KR100563077B1 - The water purification method and the system of aqua plant using activated red mud - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention efficiently removes nitrogen and phosphorus, which are nutrient salts that cause eutrophication of rivers and lakes, and especially phosphorus in water, by using the active layer, while purifying water by the aquatic plants planted on the active layer. The present invention relates to a vegetation purification method using active teeth.

The present invention comprises a screening step (100) for introducing the treated water or contaminated river water, such as sewage, sewage, waste water, filtered to the crude wood screen and then distributed to the next process; A precipitation step (200) of passing the screened water from the upper side to the lower side of the settling tank filled with the filter medium; A purification step (300) of passing the water through the precipitation process in the aquatic plant reaction tank, in which the cultured soil layer and the active mud layer, in which the aquatic plants are planted, are laminated; Comprising the step of stabilizing the purified water (400), the device for realizing this is an inlet and drainage channel 10 is provided with a crude screen 11; A settling tank 20 in which the filter medium is stacked; An aquatic plant reaction tank 30 in which the active mud layer 31 and the culture soil layer 32 in which aquatic plants are planted are stacked and stacked; It consists of a stabilizer (40).

The method and apparatus of the present invention can efficiently remove nutrients in contaminated water irrespective of the growth period of aquatic plants and has the advantage of being an environmentally friendly facility.

Aquatic plants, Active teeth, Vegetation purification

Description

Vegetation purification method using activated teeth and its device {The water purification method and the system of aqua plant using activated red mud}             

1 is a process block diagram of an embodiment method of the present invention.

2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

         ((Explanation of symbols for main part of drawing))

         10. Influent distribution channel 11. Crude screen

         20. Sedimentation tank 21. Drain pipe

         22. Media optimism 23. Media

         24,34. Multi-chamber 30. Aquatic plant reactor

         31. Active molar layer 32. Cultured soil layer

         33. Aquatic plants 35. Gravel layers

         40. Stabilizer 50. Active Nijo

The present invention relates to a method and a device for vegetative purification of contaminated water using active teeth, and more particularly, to treated active sewage layer in which active teeth on a pellet are laminated, or to contaminated sewage, wastewater, and sewage. It efficiently removes nitrogen and phosphorus, especially phosphorus, which are contained in contaminated water through the contaminated river water and cause eutrophication of rivers and lakes, and at the same time, the active sludge is mixed with at least one of humus and sand. The present invention relates to a vegetation purification method using active urine that purifies water by aquatic plants by planting aquatic plants in the cultured soil layer deposited on the active urine layer.

With the rapid economic development, the transition to high industrial society, and the improvement of people's living standards, the discharge of toxic pollutants and living sewage generated from factories, etc. has increased. The centralization and the establishment of large industrial complexes throughout the country are increasing the water pollution of rivers and lakes seriously, but the investment in basic environmental facilities is insufficient, and the water pollution is intensifying with time.

In addition, urban rivers that use sewage and sewage segregation systems and sewage sewer systems not only create an environment where various kinds of living organisms can live, because of various environmentally-friendly facilities such as levees and shore banks, which are intended for watering purposes. It causes many environmental problems such as lack of water for maintenance of rivers in the city.

In recent years, however, the expansion of recreational facilities and the need for restoration of river ecosystems have emerged in the aspect of improving the quality of life, and natural river maintenance projects have been activated, thereby pursuing the conservation of river ecosystems and water quality. Various river purification methods are researched and developed.

The stream purification method is an indirect method of treating contaminated water before flowing into the stream at a water treatment plant and then flowing it to the stream, and having a natural purification function for the stream so that the water flowing into the stream is naturally purified. You can distinguish them in a straightforward way.

The direct purification of the stream is to remove the causative substances such as inorganic and organic substances, which are introduced into the stream and reduce the normal purification function of the stream, thereby restoring and increasing the purification function of the stream. In order to purify the water naturally, depending on the causative agent that impairs the purification function of the river, physical or chemical methods or biological methods may be used alone or in combination to restore or increase the normal purification function.

