KR100576183B1 - Emulsion explosives composition for controlled blasting - Google Patents

Abstract

We developed a low-power, high-impact emulsion precision explosive for use in controlled blasting in tunnels. As explosives of a different type and composition than the conventional precision explosives, it is possible to solve the safety problems in the manufacture and use of dynamite-based explosives, and to solve the problems of high strength and weak impact resistance of general emulsion-based explosives. To reduce the weight of explosives, the explosive weight of explosives is lowered. To prevent the dead pressure caused by the explosion pressure and side wall effect of adjacent holes, the use of strong microspheres or a large amount of microspheres provides an explosive emulsion-based explosives for controlled blasting. .

Description

Emulsion explosives composition for controlled blasting

The present invention relates to a precision explosive emulsion-based explosives for use in blasting sites, such as tunnels, open-air, stone harvesting, and more specifically, the explosive force is too large to crack or sawtooth on the final drilling surface after blasting In addition, the present invention relates to an emulsion explosive explosive for controlling blasting, which is composed of an emulsion-based explosive in order to prevent the occurrence of residual blasting due to dead pressure caused by adjacent pressure blasting and dead pressure due to side effect.

Usually, explosives used in blasting are more preferable as the power is stronger, but it is not always preferable because the power is strong depending on the use. For example, rocks, such as marble, are used as a mass and are less valuable when they are crushed.In order to separate such rocks by blasting, instead of explosives such as those of a strong medicine type, they are usually weak. Gunpowder, such as gunpowder, is used.

If a powerful explosive is used for blasting as in the general blasting around the tunnel, unnecessary rocks are also crushed, causing the risk of falling rocks, and increasing the consumption of concrete used in the lining stage. Also, in the open blasting, it is important to minimize the damage of the remaining rocks by cutting as little as possible to finish the cross section by cutting, so it is desirable that the explosive power of the explosive power used in the blasting or the explosive used in the blasting be properly controlled. Do.

Dynamite-based gunpowder formulation containing nitroglycerin is low specific gravity, low velocity, low impact pressure and excellent detonation. However, because of the use of nitroglycerin components, there have been efforts to solve such problems because of bad smell, dangerous, bad gas and poor manufacturing and use. By lowering the power, the development of the controlled explosive emulsion explosives has been proposed that does not have the problems of the dynamite-based gunpowder composition.

 As a solution to reduce the power of the emulsion explosives to be used for controlled blasting, it is possible to control the space around the explosives in the blasting hole to control the power or to reduce the detonation pressure.

Control of the space is usually made through the control of the decoupling index (ratio of the diameter of the blasting hole and the diameter of the explosive), and as the decoupling index increases, the detonation pressure acting on the inner wall of the blasting hole rapidly decreases, thereby reducing the violence. However, when the power is reduced through the increase in the decoupling index, the explosives are expelled by one row compared to the air gap, and when the blasts are expelled, the explosives of the detonator presses the space between the air walls and the explosives and compresses the drug in the core. This high specific gravity causes a dead-pressure phenomenon, and causes a problem of causing side wall effects (Channel Effect) due to voids between the blast holes and explosives remaining. Especially in case of controlled blasting, the distance between explosives is very important.

As a method for controlling blasting by changing the composition of the emulsion explosives, the method of reducing the blasting power of the explosives by reducing the specific gravity of the emulsion explosive composition has been studied. Death pressure caused by is not solved.

An object of the present invention is to provide an emulsion-based explosive composition for controlled blasting that is weak at the same time and capable of withstanding dead pressure due to the side wall effect.

 The present invention for achieving the above object is an emulsion explosive composition comprising an oxidizing agent aqueous solution, an emulsifier, an oil and a microbubble that is a bubble support agent, the emulsion explosive composition is a glass micropore of 0.2-0.4 g / cc specific gravity It provides an emulsion-based explosive composition for controlled blasting, characterized in that it comprises 4 to 15% by weight of a sphere (GMB), or 0.5 to 3% by weight of a plastic microspheres (PMB) having a specific gravity of 0.025 to 0.08. .

The oxidant aqueous solution included in the emulsion explosive composition may be selected from the group consisting of ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium chlorate, sodium perchlorate, monomethylamine nitrate, hydrazine nitrate, water, and the like. , Mineral oil, diesel oil, and the like. As an emulsifier, SMO (Sorbitan monoleate), PIBSAamine salt (Amine salt of Polyisobutylene succinicanhydride) and the like can be used conventionally, there is no particular limitation. In the emulsion explosive composition, it is preferable that the microspheres as the bubble support agent use free microspheres (hereinafter referred to as GMB) or plastic microspheres (hereinafter referred to as PMB).

