KR100799767B1 - Lubricating structure of reciprocating comrpessor - Google Patents

Abstract

A structure of lubrication passageway is provided for circulating lubrication oil efficiently in swash plate type compressors by injecting lubrication oil to the swash plate chamber after delivering separated lubrication oil from an oil separator to a mechanical seal through a lubrication passageway. A structure of lubrication oil passageway includes a lubrication oil supply passageway(160) which is a through-hole formed between an oil separator(700) in a rear housing(130) and a mechanical seal(400) in a front housing(120) by passing through a cylinder block(110), an oil injection passageway(170) formed between the mechanical seal and a swash plate chamber(121) in the front housing, and a lubrication oil discharge passageway(141) between the swash plate chamber and a valve plate(300) so as to deliver oil discharged from the discharge passageway to the lubrication oil supply passageway for circulation.

Description

Lubrication structure of reciprocating compressor {LUBRICATING STRUCTURE OF RECIPROCATING COMRPESSOR}

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a lubrication structure of a conventional reciprocating compressor

2 is a cross-sectional view showing the lubrication structure of the reciprocating compressor according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

110: cylinder block 110a: cylinder bore

120: front housing 121: slate chamber

130: rear housing 140: drive shaft

141: oil discharge passage 150: swash plate

160: oil supply passage 161: closing cap

162: auxiliary oil injection passage 170: oil injection passage

200: piston 201: shoe

300: valve plate 310: inlet

320: discharge port 400: mechanical seal

700: oil separator 710: internal recess

720: external recess 730: oil outlet

740: guide wall 741: refrigerant introduction groove

770: fitting projection 1000: swash plate compressor

The present invention relates to a lubrication structure of a reciprocating compressor, and more particularly, to supply oil separated through an oil separator to the mechanical chamber through an oil supply passage formed in the housing, and then spray the oil to the entire swash chamber to more smoothly. A lubrication structure of a reciprocating compressor that can be supplied.

In general, a general reciprocating compressor commonly used as a compressor of a vehicle air conditioner is commonly provided with a piston, a piston drive device, a cylinder block and a valve.

As a representative example of such a reciprocating compressor, swash plate compressors are used in recent years.

In the swash plate type compressor, the inclination angle of the swash plate is changed according to the change of the heat load to achieve precise movement control by controlling the feed amount of the piston, and at the same time, the inclination angle of the swash plate is continuously changed to thereby abruptly change the torque of the engine by the compressor. It is characterized in that it is possible to improve the riding comfort of the vehicle even while the compressor is running.

In the reciprocating compressor, the refrigerant is sucked from the suction chamber, compressed by the piston, and the compressed refrigerant is discharged to the discharge chamber and sent to the cooling cycle.

Since some oil is mixed in the refrigerant discharged to the discharge chamber in this process, it is necessary to separate it and release only pure refrigerant gas. This is because the presence of oil in the refrigeration cycle increases flow path resistance, impedes heat transfer and lowers overall system efficiency.

Looking at the conventional swash plate compressor as described above with reference to Figure 1 as follows.

The swash plate type compressor may include a front housing 120 and a rear housing 130, a cylinder block 110 disposed between the front housing 120 and the rear housing 130, and a cylinder of the cylinder block 110. A piston 200 reciprocating within 110a, a drive shaft 140 disposed in the housings 120 and 130 and driving the piston 200 by transmitting rotational movement from external power, and the plurality of Is connected to the piston 200 of the swash plate 150 is connected to the drive shaft 140 by a connecting link 600, and the swash plate chamber 121 is accommodated.

In addition, an oil separator 700 is installed near the discharge chamber 132 of the rear housing 130. The oil separator 700 is installed in the rear housing 130 by using centrifugal force, and is connected to the control valve 800.

Thereafter, the oil separated through the oil separator 700 is supplied to a portion requiring lubrication, and the gas refrigerant is joined to the refrigerant cycle through the refrigerant outlet.

In addition, the swash plate type compressor has an oil lubrication structure as shown by the arrow shown in FIG. 1 and can significantly reduce friction of elements driven through the oil lubrication structure.

However, the conventional oil lubrication structure has a problem that the oil is not evenly sprayed because the oil is injected after the movement of the oil to the front of the swash chamber through the cylinder block inside, so that the friction of the drive element coupled to the front of the swash chamber There was a problem caused by wear and noise.

