KR100682049B1 - Vibration controlled open-cut method using hole with narrow and wide interval - Google Patents

Abstract

A vibration controlled open-cut method using short-spacing holes and long-spacing holes is provided to reduce processing cost, control vibration, noise and flying and easily perform rock excavation by forming a plurality of drilled holes closely to one another on a predetermined area of a rock to be blasted in the open air and using a small amount of explosives. A vibration controlled open-cut method using short spacing holes and long spacing holes comprises the steps of: forming a predetermined number of short-spacing holes(1) on a rock in a distance of 10 to 20 cm to form large-diameter holes(2) by blasting the rock in the open air; forming large-spacing holes(3) at one side of the short-spacing holes in the same number as the short-spacing holes and in a distance that is 6 to 10 times longer than the diameter of the large-diameter holes formed when blasting the short-spacing holes; repeatedly forming the short-spacing holes and the large-spacing holes side by side to form a row; loading 0.16 to 8 kg of an explosive in the short-spacing holes, and loading the explosive in the large-spacing holes in an amount that is 1.5 to 2 times larger than the explosive loaded in the short-spacing holes; and performing surface blasting by sequentially initiating the short-spacing holes and the large-spacing holes from any one side of rows formed by the short-spacing holes and the large-spacing holes.

Description

Vibration control open blasting method using small gap and large gap {VIBRATION CONTROLLED OPEN-CUT METHOD USING HOLE WITH NARROW AND WIDE INTERVAL}

1 is a plan view of the open air showing a conventional state of perforation.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the open air of FIG. 1.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a continuously perforated street.

Figure 4 is a plan view showing a ball formed in the street according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a cross-sectional view showing the interior of the ball formed in the open air of FIG.

6 is a plan view showing a ball formed in the street according to another embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a cross-sectional view showing the interior of the ball formed in the open air of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a sequence in which the balls shown in FIG. 4 are blasted. FIG.

FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating a sequence in which the balls shown in FIG. 6 are blasted.

<Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

1, 6: small gap 2, 7: large diameter

3, 8: Gap 4, 5, 9, 10: Gunpowder

The present invention relates to a vibration control open-air blasting method using a small gap and a large gap that can adjust the size of the crushed rock pieces while reducing the vibration, noise generated during rock crushing by adjusting the interval of the perforated balls.

In general, civil works of mining and construction frequently carry out blasting work to crush rocks. Blasting work using explosives has the advantage of easily crushing rock or other obstacles using the explosive power of the explosives, but has the disadvantage that vibrations, noise and scattering generated during blasting affect the surrounding buildings or structures.

Many blasting methods have been proposed to solve this drawback.

1 is a plan view of the open air showing a conventional drilling state, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the open air of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the open air continuously drilled.

In the conventional bench blasting method, the main blasting drilling direction is performed by collectively drilling the downward holes 60 or the horizontal holes 90 in one direction of the upper free surface 10 or the inclined free surface 20, respectively, FIGS. 1 and 2. As shown in Fig. 3, the rod-shaped medicine 11 or the dispersed medicine 12 is carried out, and as shown in Fig. 3, after setting the positions 32, 33, and 34 of the full width medicine cloth 35, blasting is carried out on two free surfaces. This is a typical bench blasting method that uses only the blasting effect of three free surfaces.

According to the loading position of the full width drug 35 can be divided into regular width, medium width, and back width, the back width is located on the leftmost of Figure 3, full width drug 35 is located at the bottom, explosives on the top (36) is located, the medium width is located in the middle of Figure 3, the full width drug 35 is located in the middle portion, and the upper and lower explosives (36) is located, the regular width is the full width on the tool side The medicine is located, and the explosives 36 are located below.

Bench blasting on the 2nd surface is mostly blasting in the open air and can cause a lot of blast pollution in surrounding houses, buildings, barns, and fisheries, so special care must be taken when blasting.

