KR100673267B1 - A Treatment Method of Contaminated Waste including Poly Halogen Compounds by Using the Reactive Polymer - Google Patents

A Treatment Method of Contaminated Waste including Poly Halogen Compounds by Using the Reactive Polymer Download PDF

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KR100673267B1
KR100673267B1 KR20050061801A KR20050061801A KR100673267B1 KR 100673267 B1 KR100673267 B1 KR 100673267B1 KR 20050061801 A KR20050061801 A KR 20050061801A KR 20050061801 A KR20050061801 A KR 20050061801A KR 100673267 B1 KR100673267 B1 KR 100673267B1
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
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    • A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
    • Y10S210/902—Materials removed
    • Y10S210/908—Organic
    • Y10S210/909—Aromatic compound, e.g. pcb, phenol

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Abstract

독특하고 다양한 물리·화학적 성질로 인하여 여러 산업분야에서 광범위하게 사용된 '폴리할로겐화합물'은 인체에 해로운 환경오염 물질이라고 밝혀진 이후 제조 및 사용이 금지되기에 이르렀으나, 자연계에서 분해되지 않는 그 화학적인 안정성 때문에 '폴리할로겐화합물'을 포함하고 있는 폐기물은 처리되지 않고 보관·방치된 경우가 많아서 지속적으로 환경을 오염시키고 있는 실정에 있다. 본 발명에서는 '루이스산이 담지된 반응성고분자'를 이용하여 '폴리할로겐화합물'에 의해 오염된 액체상의 폐기물을 처리할 수 있는 기술을 제공한다. Due to its unique and diverse physical and chemical properties, 'polyhalogen compounds', which are widely used in various industrial fields, have been banned from being manufactured and used after they have been found to be harmful to the human body. Due to its stability, wastes containing 'polyhalogen compounds' are often stored and left untreated, and thus continue to pollute the environment. The present invention provides a technique capable of treating a liquid waste contaminated with a 'polyhalogen compound' by using 'reactive polymer loaded with Lewis acid.'

폴리염화비페닐, 퍼클로로에틸렌, 디디티, 프레온, 다이옥신, 반응성고분자 Polychlorinated biphenyls, perchloroethylene, dity, freon, dioxins, reactive polymers

Description

반응성고분자를 이용한 폴리할로겐화합물에 오염된 폐기물 처리 방법 {A Treatment Method of Contaminated Waste including Poly Halogen Compounds by Using the Reactive Polymer}{A Treatment Method of Contaminated Waste including Poly Halogen Compounds by Using the Reactive Polymer}

'도1'은 액체상의 오염된 폐기물에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐, 퍼클로로에틸렌, 디디티, 프레온 및 다이옥신 등의 '폴리할로겐화합물'을 제거하기 위한 장치의 공정도 (11: 가열용기, 12: 액체이송펌프, 13: 필터케이스, 111: 오염폐기물, 131: 반응성고분자)1 is a process diagram of a device for removing 'polyhalogen compounds' such as polychlorinated biphenyls, perchloroethylene, dity, freon and dioxin contained in liquid contaminated waste (11: heating vessel, 12: Liquid transfer pump, 13: filter case, 111: contaminated waste, 131: reactive polymer)

'도2'는 '폴리할로겐화합물'이 '루이스산(Lewis acid)이 담지된 반응성고분자' 표면에 결합하는 과정을 설명하기 위한 화학반응식Figure 2 is a chemical reaction to explain the process of the 'polyhalogen compound' is bonded to the surface of 'reactive polymer loaded with Lewis acid'

'도3'은 대표적인 '폴리할로겐화합물' (A: 테트라클로로비페닐, B: 테트라클로로디벤조파라디옥산 , C: 디클로로디페닐트리클로로에탄 D: 트리클로로에틸렌)의 분자구조3 is a molecular structure of a typical polyhalogen compound (A: tetrachlorobiphenyl, B: tetrachlorodibenzoparadioxane, C: dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane D: trichloroethylene).

