KR100706525B1 - A method of manufacturing a ferritic stainless steels with good ridging properties - Google Patents

A method of manufacturing a ferritic stainless steels with good ridging properties Download PDF

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KR100706525B1
KR100706525B1 KR1020050127408A KR20050127408A KR100706525B1 KR 100706525 B1 KR100706525 B1 KR 100706525B1 KR 1020050127408 A KR1020050127408 A KR 1020050127408A KR 20050127408 A KR20050127408 A KR 20050127408A KR 100706525 B1 KR100706525 B1 KR 100706525B1
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less
stainless steel
ferritic stainless
shear strain
present
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이종석
박수호
채동철
손성강
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주식회사 포스코
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
    • C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 16~20% 크롬(Cr)을 함유한 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 리징성을 개선하기 위한 제조방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 중량%로, C 0.05% 이하, Ti 0.7%이하, Si 1.0% 이하, Mn 1.0% 이하, P 0.04%이하, S 0.03%이하, Cr 16.0~22%, Ni 0.5% 이하, Mo 1.0% 이하, N 0.05% 이하, Cu 1.0%이하, Al 0.15% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 기타 통상적인 불순물로 이루어진 스테인레스강의 제조에 있어서, 상기와 같이 조성된 페라이트계 스테인레스강 슬라브를 열간 압연할 때 마무리 압연 공정에서의 마찰 계수를 조절하고 누적 전단 변형율이 1이상이 되게 하며 리징 높이(mm)가 20㎛이하가 되는 조건으로 마무리 압연하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리징 특성이 우수한 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 제조 방법을 제공한다. The present invention relates to a manufacturing method for improving the ridging property of ferritic stainless steel containing 16-20% chromium (Cr). In the present invention, by weight%, C 0.05% or less, Ti 0.7% or less, Si 1.0% or less, Mn 1.0% or less, P 0.04% or less, S 0.03% or less, Cr 16.0 to 22%, Ni 0.5% or less, Mo 1.0 In the production of stainless steel consisting of% or less, N 0.05% or less, Cu 1.0% or less, Al 0.15% or less, balance Fe and other conventional impurities, the finish rolling when hot rolling the ferritic stainless steel slab formed as described above The present invention provides a method for producing ferritic stainless steel having excellent leasing characteristics, characterized by adjusting the friction coefficient in the process, making the cumulative shear strain be 1 or more, and finishing rolling under the condition that the leaching height (mm) is 20 µm or less. .

페라이트계 스테인레스강, 리징, 전단변형 Ferritic Stainless Steel, Leasing, Shear Strain

Description

리징 특성이 개선된 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 제조 방법 {a method of manufacturing a ferritic stainless steels with good ridging properties}Method for manufacturing a ferritic stainless steels with good ridging properties

도 1은 본 발명에 관한 마무리 압연롤의 마찰 계수 변화에 따라 유한요소법으로 해석한 마무리 압연 공정에서의 누적 전단변형율(E13)를 나타낸 그래프이다. 1 is a graph showing the cumulative shear strain E13 in the finish rolling process analyzed by the finite element method according to the change in the friction coefficient of the finish rolling roll according to the present invention.

본 발명은 리징 특성이 우수한 페라이트 스테인레스강의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 건축자재, 주방용기, 가전제품 등에 주로 사용되는 16~20% 크롬(Cr)을 함유한 냉연판재를 제조함에 있어서 리징특성을 개선하기 위한 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing ferritic stainless steel with excellent leasing properties, and particularly, in the manufacture of cold rolled sheet materials containing 16-20% chromium (Cr), which are mainly used in building materials, kitchen containers, and home appliances. It relates to a method for producing a ferritic stainless steel for.