However, blasting pollution in open blasting is caused by blasting vibration, noise, and storm pressure. This is mainly caused by a strong chemical reaction in which large energy is released in a short time when explosives explode in perforated rock. There is a problem that a lot of damage to the surrounding rock or structure while being lost due to heat.

In addition, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to increase the number of cracks and free surfaces so that the explosive energy of the explosive can act as much as possible to the fracture of the rock, so that the appropriate blasting is required, there is a structurally troublesome problem.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0199846 (Registration Date: March 3, 1999. Yoon Young-jae and two others) discloses a "second quartile small-blasting method in two freedoms." This technique is a two-sided stepped rock blasting, in which a blasting hole is drilled in a different direction from the blasting hole and the expansion hole in each free surface, but the blasting hole which is later blasted falls within the crushing or cracking area of the blasting hole. . In the blasting sequence, the blasting opening holes are first blasted to crack the surrounding rock to form 3 to 4 free surfaces, and then to continuously blast the expansion holes step by step.

However, the conventional small blasting method has a structural problem in that the distance between the blasting opening and the primary expansion space is not formed in the shape of a castle, and only a crack is formed. There is a cumbersome problem to arrange so that the order does not change in the field.

In addition, in the case of the conventional smear blasting, there is a problem in that the effect of rock crushing in the direction of the resistance line is not possible because the space between the first expansion hole and the second expansion hole is different from each other, and thus, the blasting vibration becomes large.

As described above, the conventional small blasting method has a problem in that the arrangement of the perforation method, the arrangement of the delayed primer number, and the allocation of the dosage amount per complex are complicated, and the overall work speed is delayed for accurate arrangement.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to adjust the interval of the punctured ball is charged with gunpowder, and then crushed while reducing the vibration, noise generated by crushing when blasting The present invention provides a vibration control open-air blasting method using a small gap and a large gap to control the size of the rock piece.

Another object of the present invention is to form a plurality of perforated balls close to a predetermined area in the rock blasting open area and to use a small amount of explosives, so that the rock fragments of the crushed rock is reduced, the cost of extinguishing is reduced and the free surface is secured The present invention provides a vibration control open-air blasting method using small gaps and large gaps in which excessive noise and scattering are controlled and rock crushing is easily performed.

Yet another object of the present invention is to form a small number of perforated balls in a predetermined area in the rock blasting open area than a general blasting hole and to use a small amount of explosives, small gaps and large savings in time and cost for the work process The present invention provides a vibration control open-air blasting method using a gap hole.

The present invention for realizing the object of the present invention in a stepped rock having two free surfaces consisting of inclined surface having a vertical or predetermined inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane iteratively repeating a plurality of blast holes in parallel with the horizontal plane at the same interval In the vibration-controlled open-air blasting method using ordinary small gaps and large gaps to blast a predetermined gunpowder after forming one row by puncturing, to form a large diameter when blasting in the open space at intervals of 10 cm to 20 cm Forming small gaps as many as a predetermined number; Forming large gaps on one side of the small gaps at intervals of 6 times to 10 times larger than the diameter of the large diameter formed when the small gaps are blasted by the number of the small gaps; Repeatedly forming the small gaps and the large gaps to form a row; Charging 0.16Kg to 8Kg of the gunpowder in the small gap, and charging 1.5 to 2 times greater than the gunpowder charged in the small gap; And blasting the open air by sequentially detonating from one of the rows formed by the small gaps and the large gaps.

 In the forming of the one row, the length of the resistance wire is preferably 0.5 m to 2.2 m.

 The spacing of the small gaps is formed to 10cm, the spacing of the large gaps is formed to 50cm to 70cm, the resistance line is preferably formed to 30cm to 60cm.

The dosage of the small and large gaps is 0.16Kg to 0.3Kg each for fine blasting, 0.32Kg to 4.5Kg for precision blasting, and 5Kg to 20Kg for normal blasting, respectively. It is preferable.

In the blasting of the open air, it is preferable that the large gaps are sequentially blasted while the small gaps are sequentially blasted first.