In other words, the method of direct purification of rivers is a technology to increase the purification of rivers by artificially reinforcing and supplementing the functions based on the natural purification functions of rivers. The design conditions for the facility are established to some extent, and the most widely used methods include the gravel contact oxidation method and the string contact oxidation method. In addition, the contact oxidation method using the plastic media and the thin layer flow method are applied. have.

However, a vegetation purification facility using various types of aquatic plants such as buttercups, reeds, water hyacinths, and weeping wires can improve the surrounding landscape and serve as an ecological habitat. As a friendly facility, it is preferable to other purification systems, and the aquatic plants used in the vegetation purification method are very important in that they improve the river's self-cleaning ability by directly absorbing or decomposing pollutants in the river water. The need is even greater.

The vegetation purification method is based on the physicochemical action such as precipitation and adsorption, and the biological and chemical action by the ecosystem of low wetlands, and basically, precipitation and adsorption of particulate nutrients, inactivation of phosphorus, and denitrification inhabiting low quality. Denitrification of nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen by bacteria, and inorganic chemical action of organic matter by heterotrophic bacteria living on the surface of flowing water, low quality surface, aquatic plants, etc. By using natural vegetation as it is, it is very suitable for environmental protection and restoration, it is possible to nitrate nitrogen compound and soil adsorption of phosphorus and to suppress phytoplankton generation by blocking light.

However, the vegetation purification method has a disadvantage in that the purification period is limited to the growth period of the plant, a large water area is required, and COD (chemical oxygen demand) or NH4-N may be eluted from the soil.

In addition, since the vegetation purification method uses the dissolved oxygen contained in the inflow water, if the river water containing the high concentration of organic matter is introduced, the inside of the facility becomes anaerobic, and the roots of the aquatic plants decay, which may impair the purification ability. have.

In a typical case, experiments have been conducted with a high concentration of wastewater for 1 to 6 days.However, in Japan, the actual facilities for river water use BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) of 20 mg / L or less. Doing.

Therefore, in order to apply the most environmentally friendly vegetation purification method of the direct purification of rivers, further research to solve the shortcomings should be carried out, but the purification effect by aquatic plants is particularly limited because the growth period of aquatic plants is limited. Efficient removal of nutrients contained in the water in the winter, which cannot be seen, is the most urgent task.

The present invention was devised to solve the problems of the conventional vegetation purification method, that is, it is difficult to purify in the non-growing period of aquatic plants, such as winter, it is excellent for the removal of nutrients, but the plant growth period as in winter Another object of the present invention is to provide a vegetation purification method and apparatus capable of efficiently treating nutrients in water even in a low water temperature unit.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the active plant layer and aquatic plants planted in the cultured soil layer mixed with the active group.

In the vegetation purification method using the active teeth of the present invention, by passing the water contaminated with the active teeth layer loaded with the active teeth, the phosphorus contained in the water is efficiently removed even in a low water temperature, the active teeth are mixed and the active teeth layer There is a technical feature of planting aquatic plants in the cultured soil layer deposited on the stack so that the purification by aquatic plants can be carried out simultaneously with the removal of nutrients by active teeth.

As described above, the active tooth used as a key component of the present invention is neutralized to about pH 8 by physical and chemical pretreatment of red mud, which is an inorganic by-product generated in the process of beneficiation of alumina or aluminum hydroxide in bauxite ore, and then neutralized to about pH 8. It is calcined in the form of pellets by heating in the temperature range of 600 ℃, and neutralizes acid and adsorbs toxic heavy metal elements, thereby treating environmentally friendly and permanent treatment of various environmental pollution factors.

