KR100821622B1 - System for measuring structure deformation - Google Patents

Abstract

A hole displacement measuring apparatus, and a system are disclosed. The hole displacement measuring apparatus includes a non-contact distance measuring unit and an angle measuring unit. The non-contact distance measuring unit measures the distance from the displacement measuring position on the structure by using a non-contact distance measuring device, and the angle measuring unit measures the displacement measuring position and the relative angle of the distance measuring unit. Since the distance measurement for the hole displacement measurement is performed using a non-contact distance measuring device, the installation, management, and dismantling of the hole displacement measuring device is easy, there is no fear of deformation, the limitation of the length measurement is alleviated, and the closing error is generated. There is no concern.

Internal displacement, non-contact distance measurement, laser, tilt meter

Description

System for measuring structure deformation

1 is a view showing a conventional internal displacement measurement device.

2 is a view showing a conventional internal displacement measurement system.

Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of one embodiment of a hole displacement measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

4 is a diagram illustrating an example of measuring a distance using a laser;

5 shows an embodiment of a pore displacement measurement system according to the invention.

 The present invention relates to a measuring device for measuring displacement of a structure, such as a tunnel, and a system, and more particularly, to a measuring device for measuring the displacement of a hole in a structure, and a system.

Recently, a lot of construction has been carried out to expand social indirect capital, and accordingly, construction of tunnels is also underway. In addition, the tunnel construction is made by a number of new methods different from the past.

However, no matter what method is used, it is difficult to completely eliminate the uncertainties that may be a problem during the construction of the tunnel, a representative of which is geological uncertainty. In addition, there is a problem that a large accident due to the collapse of the tunnel structure may occur when the tunnel displacement occurs due to tunnel aging.

As such, the tunnel also becomes obsolete over time after construction, like a general structure, and may be different from the mechanical conditions at the time of construction due to the reconstruction and construction of other structures in the adjacent section. When this situation occurs, it affects the tunnel and depending on the extent, it also affects the structural safety of the tunnel.

Tunnel measurement is continuously carried out not only during the construction of the tunnel structure but also after the completion of the structure, so that the abnormality and change of the structure can be identified by the passage of time and environmental changes, and the result analysis step can be used to determine the safety of the structure. do.

The measurement position is preferably selected by investigating and analyzing the structural and material weakness of the structure, where the large external force and internal stress change is expected, or the section in which the obstacle is adjacent or the surrounding ground is poor. If the length is over 500m, it is common to manage the overall safety of the tunnel by performing measurement by including the general section as well as the problem section.

In general, internal displacement measurements are made at 10 to 30 meters, especially at shorter intervals, such as near the shaft, where the geology changes, where the division of construction changes, where the soil cover is thin (less than twice the diameter of the tunnel), There are places where the surface is tilted and geological weaknesses.

Such tunnel hole displacement measurement measures how much the lining cross section of the tunnel changes from the initial measured cross section. The measurement result is an important data for judging the danger of the tunnel.

Internal displacement measurements are made by arranging a number of measurement sensors in a line along the cross section of the lining, measuring the individual sensors, and comparing them with the initial measurements. In this case, the initial measured value means an initial measured value that is made when the measuring sensors are stabilized after the installation of the measuring sensor is finished.

1 is a view showing a conventional internal displacement measurement device.

According to FIG. 1, the measuring device includes a cylinder 20 having a length displacement sensor for measuring a change in length and an angle displacement sensor 30 and a cylinder (attached to one side of the cylinder 20 to measure an angle change). The piston 40 attached to one side of the 20 and reciprocating according to the length variation, the piston 50 fixed to the other side of the cylinder 20 in which the piston 40 is installed, and the hole displacement measuring device are fixed to the lining wall. Fastening bracket 60 (shown in FIG. 2) for the purpose of assembly.

As described above, the internal displacement measurement device includes a piston at both ends of the cylinder in which the length displacement sensor is incorporated, the piston is fixed to the cylinder, and the piston configured at the other end thereof reciprocates according to the change in length. The hole displacement is measured using the values generated by the length change sensor and the angle displacement sensor.

2 is a view showing a conventional internal displacement measurement system.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fixing bracket 60 is installed and fixed to the lining wall by the fixing bolt, and the hole displacement measuring device and the other hole displacement measuring device are connected through the fixing hole formed by the fixing bracket 60. .

As described above, the internal displacement measurement devices sequentially listed measure the length change through the length displacement measurement sensor configured in accordance with the moving distance of the piston, and measure the angle change by the angle displacement measurement sensor attached to the outside.

The relative deviation from the standard measured value of each point (measured at the time of installation), that is, the length and angle measured by the two sensors, is measured using an automatic measuring device. By changing the absolute displacement, the displacement cross section is calculated from the initial cross section to measure the hole displacement of the tunnel. That is, the angle displacement and the length displacement sensor are simultaneously measured by an angle displacement sensor and a length displacement sensor mounted on one bar, and the measured values are converted into two-dimensional coordinates using a trigonometric function to calculate the internal displacement.