When only the cracks are formed in the rock in the step of charging the gunpowder, the chemicals used instead of the gunpowder charged on the bottoms of the small gaps and the large gaps may be any one of a micro vibration breaker, a plasma, and a shredding agent. .

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Figure 4 is a plan view showing a ball formed in the open air according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the inside of the ball formed in the open air of Figure 4, Figure 6 is an open air in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 is a plan view showing the formed ball, Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the interior of the ball formed in the open air of Figure 6, Figure 8 is a plan view showing the order in which the balls shown in Figure 4, Figure 9 is shown in Figure 6 This is a plan view showing the order in which the balls are blasted.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the present invention first forms two small gaps (1) side by side at predetermined intervals in the open rock (20). At this time, when the spacing of the small spacing holes (1) is set to 10cm to 20cm, when the small spacing holes (1) are blasted, the large diameter (2) is formed to 20cm to 40cm to make a free surface. Subsequently, two large gaps 3 are formed side by side on one side of the small gaps 1. At this time, the spacing of the large spacing hole (3) is formed at intervals of 6 to 10 times larger than the diameter of the large diameter (2).

Subsequently, the small gaps 1 and the large gaps 3 are successively formed side by side repeatedly to form one blast rupture. At this time, it is preferable that the length of the resistance line of the blast to the free surface of the open air is set to 0.5m to 2.2m. Then, the explosives 4 and 5 are charged to the bottoms of the small gap 1 and the large gap 3, respectively, to blast a predetermined width of the rock 20. That is, the small gaps (1) charge the gunpowder 0.16Kg to 8Kg, the large gaps (3) charges 1.5 to 2 times the gunpowder than the gunpowder charged in the small gaps (1), the blasting machine Alternatively, when the blasting the open air by sequentially detonating from any one of the heat formed by the small spaced holes (1) and the large spaced holes (3) using the detonator, the open rock (20) is crushed by a predetermined width. .

At this time, the large diameter (2) is formed to provide a minimum resistance wire to the rock 20, and when the large gap holes (3) of both sides are blasted, a free surface is formed to be crushed into a cone shape, tensile fracture, shear shear fracture do. The cone shape is called a nude ball.

On the other hand, when there is a security object in the open-air blasting to form only a crack in the rock so that the impact of blasting vibration and noise on the security material, to form a gap of the small gaps (1) to 10cm, the large gaps (3) It is preferable to form the interval of 50cm to 70cm, and the resistance wire to form 30cm to 60cm.

In addition, in order to prevent the impact of blasting vibration and noise from being secured when there is a security item, the amount of the small clearance (1) and the large clearance (3) is charged at 0.16Kg to 0.3Kg at the time of non-vibration blasting, respectively. In the case of precise blasting, the charge is 0.32Kg to 4.5Kg, and in the case of normal blasting, the charge is 5Kg to 20Kg, respectively.

In addition, when only the cracks are formed in the open rock, the chemicals used in place of the explosives charged on the bottoms of the small gaps and the large gaps may be any one of a micro vibration breaker, a plasma, and a crushing agent.

After blasting using the ignition device or the power detonator, it is possible to crush the open-air rock 20 to be non-vibration or non-vibration.

In addition, a plurality of rows may be repeatedly formed at a predetermined interval in one row having the above configuration, and a plurality of rows may be blasted at the same time.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, another embodiment of the present invention forms three small gaps 6 side by side so that a large diameter 7 is formed, and three large gaps 8 are side by side. After forming, the gunpowder (9, 10) is charged inside the small gaps (6) and the large gaps (8) to detonate and blast the open rock (20) as much wider and longer distance range The rock 20 can be broken.

As such, the present invention, as shown in Figures 4 to 7, widening the spacing in the open rock (20) formed by the 1, 2 free surface of the rock 20, and shortened the resistance line, the first to the fracture zone Since the small spacing hole (1), which is a blasting hole, is detonated with a delay time as a medicine medicine, the rock rupture caused by the generation of tensile stress wave by the first blasting hole at the time of blasting and shear fracture occurs when the stress wave is returned. The tensile stress wave and shear wave returned from the free surface and the large gap hole (3) blasting force caused by the delay time are encountered, so that many cracks and fracture forces are generated.

