KR100557006B1 - Phytoestrogenic isoflavone-enforced arrowroot products fermented by lactic acid bacteria and thereof producing method - Google Patents
Phytoestrogenic isoflavone-enforced arrowroot products fermented by lactic acid bacteria and thereof producing method Download PDFInfo
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- KR100557006B1 KR100557006B1 KR1020030020616A KR20030020616A KR100557006B1 KR 100557006 B1 KR100557006 B1 KR 100557006B1 KR 1020030020616 A KR1020030020616 A KR 1020030020616A KR 20030020616 A KR20030020616 A KR 20030020616A KR 100557006 B1 KR100557006 B1 KR 100557006B1
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- Prior art keywords
- lactic acid
- acid bacteria
- fermented
- fermentation
- isoflavone
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Abstract
본 발명은 식물성 여성 호르몬 물질인 이소플라본을 강화한 칡 유산균 발효물 및 그의 제조 방법에 관한 것으로, 유산균의 효능을 가지면서도 식물성 에스트로겐의 효능을 더욱 강화시켜 간독성의 해독 효과 및 유방암에 대한 억제 효과를 가지는 칡 발효물에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 의하면, 유산균 발효물이 가지는 유해균 증식의 억제, 유당불내성의 완화, 혈청 콜레스테롤의 저하, 설사 및 변비의 개선 등과 같은 효능과 함께 식물성 여성 호르몬 물질이 가지는 갱년기장애 예방 및 치료, 월경전 증후군 예방 및 치료, 항암효과 및 혈관계 질환 예방 효과 등을 가지는 제품의 소재와 티로시네이스(tyrosinase) 활성저해에 따른 미백효과 제품의 소재로 응용할 수 있다. The present invention relates to a fermented lactic acid bacterium fermented with isoflavone, which is a plant female hormone substance, and a method for preparing the same, which has the effect of lactic acid bacteria, and further enhances the efficacy of phytoestrogens, and has a detoxifying effect of hepatotoxicity and an inhibitory effect against breast cancer. 칡 relates to fermented products. According to the present invention, the prevention and treatment of menopausal disorders of plant female hormone substances with precautions such as inhibition of harmful bacteria growth of lactobacillus fermentation, reduction of lactose intolerance, reduction of serum cholesterol, improvement of diarrhea and constipation, premenstrual syndrome It can be applied to the material of products with prevention and treatment, anti-cancer effect and vascular disease prevention effect and the material of whitening effect products by tyrosinase activity inhibition.
유산균, 칡, 갈근, 발효물, 여성호르몬, 이소플라본, 간해독작용, 유방암, 미백효과Lactobacillus, 칡, brown root, fermented product, female hormone, isoflavones, liver detoxification, breast cancer, whitening effect
Description
식물성 여성 호르몬 물질인 이소플라본을 강화한 칡 유산균 발효물 및 그의 제조 방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 칡에 물을 가수하여 분쇄물을 얻은 다음, 아밀레이스(amylase)와 글루코아밀에이스(glucoamlylase), 셀룰레이스(cellulase), 펙틴네이스(pectinase) 효소를 첨가하여 효소 분해를 하여 효소 칡분해물을 얻고, 여기에 락토바실러스, 비피도박테리아, 스트렙토코카스 또는 로코노스톡 등의 유산균을 접종하여 발효시킨 후에 이 발효물을 에탄올로 추출하여 피토에스트로겐 물질을 회수하는 방법 및 이와 같은 방법에 의해 유산균의 효능과 식물성 에스트로겐의 효능이 더욱 강화된 칡 유산균 발효물에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a fermented lactic acid bacterium fermented with isoflavone, which is a plant female hormone substance, and a method for preparing the same, and more specifically, to obtain a milled product by hydrolyzing water in the curd, and then amylase and glucoamlylase, Enzymatic digestion by addition of cellulase and pectinase enzymes results in enzymatic digestion, followed by fermentation by lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Streptococcus or Loconostock, followed by fermentation. The present invention relates to a method for recovering phytoestrogens by extracting fermented products with ethanol, and to fermented lactic acid bacteria fermented products having enhanced efficacy of lactic acid bacteria and phytoestrogens by such a method.