The method of the present invention using the above-mentioned active teeth, the screening step of filtering out the contaminants, coarse suspended solids, etc. contained in the treated water, such as incoming sewage, sewage and wastewater, contaminated river water; A precipitation step of adsorption and precipitation of suspended solids and the like remaining in the water after the screening step; Purifying step of passing the water through the precipitation step through the aquatic plant reaction tank in which the aquatic plant is planted and the active mud layer is laminated so as to purify by the aquatic plant and adsorption of nutrients by the active mud layer; Stabilizing the discharged water before discharging it; Is made of.

In addition, the apparatus for implementing the method of the present invention made as described above, the inlet and distribution channel for screening and removing contaminants and coarse suspended matter in the contaminated water with a rough wood screen; A settling tank equipped with a filter medium for depositing the suspended solids contained in the water passing through the inflow distribution channel and having a drain pipe disposed at the bottom for discharging the suspended solids adsorbed by the filtered medium; An aquatic plant reaction tank in which water passed from the upper part of the settling tank to the lower side flows in a horizontal direction, and in which the active soil layer and the cultured soil layer in which the aquatic plants are planted are stacked; A stabilization tank for receiving the purified water while passing through the aquatic plant reaction tank and stabilizing before final discharge into a river or lake; It consists of.

That is, the contaminants of the river influent are removed through the multi-step screening and filtering by the crude tree screen, the media and the active mud layers, and the purification by the aquatic plants of the culture soil layer.

However, low water temperature such as winter is not suitable for plant growth, and therefore, the purification effect by aquatic plants is also insignificant.Therefore, there is an active aquatic tank containing only active niche between aquatic plant reaction tank and stabilizer. After passing through the active tank, the water passing through the plant reaction tank is introduced into the stable tank, and in winter, the water passing through the settling tank passes through the active plant tank without passing through the aquatic plant reaction tank and then enters the stable tank. By doing so, it is also desirable to stabilize the aquatic plant reaction tank in winter.

Details of the effects and the resulting effects, including the object and technical configuration of the present invention will be clearly understood by the following description with reference to the drawings showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The process block diagram of the method of this invention is shown in FIG. 1, and the block diagram of the apparatus of this invention is shown in FIG.

As shown, the vegetation purification method using the active teeth of the present invention, the treated water or contaminated river water such as sewage, sewage, waste water is introduced into the next process after screening contaminants or coarse suspended matter in the water by the crude screen A screening step (100);

A precipitation step of passing through the screened water from the upper side to the lower side of the sedimentation tank filled with the media such as gravel to remove and remove contaminants such as suspended substances remaining in the water;

Purification step (300) of introducing the water discharged through the lower part of the settling tank to the one end of the aquatic plant reaction tank in which the aquatic plant planted culture soil layer and the active niece layer stacked in the order of the top and bottom, and then passed to the other end Wow;

The water discharged from the aquatic plant reactor consists of a stabilization step (400) to flow into the bottom and to be discharged to the top.

Apparatus for implementing the method of the present invention made through a series of sequential steps as described above,

A tank screen 11 for screening contaminants or coarse floats in the water by receiving the contaminated water is installed, and an inlet distribution channel 10 for distributing water in the next process;

Water is supplied from the inlet distribution channel 10 through the upper part, and the porous filter net 22 installed directly on the drain pipe 21 provided at the bottom to discharge and remove the sludge adsorbed and precipitated by the filter medium 23. ) A sedimentation tank 20 in which the filter medium 23, such as gravel or crushed stone, is stacked and water is discharged to a lower portion of the wall immediately above the filter medium mesh 22.

Water is introduced into the lower portion of one end through the porous wall 24 of the lower wall and connected to the settling tank 20, and at least one of the caustic soil and the sandy soil on the active nitrile layer 31 in which the active teeth on the pellet are deposited. Aquatic plant 33 is planted in the cultured soil layer 32 mixed with the active teeth, and the aquatic plant reaction tank 30 is provided with a porous membrane 34 through which water is discharged under the other end;

Stabilization tank for the final discharge of the purified water by the overflow through the top while temporarily staying until the water is introduced into the lower portion through the porous membrane 34 on the other end of the aquatic plant reaction tank (30) ( 40).

