KR100568753B1 - District heating system utilizing combined heat and power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a district heating system that utilizes electricity and heat generated during cogeneration.

The present invention does not use hot water or high temperature steam of 100 ° C. or more generated during cogeneration, but supplies electric hot water and heating hot water below 90 ° C. to small apartment complexes, office buildings, and small factory complexes 24 hours a day, 24 hours a day. In order to recover heat generated from a cogeneration generator composed of a generator and a generator driving engine and supply it to a heat source, the hot water is supplied to a hot water supply distributor, and the hot water supplied from the hot water supply distributor is a plate heat exchanger. Heat exchange, so that the hot water is supplied to the heat demand to provide a uniform temperature without a temperature difference, and the hot water cooled through the heat exchanger is collected in a hot water return distributor, and through the one drain pipe, the cogeneration generator is cooled to cool The first and second boilers to be installed, if necessary, Alternatively, after being heated to a high temperature and circulated to a hot water supply through a hot water supply distributor, the heat energy recovery rate is high, and it provides a constant temperature of hot water at all times, and through the hot water supply distributor and the hot water return distributor, It is a very useful invention that can be supplied or repaired, the piping design is simple, can be inexpensively installed, can easily cope with the increase and decrease of equipment as needed, and can obtain electricity production and thermal energy at low cost.

Description

District heating system utilizing combined heat and power plant

1 is a block diagram of a district heating system applying the present invention to a small apartment complex.

2 is a basic conceptual diagram of a district heating system according to the present invention.

3 is a basic conceptual diagram of a district heating system by conventional cogeneration.

The present invention relates to a small scale district heating system using cogeneration, and in particular, most of the electricity required as a cogeneration system in an apartment complex, a business building, a small factory complex, etc. is produced in-house, and an arrangement generated during cogeneration is generated. The present invention relates to a small-scale district heating system using cogeneration to recycle and provide hot water and domestic hot water to heat sources.

In general, an apartment complex, a business building, or a small factory complex uses a lot of electricity, and it can be seen that a boiler facility is provided to provide hot water.

Normally, electricity is supplied from electricity companies (KEPCO) and used. However, electricity is very expensive because it has a lot of energy loss such as heat loss lost during the production process and transmission loss to each recipient. It can be seen that

In consideration of this, it can be seen that recently, electricity is produced on its own, and a combined heat and power plant facility using an arrangement which is incidentally generated at the same time as electricity production is adopted.

Cogeneration is a power generation method that generates electricity and heat at the same time, increasing the energy utilization rate to 70 ~ 90% (more than twice the existing power generation). Recycling to obtain electricity and thermal energy inexpensively, and it can be seen that it has many advantages besides the advantages of improving energy efficiency and reducing air pollution.

The present invention relates to a district heating system that provides electricity and hot water (heating and domestic hot water) to a small area using cogeneration, and in detail, an apartment complex will be described.

In the existing apartment complex (apartment complex), the heating method can be described in two ways.

One can be divided into the individual heating method employing individual heaters in each house and the central heating method that supplies heating and hot water from the center.

The present invention produces most of the electricity required by cogeneration in a centralized heat demand such as an apartment complex, and provides hot water by recycling the arrangement generated during the simultaneous generation of electricity.

The existing heating demand for centralized heating, that is, the heating system of apartment complexes, uses fuels such as BC oil, LNG, and LPG to operate the boiler and supply hot water by intermittently supplying 3-5 times a day. .

The conventional centralized heating method is to produce steam in a boiler, and to heat the produced steam with high temperature water through a heat exchanger to provide hot water, and to use a large-capacity boiler, a heat exchange method for exchanging steam with hot water. You can see a lot of heat loss.

In view of this, the present invention has been conceived, and in heating small areas by using cogeneration, heat is produced by using an arrangement generated during generation to minimize the heat loss of production and provide hot water continuously for 24 hours To provide a system.

Such a heating system by cogeneration is patent registration No. 10-383559 "small area heating system using cogeneration" and patent registration No. 10-393394 "cold water using cogeneration" Continuous district heating system ".

In particular, the small-scale district heating system using the cogeneration system is a hot water supply distributor for supplying hot water to a heat source, as shown in FIG. 3, and the hot water recovered from the array of the generator and the hot water produced from the boiler 1 and the boiler, respectively. Although it can be seen that the pipes are supplied to the hot water supply distributor through parallel piping method, this piping method has a complicated piping facility, and it has the disadvantage that it cannot provide hot water with uniform temperature to the hot water supply distributor. .

In view of this, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the first boiler, the second boiler, and the cogeneration generator, which are supplied to the hot water supply distributor, are arranged in a line, that is, in series, and the hot water generated by one hot water pipe is connected to the hot water supply distributor. It is to supply uniform hot water at all times, and to provide a cogeneration system for easy maintenance due to the simple plumbing facilities.

The present invention has been developed to be appropriately employed in a small area heating system, using the cogeneration to directly produce and supply most of the electricity required in a certain area, and waste energy by recycling the arrangement generated during cogeneration Minimize the supply of hot water 24 hours a day by using a small auxiliary boiler, and minimize the energy cost of electric energy and heat energy. It aims to be able to obtain effects such as substance reduction.