일반적으로 페라이트(ferrite)계 스테인레스강은 성형가공 시 주름형태의 표면결함이 발생되는데 이러한 현상을 리징(ridging)이라 부른다. 리징의 발생원인은 근원적으로 주조조직 내 주상정의 발달에 기인한다. 즉, 일정 방위를 갖는 주상정이 압연 또는 소둔 공정에서 파괴되지 않고 잔류하는 경우 인장가공 시 주변의 재 결정 조직과 상이한 폭 및 두께방향으로 변형거동을 나타내어 리징 결함으로 표출된다. 이러한 리징결함은 제품의 외관을 나쁘게 할 뿐만 아니라 리징이 심하게 발생할 경우 성형 후에 추가의 연마공정을 필요로 하므로 최종제품의 제조단가를 상승시키는 원인이 된다.In general, ferrite-based stainless steel has wrinkled surface defects during forming, which is called ridging. The cause of leasing is primarily due to the development of columnar tablets in the casting structure. That is, when columnar tablets having a certain orientation remain undestructed in the rolling or annealing process, they exhibit deformation behavior in a width and thickness direction different from those of the surrounding recrystallized tissue during tensile processing, and are expressed as ridging defects. This ridging defect not only deteriorates the appearance of the product, but also causes the increase of the manufacturing cost of the final product, because if the ridging occurs badly, an additional polishing process is required after molding.

그 동안 많은 연구가들에 의해 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 리징성을 개선시키는 다양한 제조방법이 제안되어 왔다. 그 중에서 일본 사와타니(Sawatani)의 연구보고 (Nippon Steel Tech. Report, 21(1983), p.275)와 같이 등축정율 비를 향상시켜 주상정의 분율을 줄임에 의해 리징성을 개선하는 방법이 알려져 있다. 이러한 등축정율 제어는 리징을 유발하는 근원적 원인을 해결하는 방법이며, 통상의 압연에 의하여 리징특성이 우수한 강판을 얻기 위해서는 등축정율의 하한이 60% 수준이 되어야 한다. Many researchers have proposed various manufacturing methods to improve the ridging property of ferritic stainless steel. Among them, the method of improving the ridging property by reducing the fraction of columnar tablets by improving the ratio of equiaxed fractions, such as Sawatani's research report (Nippon Steel Tech. Report, 21 (1983), p.275), is known. have. Such isotropic rate control is a method of solving the root cause of the leasing, and the lower limit of the isotropic rate should be 60% level in order to obtain a steel sheet having excellent leasing characteristics by ordinary rolling.

또한, 제조공정 중에서 공정변수를 조절을 통한 리징억제의 대표적 사례로서, 재결정을 촉진시키기 위하여 열간압연온도을 제어하는 방법(JP1975-016616, JP2000-256748), 열간압연 압하율을 제어하는 방법(JP2000-256748), 소둔 온도 등의 적정화를 도모하는 방법(JP1983-199822), 냉연 재결정회수 증가를 위한 냉연 시 중간소둔공정의 추가를 통한 리징 개선 방법(JP1989-118341)등과 같은 다양한 리징 특성 향상 방법이 공지되어 왔다. In addition, as a representative example of ridging suppression by adjusting process variables in the manufacturing process, a method of controlling hot rolling temperature to promote recrystallization (JP1975-016616, JP2000-256748), and a method of controlling hot rolling reduction rate (JP2000- 256748), various methods of improving the leasing characteristics, such as the method of promoting the annealing temperature, etc. Has been.

그러나, 전술한 바와 같이 리징성 개선을 위해서는 슬라브 등축정율과 같은 주조조직의 개선뿐만 아니라, 제조 공정 변수들의 조절 또한 중요하다. 특히, 낮은 등축정율에 기인하여 발생할 수 있는 최종 냉연제품의 리징성 불량을 억제하기 위해서 열연 공정에서 공정 조건 관리가 필수적으로 요구된다. However, as described above, in order to improve the ridging property, it is important not only to improve the casting structure such as slab equiaxed crystal but also to control the manufacturing process parameters. In particular, in order to suppress the ridging property of the final cold rolled product which may occur due to the low equiaxed crystallinity, process condition management is essential in the hot rolling process.

따라서, 본 발명은 상기의 요망에 의하여 안출된 것으로, 등축정율이 낮은 소재로부터 발생하는 최종 냉연소재의 리징성 불량율을 저하시키기 위해서 열간 압연할 때 마무리 압연 롤과 압연 소재의 마찰 계수를 조절하여 마무리 압연 공정의 누적전단변형율을 관리하여 압연하는 것을 특징을 하는 리징 특성이 우수한 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 제조 방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. Accordingly, the present invention has been made in accordance with the above-described requirements, by adjusting the coefficient of friction between the finish rolling roll and the rolled material during hot rolling in order to reduce the ridging defect rate of the final cold rolled material produced from the material having a low equiaxed crystallinity It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a ferritic stainless steel having excellent leasing characteristics, characterized by rolling by controlling the cumulative shear strain of the rolling process.