Moreover, there is a problem in that the temperature of the entire compressor is increased because oil is not uniformly injected into the swash plate chamber.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to move the oil separated through the oil separator to the mechanical chamber through the oil supply passage, and then to the lubrication structure to be injected into the swash chamber The present invention provides a lubrication structure of a reciprocating compressor that can supply oil more smoothly by forming.

The lubrication structure of the reciprocating compressor of the present invention for achieving the above object is a front housing with a swash plate chamber, a rear housing with an oil separator, and a plurality of cylinder bores installed between the front and rear housings. A drive shaft having both ends thereof rotatably supported by the front housing and the cylinder block via a cylinder block, a mechanical seal, a swash plate connected to the drive shaft so that the inclination angle can be changed while rotating, and the swash plate; A piston that is reciprocally accommodated in the cylinder bore by a sliding movement of the cylinder bore, a valve plate installed at one end of the cylinder block and having a suction port and a discharge port, and a suction chamber formed in the rear housing via the valve plate and discharged. In the reciprocating compressor consisting of a seal, the front and rear housing, An oil supply passage is formed in the cylinder block so that the oil separator and the mechanical seal communicate with each other; An oil injection passage is formed in the front housing so that the mechanical chamber and the swash plate chamber communicate with each other; An oil discharge passage is formed in the cylinder block so that the swash plate chamber and the valve plate communicate with each other, and the oil discharged through the oil discharge passage has a circulation structure supplied to the oil supply passage.

Here, an auxiliary oil injection passage is formed in the front housing so that the swash plate chamber and the oil supply passage communicate with each other.

In addition, near the swash plate chamber of the front housing is characterized in that the closing cap for selectively opening and closing the oil supply passage and the outside is installed.

In addition, a filter nozzle is installed between the refrigerant gas passage and the suction port of the valve plate.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 2. In describing the present invention, the same parts as in the prior art will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.

The reciprocating compressor 1000 of the present invention is capable of rotating in the front and rear housings 120 and 130, the cylinder block 110 having a plurality of cylinder bores 110a, and the cylinder block 110. The drive shaft 140 is supported, the swash plate 150 is connected to the drive shaft 140 by a connecting link 600 and installed so that the inclination angle can be changed while rotating, and by the sliding movement with the swash plate 150 The rear housing 130 via the piston 200 accommodated in the cylinder bore 110a so as to be reciprocated, the valve plate 300 installed at one end of the cylinder block 110, and the valve plate 300. It consists of a suction chamber 131 and a discharge chamber 132 formed in the).

The front and rear housings 120 and 130 are installed at the side of the cylinder block 110, respectively, and a valve plate 300 is installed between the rear housing 130 and the cylinder block 110.

In addition, a suction chamber 131 and a discharge chamber 132 are formed in the rear housing 130, respectively, and a suction port 310 communicating the cylinder bore 110a and the suction chamber 131 to the valve plate 300. ) And a discharge port 320 for communicating the cylinder bore 110a and the discharge chamber 132 are formed.

In addition, the suction port 310 and the discharge port 320 formed in the valve plate 300, the suction port for opening and closing the suction port 310 and the discharge port 320 by the pressure change according to the reciprocating motion of the piston 200. A valve and a discharge valve are respectively provided.

The cylinder block 110 is formed with a plurality of cylinder bores 110a, and the refrigerant introduced from the suction chamber 131 is continuously compressed by the piston 200 reciprocating through the cylinder bore 110a. do.

The drive shaft 140 is rotatably supported at both ends through the mechanical chamber 400 through the bearing 410 at the front housing 120 and the cylinder block 110, and a power source is coupled to one end through the power source. Will rotate.

The swash plate 150 is slidably coupled to the piston 200 via the shoe 201.

Furthermore, the swash plate 150 is connected to the drive shaft 140 through a link structure.

That is, the link structure is connected to each of the connecting protrusions 155 formed before and after the swash plate 150, and the connecting protrusions 155 and the driving shaft 140, respectively, through the hinge pins 610. It consists of a link 600.

Accordingly, the connection link 600 and the connection protrusion 155 may be hinged with respect to the drive shaft 140.

