KR100565444B1 - Apparatus for preventing death by suffocation - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire fighting apparatus, and more particularly, to an apparatus for preventing asphyxia due to toxic gas generated in a fire in a building. According to the present invention, there is provided a ventilation structure which allows air outside the building to pass through the building, and a plurality of branch pipes connected to the ventilation structure in the building and branching external air introduced through the ventilation structure. And a plurality of masks connected to each branch line of the distributor, wherein the distributor and the mask are each provided with an asphyxia preventing apparatus having an opening / closing valve that automatically opens and closes according to a pressure caused by a human breath. The distributor may have a branch space in which air introduced from the vent structure stays and where each inlet of the plurality of branch pipes is located. The plurality of branch conduits and the plurality of masks are each connected by a hose, and some of the hoses may be longer than others. The dispenser may have a storage space in which the plurality of masks and hoses are accommodated. The mask may include a hood surrounding the head of a person and a window provided to view the front.

Choking, Fire, Building, Mask

Description

Choking Prevention Device {APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING DEATH BY SUFFOCATION}

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a building in which an asphyxiation prevention device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is installed;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the distributor is connected to the pipeline of the wall in the asphyxiation prevention device of Figure 1

3 is a perspective view of the dispenser of FIG.

4 is a perspective view of the mask of FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the mask of FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a building in which an asphyxia preventing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention is installed;

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

10: building 20: ventilation structure

30: distributor 55: branch pipe

66: branch space 67: storage space

88: hose 90: mask

92: Hood 94 Overhang

96: on-off valve 110: ventilation passage

261 extension tube 262 connector

563: on-off valve

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire fighting apparatus, and more particularly, to an apparatus for preventing asphyxia due to toxic gas generated in a fire in a building.

In case of fire, the building is equipped with fire alarms, sprinklers, fire extinguishers, fire hydrants, fire doors, firearms, etc. These existing fire fighting devices are devices for early warning of a fire, extinguishing a fire, preventing the spread of fire, or escaping from a building. The most common cause of death in fires in buildings is the asphyxiation of toxic gases from various combustible interior materials used inside buildings. Nevertheless, no devices are available to prevent asphyxiation due to toxic gases. To avoid suffocation caused by toxic gases during a fire, cover your nose and mouth with a handkerchief soaked in water and evacuate to a safe place quickly. However, it is difficult to avoid toxic gases in a safe place such as a high-rise building.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for preventing asphyxia due to toxic gas generated in a fire in a building. Another object of the present invention is to provide an asphyxia preventing device through which the air outside the building through each floor of the building. Still another object of the present invention is to provide an asphyxia preventing apparatus which enables a certain amount of activity in a building even in a fire situation.

According to one aspect of the invention,

A device to prevent suffocation in buildings with bathrooms,
A vent structure that directs air outside the building to the bathroom inside the building,
A distributor connected to the ventilation structure inside the building and having a plurality of branch pipes for branching external air introduced through the ventilation structure and installed in the bathroom;
A plurality of masks connected to each branch line of the distributor,
Each of the dispenser and the mask is provided with a suffocation prevention device having an on / off valve that automatically opens and closes according to the pressure caused by the human breath.

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The distributor may have a branch space in which air introduced from the vent structure stays and where each inlet of the plurality of branch pipes is located.

The plurality of branch conduits and the plurality of masks are each connected by a hose, and some of the hoses may be longer than others.

The dispenser may have a storage space in which the plurality of masks and hoses are accommodated.

The mask may include a hood surrounding the head of a person and a window provided to view the front.

The ventilation structure may include an extension tube extending through the wall of the building, and a connection tube connecting the extension tube and the distributor.

