KR100626993B1 - Energy saving type combined local heating system and central heating system in cogeneration system from natural gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a district heating system using city gas such as LPG or LNG as a fuel source and cogeneration as a heat source, and generates heating water using waste heat such as additional heat and heat generated by generating electricity and through each pipe network. When supplying heating heat to households or building offices, a pipe network structure is provided in which a plurality of hot water heat exchangers and heating heat exchangers are respectively installed and connected to an existing individual boiler heating system to share heat energy. The heating boiler installed in each generation of convenient, economical and easy-to-use individual heating system supplies cogeneration and hot water to take advantage of individual heating, and enables continuous heating as well as intermittent heating and hot water supply operation accordingly. Facility cost by miniaturization Saving and a composite heating energy-saving in connection with energy saving is large natural gas fuel source and the individual heating cogeneration central heating effect to increase thermal efficiency in accordance with the economical operation.

Cogeneration, Central Heating, Individual Heating, Multiple Heating, Heat Exchanger, Bypass Pipe, Hot Water Pipe, Heating Pipe, Selection Valve, Boiler

Description

Energy saving type combined local heating system and central heating system in cogeneration system from natural gas}

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional individual heating gas boiler heating system

2 is a schematic diagram of a complex heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is an overall piping configuration of the multi-family house to which the complex heating system of the present invention is applied

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

1: boiler 2: burner

3: Water supply department 4: Heating department

5: hot water supply part 6: heating piping

6a: Heating water supply pipe 6b: Heating water recovery pipe

7: Heating water circulation pump 8: Distributor

9: water supply pump 10: cogeneration generator

11: Hot water pipe 12: Hot water supply pipe

13: Hot water supply pipe 14: Heat-resistant pipe

15: Hot water return pipe 16: Heat exchanger

17: heat exchanger for heating 18: hot water circulation pump

19: Selection valve 20: Pipe shaft (PS)

The present invention relates to an energy-saving combined heating system in which individual heating of a city gas fuel source is combined with central heating of cogeneration. More specifically, the present invention relates to a district heating system using city gas, such as LPG or LNG, as a fuel source and cogeneration as a heat source. It is more convenient and economical than the central heating because it can control the amount of heat used to produce the heating water by using the waste heat such as additional heat generated from the heat generation and the arrangement, and to supply the heating heat to each generation of apartment complex or building office through the pipe network. By supplying heating water to the heating boilers installed by each generation of the individual heating system, the heating system, which is heated separately from the hot water supply time, is shared with individual heating and central heating. Intermittent heating and hot water operation accordingly Because the facility cost can be saved by miniaturization of the boiler is a great heating energy saving effect by improving heat efficiency in accordance with the economical operation.

      The centralized heating system of multi-unit houses developed according to the size of buildings, such as high-rise buildings and large-scale apartments, has been used for heating and hot water supply from the apartment management room (machine room) to the large industrial boilers. Connected heating. It is supplied to each household through a pipe network such as a standing pipe for hot water supply, and the management office adjusts the supply temperature and supply time of heating water and hot water for each household in consideration of the outdoor temperature for each season. Heating water is supplied to each room or living room through the header of each household's heating distributor.

However, the above-mentioned centralized heating system was once preferred because of its high thermal efficiency and convenience, but the labor cost of operating and managing the central boiler was high, the maintenance cost of the boiler and the piping was excessive, and the heating time in each individual household It is inconvenient to use energy control by generation, such as heating temperature control and hot water supply, and it is inconvenient to use due to heating cost proportional to pre-sale area. Uncertainty of supply due to energy change, diversification of heating fuel such as natural gas supply, Due to the change in lifestyle and increased interest due to energy saving, the advantages of central heating have decreased, and individual heating methods with high economic efficiency and space utilization are overwhelmingly increasing. 4 switching to individual heating There are increasing.

As shown in FIG. 1, the boiler system according to the individual heating is provided with a heat-only boiler 1 equipped with a combustion burner 2 that uses city gas as a fuel in each individual household boiler room of the apartment complex. And directly supply the hot water of the low temperature (approximately 4 to 5 ° C.) supplied by the water supply unit 3 to the hot water supply unit 5 through the hot water supply pipe 30 by directly heating the burner 2 with the burner 2. Or heating system that supplies heated hot water (hot water) to a heating pipe (6) of a closed loop composed of a heating water supply pipe (6a) and a heating water return pipe (6b) to circulate the heating water for heating and hot water supply. In the supply pipe 6a, the heating circulation pump 7 and the heating water distributor 8, which supply the power for circulating the heating water, are sequentially connected to the heating unit 4 of each room, living room, and kitchen. The heating water cooled through the heating unit 4 is recovered to the heating water return pipe 6b. By heating the water by circulating the heating water, it is possible to operate the boiler independently as needed as an energy source such as gas constantly supplied and to control the amount of heating energy used by each household. Despite these advantages, there is a need for a large-scale boiler that is proportional to the heat transfer area and space for a dedicated boiler room. The heating time is long because the time is heated to a high temperature to be divided and supplied, and there is a problem in that the temperature of the supply water is high (high temperature water).