The GMB, which is used to lower the power of the emulsion explosive and prevent the fire pressure caused by dead pressure, preferably has a specific gravity in the range of 0.2-0.4 g / cc in order to prevent dead pressure caused by the side wall effect in controlled blasting. GMB within the above range is also preferably used within the range of 4-15% by weight of the emulsion explosive composition. If the content of GMB is less than 4% by weight or the specific gravity range is less than 0.2, it can be deadly during blasting by the sidewall effect.If the specific gravity of GMB is more than 0.4, it is difficult to manufacture GMB and exceeds 15% by weight. If used, the cost of the final product is excessively high.

The PMB, which is used to selectively lower the power of the emulsion explosive and prevent the explosion caused by dead pressure, preferably has a specific gravity range of 0.025-0.08 g / cc in order to prevent dead pressure caused by the side wall effect in controlled blasting. . It is also preferable that the PMB within the above range is used within the range of 0.5-3% by weight of the emulsion explosive composition.

If the specific gravity range is less than 0.025, it is difficult to manufacture PMB, which may be a problem in the process.If the PMB content is less than 0.5% by weight or if the specific gravity range is more than 0.08 g / cc, the sidewall effect is controlled. Death can occur. In addition, when the content of PMB exceeds the content, the problem of excessively increasing the cost of the final product occurs.

The specific gravity of the final emulsion-based explosive using GMB or PMB in the specific gravity range in the weight range is in the range of 0.9-1.1 g / cc.

    EXAMPLE

  <Note 1> Speed (m / sec)

         The rate at which the explosive explodes, as tested in the open state.

   Note 2 Tandong Gupo (%)

         It is a relative comparison value when TNT is set to 100 as a method of measuring the static power of explosives.

   <Note 3> Impact resistance

         28mm dynamite (Dose 125g) and emulsion explosives (32mm, 250g) made in the composition of the test example were placed in parallel at a distance of 2m depth, and when they explode with a delay of 200ms, emulsion explosives were exploded at 200ms. This non-explosive distance (3 times in all three times) is taken as the underwater full distance. This underwater descent distance indicates the degree of impact resistance of the explosive, and the closer it is, the better the impact resistance is.

Example 1

90 ° C consisting of 91.5% oxidant solution at 90 ° C. consisting of 70% by weight of ammonium nitrate, 13% by weight of sodium nitrate, 5% by weight of monomethylnitrate, and 12% by weight of water, 50% by weight of wax, and 50% by weight of mineral oil. 1.5% by weight of SMO or PIBSAamine salt emulsifier at 90 ° C. was added to 2% by weight of the fuel solution to emulsify it with an emulsifier to make an emulsion, and 5% by weight of glass microspheres having a specific gravity of 0.2g / cc were added. / cc explosives were made and filled in plastic tubes 17mm in diameter and 500mm in length to make precision explosives. Its speed was 4200m / s, the ballistic ball 100% and the impact resistance was 50cm, which was suitable as a precision explosive.

 Example 2

  The emulsion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and 8 wt% of the glass microspheres having a specific gravity of 0.25 g / cc were added to make an explosive having a specific gravity of 1.01, which was then filled in a plastic tube as in Example 1 to make a precision explosive. Its speed was 4000 m / s, the ballistic ball was 95%, and the impact resistance was 40 cm.

 Example 3

  The preparation of the emulsion is the same as in Example 1 above, and 10 wt% of the glass microspheres having a specific gravity of 0.32 g / cc is added to 90 wt% of the emulsion to make an explosive having a specific gravity of 1.09 g / cc as in Example 1 above. Filled with plastic tube to make precision explosives. Its speed was 3800m / s, the ballistic ball was 90%, and the impact resistance was 30cm.

 Example 4

  The emulsion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and 12% of the glass microspheres having a specific gravity of 0.37 g / cc were added to the 88% by weight of the emulsion to make an explosive having a specific gravity of 1.08 g / cc. Filled with a tube to create a precision explosive. Its speed was 3600 m / s, 85% of ballistic balls and 20 cm of impact resistance were suitable as precision explosives.

  Example 5

 The preparation of the emulsion is the same as in Example 1, and the explosive having a specific gravity of 1.01 g // cc was prepared by adding 0.8% by weight of the plastic microspheres having a specific gravity of 0.025 g / cc to the 99.9% by weight of the emulsion. It was filled with plastic tube together to make precision explosives. Its speed was 4400 m / s, 105% was ballistic ball and impact resistance was 50 cm, which was suitable as a precision explosive.

 Example 6

  Preparation of the emulsion is the same as Example 1 and 98.7% by weight of the emulsion and 1.3% by weight of plastic micro-spheres having a specific gravity of 0.042g / cc was added to make an explosive having a specific gravity of 1.03g / cc plastic as in Example 1 Filled with a tube to create a precision explosive. Its speed was 4200 m / s, the ballistic ball 100% and the impact resistance was 40 cm, which was suitable as a precision explosive.