자연환경에 존재하는 고독성 유기화합물에 해당하는 폴리염화비페닐, 퍼클로 로에틸렌, 디디티, 프레온 및 다이옥신 등의 '폴리할로겐화합물'은 화학적인 안정성 및 독특한 성질로 인하여 절연유, 가소제, 용제, 농약, 냉매를 포함하여 여러 산업분야에서 다양하게 사용된 후 여러 경로를 통하여 환경으로 방출되었거나 또는 유기화합물을 소각할 때 생성되어 환경으로 방출되게 된 것이다. 'Polyhalogen compounds' such as polychlorinated biphenyls, perchlorethylene, dity, freon, and dioxin, which are highly toxic organic compounds in the natural environment, have insulating properties such as insulating oils, plasticizers, solvents, pesticides, After various uses in various industrial fields including refrigerants, they are released to the environment through various paths, or are generated and released to the environment when incineration of organic compounds.

특히, 2개의 벤젠고리가 이어진 구조의 폴리염화비페닐(PCBs)은 10개의 치환 가능한 수소 원자 중에 2개 내지 10개가 염소로 치환된 화합물을 총칭하는 것으로서, 시판되는 제품 중에 100개 정도의 이성체가 확인되고 있다. 폴리염화비페닐은 화학적으로 안정하여 산·알칼리에 반응하지 않을 뿐만 아니라 전기적 특성이 뛰어나서 변압기의 절연유뿐만 아니라 가열 및 냉각을 위한 열매체, 윤활유 및 가소제 등의 용도로 사용되었으나, 인체에는 매우 유해한 물질로 밝혀지게 됨에 따라 국제적으로 사용 및 제조가 금지된 화합물에 해당하며, 현재까지 전 세계적으로 약 120만 톤이 생산되었을 것이라고 추정하고 있다. Particularly, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) having two benzene ring-linked structures collectively refer to compounds in which 2 to 10 chlorine are substituted in 10 substitutable hydrogen atoms, and about 100 isomers in commercial products It is confirmed. Polychlorinated biphenyl is chemically stable and does not react with acid and alkali, and has excellent electrical properties.It is used not only for insulating oil of transformer but also for heating, cooling, heating, cooling, plasticizer, etc. As it turns out, it is a compound that is prohibited from being used and manufactured internationally and is estimated to have produced about 1.2 million tonnes worldwide.

우리나라의 경우 폴리염화비페닐의 사용 금지 조치가 내려진 후 폴리염화비페닐에 오염된 변압기를 폐기하지 않고 재사용하였는데, 이로 인하여 현재 사용되고 있는 절연유는 1.67ppm 내지 37.48ppm 정도의 폴리염화비페닐로 오염되어 있다고 하며, 전국적으로 사용되고 있는 162만기의 지상변압기 중의 약 20%가 환경부에서 정한 지정폐기물 기준치인 2ppm을 초과할 것이라고 예측하고 있다. In Korea, after the ban on the use of polychlorinated biphenyl, the transformer contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl was reused without being discarded. As a result, the insulating oil currently used is contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl of 1.67 ppm to 37.48 ppm. It is estimated that about 20% of the 1.16 million land-based transformers used nationwide will exceed the 2ppm designated waste standard set by the Ministry of Environment.

폴리염화비페닐로 오염된 폐기물을 처리하기 위한 기존의 방법으로는, 자외선 또는 방사선을 이용한 분해법, 미생물 분해법, 연소 소각법, 화학적 산화법, 초임계 산화법 등이 있으며, 최근에 알칼리성 유기용매와 강알칼리를 함께 사용한 탈 염소법이 소개된바 있다. 기존에 개발된 이런 방법들은 폐절연유에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐의 농도를 낮추기 위해 개발된 방법이 아니거나 또는 적용하기에 불편하다고 할 수 있으므로, 액체상의 오염된 폐기물에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐의 농도를 낮추기 위한 새로운 기술의 개발은 필요하다고 할 수 있다.Conventional methods for treating waste contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls include decomposition using ultraviolet rays or radiation, microbial decomposition, combustion incineration, chemical oxidation, and supercritical oxidation. Recently, alkaline organic solvents and strong alkalis have been used. The dechlorination method used together was introduced. These previously developed methods are not intended to reduce the concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls contained in waste insulating oil or may be inconvenient to apply. Therefore, the polychlorinated biphenyls contained in liquid contaminated waste may be The development of new technologies to reduce the concentration is necessary.