본 발명은 상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 중량%로, C 0.05% 이하, Ti 0.7%이하, Si 1.0% 이하, Mn 1.0% 이하, P 0.04%이하, S 0.03%이하, Cr 16.0~22%, Ni 0.5% 이하, Mo 1.0% 이하, N 0.05% 이하, Cu 1.0%이하, Al 0.15% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 기타 통상적인 불순물로 이루어진 스테인레스강 슬라브를 열간 압연할 때 마무리 압연 롤과 압연 소재의 마찰 계수를 조절하고 누적 전단 변형율이 1 이상이 되게 하며 리징 높이가 20㎛ 이하가 되는 조건으로 마무리 압연하는 것을 특징으로 하는리징 특성이 우수한 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 제조 방법을 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in weight%, C 0.05% or less, Ti 0.7% or less, Si 1.0% or less, Mn 1.0% or less, P 0.04% or less, S 0.03% or less, Cr 16.0 to 22%, Friction between finish rolls and rolled materials when hot rolling stainless steel slab consisting of Ni 0.5% or less, Mo 1.0% or less, N 0.05% or less, Cu 1.0% or less, Al 0.15% or less, balance Fe and other common impurities Provided is a method for producing ferritic stainless steel having excellent leasing characteristics, characterized in that the coefficient is adjusted, the cumulative shear strain is 1 or more, and the finish rolling is carried out under the condition that the ridging height is 20 µm or less.

이하, 본 발명에 대하여 첨부 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

먼저 본 발명에 적용되는 소재의 강은 이미 공지되어 있는 안정화 페라이트계 스테인레스강이다. 리징 결함을 일으키는 것으로 알려진 {001}<110> 방위는 t/4 이하의 두께 중심부에서 존재하며 평면 변형을 받는 상태에서 안정하게 존재하는 방위이다. 더구나 이러한 방위를 가지는 결정립은 변형할 때 내부 축적 에너지가 적어서 재결정이 잘 일어나지 않기 때문에 이러한 방위를 가지는 결정립군이 최종 제품까지 남게 된다. 그러나 평면 변형 상태에서 안정하게 존재하는 {001}<110> 방위의 집합 조직에 전단 변형을 부가하게 되면 다른 방위를 가지는 결정립으로 바뀌어질 수 있다. 또한 결정 방위가 바뀌게 되면 재결정이 잘 일어나게 되므로 조대한 결정립군이 파괴되어 리징성을 개선할 수 있게 된다.First, the steel of the material to be applied to the present invention is a known stabilized ferritic stainless steel. The {001} <110> orientation known to cause leasing defects is an orientation that exists at a thickness center of t / 4 or less and that remains stable under planar deformation. Moreover, the grains having these orientations have a small internal accumulation energy when deforming, so that recrystallization does not occur well, so that the grain groups having these orientations remain in the final product. However, when shear deformation is added to the collective structure of the {001} <110> orientation that is stably present in the plane deformation state, it may be changed to a grain having a different orientation. In addition, when the crystal orientation is changed, recrystallization occurs well, and thus coarse grain groups are destroyed to improve the ridging property.

본 발명은 리징 높이와 80% 이상의 상관도를 갖는 마무리 압연 공정에서의 누적 전단 변형율이 마무리 압연 롤과 압연 소재의 마찰 계수와 85%의 상관도를 갖는 사실을 발견하고 다음과 같은 수식을 도출하였다.The present invention finds that the cumulative shear strain in the finishing rolling process having a correlation with the ridging height has a correlation coefficient of 85% with the coefficient of friction between the finished rolling roll and the rolled material. .