The ventilation structure may be provided with a tube which is installed in the ventilation duct provided in advance in the building wall extending.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, the choking prevention device includes a ventilation structure 20 through which the outside and the inside of the building 10 are ventilated, a distributor 30 installed in each floor of the building 10, and a mask connected to the distributor 30. 90 is provided. The vent structure 20 includes a main pipe 22, a distribution pipe 24, and a wall pipe 26. One end of the main pipe line 22 is connected to the distribution pipe 24 in the basement 11 of the building 10, and the opposite end is located outside the building 10. The end of the main pipe line 22 located on the outside of the building 10 is provided with a catching net 23 installed to prevent the inflow of foreign substances or worms, and is directed downward to prevent entry of substances falling from above, such as rainwater. At this time, the end of the main pipe line 22 located outside the building 10 is preferably spaced far enough from the building so as not to be affected by the fire. Air outside the building 10 is introduced through the main pipe 22. Distribution channel 24 is located proximate wall 12 in basement 11 of building 10. Although not shown in detail in the figure, the distribution channel 24 extends substantially horizontal (vertical to the main channel in the drawing) in proximity to the wall 12. The distribution pipe 24 is provided with a first connection part 241 to which one end of the main pipe path 22 is connected, and a second connection part 242 to which a lower end of the wall pipe path 26 is connected. In FIG. 1, only one second connecting portion 242 and one wall conduit 26 are shown, but a plurality of second connecting portions 242 are provided along the extending direction of the distribution conduit 24. The wall conduit 26 of the is provided. The wall conduits 26 are respectively connected to the plurality of second connectors 242. The external air introduced through the main pipe line 22 is branched by the distribution pipe line 24 so as to pass through each wall pipe line 26. The wall pipeline 26 is installed in the wall 12 of the building 10 and extends vertically. The wall pipeline 26 connects between the plurality of extension pipes 261 and 2611 and the plurality of extension pipes 261 and 2611 which are arranged such that both ends of the wall are positioned at substantially middle portions of the two floors of the adjacent building 10. And connecting tubes 262 and 2621. The lower part of the lowermost extension pipe 2611 (which connects the basement 11 and the first floor) of the plurality of extension pipes 261 is bent to protrude into the basement 11 so that the end thereof is the second connection portion of the distribution pipe 24 ( 242). The capacity of the main conduit 22, the distribution conduit 24 and each wall conduit 26 should be determined according to the capacity of the building.

1 and 2, each connecting tube 262, 2621 is located approximately in the middle of each layer. The remaining connectors 262 except for the uppermost connector 2621 among the plurality of connectors 262 and 2621 have a 'T' shape, and protrude in the middle between the main pipe 2622 extending in a straight line and the main pipe 2622. And an extended branch pipe 2623. Ends of the upper and lower extension pipes 261 and 2611 are inserted into and connected to both ends of the main pipe 2622, respectively. The end of the branch pipe 2623 generally coincides with the inner wall surface of the wall 12. A female screw portion 2624 is provided at the end of the branch pipe 2623, and the male screw pipe 80 described later is fitted and engaged. The male screw tube 80 is a straight tube, and has a first male screw portion 82 formed on one end side and a second male screw portion 84 formed on the opposite end side. The first male screw portion 82 is fitted to the female screw portion 2624 formed in the branch pipe 2623 of the connecting pipe 262. A portion of the male thread pipe 80 except for the first male thread portion 82 protrudes from the wall 12. The protruding portion of the male thread pipe 80 includes the first gasket 70 and the bottom plate 34 of the distributor 30. Is fitted. The first gasket 70 has a rectangular plate shape and is provided with a hole into which the male screw pipe 80 is fitted. The size of the first gasket 70 is generally the same as the size of the bottom plate 34 of the dispenser 30. Both surfaces of the first gasket 70 are in close contact with the wall surface and the bottom plate 34 of the distributor 30, respectively, to prevent air from entering the room between the wall surface and the bottom plate 34 of the distributor 30. In this embodiment, a rubber plate is used as the first gasket 70. However, the material of the first gasket 70 is not limited thereto. A coupling nut 86, which will be described later, is coupled to the second male thread portion 84 of the male thread pipe 80, and the distributor 30 is coupled.

Of the plurality of connectors 262 and 2621, the uppermost connector 2621 is an 'L' shape, and an extension tube 261 is connected to one end and a distributor 30 is connected to the other end. Same as the case of the other connectors 262 described above.

2 and 3, the distributor 30 includes a base member 32, a second gasket 40, an inner cover 50, four branch pipes 55, and a side plate member 60. ) And an outer cover 65. The base member 32 has a bottom plate 34 and a side plate 35 extending from the bottom plate 34. The bottom plate 34 is rectangular in shape and extends slightly further outward than the side plate 35 to form a flange 341. The flange 62 of the side plate member 60, which will be described later, overlaps the flange 341 of the base member 32 and is coupled to the coupling screw 99. The size of the bottom plate 34 is generally the same as the first gasket 70. A through hole is provided in the center of the bottom plate 34 so as to fit into the portion projecting from the wall 12 in the male threaded pipe 80. The through hole of the bottom plate 34 generally coincides with the outer diameter of the male threaded pipe 80. The height of the side plate 35 is higher than the portion protruding from the wall 12 of the male threaded pipe 80. The end of the side plate 35 is bent inward to extend slightly to form a rim 36, the second gasket 40 to be described later overlaps the rim 36 is coupled.