폴리염화비페닐의 제조 및 사용이 금지된 이후, 광유 또는 실리콘오일이 폴리염화비페닐을 대체하여 변압기의 절연유로 사용되고 있으나, 변압기를 폐기하지 않고 재사용함에 따라 절연유가 폴리염화비페닐에 오염되기에 이르렀으며, 이에 따라 절연유에서 폴리염화비페닐을 선택하여 제거하기에 적합한 처리방법의 개발이 필요하게 되었다. 폴리염화비페닐은 분자구조 내에 할로겐을 포함하고 있다는 점에서 처리의 관점에서 보면 퍼클로로에틸렌, 디디티, 다이옥신 및 프레온 등의 환경오염물질과 같이 취급할 수 있으므로, 본 발명에서는 광유 또는 실리콘오일에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐뿐만 아니라 액체상의 모든 오염된 폐기물에서 '폴리할로겐화합물'을 선택적으로 제거하는 방법을 제공하고자 한다. Since the manufacture and use of polychlorinated biphenyls is banned, mineral oil or silicone oil has been used as insulating oil for transformers in place of polychlorinated biphenyls. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop a treatment method suitable for selecting and removing polychlorinated biphenyls from insulating oil. Since polychlorinated biphenyls contain halogen in the molecular structure, they can be treated like environmental pollutants such as perchloroethylene, dity, dioxins, and freons. Therefore, in the present invention, polychlorinated biphenyls are included in mineral oil or silicone oil. It is intended to provide a method for the selective removal of 'polyhalogen compounds' from all contaminated wastes, not just polychlorinated biphenyls.

본 발명은, 반응성고분자에 액체상의 오염된 폐기물을 접촉시키는 것만으로 폐기물에 포함된 '폴리할로겐화합물'을 제거하기 위한 방법에 해당하며, 가열용기(11), 액체이송펌프(12) 및 필터케이스(13)로 이루어진 장치(도1)를 사용하여 다음 의 절차에 따라 처리작업을 수행한다. The present invention corresponds to a method for removing the 'polyhalogen compound' contained in the waste only by contacting the liquid contaminated waste with the reactive polymer, and includes a heating vessel (11), a liquid transfer pump (12), and a filter case. Using the apparatus (13) consisting of (13), the treatment is carried out according to the following procedure.

처리하고자 하는 액체상의 폐기물(111)에 유기과산화물(dibenzoylperoxide, dicumylperoxidee, tert-butylperoxybenzoate, etc.), 오존(O3), 과산화수소(H2O2) 등의 과산화물을 하나 또는 둘 이상 첨가한 후 20℃ 내지 250℃로 가온하는 전처리 과정을 통하여 폐기물에 포함된 제거 대상의 '폴리할로겐화합물'을 화학적으로 활성화시킨 다음, 액체이송펌프를 가동하여 전처리 된 폐기물이 필터케이스 내부에 고정된 '루이스산이 담지된 반응성고분자'(131)에 접촉되도록 하여, 폐기물에 포함된 '폴리할로겐화합물'이 반응성고분자의 표면에 선택적으로 결합하여(도2) 제거될 수 있도록 한다.After adding one or more peroxides such as organic peroxide (dibenzoylperoxide, dicumylperoxidee, tert-butylperoxybenzoate, etc.), ozone (O 3 ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) to the liquid waste to be treated, 20 By chemically activating the 'polyhalogen compound' to be removed in the waste through the pretreatment process heated to ℃ to 250 ℃, the liquid transfer pump is operated to support the 'Lewis acid in which the pretreated waste is fixed inside the filter case. Contact the reactive polymer '131, so that the' polyhalogen compound 'contained in the waste can be selectively bonded to the surface of the reactive polymer (Fig. 2) to be removed.