식물성 에스트로겐(phytoestrogen)에 대한 종래의 연구에 의하면, 국내에서 쉽게 접할 수 있는 칡에는 식물성 에스트로겐으로 작용하는 플라보노이드가 존재하는 것으로밝혀졌다. 이와 같이 밝혀진 칡의 주요 이소플라본은 다이드제인(daidzein), 다이드진(daidzin), 푸에라린(puerarin) 등이 있으며, 이들 물질은 잘 알려진 식물성에스트로겐(phytoestrogen)인 물질이다(Anderson 등, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 70권 3호 464페이지 1999년: Knight 등, Gynecol., 87권, 897페이지 1996년). Conventional studies on phytoestrogen have revealed that flavonoids that act as phytoestrogens are present in the ovary readily accessible in Korea. The major isoflavones identified in this study include daidzein, daidzin, and puerarin, which are well known phytoestrogens (Anderson et al. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., Vol. 70, No. 3, page 464 1999: Knight et al., Gynecol., 87, 897, 1996).
식물성 에스트로겐은 구조적으로 여성 호르몬인 스테로이드성 에스트로겐과 비슷하여 에스트로겐 수용체와 결합하여 에스트로겐에 대하여 작용제(agonist)나 길항제(antogonist)로 작용하며(Messina 등, J Nutr. 131권 3095S ~ 108S페이지, 2001년), 이소플라본은 당이 떨어져 나간 아글리콘(aglycone) 형태 또는 당이 붙어 있는 배당체(glycoside), 아세틸글루코사이드(acetylglucoside) 또는 말로닐글루코사이드(malonylglucoside)와 같이 네 가지 형태가 있고, 가공 정도에 따라 이소플라본의 형태는 달라지는 것으로 알려져 있다. Phytoestrogen is structurally similar to the female hormone steroidal estrogen, which binds to the estrogen receptor and acts as an agonist or antagonist against estrogen (Messina et al., J Nutr. 131, 3095S ~ 108S, 2001). ), Isoflavones come in four forms: aglycone, a sugar-dropped glycoside, or glycoside, acetylglucoside, or malonylglucoside. The shape of the flavones is known to vary.
이들 이소플라본은 장내의 β-글루코시다제(glucosidase)에 의해 가수분해되어 활성형의 비배당체 형태 즉 아글리콘(aglycone)이 되어 흡수된다. 사람의 경우 장내 미생물에 의해 유사구조 유사체로 생물전환이 된다고 알려져 있다. 식물성 여성호르몬(Phytoestrogen)은 화학적 호르몬대체요법(HRT)으로 사용하는 여성호르몬인 에스트로겐(estrogen)과는 달리 비스테로이드 구조의 복합체로 분류된다. These isoflavones are hydrolyzed by β-glucosidase in the intestine and are absorbed in the form of an active glycoside, that is, aglycone. In humans, it is known that bioconversion into analogous structural analogues by intestinal microorganisms. Phytoestrogen is classified as a complex of nonsteroidal structures, unlike estrogen, a female hormone used as a chemical hormone replacement therapy (HRT).
이에 비하여 콩에 존재하는 이소플라본은 대두 배아 부분에 주로 포함되어 있는데, 이를 이용한 종래의 알려져 있는 기술로 한국 특허 공개번호 2002-060070(간세포증강제)에서는 에스트로겐 작용을 보유하는 이소플라본을 이용하는 것을 특징으로 하고 있으나, 유산균 발효 방법을 이용하고 있지 않다. In contrast, isoflavones present in soybeans are mainly included in soybean embryos, and the conventionally known technique using the same is characterized in that isoflavones having estrogen action are disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 2002-060070 (Hepatocellular Enhancer). However, lactic acid bacteria fermentation method is not used.
