific value by completely burning the fuel and minimizing the emission of harmful gases caused by incomplete combustion.

In addition, the method of incineration of plastics as waste has to be combusted using fossil fuels such as gas or petroleum to incinerate the separately collected plastics, thus increasing the cost and environmental pollution of the use of fossil fuels, There was a problem that it is inefficient because the heat source can not be reused.

In order to solve the above problems, recently, by recycling the waste plastic as fuel, it is possible to process the waste plastic, as well as by heat exchange with the heat generated during this process can be reused for the supply of hot water or heating water. Boiler is being provided.

However, the conventional boiler has a low fuel gas generation rate for heating waste plastic to be converted into fuel gas, and thus there is a problem that the amount of fuel gas actually generated is small even when a large amount of waste plastic is used.

In addition, there is a problem that waste plastic residues that cannot be processed separately from waste plastic residues that cannot be converted into fuel gas should be landfilled as in the prior art.

In addition, in the combustion system that melts and vaporizes the solid fuel, the screw is disposed in the longitudinal direction and the fuel is melted and vaporized in one direction (combustion chamber), but this type of conventional structure has a large installation space constraint, There is a problem that a lot of cost is generated because the heating heater must be installed on the entire length of the screw.

The present invention for solving the above problems is to produce the final fuel efficiently while reducing the size of the device in the fuel of the solid fuel, by minimizing the heat loss to achieve cost savings due to the effective placement of the heating heater It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion apparatus capable of achieving fuelization and combustion.

In addition, it is an object of the present invention to maximize the combustion efficiency of the fuel supplied, and to provide a combustion device that can easily perform the after-treatment of residues generated after combustion.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pre-circulating pyrolysis combustion apparatus using a pressure vessel that receives a fuel type fuel and burns the fuel fueled solid fuel through melting and vaporization, and receives various solid fuels into the screw. The fuel supply unit is supplied to the first supply, the first screw is first injected into the solid fuel flows in one direction while rotating in the melting chamber and melted, and the molten solid raw material is supplied to rotate the opposite of the first screw The vaporizing unit in the vaporization chamber while flowing in the direction, the fuel generating unit consisting of a second screw located parallel to the first screw, the heating unit for heating the solid fuel supplied to each of the first screw and the second screw supplied And combustion to combust solid fuel vaporized through the second screw according to supply of external air. Characterized in that it comprises a part.

The combustion unit may further include an air supply unit for supplying external air to the inside of the main body, an air injection unit for injecting air supplied through the air supply unit in all directions in the combustion chamber, and circulate water supplied inside the main body. A pressure gauge for checking the pressure of the circulation path, a safety plate for discharging the pressure to the outside when the pressure of the circulation path is set to a predetermined value, and a residue removal unit provided at the bottom of the main body to collect unburned residues; It is characterized in that the configuration.

The heating unit may further include a first heating unit provided between the first screw and the second screw and a second heating unit provided at the lower end of the second screw.

In addition, the air injection unit is provided in all directions with a predetermined interval in communication with the circulation path is characterized in that for injecting air supplied through the air supply to the combustion chamber.

In addition, the fuel generation unit, characterized in that it further comprises a heat insulator for minimizing the heat loss to the upper side of the first screw, the heating unit is not formed.

The present invention constructed and operated as described above has a melting screw and a vaporizing screw side by side and uses a heating unit in common, thereby minimizing the installation space by reducing the length of the screw, and reducing energy consumption by using a common heating unit. There is an advantage to that.

In addition, it is possible to maximize the combustion efficiency by having an air injection unit injected in all directions in the combustion unit, and to achieve an effective operation by having a combustion residue and a residue holding sphere.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the preheating cyclic pyrolysis combustion apparatus using a pressure vessel according to the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion unit of the preheating-type pyrolysis combustion apparatus using the pressure vessel according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a front view showing a combustion part of the preheating-type pyrolysis combustion apparatus using the pressure vessel according to the present invention, Figure 4 A cross-sectional view showing a fuel supply unit and a fuel generating unit of a preheating cycle pyrolysis combustion apparatus using a pressure vessel according to the present invention, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the preheating cycle pyrolysis combustion apparatus using a pressure vessel according to the present invention.

