KR100608534B1 - Friction welding method and apparatus for bulk metallic glass - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a friction welding method and apparatus for a bulk amorphous metal material,

A step of biting and fixing the rotating side metal member m1 to the rotary chuck 12-1, biting the pressing side metal member m2 to the pneumatic gripper 13-1, and applying and fixing air pressure to the control unit 18 Setting and inputting a working condition to computer equipment 18-1 on the crankshaft, rotating the chuck 12-1 and the rotating side metal material m1 at a constant speed, and the pneumatic gripper 13-1) to linearly move and pressurize the pressurized side metal material m2 toward the rotating side metal material m1 and pressurize the air pressure on the pneumatic gripper 13-1 to the completion of welding due to the pressurization. By providing a friction welding method comprising the step of releasing and stopping the rotation of the spindle on the drive unit 12 and the friction welding apparatus for its implementation,

In the case of friction welding of specific materials such as bulk amorphous metal materials, very high bond strength can be obtained. As a result, it is expected to increase the workability of bulk amorphous metal materials having excellent mechanical and thermal properties and to greatly expand the application range. .

Bulk amorphous metal, friction welding.

Description

Friction welding method and apparatus for bulk metallic glass

1 is a graph showing a change in load and spindle speed in the conventional continuous drive friction welding process, respectively,

2 is a graph showing the load and the spindle speed change respectively in the conventional inertial friction welding process,

3 is a friction welding process diagram of a bulk amorphous metal material according to an embodiment of the present invention,

Figure 4 is a graph showing the load and the spindle speed change, respectively, during the friction welding process of the bulk amorphous metal material according to an embodiment of the present invention,

5 is a front view of a friction welding apparatus of a bulk amorphous metal material according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a plan view of a friction welding apparatus of a bulk amorphous metal material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

        1: friction welding device 11: bed

       12: drive unit 12-1: rotary chuck

       13 pressurization portion 13-1: pneumatic gripper

     13-2: proximity sensor 14: pressing force transmission unit

     14-1: Pressure Bar 14-2: Pneumatic Actuator

       15: pressurizing unit position adjusting unit 15-1: handle

       16: air pressure transmission unit 16-1: air pressure piping

     16-2: solenoid valve 17: compressor

       18: control unit 19: power supply

       m1: rotating side metal material m2: pressing side metal material

The present invention relates to a friction welding method and apparatus for a bulk amorphous metal material. More particularly, the present invention relates to a friction welding method and apparatus of a preferred embodiment in which crystallization phenomenon at the time of welding does not occur and exhibits excellent bonding strength.

Friction welding is a processing technique in which a frictional heat is generated between two metal materials and they are mutually pressurized to melt-bond, that is, weld.

Such friction welding is not only capable of welding between different materials, but also has excellent bonding strength, easy process control, and high economical efficiency.

The basic principle of friction welding is, in simple terms, the reason that these metals are joined together via local melting due to the frictional heat generated at the contact surfaces of the two metals in relative rotational motion.

The friction welding may be of various types depending on the type of the relative rotational motion, the stopping method, etc., but it is generally divided into a continuous drive type and an inertia type.

First, the continuous drive friction welding method will be described.

While one metal to be welded is pinched by a rotary chuck on a fixed position drive, the other metal to be welded is bitten by a linearly movable pressure chuck, and then the rotary chuck on the drive is operated to move the one metal at a constant speed. Rotate

Subsequently, the other metal material on the pressure chuck is moved toward the metal material on the rotating chuck which is rotating at high speed to press the metal material to generate frictional heat therebetween.

In the following description process, the welding target metal material bitten by the said rotary chuck is called a rotating side metal material, and the welding target metal material bitten by the said pressure chuck is called a pressurizing side metal material.

When the frictional contact is heated to an appropriate temperature, a brake is used to suddenly stop the main shaft on the drive unit and further pressurize the pressing side metal material toward the rotating side metal material, and as the frictional heat of the contact portion rises significantly, the fusion bonding between the two metal materials occurs. That is, welding is performed.