누적전단변형율(E13) = -0.239 + 1.85585 X (상부롤과 소재의 마찰계수 + 하부롤과 소재의 마찰계수)Cumulative Shear Strain (E13) = -0.239 + 1.85585 X (Coefficient of Friction between Upper Roll and Material + Friction between Lower Roll and Material)

스테인레스강의 품질관리 측면에서 미려한 표면성질을 구비한 품질이 우수한 강판이 되기 위해서는 리징 높이가 20mm 이하로 유지될 것이 요구되며 누적전단변형율인 E13가 1 이상일 경우 냉연소둔재의 리징 높이가 20mm 이하가 되는 것을 확 인하였으므로, 본 발명에서는 열간 압연 중 마무리 압연 공정의 조업 인자들을 조절하여 [수학식 1]에 의해 계산된 E13가 1 이상이 되는 마찰 조건으로 마무리 압연하는 제조 방법을 제공한다.In order to be a high quality steel plate with beautiful surface properties in terms of quality control of stainless steel, the ridging height is required to be maintained at 20 mm or less. If the cumulative shear strain E13 is 1 or more, the ridging height of cold rolled annealing material is 20 mm or less. Since it is confirmed, the present invention provides a manufacturing method of finishing rolling under friction conditions such that E13 calculated by Equation 1 is 1 or more by adjusting the operating factors of the finishing rolling process during hot rolling.

(실시예)(Example)

이하 실시 예를 사용하여 본 발명을 설명한다.The present invention will be described using the following examples.

열간 압연 공정 중 마무리 압연을 모사하여 상부와 하부의 압연롤과 소재의 마찰 계수를 변화시키면서 누적전단변형율(E13)을 유한 요소 해석으로 구하여 85%의 상관도를 나타내는 마찰 계수와 전단 변형율의 상관관계식을 도출하였다. 발명자들의 또 다른 발명물에서 나타낸 것 처럼 누적 전단 변형율이 1 이상일 때 리징 높이가 20mm 이하로 유지되어 미려한 표면성질을 구비한 품질이 우수한 강판을 제조할 수 있으므로, 본 발명에서는 마무리 압연 공정에서의 압연 롤과 압연 소재의 마찰 계수를 조절하여 20mm 이하의 리징 높이를 갖는 제조 조건을 확보할 수 있었다. Correlation equation between friction coefficient and shear strain, which shows 85% correlation by calculating the cumulative shear strain (E13) by finite element analysis while changing the friction coefficient of the upper and lower rolling rolls and materials by simulating finish rolling during hot rolling process Was derived. As shown in another invention of the inventors, when the cumulative shear strain is 1 or more, the ridging height is maintained at 20 mm or less, so that a steel sheet having high quality with beautiful surface properties can be manufactured. By adjusting the friction coefficient between the roll and the rolled material, it was possible to secure a manufacturing condition having a ridging height of 20 mm or less.

표 1은 상면 마찰계수와 하면 마찰계수와의 상관식을 이용하여 누적전단변형율(E13)의 관계를 상기 수학식을 통하여 도출한 것이다. 표 1에서 알 수 있는 바와 같이, 본 발명에서는 압연 롤과 압연 소재의 상면 마찰계수와 하면 마찰계수를 일정 값 이상으로 조절하여 이를 상기 수학식 1을 통하여 누적전단변형율 값을 1이상으로 조절하도록 하여 리징 높이를 일정값 이상으로 억제한다.Table 1 shows the relationship between the cumulative shear strain (E13) using the correlation between the upper friction coefficient and the lower friction coefficient through the above equation. As can be seen in Table 1, in the present invention, by adjusting the upper surface friction coefficient and the lower surface friction coefficient of the rolling roll and the rolled material to a predetermined value or more to adjust the cumulative shear strain value to 1 or more through Equation 1 above. Suppress the ridging height above a certain value

비교예 1에서 비교예 5는 마찰계수가 일정 값 이하가 되면 누적전단변형율값이 1이하가 되고, 발명예 1에서 4는 상기 마찰계수 값의 조정으로 누적전단변형율값을 1이상으로 높인 실시예들을 보여주고 있다.In Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 5 is the cumulative shear strain value is less than 1 when the friction coefficient is a predetermined value or less, In Example 1 4 is an embodiment in which the cumulative shear strain value is increased to 1 or more by adjusting the friction coefficient value Is showing them.

