KR100675433B1 - A method for preparing the base of lawn ground comprising Zoysiagrass - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is an invention related to the ground of the Korean lawn playground, and is designed to solve the difficulty of the ground composition and management of the Korean turf playground, which has a lot of pressure and difficult concentration management. The present invention is designed so that the most important top soil when constructing the ground is to have the ideal top soil condition as the Korean playground ground, and the playground turf can be easily adapted to the pressure and low management.

Grass ground, soil conditions, soil physical properties, pressure

Description

A method for preparing the base of lawn ground comprising Zoysiagrass}

Figure 1 is a photograph showing the growth of grass roots of sandy loam (sand) and sandy top soil.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change in soil hardness over three months of 100% sand and 85% sand + 15% mixed moss.

3 is a graph showing the growth of grass roots after 3 months of pressing treatment for sand 100% soil and sand 85% + peat moss 15% mixed soil.

The present invention relates to a method for forming a ground for a Korean grass field, and more particularly, to a method for equipping an optimal ground when constructing a ground for a playground with warm grass (Zoysiagrass (hereinafter referred to as "Korean grass")).

So far, Korea's playground ground has been largely divided into Korean-style grass and Korean grass, and the ratio of them in the whole playground is about 7: 3 (see Grassland Playground Construction and Management, 2002). Among these, the geothermal grass field provides high quality lawns and is favored by many people. Soil composition is mostly California or USGA. The USGA method is a standard proposed by the American Golf Association as a suitable ground for golf greens after decades of research, and is the most preferred method in many countries when constructing a Korean-style grass ground.

However, the original lawn playground is easy and low cost to make it available to more people, so there is more Korean grass playground in Korea. Korean turf grounds have the disadvantage of poor quality of aesthetics, but the biggest advantage is that the construction cost of the playground is low, management is easy, and most of all, the damage is reduced. As a result of surveying 70 turf grounds and 30 golf grounds in Korea (2002 ~ 2003), most turf grounds in Korea have no drainage system and do not create new soil, but still till the existing soil tilling and planting grass. It is easy to suffer from drainage and depression, and after the composition, the soil hardened and negatively affected grass growth. In order to solve the pressure problem, the playground soil is made up of 100% sand recently, but the organic content is too low, so the grass growth is deteriorated due to the lack of food and water. In other words, there is currently no research data on the topsoil of the Korean turf grounds in Korea, and there are various methods of constructing the grounds. All of these problems are due to the lack of Korean soil topography that is suitable for the environment and climate of Korea, and the most important soil specifications in the playground are necessary to help the grass grow less.

The ground conditions of sports grounds suitable for Korea's climate, environment and conditions of use can be summarized into three categories.

First, the annual rainfall in Korea is about 1200 ~ 1500mm and there are many heavy rains and more than 100mm per day, and in the case of heavy rains, flooding of the grass ground causes great damage to grass growth. In addition, most Korean turf grounds do not have a drainage system, so considering the rate of water draining on the lawn, the groundwater must have a permeation rate of at least 1000 mm per hour.

Second, the number of turf grounds in Korea is less than 2% of the school grounds (Ref .: Korea Grass Association, 1999). Therefore, very many people use one or two playgrounds. This high pressure is decisive for grass growth, and if the pressure is severe, the grass field will disappear within a few years. After all, turf playgrounds require ground that can reduce soil consolidation and reduce concentrated stress.

Third, most Korean turf grounds do not have professional caretakers, maintenance equipment, sprinkler systems, and do not often fertilize. Therefore, low soil management is required to cover the soil growth to some extent, especially in the summer or late autumn, because the severe damage occurs in the playground soil soil should have a basic conservative and complementary power.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a turf ground ground soil having the ideal physical and chemical properties of the soil without the risk of poor drainage and at the same time conservatively damaged during heavy rains in summer, while receiving the most severe pressure damage in the Korean turf playground. do.

The technical problem of the present invention is to provide a grass ground material soil having the physical and chemical properties of the ideal soil with less contaminant damage during the summer heavy rains and less water at the same time to receive the most severe pressure damage in the Korean grass field.

The present invention relates to a method for forming a ground for a Korean grass field, and more particularly, to a grass ground for soil that can have an optimal ground when constructing a ground for a ground with a warm grass (Zoysiagrass; hereinafter referred to as "Korean grass"). will be.

The present invention is 15 to 40% by weight of sand with a particle size of 2 ~ 1mm, 65% by weight of 1 ~ 0.25mm, 15% by weight of 0.25 ~ 0.15mm, 5% by weight of 0.15mm or less sand and 80 to 95% by weight It consists of forming the ground using the topsoil mixed with -20 weight%.