      Cogeneration system, which supplies heat energy and electric energy at the same time as the main heat source facility for collective energy supply, recovers the waste heat (array) that is inevitably generated in the process of generating electricity and generating electricity from fuel such as gas. It is a high efficiency energy technology that is usefully used.It is a comprehensive energy system that produces power and heat, which are secondary energy from one primary energy source at the same time. It has the advantages of being environmentally friendly and energy-saving, and recently, large scale centralized cogeneration system concentrated in one place has a problem that the economy of scale is reduced due to the excessive cost and power and heat loss due to the transportation of power and heat. Improved demand for fuel sources, power loads, cooling loads, and heating loads This application is so small, decentralized cogeneration systems for sustainable development server to be able to seamlessly meet the energy load is being improved utilization of waste heat, depending on.

In the district heating of the cogeneration system, instead of individual heating or general central heating, the steam generated from the boiler passes through a turbine generator to produce electric power, and the high temperature district heating produced by using low pressure steam discharged for district heating again. By supplying the water to the machine room of each apartment complex through the transfer pipe and supplying the heating and hot water supply to each household through the heat exchanger, the heating and hot water supply is performed to recover the lost heat from the large-scale heat production facilities. Economically produced heat is supplied all over a certain area to save energy and reduce pollution, but with modified central heating method, heating and heating for exclusive use of conventional cogeneration is caused by seasonal shortage of heating calories. Inadequate utilization of high temperature heat medium It is not reasonable in terms of thermodynamics and economics, such as causing a lot of energy loss due to the generation of return energy. Therefore, the advantages of both are combined by applying the district heating of the cogeneration system to the apartment of the individual heating method that controls the heating for each household. There is an urgent need to construct an economical and efficient heating system that is both alive and well.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems,

It is a district heating system using city gas such as LPG or LNG as a fuel source and cogeneration power generation as a heat source. In order to supply heating heat to offices, it is a pipe network structure that shares heat energy by simply connecting a plurality of hot water supply heat exchangers and heating heat exchangers to each existing boiler heating system. It is a heating boiler installed for each generation of individual heating system, which is convenient and easy to use, and supplies co-generation hot water separately from low temperature hot water supply time to take advantage of individual heating. Can be implemented The facility cost saving in size of the multiple and aims to provide a large natural gas fuel source and the individual heating cogeneration combined heating energy saving linked to the central heating energy saving effect by improving heat efficiency in accordance with the economical operation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and detailed descriptions of well-known components that may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention will be omitted.

The present invention provides a burner (2) for combustion of a gas boiler (1) in a regional central heating system for supplying and circulating heating water derived from a cogeneration generator (10) to a hot water pipe (11) as a heat source using city gas as a fuel. The low-temperature direct water (tap water, time water) supplied from the water supply unit 3 is heated to supply hot water to the hot water supply unit 5 through the hot water supply pipe 30, or the heated hot water (hot water) is supplied to the heating water supply pipe 6a. It is supplied to the heating pipe 6 of the closed loop composed of the heating water return pipe 6b and pumped and discharged by the heating water circulation pump 7 to circulate the heating water via the distributor 8 and the heating unit 4 for heating and In the complex heating system in which the individual heating system for hot water is operated in conjunction with,

A heating heat exchanger (16) is installed in parallel to the hot water heat exchanger (16) and the heating water supply pipe (6a) to one side of the boiler (1) of the individual heating system, but the hot water is supplied directly to the hot water heat exchanger (16). Branched hot water supply pipe (13) via the selection valve 19 on the hot water pipe (11) connected from the hot water supply pipe (30) and the cogeneration generator (10),

In addition, the heat exchanger 17 for heating on the individual heating system heating pipe 6 is a multi-pipe network configuration for connecting the cogeneration zone heating pipe and the individual heating pipe via the heating branch pipe 14 branched by the selection valve 19. It is a configuration to share the heating and hot water heat energy of the boiler of the individual heating system and the cogeneration area heating system.

In the present invention, the hot water circulation pipe for heating and hot water supplied from the cogeneration generator is additionally installed to install the heat exchanger for the hot water supply and the heating so that the individual heating system is optimally combined with the cogeneration power district heating system using the city gas as a fuel source. Efficiently configure cogeneration power district heating system to save energy while saving the advantages of individual heating system and central heating system by splitting and selectively supplying shared heat energy to heating water and hot water according to energy load. As it is characterized by, it is effective to maximize the heating and hot water supply efficiency regardless of seasonal energy load applied to domestic apartments that perform separate individual cooling.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings.