In the case of the inertial friction welding method, one metal to be welded is bitten by a rotary chuck equipped with a flywheel, while the other metal to be welded is bitten on a pressurized chuck linearly movable, and then the flywheel, the rotary chuck and the metal bite thereof. Rotate until it reaches a certain speed.

Subsequently, when the flywheel is separated from the main shaft on the driving unit by using a clutch and the pressurizing side metal material is pressurized to a constant pressure against the rotating side metal material which is rotating at high speed, the flywheel rotational speed is gradually reduced due to the frictional resistance, while also the contact portion Due to the increase in frictional heat, welding between the two metals takes place.

The process differences between the two friction welding methods will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, which show load and spindle speed changes, respectively, during the continuous driven friction welding and inertia friction welding processes.

In the case of continuous driven friction welding, two-stage loads, that is, friction and pressing force, are applied to the frictional contact between the metals during welding, while inertial friction welding has only a single load, that is, welding force.

In addition, in the case of continuous driven friction welding, the spindle speed is sharply reduced, whereas in the case of inertial friction welding, it is gradually reduced.

On the other hand, the condition factors in friction welding include friction pressure, friction time, spindle speed, and the like, and different welding methods and process conditions are selected for each material to be welded.

For conventional commercial crystalline metal materials, an optimum welding method and process conditions are known, and excellent results have been obtained in various materials such as mild steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and alloy steel.

Here, when referring to the bulk amorphous metal material to which the friction welding method and apparatus according to the present invention are applied, the bulk amorphous metal material has excellent workability in the region of temperature considerably lower than that of the normal crystalline metal material due to the amorphous crystal structure. Transition and superplastic deformation behavior).

On the other hand, due to the material properties, the manufacturing possible dimensions are only a few cm, a lot of restrictions were put to practical use.

In order to solve this problem of dimensional limitations, material bonding is required. In the case of the bulk amorphous metal material, it has a different atomic structure from that of a commercial crystalline metal material, and thus exhibits unique mechanical and thermal properties even during friction welding. .

For example, bulk amorphous metal materials do not require the high spindle speed (3000 RPM or more) and long friction contact time (10 seconds or more) required for friction welding of conventional crystalline metal materials.

As a result, considerable difficulties were inevitable in friction welding the bulk amorphous metal material using conventional friction welding methods and apparatus.

In other words, if the conventional friction welding apparatus having a high rotational speed and a high performance braking system is used for friction welding of bulk amorphous metal, continuous driven friction welding requires a very high performance brake, while inertia friction welding is required. In case of friction, the control of friction and welding time is very difficult.

Accordingly, there has been a need for a friction welding method and apparatus suitable for friction welding of the bulk amorphous metal material, which has properties very different from those of ordinary crystalline metal materials.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems and needs, and an object of the present invention is to provide a friction welding method suitable for welding a bulk amorphous metal material having material properties and an apparatus for implementing the same.

The object of the present invention as described above, the rotary chuck connected to the main shaft on the drive unit and the metal to be welded, that is, the other metal to be welded by the pneumatic gripper which is continuously rotated while rotating the metal on the rotating side, namely Friction welding method and its implementation, characterized in that the pressurized side metal material is moved to the rotating side metal material and pressurized at a predetermined pressure, and then the pressurized side metal material is completely bite-released by releasing the air pressure on the pneumatic gripper when the welding is completed. It is achieved by developing a device for.

That is, according to the friction welding method for the bulk amorphous metal material of the present invention, the pressurized side metal material is maintained by using a pneumatic gripper of a linearly movable structure while maintaining the rotational speed of the spindle on the driving portion while the fusion bonding between the metal materials is performed. It is characterized by fixed and pressurized.