The fuelizer using the solid raw material according to the present invention is a preheating-type pyrolysis combustion device using a pressure vessel that receives a solid fuel and burns the fueled solid fuel through melting and vaporization, and injects various solid fuels into the screw. The fuel supply unit 100 to be supplied by the first supply, and the first screw 210 to be melted by flowing in one direction while rotating in the melting chamber 220 by receiving solid fuel preferentially from the fuel supply unit supplies the molten raw material It is vaporized in the vaporization chamber 230 while receiving and flowing in the other direction, the fuel generating unit 200 consisting of a second screw 240 located in parallel with the first screw, the first screw and the second screw A heating unit 250 for heating the solid fuel, which is provided and supplied respectively, and a combustion for burning the solid fuel vaporized through the second screw according to the supply of external air. Characterized in that it comprises a portion 300.

The fuel supply unit 100 supplies solid fuel to fuel various types of solid fuels, which include combustible wastes such as waste plastics, papers, trees, rubber and leather, animal and vegetable residues, oils, and the like. , Slag, combustibles and dusts, building wastes, metal and super magnetics, waste lime, and the like. The fuel supply unit 100 is composed of a hopper 110 of a predetermined size for the first input of the solid fuel, and a screw 120 for transferring the solid raw material contained in the hopper while being rotated by the drive means.

Therefore, when the manager puts the target solid raw material to be fueled into the hopper, the solid fuel is supplied to the next stage by the rotation of the screw. At this time, the supply amount can be set by controlling the rotational speed of the screw.

The fuel generation unit 200 converts the solid raw material supplied to the fuel supply unit 100 into a combustible fuel through a melting step and a vaporization step, and includes a first screw 210 provided in the melting chamber 220. , A second screw 230 provided in the vaporization chamber 240 and a heating part 250 for heating the supplied solid fuel.

As the main technical gist of the present invention, the fuel generating unit 200 includes a first screw and a second screw side by side, and moves solid fuel introduced into one end of the first screw to the other side of the raw material in the second screw on the other side. If it flows back to one side. That is, the first and second screws provided side by side rotate in opposite directions, or rotate in the same direction, but have a structure in which the conveying wing forms an opposite direction to flow the solid raw materials in the opposite directions.

The fuel generating unit 200 is provided with a melting chamber 220 and a vaporization chamber 240 side by side for melting and vaporizing the solid raw material, one side of the melting chamber is in communication with the fuel supply unit 100 and the other side is the vaporization chamber and In communication with the molten fuel to flow therein, the vaporization chamber corresponding to the opposite side is connected to the combustion unit 300 to be described later to supply the fuel to be vaporized.

In addition, the fuel generation unit 200 is provided with a first heating unit 260 and a second heating unit 270 to melt the supplied solid fuel. In the present invention, the application of the heating unit can be reduced by the structure of the melting chamber and the vaporization chamber provided side by side. The first heating unit 260 is provided between the melting chamber and the vaporization chamber to provide heating heat during the melting and vaporization process, and the second heating unit 270 is provided on the vaporization chamber side to provide heating heat during fuel vaporization. .

That is, in the melting step, heat is supplied by the first heating unit, and the fuel transferred from the melting chamber to the gas chamber is vaporized by receiving heat from both the first heating unit and the second heating unit. Since the vaporization step requires higher heat than the melting step, an effective process can be achieved due to the combined action of the first and second heating parts.

In addition, the first and second heating unit is most preferably to apply an electric heater, it is designed to be separated so that the replacement is easy considering the consumables. Although not shown in the drawings, the heating unit can be selectively inserted and removed.

On the other hand, since the heating unit is not provided on the upper side of the fuel generating unit 200, the heat insulating unit 280 is provided to prevent heat loss to minimize the heat loss, if necessary to the place where the heat insulating unit is installed. The heating unit can be installed, which can be changed by designing the fuel generation unit in a molten form, which can be easily performed by those skilled in the art.

Combustion unit 300 is a means for heat exchange using the heat energy by burning the combustion fuel generated by the fuel generation unit in the present invention will be described in the application of the boiler in one embodiment.

The combustion unit 300 is a main body 370 of a predetermined size and the air supply unit 310 for introducing the air necessary to burn the supplied fuel from the outside, and the air supplied therefrom into the combustion chamber 380 A plurality of air injection unit 320, a circulation path 330 for circulating the heating water to heat the heating water through the heat burned in the combustion chamber, and a pressure check to discharge the pressure to the outside in the pressure check and abnormal pressure in the circulation path 340 and the safety plate 350, and the residue removal unit 360 that can remove the discharge and residues generated during combustion.

When the vaporized fuel and the solid fuel generated in the fuel generation unit 200 are mixed and injected into the combustion chamber 380 by a nozzle (not shown), the combustion is performed by ignition by an external device. In this case, the nozzle uses a nozzle designed to inject fuel at a predetermined pressure in consideration of the volume of the vaporization chamber, the size of the combustion chamber, the fuel supply speed, and the like.