The combined heating system of the present invention is a small scale equipped with a combustion burner (2) using city gas as a fuel to perform heating by controlling heating and hot water supply for each individual generation of an apartment complex like a conventional individual heating system. The heat-only boiler 1 is installed, the hot water heat exchanger 16 is installed on one side of the individual household boiler, and the heat exchanger 17 for heating is installed on the heating pipe 6.

In addition, the low-temperature direct water (tap water, time water) supplied from the water supply unit 3 is pumped by the water supply circulation pump 9 via the hot water heat exchanger 16 to burn the gas boiler 1. The hot water supply pipe 30 is formed to supply hot water to the hot water supply unit 5 by heating the same, and the heating water heated in the combustion burner 2 is pumped by the heating water circulation pump 7 and the hot water distributor 8 The heating pipe 6 of the closed loop for forcibly circulating through the heating unit 4 partitioned into each room and the like is provided together, so that heat and hot water are heated and heated independently as a heat medium. The individual heating system is configured.

 The boiler (1) is a household for heating and supplying low-temperature direct hot water by heating the city gas supplied through a gas pipe (not shown) embedded in a pipe shaft 20 installed in an apartment or the like as a fuel. A heating boiler, which is a primary side pipe for supplying hot water for heating to the heating unit 4 centering on the boiler 1, and a heating water circulation pump 7 for supplying heating water circulation power to the heating water supply pipe 6a; Distributors 8 for distributing the pumped heating water to the heating units 4 of each room, living room, kitchen, and the like are sequentially connected to each other and are recovered through the heating units 4, and the heating water return pipe 6b. ) Is a heating pipe (6) equipped with a heating heat exchanger (17) for heating the cooled heating water to maintain a high temperature, the hot water supply pipe with a hot water supply heat exchanger (16) in the middle as another pipe via the boiler 30 are formed to be independent and supportive Implementation of the heating system and the hot water pipe 11 of the combined heat and power generator to be described later, by a plurality of heat exchanger groups of different functions are connected and share the heat energy.

As described above, the individual heating system includes hot water supply pipe 12 and hot water return pipe 13 as a heat transport pipe of the cogeneration district heating system, and is supplied with hot water pumped by a hot water circulation pump 18 (about 70 to 80 ° C.). Hot water pipe 11 for heating circulation is connected together, and the hot water supply pipe 12 of the hot water pipe 11 is branched to the selection valve 19 at the front end of the inlet of each individual heating system to supply hot water. The hot water exchange pipe (13) is connected to the hot water supply pipe (13), and the heating heat pipe (14) is connected to the heating heat exchanger (17). It is recovered to the cogeneration unit 10 through the continuous circulation, heat energy generated in the cogeneration district heating system and circulating the hot water circulating and can be shared in the individual heating system, so that the heat energy is mutually The hot water is insufficiently supplied by the cogeneration system because it is completely divided and supplied by the cogeneration generator (season heat source), or the cooled water can be heated again by the boiler (1). As a result, the boiler of the individual heating system can be mounted in a small size, thus saving space and reducing the initial investment cost, and economically and significantly reducing the boiler operation time.

       That is, the present invention simply connects the cogeneration heating system to the existing individual heating system as described above, thereby replacing the main pipe with the hot water piping 11 of the cogeneration heating system and assisting the heating piping 6 of the individual heating system. It is possible to share the heat medium for heating by forming a pipe, and the operation mode of hot water supply and heating can be switched by a simple valve operation by the main pipe selection valve (19).

       Therefore, the energy-saving combined heating system in which the cogeneration power plant district heating of the present invention is combined with the individual heating of a domestic boiler constitutes an optimal heating system suitable for seasonal heat load characteristics and demand characteristics, and performs independent heating as well as western radiant heating system. Unlike the heat storage floor heating, the temperature gradient is not large and the heating demand is low or low, so when it is applied to domestic apartments with low heating and cooling loads in summer, hot water piping according to cogeneration can satisfy the hot water supply and heating demand. In large winters, four seasons of continuous heating are possible, in addition to the cogeneration district heating system, using the home boiler heating system as an additional and complementary alternative heat source.

       Hereinafter will be described the operation of the energy-saving combined heating system of the city gas fuel source individual heating and cogeneration combined with central heating according to the present invention.

      Medium temperature water (approximately 70 to 80 ° C.) supplied from the cogeneration machine 1 continues on the hot water pipe 11 through the hot water circulation pump 11 by the pumping discharge action of the hot water circulation pump 18. Optionally, the hot water is branched to the selection valve 19 on the hot water supply pipe 12 and is directly connected to the hot water supply heat exchanger 16 via the hot water supply pipe 13 or as a bypass pipe. The heat exchange effect is carried out in two ways through the home boiler (1) through the heating pipe (6) connected to implement the individual heating cycle to the hot water supply of the hot water supply unit 5, such as heating and bath facilities of the heating unit (4) It is used as, and the hot water cooled by heat exchange is introduced into the hot water return pipe 15 and at the same time implements a cogeneration heating cycle in which the returned hot water is returned to the cogeneration generator 10.