'루이스산이 담지된 반응성고분자'는 루이스산을 고분자에 고정시킨 것으로서, 삼염화알루미늄(AlCl3) 또는 삼플루오르화붕소(BF3)의 루이스산이, 하나 또는 둘 이상의 관능기(-F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -OH, -COOH, -CH3, -Ph, -COO-, -OCONH-, -CH=CH-)를 포함한 고분자에 고정된 구조를 하고 있으며, 제조를 위한 기초적인 원리는 다음과 같다. 루이스산은 녹일 수 있으나 고분자는 팽윤만 시킬 수 있는 유기용제를 고분자와 함께 선택한 후, 선택된 유기용제, 고분자 그리고 루이스산을 교반기가 장착된 플라스크에 넣은 다음 가열·교반하면, '루이스산이 담지된 반응성고분자'가 만들어지게 되며, 이렇게 하여 만들어진 반응성고분자는 촉매의 활성은 유지되는 반면 물에 접촉되더라도 반응성고분자에 결합된 루이스산의 가수분해는 일어나지 않게 된다. 'Reactive polymer loaded with Lewis acid' is a Lewis acid immobilized on a polymer, and Lewis acid of aluminum trichloride (AlCl 3 ) or boron trifluoride (BF 3 ) is one or more functional groups (-F, -Cl,- It has a structure fixed to a polymer including Br, -I, -OH, -COOH, -CH 3 , -Ph, -COO-, -OCONH-, and -CH = CH-). As follows. After selecting an organic solvent that can dissolve Lewis acid but only swelling polymer together with the polymer, the selected organic solvent, polymer and Lewis acid are placed in a flask equipped with a stirrer and heated and stirred. The reactive polymer produced in this way retains the activity of the catalyst while the hydrolysis of Lewis acid bound to the reactive polymer does not occur even when contacted with water.

본문의 이해를 돕기 위해서 제조방법의 한가지 예를 다음에 소개하며, 본 특허는 이에 국한되지 않는다.
ⅰ교반기가 장착된 플라스크에 스틸렌디비닐벤젠 공중합체 분말 31g, 이황화탄소 450㎖ 및 무수염화알루미늄 7.5g 을 넣고 물 중탕 속에서 일정시간 가열시킨 후 냉각시킨 다음, 냉수 400㎖를 가하여 과잉의 염화알루미늄을 가수분해한 후 여과한 다음, 1ℓ의 물로 세척한 후 진공 건조기에서 18시간 건조시키는 과정을 통하여 '루이스산이 담지된 반응성고분자'를 제조한다. ⅱ오존에 대한 반응성이 없는 액체를 주성분으로 하고 '폴리할로겐화합물'이 불순물로 포함된 폐기물을 20ℓ 취한 후 코로나 방전식 오존(O3) 가스 발생기에서 발생한 기체를 주입하면서 5분 내지 20분간 교반하여 폐기물에 녹아 있는 '폴리할로겐화합물'을 화학적으로 활성화시킨다. ⅲ'루이스산이 담지된 반응성고분자'를 필터케이스 내부에 고정(131)한 후 액체이송펌프(12)를 가동하여 액체상의 폐기물(111)에 포함된 '폴리할로겐화합물'이 '루이스산이 담지된 반응성고분자'의 표면에 선택적으로 결합 될 수 있도록 한다.In order to aid in the understanding of the text, an example of a manufacturing method is introduced below, and the present patent is not limited thereto.
In a flask equipped with a stirrer, 31 g of styrenedivinylbenzene copolymer powder, 450 ml of carbon disulfide, and 7.5 g of anhydrous aluminum chloride are added, heated in a water bath for a predetermined time, cooled, and then 400 ml of cold water is added. After hydrolysis and filtration, washed with 1 L of water and then dried in a vacuum dryer for 18 hours to prepare a 'reactive polymer loaded with Lewis acid'. IiTake 20 liters of waste which contains liquid that is not reactive to ozone and contains 'polyhalogen compound' as impurities, and then stir for 5 to 20 minutes while injecting gas generated from corona discharge ozone (O 3 ) gas generator. Chemically activate 'polyhalogen compounds' dissolved in waste. Ⅲ 'Reactive polymer loaded with Lewis acid' is fixed inside the filter case (131), and then the liquid transfer pump 12 is operated so that the 'polyhalogen compound' contained in the liquid waste 111 is 'reactive with Lewis acid loaded'. It can be selectively bonded to the surface of the polymer.

오염된 변압기의 절연유에 포함된 폴리염화비페닐을 선택적으로 제거할 수 있는 기술개발을 통하여, 폐절연유의 재사용에 따른 경제적인 효과 및 폐기물 처리에 따르는 2차 폐기물 발생량을 감소시킬 수 있게 되었을 뿐만 아니라, 폴리염화비페닐, 퍼클로로에틸렌, 디디티, 프레온 및 다이옥신 등의 '폴리할로겐화합물'에 오염된 액체상의 모든 폐기물 처리도 가능하게 되어, 이들 물질에 의한 환경오염 방지에 기여할 수 있게 될 것이다. Through the development of technology to selectively remove polychlorinated biphenyls contained in the insulating oil of contaminated transformers, it is possible to reduce the economic effect of the reuse of waste insulating oil and the amount of secondary waste generated by waste disposal. It is also possible to treat all wastes in the liquid phase contaminated with 'polyhalogen compounds' such as polychlorinated biphenyls, perchloroethylene, dity, freon and dioxin, thereby contributing to the prevention of environmental pollution by these substances.