In terms of the apparatus, the friction welding apparatus of the present invention is characterized by replacing a conventional pressure chuck as a pneumatic gripper of a linearly movable structure disposed facing the rotary chuck.

That is, while the pressure chuck constituting the conventional friction welding apparatus has only a function of fixing and pressing the welding target metal, that is, the pressing side metal member, the pneumatic gripper constituting the friction welding apparatus of the present invention uses the pressing side metal member. As well as having a function of fixing and pressing, the friction welding according to the press is completed and at the same time, the restraint state on the pressing-side metal material, that is, by completely releasing the bite is characterized by minimizing damage due to the twist of the metal material, that is, the workpiece.

Hereinafter, a friction welding method and apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in the process diagram of Figure 3, the friction welding method of the embodiment of the present invention, the step of clamping the metal material to be welded to the rotary chuck, the step of biting the other metal material to be welded to the pneumatic gripper and applying air pressure to fix it; Setting and inputting working conditions to computer equipment on a control unit; rotating the rotating chuck and the rotating metal on the bite at a constant speed; and linearly moving the pneumatic gripper to move the pressurized metal on the rotating side to the rotating metal. Pressurizing toward the side; releasing the air pressure on the pneumatic gripper to a welding completion point according to the pressing; and stopping the rotation of the spindle on the drive unit.

A significantly different part of the process diagram is the step related to the release of air pressure on the pneumatic gripper, and in the case of the conventional continuous drive or inertia friction welding method, the pressure chuck continues to bite the metal to be welded even after the actual welding is completed. On the other hand, in the present invention, the pressurized side metal material is immediately released by releasing the air pressure on the pneumatic gripper at the same time as the welding completion point.

Thereby, unnecessary calorie | heat amount to the extent that crystallization is caused in the frictional contact part between the metal objects to be welded can be prevented from occurring or remaining.

4 is a graph showing the change in load and spindle speed during the friction welding process according to the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown, the frictional force and the gripping force as well as the spindle speed during the friction welding are unchanged.

Here, the gripping force refers to a load for holding the welding target metal material, that is, the pressing side metal material, inserted into the center portion of the pneumatic gripper.

On the other hand, the release time of the friction force and the gripping force can be exactly matched because these operations are performed by the pneumatic gripper and the actuator.

That is, after the appropriate level of pressurization and welding is performed, the gripping force and the frictional force are simultaneously released as the air pressure for the pneumatic gripper and the actuator is released.

Next, the friction welding apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, which are front and plan views showing the friction welding apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention.

According to the drawings, the friction welding device of the present invention 1 comprises a bed 11 which forms the bottom surface of the device and at the same time supports the respective operating portions, and a rotary chuck 12 which holds the rotating side metal material m1. And a pneumatic gripper (13-1) for holding the pressurizing side metal (m2) as a position facing the rotary chuck (12-1), including a driving portion (12) fixed to one end on the bed (11). And a pressurizing portion 13 linearly movable along the rail 11-1 on the bed 11, and a pressing force including a pressurizing rod 14-1 and a pneumatic actuator 14-2. The structure connected to the pressurizing unit 13 via the transfer unit 14, the pressurizing unit position adjusting unit 15 disposed at the other end on the bed 11, the air pressure pipe 16-1 and The pneumatic gripper 13-1 has a structure connected to the pressurization part position adjusting part 15 via an air pressure connecting part 16 including a solenoid valve 16-2. Control unit for controlling the operation of each part including a compressor (17) for supplying air pressure to the pneumatic actuator (14-2), and the pneumatic gripper (13-1) and the pneumatic actuator (14-2) 18 and a power supply unit 19 for supplying electric power to the entire apparatus.

A proximity sensor 13-2 is mounted below the pneumatic gripper 13-1, which senses a linear movement amount of the pneumatic gripper 13-1, that is, a moving distance of the pressing side metal material m1. It informs the control unit 18.