After the bottom plate 34 of the base member 32 is fitted over the first gasket 70 fitted to the male threaded pipe 80, the coupling nut 86 is tightened to the second male threaded portion 84 of the male threaded pipe 80. . The second gasket 40 having the same shape as the edge 36 overlaps the edge 36 of the upper end of the base member 32. The second gasket 40 is a rubber material like the first gasket 40, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The second gasket 40 prevents indoor air from entering the distribution space formed by the base member 32. The inner cover 50 is placed over the second gasket 40. The inner cover 50 has a rectangular flat plate shape covering the edge 36 of the base member 32, and four coupling bosses 52 having through holes are formed, and female threads are provided on the boss inner surface. Coupling boss 52 is formed by slightly protruding toward the bottom plate 34 of the base member (32). Each coupling boss 52 is coupled to the first connecting pipe 56 of the branch pipe line 55. The inner cover 50 is placed on the second gasket 40 and is coupled by a coupling screw 98 passing through the inner cover 50, the second gasket 40, and the edge 36 of the base member 32.

2 and 3, the four branch pipes 55 extending substantially horizontally from the inner cover 50 have the same shape, and include the first connector 56, the second connector 57, and the same. And a hose coupling member 58. The first connecting pipe 56 includes a first male screw portion 561 and a second male screw portion 562 formed at both ends. The first male screw portion 561 is fitted into the coupling boss 52 of the corresponding inner cover 50 to be engaged. The second male thread portion 562 is engaged with the female thread portion 572 of the corresponding second connector 57. An opening / closing valve 563 is provided at an end portion of the first connecting pipe 56 where the second male screw portion 562 is formed. The on-off valve 563 is coupled to cover the end of the first connecting pipe 56 in a flat plate shape. Only the upper part of the on / off valve 563 is pivotally coupled to the first connecting pipe 56. Therefore, when a person wearing a mask (90 in FIG. 1) inhales, the on / off valve 563 is lifted as shown by the dotted line, and when not inhaled, the on / off valve 563 is lowered by its own weight and shown in solid line. As shown, the end of the first connector 56 is blocked. In addition, when a person inhales the air after inhaling it is kept in a blocking state. The on-off valve 563 can use the same structure as the on-off valve 96 mentioned later.

A female screw portion 572 is provided at one end of the second connecting pipe 57, and a protrusion 573 having a male screw portion 574 at the root side is provided at the opposite end. The second male screw portion 562 of the first connector 56 is coupled to the female screw portion 572 of the second connector 57. A male screw portion 574 is provided at the root of the protrusion 573, and a hose 88 is fitted to the other end to cover the outer diameter. The hose coupling member 58 is coupled to the protrusion 573 in the state where the hose 88 is fitted. The hose coupling member 58 has a short tubular shape and is provided with a female screw portion 581 corresponding to the male screw portion 574 of the protrusion 573 on one side. The remaining part is in close contact with the outer diameter of the hose 88.

The hose 88 extends long and connects to the mask 90 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The hose 88 is preferably a material that is not deformed by breathing but has some flexibility to bend. One or two of the four hoses 88 shall be longer than the other. It is intended to be able to move and move farther from the distributor (30) if necessary even in a fire situation. In the present embodiment, the branch pipe 55 is described as four, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The place where the dispenser 30 is located is preferably a bathroom. It is because the bathroom is the least flammable and water is easy to use.

Referring back to Figures 2 and 3, the side plate member 60 is a rectangular member with both ends open, and the lower portion surrounds the side plate 35 of the base member 32. The lower end of the side plate member 32 is provided with a flange 62 extending outward. The flange 62 is superimposed on the flange 341 of the base member 32 and is firmly engaged by a coupling screw 99 inserted into the wall 12. The height of the side plate member 60 is preferably such that the branch line 55 is completely accommodated in the side plate member 60 and the mask is stored therein. The outer cover 65 has a rectangular flat plate 651 covering the open top of the side plate member 60 and a bending extension portion 652 extending from the rectangular flat plate 651 by contacting the outer surface of the side plate member 60. Equipped.