또한, 대두 배아로부터 발효를 통한 고순도 이소플라본아글리콘의 생산방법( 한국 특허 공개번호 2002-032078)에서는 유산균이 아닌 바실러스 리체니포르미스(Bacillus licheniformis)를 이용하여 대두 배아를 발효시켜 아세톤 및 에탄올로 추출 후 흡착수지에 흡착시켜 분리하는 것으로, 본 발명과는 균주가 완전히 다를 뿐만 아니라, 소재도 대두 배아를 사용하고 있기에 본 발명과는 다르다고 할 수 있다. In addition, in the production method of high-purity isoflavone aglycone by fermentation from soybean embryos (Korean Patent Publication No. 2002-032078), soybean embryos are fermented using Bacillus licheniformis rather than lactobacillus to acetone and ethanol. After the extraction by adsorption to the adsorption resin is separated, not only the strain is completely different from the present invention, but also the raw material using soybean embryos can be said to be different from the present invention.
그리고, 미생물을 이용한 어글리콘 이소플라본 생산방법(한국 특허 공개번호 2002-007553)에서는 이소플라본 배당체 용액을 흡착된 수지에 가하여 베타-글루코시다제를 분비하는 미생물을 컬럼에 적용시켜 아글리콘으로 전환시키는 것으로 적용 소재 등도 명확하지 않고, 본 발명과 같이 칡을 이용한 유산균 발효물을 이용하는 방법이 개시되어 있지 않다. In the method for producing aglycone isoflavones using microorganisms (Korean Patent Publication No. 2002-007553), an isoflavone glycoside solution is added to an adsorbed resin to convert microorganisms that secrete beta-glucosidase to a column to convert to aglycone. The application material and the like are also not clear, and a method of using a lactic acid bacterium fermentation product using 칡 as in the present invention is not disclosed.
또한, 이소플라본의 아글리콘의 제조 방법(한국 특허 공개번호 2001-027341)에서는 아스퍼질러스(Aspergillus)속 균주 또는 트리코더마(Trichoderma)속 균주를 이용하고 있으며, 본 발명과 같은 유산균을 이용하는 것과는 균주의 차이가 있으며, 이들은 본 발명과 같이 칡을 이용하고 있지 않다. In addition, a method for producing aglycone of isoflavones (Korean Patent Publication No. 2001-027341) uses an Aspergillus strain or a Trichoderma strain, and it is possible to use a strain of lactic acid bacteria as in the present invention. There is a difference, and they do not use 과 as in the present invention.
다른 종래의 기술로 식물재료로부터 단백질 및 이소플라본 분리 및 회수하는 방법(한국 특허 공개번호 2002-103921)에서는 단백질 추출물을 제조하고 극성이온교환과 접촉시켜 추출물내 이소플라본을 이온교환수지와 결합시켜 분리하는 기술이 공개되어 있고, 어글리콘 이소플라본 생산 방법(한국 특허 공개번호 2001-091098)과 대두배아로부터 이소플라본의 분리, 정제 방법(한국 특허 공개번호 2001-016220)에서는 흡착수지컬럼을 이용하여 회수하는 기술이 공개되어 있으며, 개선된 이소플라본 추출 방법(한국 특허 공개번호 2001-089863)에서는 흡착성 수지를 이용하는 기술이 공개되어 있으나, 이들은 모두가 유산균 발효물을 이용하지 않으며, 주로 수지를 이용하여 분리를 하고 있다. In another conventional technique for separating and recovering protein and isoflavones from plant materials (Korean Patent Publication No. 2002-103921), protein extracts are prepared and contacted with a polar ion exchange to separate isoflavones in the extract with an ion exchange resin. A technique for producing an isoflavone isoflavone (Korean Patent Publication No. 2001-091098) and a method for separating and purifying isoflavone from soybean embryos (Korean Patent Publication No. 2001-016220) are recovered by using an adsorption resin column. In the improved isoflavone extraction method (Korean Patent Publication No. 2001-089863), a technique using an adsorbent resin is disclosed, but all of them do not use a lactic acid bacteria fermentation product, and are mainly separated using a resin. Is doing.