In addition, the present invention is a sand of 1 ~ 0.5mm in the sand having a particle size of 1 ~ 0.25mm includes 30% by weight or more and less than 65% by weight with respect to 100% by weight of the total sand of different particle sizes.

When using the soil according to the present invention to create the ground of the grass playground has the physical and chemical properties of the ideal soil with less risk of poor drainage in the summer heavy rains and at the same time has a conservative power, while receiving less pressure damage which is the most problem in the Korean grass playground A turf playground is provided.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Experimental Examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

Example: Particle Size Composition of Topsoil for Soil Playground Construction in Korea

The most important of the grass ground is the topsoil, and their particle composition changes the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Therefore, in order to investigate the particle composition of the ideal topsoil, we surveyed over 100 grass playgrounds and golf courses nationwide. Among them, various soil samples from domestic golf courses (10 places) and natural grass playgrounds (40 places) have good grass growth. The particle size was collected and analyzed. For the analysis of particle size, the easiest sifting method was used, and five sieves of 2mm, 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.25mm, and 0.15mm were used. As a result of analyzing 50 soil samples with less pressure damage, excellent root growth, and a surface hardness of 20 mm or less, the soil size ranges as shown in Table 1 were calculated. In general, the soil was good soil drainage and good soil growth due to less pressure damage was sand, and compared with the USGA standard of Table 2, the grain size of the soil according to the present invention, there are a lot of coarse particles of 2mm ~ 0.25mm , Especially granularity It is characterized by including particles of 1 ~ 0.5mm more than a certain ratio.

Topographic Grain Size of Soil Playground Ground of the Invention Particle size 2 ~ 1mm 1 ~ 0.5mm 0.5 ~ 0.25mm 0.25 ~ 0.15mm 0.15mm or less Configuration 30% or more Within 15% 65% or more Within 15% Within 5%

USGA topsoil specifications Particle size 1mm or more 1 ~ 0.5mm 0.5 ~ 0.25mm 0.25 ~ 0.15mm 0.15mm or less USGA standard Within 10% More than 60% Within 20% Within 5%

Most of the topsoil of the well-grown ground in Korea's turf ground is sandy or sandy loam (partly), and the more soil content of the loam, the worse the turf growth and the greater the damage to the pressure (see Fig. 1). Therefore, the selected sand has a low content of loam and a lot of coarse particles. If the soil is formed on the basis of sand of this standard in the future, it can slow down the soil solidification of the turbulent turf and reduce the turbulence damage of the turf. In addition, the particle size specification according to the present invention does not significantly deviate from the average particle size range of domestic steel sand, so if only a slight sifting can make excellent grass ground soil, it can also solve the difficulty of supply and demand often occurred.

Experimental Example 1 Physical Properties of Soil Suitable for Turf Playgrounds

The climate of Korea is hot and humid in summer, so the growth of grass is very active, but it is easy to cause disease due to drainage failure during the rainy season, and on the contrary, when it is too hot, dry damage and nutrient deficiency occur. Since sand alone lacks repair and maintenance power, some turf grounds may use organic modifiers (pit moss, bark, organic fertilizer), etc., and there is no standard for permeability and water retention, so the organic mixing ratio is not constant. Occasionally, unspoiled organic matter is used to cause grass disease, and in some cases, the organic matter content is too high to impair permeability. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to find the conditions of the top soil that satisfies this at the same time, it was found that the most suitable top soil conditions by mixing a certain ratio of pitmos which is a proven organic modifier to sand (origin: Mengmak).

The permeation rate of saturated soil was calculated by the Darcys law, and the formula is as follows.

(Q=유량, △H=수두차, L=시료길이, A=단면적, t=시간)

(Q = flow, △ H = head difference, L = sample length, A = the cross-sectional area, t = time)

The water retention was calculated by filling the soil in 100 ml of soil pipe and applying a negative pressure of 10 kPa by four weeks method to check the equilibrium state between soil moisture and negative pressure and measuring soil moisture content. The dry density was calculated by measuring the mass after evaporating water for 24 hours in a drier set at 105 ° C after completely filling the soil with 100 ml of soil pipe, and the solid phase rate and the gas phase rate were determined by the dry density and true specific gravity. Calculated and calculated.

The results of examining the physical properties of the soil in the same manner as described above are shown in Table 3 below. The permeability of the sand was 1500 ~ 2000mm / h, and it was shown that the permeability did not drop below 1000mm / h even if the pit moss was mixed up to 20% (v / v). Putting together the results in Table 3, the top soil combination that can improve the water retention required for grass growth without reducing the water permeability to 1,000 mm or less is most preferable for the top soil mixed with pitmos 5-20% (v / v). It was analyzed. In particular, the two topsoils of 85% sand + 15% peat moss (v / v) and 80% sand + 20% (v / v) sand have an 8-10% increase in soil voids compared to 100% sand, providing a buffer against pressure. It is expected to be large. This result may be a reference to the mixing range of the peat moss.