2 and 3, the inside of the distributor 30 is formed between the branch space 66 formed by the base member 32 and the inner cover 50, and between the inner cover 50 and the outer cover 65. Divided into storage space 67. The outlet of the male screw pipe 80 and the inlet of the branch pipe line 55 are provided together in the branch space 66. Air outside the building introduced through the male threaded pipe 80 is divided in the branch space 66 to enter the inlet of each branch pipe (55). The branch space 66 is sealed by the first gasket 70 and the second gasket 40 so that indoor air does not flow in. Therefore, only the air flowing from the outside of the building always stays in the branch space 66. The storage space 67 may accommodate and store the hose 88 and the mask 90 of FIGS. 4 and 5. In other embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that a male pipe 80 and a pipe connecting each branch pipe 55 may be provided.

4 and 5, the mask 90 includes a hood 92 and a protrusion 94 provided on the front surface of the hood 92. Hood 92 has a shape surrounding the entire head except for the human face, the inlet 921 through which the head can enter and the opening 922 for opening the face is provided. The inlet 921 is provided with a fastening member 93 capable of tightening the inlet 921. In this embodiment, a rubber band is used as the fastening member 93. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that coupling members such as hook-and-loop fasteners may be used. The inlet 921 of the hood 92 is fastened by the fastening member 93 so as to be in close contact with the neck of a person so that no air is introduced into the room. In the present embodiment, as a material of the hood 92, a flexible and elastic rubber thin plate is used so that the hood closely adheres to a part of the face or the head, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

4 and 5, the protruding window 94 is coupled to the opening 922 of the hood 92. At this time, the engaging portion of the hood 92 and the protruding window 94 is in close contact with each other so as not to be vented. The protruding window 94 has a rectangular front face 941 and a side plate 942 which is generally perpendicular to the front face 941. An end of the side plate 942 wraps around the opening 922 of the hood 92 and is coupled to the hood 92. A hose 88 extending from the distributor 30 of FIGS. 2 and 3 is connected to the side plate 942 located at the bottom.

The lower center of the front portion 941 is provided with an inclined surface 942 inclined so as to be closer toward the face of the person toward the top. Vent hole 943 is provided in this inclined surface 942. The inclined surface 942 is provided with an opening / closing valve 96 which opens and closes the vent hole 943. The open / close valve 96 includes, for example, a cover plate 961 covering the vent hole 943 on the outside of the inclined surface 942 and a weight plate 962 attached to the cover plate 961. The cover plate 961 is, for example, a rubber plate, the upper end of which is coupled to the inclined surface 942 by a method such as adhesion. The on-off valve 96 is attached in this manner, and normally comes down by the weight of the weight plate 962 to block the vent hole 943, and when the person exhales, the on / off valve 96 is shown in dotted line by the pressure. As shown above, the vent hole 943 is opened. In this embodiment, transparent PVC is used as the material of the protruding window 94. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. When the person inhales while wearing the mask 90, the open / close valve 96 is inhaled through the hose 88 in a closed state, and when the air is exhaled, the open / close valve 96 is opened and discharged. Some of the four masks 90 connected to each branch conduit (55 in FIG. 3) in the dispenser (30 in FIG. 3) may be provided for small infants.

1 to 5, the operation of the above embodiment will be described in detail. Air outside the building 10 may enter through the main pipe line 22 and enter the wall pipe path 26 through the distribution pipe line 24. The outside air flowing into the wall pipe passage 26 fills the branch space 66 of the distributor 30 located in each floor through the branch pipes 2623 and the male screw pipes 80 of the connection pipes 262 and 2621. Normally, the opening / closing valve 563 of the branch pipe line 55 is closed by its own weight, so the air flowing from the outside of the building includes only the branch space 66 to the first connecting pipe 56 of the branch pipe line 55. I will stay.