다시 말해서 본 발명에 따른 기술과 같이 유산균 발효물을 이용하고 있지 않고, 주로 알콜 추출 및 산가수분해법, 이온교환수지법을 사용하고 있다. 또한, 대부분의 공개된 기술들은 주로 콩배아 혹은 콩을 대상으로 하고 있으며, 칡에 존재하는 푸에라린을 생물전환시켜 다이드제인으로 만든다는 내용이 없으며, 더욱이 유산균 같은 유용균주를 이용하여 칡발효물을 응용한 연구 결과가 없었다. In other words, lactic acid bacteria fermented products are not used as in the technique according to the present invention, and alcohol extraction, acid hydrolysis, and ion exchange resin methods are mainly used. In addition, most of the published technologies mainly target soybean embryos or soybeans, and there is no content of biotransformation of puerin present in the soybean to make Dyzedine. Moreover, fermented soybean products using useful strains such as lactic acid bacteria There was no study applying the.
그리고, 이미 알려진 바와 같이 유산균은 인간의 건강을 증진시키고 장내의 유해균으로 인한 노화를 방지할 수 있는 효능이 있으로 것으로 밝혀진 이래 다양한 제품에 적용되어 오고 있다. As already known, lactic acid bacteria have been applied to various products since it has been found to be effective in promoting human health and preventing aging due to intestinal harmful bacteria.
유산균은 크게 락토바실러스, 비피도박테리움, 스타필로코커스, 로코노스톡균주로 분류되며, 이들은 발효형태가 이형 발효와 동형발효 통해 생성하는 유기산이 조금씩 다르다. 즉, 락토바실러스와 비피도카테리움의 차이점으로는 락토바실러스는 동형발효를 하는 것과 이형발이 있는 데에 반하여, 비피도박테리움은 단지 이형발효만을 한다는 것이다. Lactic acid bacteria are largely classified into Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Staphylococcus, and Loconok stock strains, and the organic acids produced through heterozygous and homozygous fermentation are slightly different. In other words, the difference between Lactobacillus and Bifidocaterium is that Lactobacillus has homomorphic fermentation and dysmorphic foot, whereas Bifidobacterium has only heteromorphic fermentation.
일반적으로 유산균의 생리활성은 유해균의 증식 억제, 유당 불내성의 완화, 혈청 콜레스테롤의 저하작용, 항암작용, 면역작용, 설사 및 변비의 개선 및 비타민 합성 등을 들 수 있다. In general, the physiological activity of lactic acid bacteria include inhibition of proliferation of harmful bacteria, alleviation of lactose intolerance, lowering of serum cholesterol, anticancer activity, immunity, diarrhea and constipation, and vitamin synthesis.
이와 같은 유산균의 효능을 다양한 식품에 접목시키기 위한 기술이 개발되어 오고 있으나, 이들 기술은 대부분이 우유에 유산균을 접종하고 탈지분유를 첨가하여 유산균을 증식시킨 유산균 음료를 만드는 것이 보편화 된 방법이다. 다시 말해서, 종래의 유산균 제품은 김치 등 제한된 한국 고유이 음식 이외에 유산균 발효식품으로 개발되어 제조되는 식품으로는 극히 한정되어 있는 상태이기 때문에 한국인의 식생활을 감안하여 볼 때, 유산균 발효음식을 섭취하는 것이 그리 용이하지 못하다는 것이다. Techniques for incorporating the effects of such lactic acid bacteria into various foods have been developed, but most of these techniques are commonly used to make lactic acid bacteria beverages in which lactic acid bacteria are inoculated into milk and milk powder is added to increase lactic acid bacteria. In other words, conventional lactic acid bacteria products are limited to the foods developed and manufactured as lactic acid bacteria fermented food in addition to the limited indigenous Korean foods such as kimchi, so considering the dietary life of Koreans, it is not easy to consume lactic acid bacteria fermented foods. It is not easy.