Claims (3)

'폴리할로겐화합물'로 오염된 액체상의 폐기물 처리에 있어서,In the treatment of liquid waste contaminated with 'polyhalogen compounds', 폐기물에 포함된 제거 대상의 '폴리할로겐화합물'을 '화학적으로 활성화'시킨 후 '루이스산이 담지된 반응성고분자'에 결합시켜 제거하는 것을 특징으로 하는, '폴리할로겐화합물'로 오염된 액체상의 폐기물 처리방법Treatment of liquid waste contaminated with 'polyhalogen compound', characterized in that the 'polyhalogen compound' to be removed in the waste is 'chemically activated' and then bonded to 'reactive polymer loaded with Lewis acid' to remove it. Way 청구항 1의 '폴리할로겐화합물'을 '화학적으로 활성화'시키는 데에 있어서, '폴리할로겐화합물'에 오염된 액체상의 폐기물에 유기과산화물(dibenzoylperoxide, dicumylperoxide, tert-butylperoxybenzoate, etc.), 오존(O3), 과산화수소(H2O2)의 과산화물을 하나 또는 둘 이상 첨가하고, 이를 20℃ 내지 250℃로 가온하는 것을 특징으로 하는, '폴리할로겐화합물'로 오염된 액체상의 폐기물 처리방법In chemically activating the 'polyhalogen compound' of claim 1, organic peroxides (dibenzoylperoxide, dicumylperoxide, tert-butylperoxybenzoate, etc.) and ozone (O 3 ) are used in the liquid waste contaminated with the 'polyhalogen compound'. ), One or two or more peroxides of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and heated to 20 ℃ to 250 ℃, characterized in that the waste treatment method of liquid phase contaminated with 'polyhalogen compound' 청구항 1의 '루이스산이 담지된 반응성 고분자'에 있어서, 삼염화알루미늄(AlCl3) 또는 삼플루오르화붕소(BF3)의 루이스산을, 하나 또는 둘 이상의 관능기(-F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -OH, -COOH, -CH3, -Ph, -COO-, -OCONH-, -CH=CH-)를 포함한 고분자에 고정시킨 것을 특징으로 하는, '폴리할로겐화합물'로 오염된 액체상의 폐기물 처리방법In the reactive polymer carrying a Lewis acid of claim 1, the Lewis acid of aluminum trichloride (AlCl 3 ) or boron trifluoride (BF 3 ) is selected from one or more functional groups (-F, -Cl, -Br,-). I, -OH, -COOH, -CH 3 , -Ph, -COO-, -OCONH-, -CH = CH-), the liquid phase contaminated with a 'polyhalogen compound', characterized in that fixed to the polymer Waste treatment method
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5290432A (en) 1990-05-09 1994-03-01 Chemical Waste Management, Inc. Method of treating toxic aromatic halogen-containing compounds by electrophilic aromatic substitution
KR19990008515A (en) * 1997-07-01 1999-02-05 유현식 Alginate gel water treatment agent for removing heavy metals and method for preparing same
JP2004267691A (en) 2003-03-05 2004-09-30 Matsushita Sangyo:Kk Method for perfectly dechlorinating organic chlorine compound such as trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, polychlorinated biphenyl, dioxins
KR100545687B1 (en) 2003-12-23 2006-01-24 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 Desalination of polyphenyl phenyl using acid solution

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5290432A (en) 1990-05-09 1994-03-01 Chemical Waste Management, Inc. Method of treating toxic aromatic halogen-containing compounds by electrophilic aromatic substitution
KR19990008515A (en) * 1997-07-01 1999-02-05 유현식 Alginate gel water treatment agent for removing heavy metals and method for preparing same
JP2004267691A (en) 2003-03-05 2004-09-30 Matsushita Sangyo:Kk Method for perfectly dechlorinating organic chlorine compound such as trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, polychlorinated biphenyl, dioxins
KR100545687B1 (en) 2003-12-23 2006-01-24 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 Desalination of polyphenyl phenyl using acid solution

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