If a fire breaks out in the building, the person inside the building opens the outer cover 65 of the distributor 30 and uses a mask 90 stored in the storage space 67 to prevent asphyxiation due to toxic gases. Inhaling while wearing the mask 90 opens and closes the closing valve 563 of the branch line 55 of the distributor 30 connected through the hose 88 by lifting up. As the open / close valve 563 is opened, air stayed in the branch space 66 of the distributor 30 is supplied to the person through the hose 88. At this time, the on-off valve 96 provided in the mask 90 maintains the closed state by its own weight, so that indoor air does not enter the mask 90. When a person exhales, the on / off valve 96 of the mask 90 rises and opens due to the pressure, and is discharged through the vent hole 943. At this time, the on-off valve 563 of the branch line 55 of the distributor 30 is closed by its own weight. In this way, a person can breathe air using the air outside the building. Since four distributors 90 may be connected to the dispenser 30, up to four personnel may be used at the same time. In addition, since some of the hoses 88 are provided long, a person wearing a mask 90 connected to the long hose 88 can work in a larger space.

In the above embodiment, the outside air is introduced into the distributor 30 through the bottom plate 34 of the base member 32 of the distributor 30 in contact with the wall 12. By connecting the extended vent pipe to the side plate 35 of the distributor 30, the external air can be introduced into the distributor 30.

The embodiment is suitable for a new building, and describes an embodiment for applying to an existing building as follows.

Referring to FIG. 1, the building 10 is typically provided with a ventilation duct 110 passing through all the floors to the rooftop. Another embodiment of the present invention using this ventilation duct 110 is shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 6, the choking prevention device includes a distributor 30a and an aeration structure 100a. Since the distributor 30a is the same as that described in the first embodiment, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. The distributor 30a is installed on the wall side on which the ventilation duct 110a is installed. Ventilation structure (100a) is connected to the distributor 30a as a connection hose and extends over the roof through the ventilation duct (110a) is exposed to the outside. At this time, although not shown in detail, the connection hose 100a is connected to the branch space (66 in FIG. 2) through the bottom plate (34 in FIG. 2) of the base member (32 in FIG. 2) of the distributor 30a. As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of connection hoses 100a extend through the ventilation duct 110a and are connected to a distributor installed in each floor.

In an embodiment different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the connection hose extending from the rooftop through the ventilation duct is introduced into the room through the ventilation hole provided in the ceiling of the bathroom via the ventilation duct inside the house extended from the ventilation duct. The hose may be connected to the branch space 66 of FIG. 2 via the side plate 35 of FIG. 2 of the base member 32 of FIG.

According to the configuration of the present invention can achieve all the objects of the present invention described above. Specifically, since the outside of the building directly enters the mask provided in the building, it is possible to prevent asphyxiation due to toxic gases generated in a fire. And each floor of the building is provided with a distributor that connects the air outside the building with a mask to prevent choking in any location in the building. In addition, the length of the hose connecting the distributor and the mask is long enough to allow some activity in the building to provide the necessary emergency measures. And since the pipe inlet air outside the building can be provided in the ventilation duct can be applied to existing buildings. In addition, if there is a fire in another house, you do not have to escape wearing only a mask unless you are concerned about the collapse of the building, and there is no fear of suffocation anywhere in your house. Wearing only a mask, avoiding flames and high heat, simple fire can also be extinguished by using water in the toilet. And unlike other fire-fighting facilities, there is no breakdown, and gangsters and rescue ladders may not be able to escape depending on the location of the fire, but using this device is not limited to avoiding choking.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and that such modifications and variations also fall within the present invention.

Claims (7)

A device to prevent suffocation in buildings with bathrooms, A vent structure that directs air outside the building to the bathroom inside the building, A distributor connected to the ventilation structure inside the building and having a plurality of branch pipes for branching external air introduced through the ventilation structure and installed in the bathroom; A plurality of masks connected to each branch line of the distributor, Each of the dispenser and the mask is provided with an opening and closing valve that automatically opens and closes according to the pressure of the human breath. The device of claim 1, wherein the distributor comprises a branch space in which air introduced from the vent structure stays and where each inlet of the plurality of branch pipes is located. According to claim 1, wherein the plurality of branch pipes and the plurality of masks are each connected by a hose, wherein some of the hose is longer than other than asphyxiating device. 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the dispenser includes a storage space for receiving the plurality of masks and hoses. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mask includes a hood surrounding a head of a person, and a window provided to face the front. The device of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ventilation structure includes an extension tube extending through the wall of the building, and a connection tube connecting the extension tube and the distributor. The device of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ventilation structure is provided with a tube extending and installed in a ventilation duct provided in advance in a building wall.

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