 Example 7

  The emulsion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the plastic microspheres having a specific gravity of 0.06 g / cc were added to 1.8.2% by weight of the emulsion to make an explosive having a specific gravity of 1.07 g / cc. Filled with a tube to create a precision explosive. Its speed was 4000 m / s, the ballistic ball was 95%, and the impact resistance was 30 cm.

 Example 8

  The preparation of the emulsion is the same as in Example 1, and the plastic microspheres having a specific gravity of 0.07 g / cc in 2.0% by weight of 98% by weight of the emulsion were prepared with an explosive having a specific gravity of 1.09 g / cc. It was filled with plastic tube together to make precision explosives. Its speed was 3800m / s, the ballistic ball was 90%, and the impact resistance was 20cm, which was suitable as a precision explosive.

 Comparative Example 1

  The preparation of the emulsion is the same as in Example 1 above, by adding 3.0% by weight of glass microspheres having a specific gravity of 0.2g / cc to 3.0% by weight of the emulsion to make an explosive having a specific gravity of 1.15g / cc as in Example 1 above. Filled with plastic tube to make precision explosives. Its speed was 5000m / s, the ballistic ball was 115%, and the impact resistance was 120cm, so the power was high and the impact resistance was low.

 Comparative Example 2

  The preparation of the emulsion is the same as in Example 1, the 4.0% by weight of the glass micro-spheres having a specific gravity of 0.15g / cc 4.0% by weight of the emulsion to make an explosive having a specific gravity of 1.09g / cc as in Example 1 Filled with plastic tube to make precision explosives. Its speed was 4500m / s, the ballistic ball 110%, the impact resistance was 150cm, which was not suitable as a precision explosive because of its high ballistic ball power and low impact resistance.

 Comparative Example 3

 The preparation of the emulsion is the same as in Example 1 above, and the explosives having a specific gravity of 1.18 g / cc were prepared by adding 0.3% by weight of the micromicrospheres having a specific gravity of 0.025 g / cc to the 99.7% by weight of the emulsion. Filled with plastic tube to make precision explosives. Its speed was 5200m / s, 125% of ballistic balls, and 50cm of impact resistance was so high that it was not suitable for precision explosives.

 As shown in Examples 1 to 8, the GMB has a specific gravity of 0.2 to 0.37 g / cc, and 5 to 12 wt% of PMB has a specific gravity of 0.025 to 0.07 g / cc and 0.8 to 2.0 weight percent of the explosive. The products manufactured at 0.9 ~ 1.1g / cc showed 3,600 ~ 4,400m / sec of speed, 85 ~ 105% of ballistic balls, and impact resistance of 20 ~ 50cm. Precise explosives using conventional emulsion explosives are explosives of 5,000 m / sec or more and 115% or more of ballistic balls, with high explosive power and impact resistance of 120 cm or more. It was not suitable as.

  In Comparative Example 2, precision explosives were prepared using 4.0 wt% of glass microspheres having a specific gravity of 0.15 g / cc, but were also unsuitable for their high power and low impact resistance. Plastic microspheres have the lowest 0.025g / cc of true specific gravity, and products below that are difficult to manufacture. Therefore, there is no test data below 0.025.

 Effects of the emulsion-based explosives invented as described above are as follows.

It does not use chemical preservatives (nitroglycerin, etc.) compared to conventional dynamite-based explosives, which increases manufacturing and use safety, and significantly lowers the high violence, which is a problem of conventional emulsion-based explosives, and increases impact resistance. The optimum conditions as the precision explosives were made. According to the test blasting, the after-gases generated after the blasting were also very good because the chemical preservatives were excluded, and no residual drug was generated due to dead pressure.

Claims (2)

In the controlled-explosion emulsion explosive composition comprising an oxidizing agent aqueous solution, an emulsifier, an oil and a bubble support agent, As a foam support agent, it contains 4-15 weight% of glass microspheres (GMB) with a specific gravity of 0.2-0.4 g / cc, Emulsion explosive composition for controlled blasting, characterized in that the specific gravity of the composition is 0.9 to 1.1 g / cc. In the controlled-explosion emulsion explosive composition comprising an oxidizing agent aqueous solution, an emulsifier, an oil and a bubble support agent, Bubble support agent contains 0.5 to 3% by weight of plastic microspheres (PMB) having a specific gravity of 0.025 to 0.08 g / cc, Emulsion explosive composition for controlled blasting, characterized in that the specific gravity of the composition is 0.9 to 1.1 g / cc.