또한, 요구르트와 같은 식품이 한국인의 취향을 고려하여 개발되고 있으나, 이 또한 한국인의 취향에 적절하다 보기 어렵기 때문에 한국인의 취향에 적절한 식품이 절대적으로 부족한 것이 현실이다. 이와 같은 문제를 해결하기 위한 종래의 개발된 기술로 곡류를 이용한 유산균 음료나 젖산을 생산하기 위한 특허인 경우를 살펴보면, 락도바실러스 플랜타럼을 이용하여 채소와 한약재 유래의 젖산발효음료(한국공개특허 2000-0055832)와 쌀눈음료(출원번호 1996-042486), 곡립형태의 쌀을 이용한 젖산발효 제품 제조 방법(공개번호 92-16030), 곡분 이용 액상 젖산 발효 제품의 제조 방법(공개번호 97-14592), 콩 유래 성분을 이용한 젖산의 생산 방법(출원번호 10-1999-0017375) 등이 있다. In addition, foods such as yogurt have been developed in consideration of Korean taste, but since this is also difficult to see suitable for Korean tastes, the reality is that there is absolutely insufficient food suitable for Korean tastes. In the case of patents for producing lactic acid bacteria beverages or lactic acid using cereals as a conventionally developed technology for solving such problems, Lactic acid fermented beverages derived from vegetables and herbal medicines using Lactobacillus plantarum (Korea Patent Publication) 2000-0055832), rice snow drink (Application No. 1996-042486), method for producing lactic acid fermentation product using grain type rice (public number 92-16030), method for producing liquid lactic acid fermentation product using grain flour (public number 97-14592) , A method of producing lactic acid using a soybean-derived component (application number 10-1999-0017375) and the like.
그러나 이들 방법은 모두가 우유를 혼합하거나, 포도당 같은 당류를 첨가하는 방법들로 구성되어 있다. However, these methods all consist of mixing milk or adding sugars such as glucose.
상기와 같은 종래의 유산균 발효에 대한 기술들은 본 발명과 같이 칡을 이용하여 발효시켜 유산균이 존재하면서, 발효 중 생물전환에 의해 식물성 여성호르몬 물질을 동시에 강화시킨 칡발효물에 대한 기술이 전혀 언급되어 있지 않다. As described above, the conventional techniques for fermenting lactic acid bacteria, while lactic acid bacteria exist by fermentation using 칡 as in the present invention, mention of technology for 칡 fermentation at the same time strengthening the plant female hormone substance by bioconversion during fermentation is mentioned. Not.
본 발명의 목적은 상기와 같은 종래의 기술들에 대한 한계를 극복하고, 유산균의 효능과 식물성 에스트로겐이 강화된 물질을 제공하는 데에 있다. An object of the present invention is to overcome the limitations of the conventional techniques as described above, and to provide a substance for enhancing the efficacy and phytoestrogens of lactic acid bacteria.
본 발명의 다른 일 목적은 칡에서 얻은 분쇄물을 살균처리한 후에 다양한 효소를 첨가하여 유산균 생육이 가장 양호한 칡 효소분해물을 획득하는 데에 있다. Another object of the present invention is to sterilize the pulverized product obtained from bovine to add various enzymes to obtain bovine enzymatically decomposed product having the best growth of lactic acid bacteria.
본 발명의 또 다른 일 목적은 유산균의 생육을 보다 더 증가시킬 수 있도록 하는 방법을 제공하는 데에 있다. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method for further increasing the growth of lactic acid bacteria.
본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 칡 효소가수분해물에 락토바실러스, 비피도박테리아, 스트렙토코카스, 로코노스톡 유산균들을 접종하여 발효시켜 칡 유산균 발효물을 얻는 방법과 칡에 콩미세분말 혹은 분유를 10% ~ 20% 첨가후 유산균을 접종하여 발효시켜 칡에 존재하는 이소플라본을 활성이 있는 식물성 여성호르몬(phytoestrogen) 물질로 생물전환시키는 방법을 제공하는 데에 있다. Another object of the present invention is to inoculate fermented lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Streptococcus, Loconokstock lactic acid bacteria in the enzyme hydrolyzate to obtain fermented lactic acid bacteria fermentation and soybean powder or powdered milk in 10% ~ It is to provide a method for bioconversion of the isoflavones present in the 칡 to the active phytoestrogen substance by inoculating and fermenting by lactic acid bacteria after 20% addition.