Looking at the role of each component in the device of the present invention configured as described above in more detail.

The inlet distribution channel 10 distributes and supplies the influent water to each facility when the facility after the sedimentation tank is composed of a large number. The sedimentation tank 20 adsorbs the suspended solids contained in the water flowing into the media in the sedimentation tank in the form of natural sedimentation. And at the same time to remove the precipitate serves to reduce the occlusion of the active layer is filled in the aquatic plant reaction tank (30).

In addition, the stabilization tank 40 to finally discharge the purified water to the stream is installed in the rear end of the aquatic plant reaction tank 30 has the purpose to store the treated water flowing through the porous membrane, in particular depending on the site conditions For aesthetics, it is possible to install a waterway type and to grow aquatic plants floating on the surface of the water.

In addition, in the settling tank at the same time the oxidation reaction of the organic material by the microorganisms inhabited in the media deposited therein, there are various kinds of media used in the settling tank, but easily available and relatively inexpensive gravel Or crushed stone is preferable, and the stacking thickness ratio of the active red mud layer 31 and the cultured soil layer 32 which are sequentially stacked on the inner bottom of the aquatic plant reaction tank 30 is treated with water, treatment capacity and type of aquatic plants. It can vary depending on the ratio, but the ratio of 1.5 to 2.5: 1 is most preferred.

At this time, if the thickness ratio of the active layer is less than 1.5, the removal efficiency of nutrients decreases due to a decrease in the permeation cross-sectional area, and when it exceeds 2.5, the pH of the water is increased, which is undesirable for the growth of aquatic plants.

In addition, the aquatic plant vegetation in the culture soil layer is the same as the aquatic plant species and planting principles of the general vegetation purification method, and among the humus soil and the sandy soil as the active soil vegetation soil used in the active mud layer 31 only for the growth of aquatic plants. Since at least one of the mixtures is mixed at an appropriate ratio, the ratio between 30 to 50 vol% of active teeth and 70 to 50 vol% of vegetation soil is preferable, and the optimum mixing ratio is adjusted according to the concentration of phosphorus in the water to be treated within this range. do.

The ratio of active teeth in the mixing ratio of the cultured soil layer is increased as the phosphorus concentration in the water increases and decreases as the concentration is lower, but when the mixing ratio of the active teeth exceeds 50 vol%, the pH of the water increases. It can increase, adversely affect the growth of aquatic plants, and less economic.

In addition, if the area of the aquatic plant reaction tank is increased to further remove organic substances and nitrogen by vegetation, the lower active nitric layer is also expanded at the same time, thereby increasing the amount of active nitrile pellets forming the active nitrile layer. In this case, it is also possible to use a mixture of active tooth pellets and gravel of a similar particle size, in which case the active teeth are adjusted according to the phosphorus concentration of the water to be treated within the ratio range of 30 to 60 vol% and 70 to 40 vol% gravel. do.

When the device of the present invention is configured as described above, as described above, the purification effect by the aquatic plants is deteriorated because the plant growth is not suitable for low water temperature, such as winter, active while stabilizing the aquatic plant reaction tank in winter In order to enable the removal of phosphorus by red mud, it may be provided with an active nitrile containing only active nitrile between the aquatic plant reaction tank and the stabilizer.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the aquatic plant reaction tank 30 ′ and the one side partition wall between the aquatic plant reaction tank 30 ′ and the stabilization tank 40 in which the gravel layer 35 is loaded instead of the active nitrile layer 31. Separated by (W) and connected to the stabilization tank 40 through the multi-pore membrane 34 of the lower side of the other wall, and additionally installed an active tank (50) filled with active teeth, settling tank 20 and aquatic plant reaction tank By connecting the 30 'to the pipe and branching from the pipe to the active tank 50, the water passing through the aquatic plant reaction tank is introduced into the stable tank after passing through the active tank 50 except in winter. In the winter, it is also preferable to prevent the piping from the sedimentation tank to the aquatic plant reaction tank so that it flows directly into the stable tank through the active tank without directly passing through the aquatic plant reaction tank.