In particular, the present invention adopts a series piping system in which the heat recovery devices of the first and second boilers and the cogeneration plant that supply heat to the heat demands are installed on one pipe line, so that the hot water demands are always uniform. It is another object to provide high efficiency and cogeneration system by simplifying pipe arrangement and simplifying maintenance and minimizing heat loss.

The present invention is to take care of small-scale district heating by using cogeneration, for example, the heat demand is composed of a plurality of apartment buildings, for example, but the heat demand is excellent in a small factory complex or several commercial buildings other than the apartment complex Of course it applies.

In other words, in the district heating system using cogeneration, which provides heating hot water and domestic hot water to the heat demands of many apartment buildings (A) (B) (C), and generates most of the electricity necessary,

Each building (A) (B) (C) of the apartment building consists of 11H, 11B, 12A, 12B, 13A, 13B, and hot water supply and drainage pipe 14A, 14B. ), (15A) (15B), (16A) (16B), the domestic hot water supply pipe (11A), 12A, 13A is connected to the hot water storage tank 21, the domestic hot water supply pipe (11A) ( 12A) 13A is connected to the hot water storage tank 21 via the plate heat exchanger 17A, 17B, 17C for domestic hot water, and the plate heat exchanger 17A, 17B, 17C for domestic hot water. The water supply pipes 11C, 12C, and 13C are connected to the hot water supply distributor 22, and the drain pipes 11D, 12D, and 13D are connected to the hot water return distributor 23, and each building (A) ( B) (C) heating hot water supply and drain pipes (14A) (14B), (15A) (15B), (16A) and (16B) are connected to a plate heat exchanger (18A) (18B) and (18C) for heating and hot water. The water supply pipes 14C, 15C and 16C of the plate heat exchanger 18A, 18B and 18C for heating hot water are connected to the hot water supply distributor 22, and the drain pipes 14D, 15D and 16D are hot water return. Is connected to the dispenser 23 and the Drainage pipe 24 of the water receiver distributor 23 is connected to the generator (G) to provide the cooling water of the generator (G), at the same time connected to the first boiler (B1), the second boiler (B2) 1 The hot water heated from the second boiler (B1) (B2), or the hot water recovered from the array of the generator (G) is to have a structure that is transferred to the hot water supply distributor 22 through the water supply pipe (25).

In addition, the drain pipe 24 leading to the generator (G) in the above to have an emergency cooler (31) for cooling it when the temperature of the drainage is high, the living hot water drainage pipe of each copper (A) (B) (C) (11B) (12B) and (13B) to have a supplemental water supply pipe (33B) 34B (35B), respectively, and the hot water return distributor (23) to have a water quantity adjustment tank 32 to adjust the amount of water. will be.

In addition, in the above, the circulated water recovered from the hot water return distributor 23 is reheated through the boiler (B1), boiler (B2), boiler (B3), generator (G) to supply again to the hot water supply distributor (22). In the above, the boiler B1, the boiler B2, and the generator G are arranged in series between the hot water return distributor 23 and the hot water supply distributor 22.

는 밸브이며, P는 펌프, 화살표는 용수의 진행방향을 의미한다.Unexplained symbols in the drawings

Is a valve, P is a pump and an arrow is the direction of water flow.

The present invention having the structure as described above will be described in more detail and at the same time as follows.

One of the features of the present invention is that the hot water for heating and living hot water of each copper (A) (B) (C) through each plate heat exchanger (17A) (17B) (17C) (18A) (18B) (18C) The hot water is supplied with hot water, and the hot water supply pipes 11C, 12C, and 13C which supply hot water of high temperature to each of the plate heat exchangers 17A, 17B, 17C, 18A, 18B, and 18C. ) And the heating hot water supply pipe 14C, 15C, 16C are connected to one hot water supply distributor 22, and the plate heat exchanger 17A, 17B, 17C, 18A, 18B, 18C. 11) (12D) (13D) (14D) (15D) and (16D) of the domestic hot water and the heating hot water drainage pipe are connected to one drainage pipe (24) through the hot water return distributor (23), and the hot water supply distributor The hot water feed pipes 11C, 12C, 13C, 14C, 15C, 16C connected to 22 are each plate heat exchanger 17A, 17B, 17C, 18A, 18B connected thereto. According to the heat exchange capacity of (18C) will have each pump (P) for supplying a different amount of water supply, one feed leading to the hot water supply distributor (22) Doeeojim connected to the pipe 25 will have a feature to implement the simplification of piping.

The plate heat exchanger (17A) (17B) (17C) for domestic hot water is introduced into the cooled water returned through each apartment building (A) (B) (C), and recovers heat from the hot water supply, and then the hot water storage tank. (21) and hot water from the hot water storage tank (21) to be supplied through the living hot water supply pipe (11A) (12A) (13A) supply pipe to each building (A) (B) (C) of the apartment do.