At this time, the air supply unit 310 introduces external air into the combustion chamber by a separate pumping device or natural inflow, and the air injection unit 320 communicating therewith is provided in plural to be injected in all directions in the combustion chamber. Inject the space evenly to maximize the combustion efficiency.

The air injection part 320 is provided in the combustion chamber main body 370 and has a circulation path 330 that circulates the heating water in a cylindrical shape and is provided in all directions to penetrate the circulation path. That is, the combustion chamber is located at the center of the combustion chamber body, the circulation path is positioned to surround the combustion chamber, and the air injection unit 320 formed through the circulation path is provided with the air supplied by the air supply unit between the circulation path and the main body. .

In addition, the circulation passage is provided with a pressure gauge 340 for checking the internal pressure and a safety plate 350 for discharging the pressure to the outside when a predetermined pressure or more is provided for stable operation.

In addition, the combustion unit 300 has a residue removal unit 360 is installed at the bottom of the main body to collect and remove the residue generated during combustion. The residue removal unit 360 collects when the unburned residue generated after combustion falls to the floor, and a space of a predetermined size is provided for the driver to manually remove the residue. When the residue is accumulated, the driver opens the door. Just remove the residue.

The present invention configured as described above is configured and operated as described above is provided with a molten screw and a vaporization screw side by side and using a common heating unit can reduce the length of the screw to minimize the installation space, common use of the heating unit This has the advantage of reducing energy consumption.

In addition, the combustion unit may be provided with a plurality of air dispersing spheres to maximize combustion efficiency, and may be provided with combustion residues and residue holders to achieve effective operation.

While the invention has been described and illustrated in connection with a preferred embodiment for illustrating the principles of the invention, the invention is not limited to the construction and operation as shown and described.

Rather, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, all such suitable changes and modifications and equivalents should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a solid fuel combustion device according to the prior art,

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion part of a preheating-type pyrolysis combustion apparatus using a pressure vessel according to the present invention;

3 is a front view showing a combustion unit of the preheating-type pyrolysis combustion apparatus using the pressure vessel according to the present invention;

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a fuel supply unit and a fuel generation unit of a preheating-type pyrolysis combustion apparatus using a pressure vessel according to the present invention;

5 is an overall cross-sectional view of a preheating-type pyrolysis combustion apparatus using a pressure vessel according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: fuel supply unit 110: hopper

120: screw 200: fuel generating unit

210: first screw 220: melting chamber

230: second screw 240: vaporization room

250: heating part 260: first heating part

270: second heating portion 280: heat insulating portion

300: combustion unit 310: air supply unit

320: air inlet 330: water circuit

340: pressure gauge 350: safety valve

360: residue removal unit 370: main body

380: combustion chamber

Claims (5)

In the preheating cyclic pyrolysis combustor using a pressure vessel supplied with a solid fuel to burn fueled solid fuel through melting and vaporization, A fuel supply unit receiving various solid fuels and supplying the same by a screw; First fuel that is injected from the fuel supply unit preferentially inject the solid fuel and rotates in one direction while rotating in the melting chamber, and the vaporization chamber while flowing in the direction opposite to the first screw while receiving the molten solid raw material is rotated A fuel generation unit configured to be vaporized in the second screw, the second screw being positioned in parallel with the first screw; A heating unit for heating the solid fuel which is provided to the first screw and the second screw, respectively; And And a combustion unit configured to combust the solid fuel vaporized through the second screw according to the supply of external air. The heating unit includes a first heating unit provided between the first screw and the second screw, and a second heating unit provided at the lower end of the second screw; Device. The method of claim 1, wherein the combustion unit, An air supply unit for supplying external air to the inside of the main body; An air injection unit for injecting air supplied through the air supply unit in all directions in the combustion chamber; A circulation path provided to circulate water supplied inside the main body; A pressure gauge for checking the pressure in the circulation passage; Safety plate for discharging the pressure to the outside when the pressure of the circulation path is more than a predetermined; And Preheating-circuit type pyrolysis combustion apparatus using a pressure vessel, characterized in that it further comprises; a residue removal unit is provided at the bottom of the main body to collect the unburned residue. delete The method of claim 2, wherein the air injection portion, The preheating-circuit type pyrolysis combustion apparatus using a pressure vessel communicating with the circulation path and provided in all directions at predetermined intervals to inject air supplied through the air supply unit into the combustion chamber. The method of claim 1, wherein the fuel generation unit, Preheating-type pyrolysis combustion apparatus using a pressure vessel further comprises a heat insulating part for minimizing heat loss to the upper side of the first screw that does not form a heating portion.

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