구분division 상면마찰계수Top Friction Coefficient 하면마찰계수Friction coefficient E13E13 비교 예1Comparative Example 1 0.200.20 0.200.20 0.560.56 비교 예2Comparative Example 2 0.300.30 0.160.16 0.580.58 비교 예3Comparative Example 3 0.160.16 0.300.30 0.580.58 비교 예4Comparative Example 4 0.400.40 0.200.20 0.820.82 비교 예5Comparative Example 5 0.200.20 0.400.40 0.820.82 발명 예1Inventive Example 1 0.300.30 0.300.30 1.031.03 발명 예2Inventive Example 2 0.440.44 0.300.30 1.051.05 발명 예3Inventive Example 3 0.300.30 0.440.44 1.051.05 발명 예4Inventive Example 4 0.400.40 0.400.40 1.381.38

도 1은 본 발명에 관한 마무리 압연롤의 마찰 계수 변화에 따라 유한요소법으로 해석한 마무리 압연 공정에서의 누적 전단변형율(E13)를 나타낸 그래프이다. 도면에서 알 수 있는 바와 같이, 본 발명에서 누적전단변형율은 1 이상이 되게 하여 리징 높이가 20㎛ 이하가 되는 조건으로 마무리 압연하는 것이 바람직하다.1 is a graph showing the cumulative shear strain E13 in the finish rolling process analyzed by the finite element method according to the change in the friction coefficient of the finish rolling roll according to the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, in the present invention, the cumulative shear strain is preferably 1 or more, and finish rolling is performed under the condition that the ridging height is 20 µm or less.

상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의하면, 낮은 등축정율을 갖는 소재를 열간 압연할 때 마무리 압연 공정에서의 마찰 계수를 조절하여 누적 전단 변형율을 높이는 방법으로 리징 특성을 개선시킴으로써 제품의 성형시 발생하는 표면품질 문제를 저하시키는 효과가 있다. 이에 따라 최종 성형품의 제조 원가를 절감하는 효과를 기대할 수 있다. As described above, according to the present invention, when hot rolling a material having a low equiaxed rate, the surface generated during molding of the product is improved by adjusting the friction coefficient in the finish rolling process to improve the cumulative shear strain. This has the effect of lowering the quality problem. Accordingly, the effect of reducing the manufacturing cost of the final molded product can be expected.

Claims (2)

중량%로, C 0.05% 이하, Ti 0.7%이하, Si 1.0% 이하, Mn 1.0% 이하, P 0.04%이하, S 0.03%이하, Cr 16.0~22%, Ni 0.5% 이하, Mo 1.0% 이하, N 0.05% 이하, Cu 1.0%이하, Al 0.15% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 기타 통상적인 불순물로 이루어진 페라이트 스테인레스강의 제조방법에 있어서,By weight%, C 0.05% or less, Ti 0.7% or less, Si 1.0% or less, Mn 1.0% or less, P 0.04% or less, S 0.03% or less, Cr 16.0-22%, Ni 0.5% or less, Mo 1.0% or less, In a method for producing ferritic stainless steel consisting of N 0.05% or less, Cu 1.0% or less, Al 0.15% or less, balance Fe and other common impurities, 상기 스테인레스강 슬라브를 열간압연시 마무리 압연 시의 누적 전단 변형율은 하기의 식을 이용하여 마무리 압연롤과 소재의 마찰계수를 조절하고 누적 전단 변형율이 1이상이 되게 하며 리징 높이(mm)가 20㎛이하가 되는 조건으로 마무리 압연하는 것을 특징으로 하는 리징 특성이 우수한 페라이트계 스테인레스강의 제조방법.The cumulative shear strain at the finish rolling during hot rolling of the stainless steel slab is adjusted by using the following formula to adjust the friction coefficient of the finish roll and the material so that the cumulative shear strain is at least 1, and the ridding height (mm) is 20 μm. A method for producing a ferritic stainless steel having excellent leasing characteristics, which is finish rolled under the following conditions. 누적 전단 변형율(E13) = -0.239 + 1.85585 X (상부롤과 소재의 마찰계수 + 하부롤과 소재의 마찰계수)Cumulative Shear Strain (E13) = -0.239 + 1.85585 X (Coefficient of Friction between Upper Roll and Material + Friction between Lower Roll and Material) 삭제delete
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