However, the conventional hole displacement measuring system measures the length by using a hole displacement measuring device including a rod-shaped length measuring unit such as a cylinder and a piston, so that it is not only inconvenient to install and dismantle along the lining wall, but also to manage There was a problem in that the installation of the tunnel facilities.

In addition, the length measuring part may be deformed due to the deformation of the structure to be measured, the vibration of the vehicle, or an external impact such as wind power, and the length measurement is limited due to the length limitation of the rod for measuring the length. Since the vehicle must be moved to the bottom of the tunnel, there is a problem that a closing error occurs because it cannot be installed on the bottom of the tunnel.

 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is easy to install, manage, and dismantle, there is no fear of deformation, and the limitation of length measurement can be alleviated, and the air displacement measurement apparatus capable of correcting the closing error, And to provide a system.

In order to achieve the above object, the hole displacement measuring apparatus according to the present invention includes a non-contact distance measuring unit and an angle measuring unit. The non-contact distance measuring unit measures the distance from the displacement measuring position on the structure by using a non-contact distance measuring device, and the angle measuring unit measures the displacement measuring position and the relative angle of the distance measuring unit.

Since the distance measurement for the hole displacement measurement is performed by using a non-contact distance measuring device, it is easy to install, manage, and dismantle the hole displacement measuring device, there is no fear of device deformation, the limitation of the length measurement is alleviated, and the closing error Correction is possible.

The angle measuring unit may include a rotating unit rotating the distance measuring unit toward the displacement measuring position, and a rotating angle measuring unit measuring the rotating angle rotated by the rotating unit. The distance measuring unit rotates to face the displacement measuring position, and by measuring the rotated rotation angle, it is possible to measure the angular deformation of the structure.

In addition, the hole displacement measuring apparatus may further include a distance measuring unit, and a communication unit for transmitting the distance and angular displacement data measured from the angle measuring unit to the outside. Each of the hole displacement measuring devices transmits the displacement data to the outside through the communication unit, thereby calculating the hole displacement of the structure using all the transmitted displacement data.

 The communication unit may be a wireless communication device, and the distance measuring unit may measure the distance using a laser.

The hole displacement measuring system according to the present invention includes a plurality of hole displacement measuring devices that are installed along the hole of the structure.

Each hole displacement measuring device includes a distance measuring unit for measuring a distance from another adjacent hole displacement measuring device using a non-contact distance measuring device, and an angle measuring unit for measuring a relative angle with the other hole displacement measuring device for measuring the distance; The displacement calculation device may include a displacement calculation device that calculates the displacement of the hole in the structure by using the distance and the angular displacement data measured by the hole displacement measuring device.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a hole displacement measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

In FIG. 3, the internal displacement measuring apparatus 100 includes a non-contact distance measuring unit 110, an angle measuring unit 120, and a communication unit 130. The non-contact distance measuring unit 110 measures the distance from the displacement measuring position on the structure using the non-contact distance measuring apparatus, and the angle measuring unit 120 measures the displacement measuring position and the relative angle of the distance measuring unit.

Non-contact distance measurement is a method of measuring distances without physical contact at both ends of a measurement section. For example, distance measurement using laser or ultrasonic waves is a typical example. Those skilled in the art can employ various other non-contact distance measurement methods that can be considered.

Lasers are widely used in industrial, medical, civil, military, and the like. Recently, a system using a laser and a linear CCD sensor has been developed and commercialized for non-contact and accurate micro displacement measurement, structure tilt measurement, vibration measurement, and distance measurement.

The light from which the laser light output from the laser diode is reflected, absorbed, or scattered by the measurement object is measured and analyzed by a measurement unit to obtain desired information. In this case, when a linear CCD sensor having a one-dimensional array of photoelectric sensors is used as a measuring unit, the spatial resolution can be reduced to 1 μm or less by a combination of physical spatial resolution and optical method, thereby quantitatively evaluating micro displacement.

The linear CCD sensor is composed of photoelectric sensors arranged in one dimension and outputs light information as an analog voltage. The A / D converter is required to input and analyze the data in the computer, and it is composed of a hardware unit for driving the CCD and acquiring data at high speed, and software for analyzing waveforms in the microcomputer.

4 is a diagram illustrating an example of measuring a distance using a laser. 4 shows the principle of measuring the micro distance using a laser and a linear CCD.

Light reflected at any distance from the laser light source is incident on the linear CCD sensor. In the case of the close d1, the highest value of the light source is located at the x1 position, which is the left side of the linear CCD sensor, and in the case of the distance d3, the highest value of the light source is located at the x3 position, which is the right side of the linear CCD sensor.