Therefore, in the present invention, two or three small gaps 1 or 6 are blasted at the minimum dose per blast, so that the rock 20 close to the small gap 6, which is the first blast hole, is cracked and broken, and the free surface This stress wave, which is the shear failure of the tensile stress wave returned from, and the large gap (3 or 8) are combined with the breaking force to be blasted to generate a lot of cracks, so that the blasting vibration and noise can be controlled while strengthening the crushing force.

Therefore, the small blast hole 1 or 6, which is the first blasting hole, forms a conical shaped free surface with the influence of the minimum resistance line and the effective blasting force on the surrounding rock 20, and the large gap hole detonated by the late parallax ( The detonation force of 3 or 8) fractures and moves the rock 20.

Subsequently, one row is formed of balls (1, 3 or 6, 8) formed side by side in the rock 20, and this row is formed in two or more rows as necessary to advance rock blasting to a minimum amount of spleen. Blasting occurs, resulting in a wider range of rock fractures.

On the other hand, the blasting order of the present invention is as shown in FIG. Small spacing holes (1) and large spacing holes (3) are sequentially blasted from either side, in which case the small spacing formed in one large diameter (2) when it is not necessary to consider the effects of blasting vibration, noise, etc. Simultaneously blasting 1) and then blasting the small gaps (1) formed in the next large diameter (2) while also blasting the large gaps (3) between the small gaps (1).

In addition, when the effects of blasting vibration, noise, etc. are to be taken into consideration, that is, when there are security items, the small gaps 1 formed in one large diameter 2 are sequentially blasted and the small intervals formed in the next large diameter 2 While sequential blasting the balls (1), the large gaps (3) between the small gaps (1) also sequential blasting.

The blasting sequence as described above will be described in more detail. First, small gaps 1 are sequentially blasted, and then large gaps 3 are sequentially blasted. That is, small gaps (1) '1' and '1' are simultaneously blasted, and then small gaps (1) '2' and '2' are simultaneously blasted and large gaps ('3' a 'and' a 'are blasted at the same time, followed by' 3 'and' 3 'which are small gaps (1) and then blasted simultaneously by' b 'and' b 'which are large gaps (3) In that order, the small gaps 1 and the large gaps 3 are blasted. Here, after all of the small gaps 1 are sequentially blasted, the large gaps 3 may be sequentially blasted sequentially.

In addition, the blasting order according to another embodiment of the present invention is as shown in FIG. That is, the small gaps 1, 1, 2, and 3 are blasted in order, and the small gaps 1, 4, 5, and 6 are then blasted in order. 'A', 'b', and 'c', which are the large gaps 3, are blasted in order, and then the small gaps 1, 7, 8, and 9 are blasted in that order. Subsequently, the small gaps (1) and the large gaps (3) are blasted in the order in which the large gaps (3) 'd', 'e', and 'f' are blasted in order. Here, the large gaps 3 may be sequentially after all of the small gaps 1 are sequentially.

As described above, the method of the present invention uses a small gap (1 or 6) and a large gap (3 or 8) to secure a large number of cracks and fracture forces toward the free surface, and at the same time, the rock fracture at the minimum resistance distance. It is a new blasting method that increases the blasting efficiency by minimizing the blasting vibration and noise with the minimum dosage, thereby minimizing environmental damage and reducing the specific dosage.

In addition, the present invention by using the method as described above in order to solve the limitations of the conventional two-free surface blasting and problems of the environmental pollution, that is, vibration and noise, the method of forming the punched ball and the blasting method in the field conditions Therefore, it is a new blasting method that is configured to enable blasting work optimally.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described using Table 1.

The condition of Table 1 is to calculate the number of perforations and the amount of charge at an area standard of 1160cm on the basis of the first row in the open blasting of two free surfaces, forming two small spacing holes in four places at a length of 1160cm, Two large gaps were formed in three places. In this case, a plurality of rows formed of small gaps and large gaps may be formed, or as the length of the row becomes longer than 1160 cm, more savings may be obtained.