        The heat exchanger of the present invention is located on the hot water pipe (11), heating pipe (6), hot water supply pipe (30), respectively, and performs a thermal relay function to maintain the temperature of the water at an appropriate level, heat exchanger for hot water supply The unit 16 performs a heat exchange action between the hot water supplied from the cogeneration generator 10 and the hot water time water supplied from the water supply unit 3, and the heating heat exchanger 17 is a hot water supplied from the cogeneration generator 10. Heat exchange with the heating water circulated in the heating pipe (6).

       And the selection valve 19 is a valve device including a three-way valve (3way valve) to control the flow rate or change the direction by opening or closing the flow path of the hot water according to the operation mode by the user operation to block the inflow and outflow of hot water The hot water circulation pump 18 is a circulation pump that supplies power to be circulated in the hot water pipe 11 by pumping and discharging hot water supplied from the cogeneration generator 10.

        In addition, the domestic boiler 1 of the individual heating system is an independent alternative energy generating means, and is directly burned by receiving direct water (time water, tap water) of low temperature (4-5 ° C.) directly from the water supply unit 3 without supplying hot water from the cogeneration generator. The heating function can be performed by pumping hot water heated by the burner (2) to the heating water circulation pump (7) and distributing it to the heating unit (4) through the distributor (8). Heat-exchanged to supply hot water or heating, and if the detected water temperature of the cooled hot water is higher than or equal to the preset temperature (for example, 95 ° C), it is supplied to the hot water supply unit 5 as it is, and if it is lower than or equal to the preset temperature, the burner of the boiler 1 Ignite (2) and warm it to use.

       After all, during the winter heating peak with a lot of hot water, the cogeneration heating system is the first to cope with the initial heating and cooling and hot water supply, and the individual heating system is operated auxiliaryly.In the summer with low heat load, only the heat energy of the cogeneration heating system is operated. It will be able to respond flexibly to hot water supply or heating load.

  In this way, the present invention can be implemented by simply installing a pipe network in one small-capacity boiler device installed in an individual household, thus improving the convenience of residents and selectively combining district heating and individual heating as needed. This can contribute to energy saving and cost reduction, and heat energy of the heating medium after heating operation is returned to the cogeneration generator and recycled.

In addition, the present invention has been described based on a complex heating system using a cogeneration system as a heat source as a high efficiency energy system, but is not limited thereto, and can be widely used by replacing a cogeneration system with various heat sources such as a conventional boiler system. .

The present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiment as various substitutions and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. .

The present invention as described above simply connects the hot water pipe connected to the cogeneration unit to the heating and hot water piping of the existing individual heating system to perform independent heating to share the pipe network, but the hot water pipe branched by the user operation to supply hot water And by supplying the heat to the heating heat exchanger to relay the heat, it is possible to perform the four seasons combined heating (hot water supply) in conjunction with district heating and individual heating according to the energy load, thereby reducing the operating time while minimizing the capacity of the domestic boiler It has the effect of contributing to energy saving and cost reduction.

Claims (1)

As a heat source using the city gas as a fuel source, the water supply unit is used as a burner (2) for combustion of the gas boiler (1) to a local central heating system that supplies and circulates the heating water derived from the cogeneration generator (10) to the hot water pipe (11). 3) by supplying hot water to the hot water supply unit 5 through the hot water supply pipe 30 by heating the low-temperature direct water (tap water, water) from the heating water supply pipe 6a and the heating water return An individual supplying the heating pipe 6 of the closed loop composed of the pipe 6b and pumping and discharging it by the heating water circulation pump 7 to circulate the heating water through the distributor 8 and the heating unit 4 to heat and hot water. In a complex heating system in which the heating system is operated in conjunction with, A heating heat exchanger (16) is installed in parallel to the hot water heat exchanger (16) and the heating water supply pipe (6a) to one side of the boiler (1) of the individual heating system, but the hot water is supplied directly to the hot water heat exchanger (16). Branched hot water supply pipe (13) via the selection valve 19 on the hot water pipe (11) connected from the hot water supply pipe (30) and the cogeneration generator (10), In addition, the heat exchanger 17 for heating on the individual heating system heating pipe 6 is connected to the cogeneration power area heating pipe and the individual heating pipe via the heating branch pipe 14 branched by the selection valve 19 to connect the individual heating system. Energy-saving combined heating system combining individual heating of city gas fuel source and central heating of cogeneration, characterized by sharing heating and hot water heat energy of boiler and cogeneration area heating system

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