Knowing the distance between the laser light source and the linear CCD sensor and the incident angle of the laser light source, the distance to the point to be measured may be calculated by the position of the highest value incident on the CCD sensor.

In general, the light incident on the CCD sensor is scattered and contains noise. Therefore, the output data should be averaged to obtain the highest value. It can also be used as a micro displacement meter because it can measure micro depth or distance displacement.

In general, a total beam mirror is used in which an optical mirror is attached to the measurement position to use light totally reflected from the light source, but a direct projection method in which one of the light source and the measurement unit is mounted at the measurement position ( Difffused Beam Object may be used in which total light) or diffusely reflected light is collected using a condenser lens.

In the present invention, since the distance measurement for the measurement of the hole displacement is performed using a non-contact distance measuring device, the installation and dismantling of the hole displacement measuring device is easy, there is no fear of deformation, the limitation of the length measurement is alleviated, and the closing error correction This becomes possible.

The angle measuring unit 120 may include a rotating unit 122 rotating the distance measuring unit toward the displacement measuring position, and a rotating angle measuring unit 124 measuring the rotating angle rotated by the rotating unit 122. The distance measuring unit 110 is rotated by the rotating unit 122 to face the displacement measuring position, and the rotating angle measuring unit 124 measures the rotated angle of rotation to measure the angular deformation of the structure.

The rotating unit 122 may be implemented to automatically face the displacement measuring position by a sensor, a control circuit, and a driving device such as a motor, or may be implemented to adjust a direction by a person. In addition, the rotation angle measuring unit 124 may be implemented to obtain a rotation angle from a tilt difference measured using a tilt meter or the like.

However, such an implementation method is exemplary of various measurement methods, and those skilled in the art may employ any other method in which the hole displacement measuring apparatus 100 may measure a relative angle with a measurement position.

In addition, the internal displacement measuring apparatus 100 may further include a distance measuring unit 110 and a communication unit 130 for transmitting the distance and angular displacement data measured from the angle measuring unit 120 to the outside. Each of the hole displacement measuring apparatuses 100 installed in the hole displacement measuring system transmits displacement data to the outside through the communication unit 130, thereby calculating the hole displacement of the structure using all the transmitted displacement data.

 The communication unit may be a wireless communication device, in which case the advantage of employing a contactless distance measuring method will be further increased.

 5 is a view showing an example of a hole displacement measuring system according to the present invention.

In FIG. 5, the hole displacement measuring system includes a plurality of hole displacement measuring devices 210 to 250 installed around the hole of the structure. Each hole displacement measuring device 210 measures a distance from another adjacent hole displacement measuring device 220 using a non-contact distance measuring device, and measures a relative angle with another hole displacement measuring device having measured the distance.

As described above, since the distance measurement for measuring the hole displacement is performed using the non-contact distance measuring device, the installation, management, and dismantling of the hole displacement measuring device is easy, there is no fear of deformation, and the limitation of the length measurement is alleviated.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the hole displacement measurement may be performed through the tunnel floor using the non-contact hole displacement measuring apparatus 250, and thus the closing error correction of the hole displacement may be corrected.

The hole displacement measuring system includes a displacement calculator 300 that calculates a hole displacement of a structure using distance and angular displacement data measured by each hole displacement measuring device 210 to 250.

In particular, the displacement calculator 300 may receive data wirelessly from each internal displacement, and does not require wired wiring between devices, thereby increasing the effect of non-contact distance measurement.

According to the present invention, there is no need for a rod-shaped distance measuring device installed along the inner wall of the structure, so that the installation, management, and dismantling of the hole displacement device is easy, and there is no fear of deformation of the hole displacement device due to deformation of the structure. Limitation of measurement is relaxed.

In addition, since the deformation of the structure can be measured through the bottom of the structure, the closing error can be corrected.

Although the present invention has been described in terms of some preferred embodiments, the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, but should be construed as modifications or improvements of the embodiments supported by the claims.

Claims (10)

delete delete delete delete delete A hole displacement measuring system including a plurality of hole displacement measuring devices installed around the hole of the structure, Each hole displacement measuring device A distance measuring unit for measuring a distance from another adjacent hole displacement measuring device using a non-contact distance measuring device; And And an angle measuring unit measuring a relative angle with the other hole displacement device having measured the distance. The method of claim 6, wherein the angle measuring unit A rotating unit rotating the distance measuring unit toward the adjacent other internal displacement measuring apparatus; And And a rotation angle measuring unit measuring a rotation angle rotated by the rotating unit. The method of claim 6, And a displacement calculation device for calculating a hole displacement of the structure using distance and angular displacement data measured by each hole displacement measuring device. The method of claim 8, The displacement calculation device is a displacement measurement system, characterized in that for receiving the distance and angular displacement data wirelessly from the hole displacement measuring device. The method of claim 6, The distance measuring unit is a hole displacement measuring system, characterized in that for measuring the distance using a laser.

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