In addition, the hole diameter is 51mm and the outer diameter of the bit diameter is 10cm, so the space is actually 20cm and the large diameter is calculated as 20cm.

Therefore, calculating 200cm wider than 10 times, it is possible to break the larger area of the arm.

Hereinafter, comparing the effects according to the prior art and the present invention is shown in Table 2 below.

As described above, in the case of blasting using the small gap and the large gap of the present invention, the size of the crushed rock piece can be adjusted while controlling the blasting vibration and noise, and the cost of blasting once per volume is reduced.

The control of blasting pollution and the reduction of blasting cost increase the effect of small dose of small gap and the delay of delay time, and the method of crushing toward short resistance line is to adjust the size of crushed rock piece to produce the size of rock fragment suitable for use. In the case of a large gap formed in a wide space by forming a crack zone that weakens the cohesion of the original rock, the breaking force is strengthened toward the weakened crack zone of the existing rock and the shorter resistance line to obtain the maximum effect. do.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains may implement the present invention by various modifications or design changes without departing from the scope of the claims. In case it is regarded as the scope of the present invention.

According to the present invention, there is an advantage that can reduce the vibration, noise generated when blasting by setting the balls are gunpowder-loaded as small spacing and large spacing.

In addition, the present invention forms a small number of balls in a predetermined width in the open rock to be blasted, and because a small amount of gunpowder is used, there is an advantage that the small pieces of crushed rock is reduced, the cost of extinction.

In addition, the present invention uses a small number of balls and gunpowder using a wide space at a predetermined width in the rock of the open-air blasting, there is an advantage that the time and cost for the work process is reduced.

Claims (6)

In a stepped rock having two free surfaces vertically or inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, a plurality of blast holes are repeatedly drilled side by side at equal intervals in parallel to the horizontal plane to form one row, and then In the vibration control open-air blasting method using a small gap and a large gap to charge and blast the explosive, Forming small gaps (1) by a predetermined number at intervals of 10 cm to 20 cm so that a large diameter (2) is formed in the open air; Large spacing at intervals of 6 to 10 times larger than the diameter of the large diameter (2) formed at the blasting of the small spacing (1) by the number of the small spacing (1) on one side of the small spacing (1) (3) forming; Repeatedly forming the small gaps (1) and the large gaps (3) to form one row; Charging 0.16 Kg to 8 Kg of the gunpowder in the small gap (1), and charging 1.5 to 2 times greater than the gunpowder charged in the small gap (1) in the large gap (3); Vibration control open-air blasting method using a small gap and a large gap comprising the step of detonating sequentially from any one of the heat formed by the small gap (1) and the large gap (3) . The method of claim 1, wherein the length of the resistance wire in the step of forming a row is a vibration controlled open-air blasting method using a small gap and a large gap hole. According to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spacing of the small spacing holes (1) is formed to 10cm, the spacing of the large spacing holes (3) is formed to 50cm to 70cm, the resistance line is formed to 30cm to 60cm Vibration control open blasting method using a small gap and a large gap. The method of claim 1, wherein the small gap (1) and the large gap (3) of the loading amount is 0.16Kg to 0.3Kg when the microscopic blasting, 0.32Kg to 4.5Kg when blasting fine, 5Kg to 20Kg when blasting normally Vibration-controlled open-air blasting method using a small gap and a large gap, characterized in that using any one selectively. The method according to claim 1, wherein the blasting of the open space is characterized in that the small gaps and the large gaps are sequentially blasted between the small gaps (1) are sequentially blasted first. Open blasting method for vibration control using The method of claim 1, wherein the chemicals used in place of the gunpowder that is charged on the bottom of the small gaps (1) and the large gaps (3) when only forming a crack in the rock in the step of charging the gunpowder is a micro vibration breaker Vibration-controlled open blasting method using a small gap and a large gap, characterized in that any one of the plasma, crushing agent.

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