The pneumatic actuator 14-2 has a double-acting pneumatic cylinder (not shown) therein, and a rear end of the pressurizing rod 14-1 is connected to the pneumatic cylinder tip.

The pressing unit position adjusting unit 15 serves to move the entire pressing unit 13 including the pneumatic gripper 13-1, by turning the handle 15-1 at the right end in the drawing.

In addition, as the pneumatic actuator 14-2 is operated by receiving air pressure from the compressor 17 and the solenoid valve 16-2, the pressurizing rod for moving the pneumatic cylinder 13-1 at the front end to the left and right. (14-1) By arranging a ball bush, that is, a linear bearing 14-3, in which a plurality of steel balls are wrapped around the outer circumferential portion, the frictional contact between the metals to be welded m1 and m2 proceeds. It is desirable to mitigate vibration.

The pneumatic gripper 13-1 constituting the friction welding device 1 for the bulk amorphous metal material of the embodiment of the present invention is a general hand PH14-80 type manufactured by Pretec, and has a working air pressure of 5 kgf / The theoretical gripping force under cm2 is 156 kgf-179 kgf.

In the friction welding apparatus of the said Example of this invention, the said proximity sensor 13-2 used the PR12-4 type of Autonics company as a high frequency oscillation type DC 3-wire sensor.

In more detail, the use form or principle of the proximity sensor, in the case of the bulk amorphous metal material, in spite of a fairly short friction time, the characteristics of high bonding strength by releasing the oxidized portion due to excellent superplastic deformation in the form of a protrusion on the frictional contact boundary In this case, when the pressing side metal material is moved toward the rotation side metal material by more than a set value, it is regarded as the generation of the protrusion, that is, a good welding completion, and the operation is finished.

Reference numerals 18-1 and 18-2 denote computer equipment and a control panel as main parts of the controller 18, and reference numerals R and TB denote numerals. Relay and terminal blocks are shown respectively.

As the friction welding apparatus of the bulk amorphous metal material according to the embodiment of the present invention has the above structure, the metal to be welded m1 and m2 on the rotary chuck 12-1 and the pneumatic gripper 13-1, respectively. ), And then use the computer equipment 18-1 and the control panel 18-2 on the control unit 18 to set main working conditions such as proper pressing force and pressure amount (linear movement distance of the pneumatic gripper), By inputting and pressing the operation button, only the start operation command is performed, and the friction welding suitable for the bulk amorphous metal material is performed.

That is, as mentioned in the process drawing description process, the step of rotating the rotary chuck 12-1 at a constant speed at the same time as the start of the operation, and the pneumatic gripper 13-1 is linearly moved (to the left in the drawing) Pressurizing the pressing side metal member m2 toward the rotating side metal member m1 to generate frictional heat, and when the pneumatic gripper 13-1 moves by a predetermined distance, the proximity sensor 13-2 is moved. Detecting this to inform the control unit 18, and by sending an electrical signal from the control unit 18 to the solenoid valve (16-2) to change the flow path therein the air pressure on the pneumatic gripper (13-1) A step of releasing, a step of completely releasing the pressurizing side metal m2 from the pneumatic gripper 13-1, and a brake (not shown) installed in the driving unit 12 to operate the rotary chuck. Operations such as stopping (12-1) Steps proceed in sequence.

As mentioned above, although the friction welding method and apparatus of the bulk amorphous metal material of the Example of this invention were demonstrated in detail based on an accompanying drawing, those skilled in the art to which this invention belongs, various structural changes are possible within the basic meaning of this invention. Etc. may be possible.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, although air is used as a working fluid for fixing or linearly moving the pressurized side metal, it may be used as an oil instead of a pneumatic actuator.

Further, in the above embodiment, a complete automation system is constructed by configuring a control unit as computer equipment, but some operations may be manually performed by an operator.