In addition, when the active tank is additionally installed, the water passing through the apparatus of the present invention passes through the active tank 50 filled with only the active knee, and the bottom of the aquatic plant reaction tank 30 is active. After stacking the gravel layer 35, not the layer 31, it is preferable to stack and stack the culture soil layer 32 thereon, wherein the ratio of the gravel layer and the culture soil layer is also 1.5 to 2.5: 1.

As described above, since the vegetation purification method and the apparatus using the active teeth of the present invention can remove the phosphorus contained in the treated water and contaminated river water, such as sewage, sewage, wastewater, regardless of the growth period of the plant It is effective in preventing eutrophication of rivers and lakes, and has the advantage of restoring ecosystems with purification by aquatic plants.

Claims (8)

A screening step (100) for introducing contaminated water to filter the contaminants and the coarse suspended matter in the water to the crude screen (11) and then distributing it to the next process; A precipitation step (200) of passing through the screened water from the upper side to the lower side of the settling tank (20) filled with the media (23), which is one of gravel or crushed stone, to precipitate and remove suspended solids remaining in the water; The sedimentation tank 20 is formed at one end of the aquatic plant reaction tank 30 in which the cultured soil layer 32 and the active mud layer 31 in which the aquatic plant 33 is planted are stacked up and down so that the thickness ratio is 1: 1.5 to 2.5. Purifying step 300 for flowing the water discharged through the lower portion of the) and passes to the other end; A stabilization step (400) of receiving water discharged from the aquatic plant reaction tank (30) and storing it to discharge to a stream or a lake through the upper part; Vegetation purification method using an active tooth, characterized in that consisting of. The method of claim 1, wherein the cultured soil layer 32 is 30 to 50 vol% of active sludge and at least any one of 70 to 50 vol% of humus and sand as mixed vegetation soil. The method according to claim 1, wherein the active urine layer (31) consists of only active teeth. The method of claim 1, wherein the active urine layer (31) is a vegetation purification method using active urine, characterized in that 30 to 60 vol% of active teeth and 70 to 40 vol% of gravel is mixed. A crude screen 11 is installed, and the inlet distribution channel 10 for distributing water in the next process; Receiving water from the inlet distribution channel 10, the filter medium (23), which is one of gravel or crushed stone, is deposited on the porous filter network 22 installed directly on the drain pipe 21 for discharging the sludge discharged at the bottom, A settling tank 20 having a multi-apartment membrane 24 through which water is discharged under one side wall immediately above the filter medium mesh 22; Connected to the settling tank 20, water is introduced into one lower end portion through the porous membrane 24, and the cultured soil layer 32 and the active mud layer 31 in which the aquatic plant 33 is planted are 1: 1.5 to 1. An aquatic plant reaction tank 30 which is stacked up and down so as to have a thickness ratio of 2.5 and provided with a multi-aperture membrane 34 in which water is discharged under the other end portion; Stabilization tank (40) for the final discharge of the water purified by the overflow through the top while the water flows into the lower portion through the porous membrane 34 on the other end of the aquatic plant reaction tank 30; Vegetation purification apparatus using an active tooth, characterized in that configured to include. The vegetation purification apparatus using active teeth according to claim 5, wherein the active teeth layer (31) consists of active teeth. According to claim 5, The active germ layer 31 is a vegetation purification apparatus using the active tooth, characterized in that 30 to 60 vol% active sludge and 70 to 40 vol% gravel is mixed. 6. The vegetation purification apparatus using active teeth according to claim 5, wherein the cultured soil layer (32) is a mixture of 30 to 50 vol% of active teeth and at least one of 70 to 50 vol% of humus and sand as mixed vegetation soils.

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