Here, the oil separator 700 is built into the discharge chamber 132 of the rear housing 130.

That is, since some refrigerant is contained in the refrigerant sucked from the discharge chamber 132 of the rear housing 130, the oil is separated by centrifugal force through the oil separator 700, so that only the pure gaseous refrigerant is used as the refrigerant cycle. Can be distributed through.

In more detail, the oil separator 700 includes an inner recess 710 having a gas outlet 711 and an outer circumference formed along a circumference of the inner recess 710 and communicating with the discharge port 330. And a recess 720 and an oil outlet 730 communicating from the inner recess 710 to the control valve 800.

Furthermore, when viewed from the axial direction, the inlet of the coolant introduction groove 741 is formed in a smooth curved shape, it is possible to introduce a smoother coolant.

In addition, the inlet of the coolant introduction groove 741 may have the smoothest curved shape so that the coolant flows smoothly.

In addition, when viewed from the axial direction, if the guide wall 740 is circular, it is possible to introduce a smoother refrigerant.

The reciprocating compressor configured as described above is provided with a lubrication structure for uniformly injecting oil therein.

The lubrication structure of the reciprocating compressor is a mechanical chamber 400 installed between the housing 120, 130 and the cylinder block 110 between the oil separator 700, the front housing 120, and one end of the drive shaft 140. The oil supply passage 160 is formed to communicate with each other.

That is, the oil supply passage 160 is for supplying the oil in which the refrigerant is separated by the oil separator 700 to the mechanical chamber 400, from the end of the oil outlet 730 of the oil separator 700. The rear housing 130, the cylinder block 110, and the front housing 120 are connected in communication with the mechanical chamber 400 installed at the front end of the drive shaft 140.

Here, a control valve 800 is installed between the oil supply passage 160 and the oil outlet 730, and more smoothly supplies oil through the control valve 800.

In addition, an auxiliary oil injection passage 162 is formed on the bottom surface of the swash plate chamber 121 to communicate with the oil supply passage 160.

That is, the auxiliary oil injection passage 162 is formed so that the swash plate chamber 121 and the oil supply passage 160 communicate with each other inside the front housing 120, and are supplied through the oil supply passage 160. Some of the oil is sprayed upward from the bottom surface of the swash plate chamber 121.

In addition, the front housing 110 is provided with a closing cap 161 for selectively opening and closing the oil supply passage 160 and the outside in the vicinity of the swash plate chamber 121, through the closing cap 161 The oil loaded in the oil supply passage 160 may be discharged to the outside.

The mechanical chamber 400 is to seal between one end of the drive shaft 140 and the front housing 120, and the oil injection passage 170 to communicate with the swash plate chamber 121 formed in the front housing 120. Is formed.

That is, the oil injection passage 170 is for injecting the oil supplied to the mechanical chamber 400 through the oil supply passage 160 into the swash plate chamber 121, through which the mechanical coupling inside the swash chamber Oil is injected to the drive shaft 140, the connecting link 600 and the swash plate 150 having a structure.

The swash plate chamber 121 is connected to the oil discharge passage 141.

The oil discharge passage 141 is formed to communicate with the swash plate chamber 121 and the valve plate 300 to discharge oil loaded in the swash plate chamber 121, and the piston 200 and the driving shaft ( It is formed in the cylinder block 110 between the 140.

Thereafter, the oil discharged through the oil discharge passage 141 has a circulation structure supplied to the oil supply passage 160.

Here, the oil discharged through the oil discharge passage 141 includes a small amount of refrigerant gas, the refrigerant gas contained in the oil is the suction chamber of the rear housing 130 through the refrigerant gas passage of the valve plate 300. 131 is supplied.

Then, a small amount of oil contained in the refrigerant gas is separated by the centrifugal force through the oil separator 700 to distribute only pure gaseous refrigerant through the refrigerant cycle, and the separated small amount of oil is controlled through the control valve 800. It has a circulation structure that is supplied to the oil supply passage 160.

Here, the filter nozzle 180 is configured between the passage of the refrigerant gas and the suction port 310 to remove foreign substances contained in the refrigerant gas and oil through the filter nozzle 180.

Referring to the oil circulation process of the lubrication structure of the reciprocating compressor is configured as follows.