However, the rotating side metal member is continuously rotated, while the pressing side metal member serving as the counterpart welding member is moved to the rotating side metal member and pressurized to a predetermined pressure, and then the pressing side metal member is completely released at the same time as the welding completion point. As long as it is a friction welding method and a device for the implementation thereof, it will be understood that minor structural modifications as exemplified above also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

As described above, according to the friction welding method and apparatus of the present invention, by using the superplastic deformation behavior in the low temperature region and suppressing the crystallization tendency during the welding process, even during friction welding of specific materials such as the bulk amorphous metal material Very good joint strength can be obtained.

As a result, it is expected to increase the workability of the bulk amorphous metal material having excellent mechanical and thermal properties, and to thereby greatly expand the application range.

Claims (6)

Friction of the bulk amorphous metal material which joins these metal materials m1 and m2 by the frictional heat of the friction contact part by mutually pressurizing the rotating side metal material m1 on the drive part 12, and the pressing side metal material m2 on the pressing part 13 mutually. In the welding method, the rotating side metal material m1 on the driving part 12 is continuously rotated while the pressing side metal material m2 on the pressing part 13 is moved toward the rotating side metal material m1 to press and then welded. Friction welding method for a bulk amorphous metal material, characterized in that the pressing side metal material (m2) is completely bite release at the same time as the name. The method of claim 1, In the friction welding method of the amorphous metal material, a step of fixing the rotating side metal material m1 to the rotary chuck 12-1, and applying a pneumatic pressure to the pneumatic gripper 13-1 and applying the air pressure And setting and inputting working conditions to the computer equipment 18-1 on the control unit 19, and the rotating chuck 12-1 and the rotating side metal material m 1 bited therein at a constant speed. Rotating the pneumatic gripper 13-1 and linearly moving the pneumatic gripper 13-1 to press the pressurized side metal material m 2 toward the rotary side metal material m 1, and to reach the completion time of welding according to the pressurization. A method of friction welding of a bulk amorphous metal material, comprising the steps of releasing the air pressure on (13-1) and stopping the rotation of the spindle on the drive portion (12). The method of claim 2, The welding completion point is found by detecting the linear movement distance of the pneumatic gripper 13-1 by the proximity sensor 13-2 mounted below the pneumatic gripper 13-1 on the pressing part 13. Friction welding method of bulk amorphous metal material. A bed 11 which forms the bottom surface of the device and at the same time supports the respective operating portions; A driving unit 12 including a rotating chuck 12-1 for holding the rotating side metal member m1 and fixed to one end of the bed 11; Pneumatic gripper (13-1) for holding the pressing side metal material (m2) as a position facing the rotary chuck (12-1), and pressurized linearly movable along the rail (11-1) on the bed (11) Section 13; A structure connected to the pressurizing unit 13 via a pressing force transmission unit 14 including a pressurizing rod 14-1 and a pneumatic actuator 14-2, and is disposed at the other end of the bed 11. A pressurizing unit position adjusting unit 15; The pneumatic gripper 13-1 is connected to the pressurization part position adjusting unit 15 via an air pressure connecting part 16 including an air pressure pipe 16-1 and a solenoid valve 16-2. And a compressor 17 for supplying air pressure to the pneumatic actuators 14-2, respectively; A control unit 18 for controlling the operation of each part including the pneumatic gripper 13-1 and the pneumatic actuator 14-2; A friction welding apparatus (1) of bulk amorphous metal material, characterized in that it comprises a power supply unit (19) for supplying power to the entire apparatus. The method of claim 4, wherein Below the pneumatic gripper 13-1, a proximity sensor 13-2 which detects the linear movement amount of the pneumatic gripper 13-1, that is, the moving distance of the pressing side metal material m1 and informs the control unit 18, Friction welding device (1) of bulk amorphous metal, characterized in that it is mounted. The method of claim 4, wherein A friction welding apparatus (1) of bulk amorphous metal material, characterized in that a linear bearing (14-3) having a shape in which a plurality of steel balls are wrapped is disposed at an outer circumference of the pressure bar (14-1).

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