Soil Physical Properties Suitable for Turf Playgrounds Analysis item 100% sand 95% sand + 5% pitmos (v / v) 90% sand + 10% pitmos (v / v) 85% sand + 15% pitmos (v / v) Sand 80% + Pitmos 20% (v / v) Sand 75% + Pitmos 25% (v / v) Permeation Speed (mm / h) 1500-2000 1300-1500 1200-1400 1000-1200 950-1050 800-900 Dry density (g / m3) 1.5 to 1.6 1.45-1.5 1.4-1.45 1.3 to 1.4 1.30-1.35 1.2 ~ 1.3 Conservative (%) pF 1.8 7-8 8-9 10-11 12-13 13-14 14-15 Solid phase rate (%) 60 58 55 52 50 47 Weather rate (%) 40 42 45 48 50 53 Saturn Sato Sato Sato Sato Sato Sato

Experimental Example 2 Investigation of Organic Content in Soil

The organic matter content of each mixed top soil configured as shown in Table 3 was measured by the ignition loss test method using an electric furnace. After the organic matter was burned for 2 hours at a high temperature of 360 ℃ the reduced mass was converted into a percentage of the dry soil and the results are shown in Table 4 below.

The USGA Soil Topology recommended by the National Association of Golf Clubs is at least 0.7%, and data from the US PACE Turfgrass Research Institute (PTRI) suggest that the optimum level of organic matter is 2% or more for grass growth. Of these two conditions, 85% sand + 15% sand and 80% sand + 20% sand, 75% sand + 25% sand, but not all sands. If the finer sand is used while satisfying the above-mentioned particle size specification, the organic matter content can be sufficiently high even when the mixing ratio is low. .

Organic content of soil Organic matter content 100% sand 95% sand + 5% peat moss 90% sand + 10% pitmos 85% sand + 15% pitmos 80% sand + 20% peat moss Sand 75% + Pitmos 25% % 0.0 0.7 1.5 2.1 2.3 2.6

Experimental Example 3 Investigation of Soil Hardness and Root Growth of Topsoil

Korean grass pots were made of 100% sand (origin: Membrane) and 85% sand and 15% peat moss, respectively, and then overstressed for 3 months to examine the surface hardness and root growth of the soil. The depth of the topsoil was 30cm, and the bottom was experimented with a drainage layer of 5cm soybeans. The sand and stepping treatment was performed by 60kg person over 15 times a day and the rest was carried out in the same way as the general lawn care (2003.6 ~ 2003.9). After 3 months, soil surface hardness was measured at 1 month intervals by acid hardness tester. The result is shown in FIG.

The hardness was similar immediately after the composition, but the difference became larger with time, and after 2 months, both treatments did not change significantly. The 15% mixed soil of peat moss had low initial hardness, but the hardness did not change significantly even after continuous stepping treatment. However, even in the sand treatment area, the surface hardness did not exceed the plant growth limit of 22 mm, which suggests that the proper grain size composition of sand contributed to alleviating turf pressure.

On the other hand, the root length of each grass was examined after 3 months to find out whether the grass was damaged. The result is shown in FIG. 3. While the root length of 100% sand was not significantly affected, the root length of 15% peat moss increased, indicating that the turf of organic mixed soil had less damage.

As a result, in terms of soil solidity and grass growth, the sand particle size standard according to the present invention is a structure that does not significantly increase the pressure of the sand. Able to know.

As described through the above examples and experimental examples, the soil of the Korean-type playground ground of the present invention has the effect of providing a good soil environment for grass root growth as well as endurance of intensive pressure and low management, which are disadvantages of the Korean playground. In addition, since both the physical and chemical properties of the playground soil are designed to satisfy the climate and various management conditions of Korea, it is a very useful invention for the spread of the lawn and future management.

Claims (2)

      80 to 95 wt% sand and 5 to 20 wt% sand consisting of 15 wt% sand with a particle size of 2 to 1mm, 65 wt% for 1 to 0.25 mm, 15 wt% for 0.25 to 0.15 mm, and 5 wt% for 0.15 mm or less A method for forming a ground of a Korean lawn (Zoysiagrass) playground, characterized in that the ground is formed using mixed soil mixed with%. The Korean grass according to claim 1, wherein the sand having a grain size of 1 to 0.5 mm is sand having a grain size of 1 to 0.25 mm, including 30 wt% or more and less than 65 wt% based on 100 wt% of the total sand having different grain sizes. (Zoysiagrass) Method of creating ground for playgrounds.

Images