In the reciprocating compressor, when the refrigerant is sucked in from the suction chamber 131 of the rear housing 130, the drive shaft 140 is rotated by an external power source, and the swash plate 150 is successively swash plate 150 by the drive shaft 140. It rotates inclined in the chamber 121, thereby compressing the refrigerant while the piston 200 reciprocates, and discharges the compressed refrigerant to the discharge chamber 132 to send to the cooling cycle.

Here, the refrigerant compressed and discharged by the piston 200 passes through the oil separator 700, and the refrigerant from which the oil is separated is discharged into the refrigerant cycle through the discharge port 320, and the oil separated from the refrigerant is the oil outlet 730. It is transferred to the control valve 800 through).

As described above, the oil flowing into the control valve 800 is supplied to the oil supply passage 160, and the oil transferred through the oil supply passage 160 is supplied to the mechanical chamber 400, and then the oil injection passage ( The oil is injected into the swash plate 150, the connection link 600, the drive shaft 140 and the piston 200 mechanically coupled to the inside of the swash plate chamber 121 through 170.

In addition, some of the oil transferred through the oil supply passage 160 is a swash plate 150, a connecting link 600, a drive shaft having a coupling structure located below the swash plate chamber 121 through the auxiliary oil injection passage 162. Oil is injected to the 140 and the piston (200).

Here, when the oil needs to be replaced for a long time, the closing cap 161 is opened to discharge the oil to the outside of the front housing 120.

The oil injected into the swash plate chamber 121 is discharged through the oil discharge passage 141 formed in the cylinder block 110 as described above, and is supplied to the oil supply passage 160 to recirculate.

Here, the oil discharged through the oil discharge passage 141 includes a refrigerant, and the refrigerant contains a small amount of oil through the refrigerant gas passage of the valve plate 300 in the suction chamber of the rear housing 130. 131 is supplied.

After the refrigerant and the oil are separated through the oil separator 700, the separated refrigerant is distributed through a refrigerant cycle, and the separated oil is supplied to the control valve 800 through the oil outlet 730, and then the oil is supplied. It has a circulation structure that is supplied to the passage (160).

The above arrangement represents only one embodiment and may be applied by one skilled in the art to other general reciprocating compressors including pistons, cylinder blocks, piston drive means, housings and valve arrangements in addition to swash plate compressors.

As described above, the present invention has the effect of lubricating the inside of the compressor more efficiently through the configuration of the lubrication structure of the reciprocating compressor.

In addition, by injecting oil into the upper and lower swash plate chamber of the reciprocating compressor, it is possible to supply the oil more uniformly and stably to the coupling element mechanically coupled, thereby significantly preventing the friction force from occurring.

Claims (4)

A front housing having a swash plate chamber, a rear housing having an oil separator, a cylinder block installed between the front and rear housings, and having a plurality of cylinder bores, and both ends of the front housing and the cylinder block via a mechanical seal. A drive shaft which is rotatably supported on the drive shaft, a swash plate connected to the drive shaft so that the inclination angle can be changed while rotating, and a piston that is reciprocally movable in the cylinder bore by sliding the swash plate; A reciprocating compressor comprising a valve plate installed at one end of the cylinder block and having a suction port and a discharge port, and a suction chamber and a discharge chamber formed in the rear housing via the valve plate. An oil supply passage is formed in the front and rear housings and the cylinder block so that the oil separator and the mechanical seal communicate with each other; An oil injection passage is formed in the front housing so that the mechanical chamber and the swash plate chamber communicate with each other; An oil discharge passage is formed in the cylinder block so that the swash plate chamber and the valve plate communicate with each other, and the oil discharged through the oil discharge passage has a circulation structure supplied to the oil supply passage. Lubrication structure. The method of claim 1, Lubricating structure of the reciprocating compressor, characterized in that the auxiliary oil injection passage is formed in the front housing in communication with the swash plate chamber and the oil supply passage. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Lubricating structure of the reciprocating compressor, characterized in that the closing cap for selectively opening and closing the oil supply passage and the outside is installed in the vicinity of the swash plate chamber of the front housing. The method of claim 3, wherein Lubricating structure of the reciprocating compressor, characterized in that the filter nozzle is installed between the refrigerant gas passage and the suction port of the valve plate.

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