Meanwhile, the plate heat exchangers 18A, 18B, and 18C for heating hot water, which provide hot water for heating to each copper (A), (B), and (C), are cooled through each copper (A), (B), and (C) of the apartment. After the return water is heated to a high temperature, the hot water for heating is provided to each building (A) (B) (C) of the apartment, and the plate heat exchanger (18A) (18B) (18C) for the heating hot water is a hot water supply distributor ( After the high temperature hot water is introduced through 22), the cooled water is collected through the hot water return distributor 22 through the drain pipes 14D, 15D, and 16D, and then to the generator G through the water supply pipe 24. After being supplied and heated by the recovery heat obtained by cooling and recovering the generator G and the engine for power generation, the hot water supply distributor 22 is supplied to the hot water supply distributor 22 through a water supply pipe 25. The cooled return water flowing into the drain pipe 24 is heated by the first boiler B1 or the second boiler B2 and then supplied to the hot water supply distributor 22.

The first boiler (B1) or the second boiler (B2) is selectively operated at a time when the temperature of the return water is very low or the amount of hot water used, and during the winter season when the amount of hot water is used, two boilers are operated simultaneously. Will increase the amount of.

If the temperature of the return water collected by the hot water distribution distributor 23 to supply the drain pipe 24 is not suitable to cool the generator G and the branch pipe for the generator, the water is passed through the return water to the emergency cooler 31 to cool the generator. (G) and through the engine for the generator.

The present invention having the structure as described above provides a high thermal efficiency for residential heating systems that require hot water at a temperature of less than 100 ℃, such as domestic hot water or heating hot water, heat supply type direct heat supply type conventional Compared to the parallel heat supply method, the system is simpler in construction and less heat wasted, thus providing a district heating system with high thermal efficiency.

As shown in the above structure, the present invention is effectively applied to a small area heating system for supplying heating water of less than 100 ° C, such as residential heating, to provide power generation and maximum thermal efficiency, and when a facility is expanded, a hot water supply distributor and a hot water return distributor. By simply connecting the necessary pipes, the facility is simply expanded, and the water supply line for supplying hot water to the hot water supply distributor and the water supply line for connecting the hot water return distributor are composed of only one pipe to simplify the piping. In accordance with the present invention, it is a very useful invention to construct an optimal district heating system with little energy waste by selectively operating the first and second boilers.

Claims (4)

It provides heating hot water and domestic hot water to the heat demands of many apartment buildings (A) (B) (C), and is a district heating system using cogeneration that produces most of the electricity itself. Internal combustion engine to generate electrical energy; A heat exchanger configured to circulate hot exhaust gas and engine cooling water generated when the internal combustion engine is driven to generate hot water; A storage tank configured to supply hot water using exhaust gas and engine coolant; Piping connecting each component with a heat demand; In the district heating system consisting of a pump for supplying power for circulation of hot and cold water, each building (A) (B) (C) is a hot water supply and drainage pipe (11A) (11B), (12A) (12B), (13A) (13B) and heating hot water supply / drain pipe (14A) (14B), (15A) (15B), (16A) (16B), and said living hot water supply pipe (11A) (12A) ( 13A is connected to the hot water storage tank 21, and the domestic hot water drain pipes 11B, 12B, and 13B are hot water storage tanks 21 through the plate heat exchangers 17A, 17B, and 17C for domestic hot water. The water supply pipes 11C, 12C, and 13C of the plate heat exchangers 17A, 17B, and 17C for domestic hot water are connected to the hot water supply distributor 22, and drain pipes 11D, 12D, and 13D. ) Is connected to the hot water return distributor (23), the heating hot water supply and drain pipe (14A) (14B), (15A) (15B), (16A) ( 16B is connected to the plate heat exchanger 18A, 18B, 18C for heating hot water, and the water supply pipes 14C, 15C, 16C of the plate heat exchanger 18A, 18B, 18C for heating hot water are It is connected to the water supply distributor 22 and the drain pipes 14D, 15D, 16D are connected to the hot water return distributor 23, the drain pipe 24 of the hot water return distributor 23 is connected to the generator (G). To provide the cooling water of the generator (G), and at the same time connected to the first boiler (B1), the second boiler (B2) and heated from the first second boiler (B1) (B2) or the generator (G). The hot water recovering the arrangement of the) is heated to the hot water supply distributor 22 through the water supply pipe 25, the district heating system using cogeneration. The district heating system using cogeneration according to claim 1, characterized in that the drain pipe (24) leading to the generator (G) has an emergency cooler (31) for cooling it when the temperature of the drain water is high. 2. The supplementary water supply pipes 33B, 34B and 35B are respectively provided on the living hot water drainage pipes 11B, 12B and 13B of each copper (A) (B) (C). The hot water return distributor (23) district heating system using cogeneration, characterized in that it has a water quantity adjustment tank (32) to adjust the amount of water. According to claim 1, wherein the circulated water returned from the hot water distribution distributor 23 is reheated through the boiler (B1), boiler (B2), boiler (B3), generator (G) to be re-heated to the hot water supply distributor (22). In the supply area, the boiler B1, the boiler B2 and the generator G are arranged in series between the hot water return distributor 23 and the hot water supply distributor 22. Heating system.

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