이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 일 특징은 칡에 물을 가수하여 분쇄물을 얻고, 상기 분쇄물을 60℃에서 예비 가온하여 다음 100℃에서 10분간 가열하여 방냉한 후, 아밀레이스, 글루코아밀에이스, 셀룰레이스 또는 펙틴네이스 효소 중 어느 일 효소를 첨가하여 효소 분해를 통해 효소 칡분해물을 얻고, 상기 칡분해물을 가열 처리하여 효소를 실화시키면서 살균한 후에 락토바실러스, 비피도박테리아, 스트렙토코카스 또는 로코노스톡 유산균 중 어느 일 유산균을 1% 접종하여 24 ~ 36시간까지 배양하는 데에 있다. One feature of the present invention for achieving the above object is to hydrolyze the water to obtain a pulverized product, the preliminary warmed the pulverized product at 60 ℃ and then cooled by heating for 10 minutes at 100 ℃, amylase, gluco Enzyme digestion can be obtained by adding an enzyme of amylase, cellulase or pectinase enzyme, and enzymatic digestion is carried out, and the bacterium is heat-treated to sterilize while enzymatically digesting the lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, streptococcus or It is incubated for 24 to 36 hours by inoculating 1% of any one lactic acid bacterium among Rokonosstock lactic acid bacteria.
상기 첨가 효소로 아밀레이스의 경우에는 100 unit ~ 300 unit/g 칡으로 첨 가되고, 글루코아밀에이스의 경우에는 2.50 unit ~ 5.00 unit/g 칡으로 첨가되며, 셀룰레이스 또는 펙틴네이스의 경우에는 1%로 첨가되는 것이 바람직하다. In the case of amylase, the addition enzyme is added as 100 unit to 300 unit / g 칡, and in the case of glucoamylase, 2.50 unit to 5.00 unit / g 첨가 is added, and in the case of cellulose or pectinase, 1% Is preferably added.
여기서, 유산균의 증식을 증가시키기 위하여 효소 분해된 칡에 첨가 소재로 콩 또는 분유를 10% ~ 20% 첨가한 후 유산균을 접종하여 발효시킬 수도 있다. 상기 콩 또는 분유가 첨가되어 유산균이 접종된 분쇄물은 36시간까지 발효되는 것이 바람직하다. Here, in order to increase the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria may be fermented by inoculating lactic acid bacteria after adding 10% to 20% of soybean or powdered milk as an added material to the enzyme digestion. The soybean or powdered milk is added to the inoculated ground lactic acid bacteria is preferably fermented up to 36 hours.
또한, 유산균으로 비피도박테리아를 접종할 경우에는 발효시킬 칡에 아스코르브산을 0.05% 첨가하는 것이 바람직하고, 상기 효소 분해는 90분 동안 수행하는 것이 바람직하다. In addition, when inoculating bifidobacteria with lactic acid bacteria, it is preferable to add 0.05% ascorbic acid during fermentation, and the enzyme decomposition is preferably performed for 90 minutes.
그리고, 피토에스트로겐성 물질의 추출은 상기 칡 유산균 발효물에서 에탄올로 추출하는 것이 바람직하다. 또한, 상기 발효물의 순도를 높이기 위해 추출물을 에탄올에 다시 녹이거나, 에탄올 추출물을 -5℃ ~ -10℃에서 보관하여 발생되는 침전물이 회수할 수도 있다. In addition, the extraction of the phytoestrogenic substance is preferably extracted with ethanol from the fermented lactic acid bacteria. In addition, in order to increase the purity of the fermentation, the extract may be dissolved again in ethanol, or the precipitate generated by storing the ethanol extract at -5 ° C to -10 ° C may be recovered.
상기와 같은 방법을 통해 식물성 여성 호르몬 물질인 이소플라본이 강화된 칡 유산균 발효물을 획득할 수 있다. 이와 같이 획득되는 칡 유산균 발효물은 유산균제, 건강식품 소재 및 제품, 갱년기 예방 여성식품 소재 및 제품, 미용식품 소재 및 제품, 화장품 소재 및 제품, 아토피 소재 및 제품 또는 연고 소재 및 제품으로 이용될 수 있다. Through the above method can be obtained fermented lactic acid bacteria fermented isoflavone is a plant female hormone substance. The lactic acid bacteria fermented product thus obtained may be used as lactic acid bacteria, health food materials and products, menopausal prevention women food materials and products, beauty food materials and products, cosmetic materials and products, atopy materials and products or ointment materials and products. have.
우선, 본 발명의 주요 사항을 개략적으로 설명하면, 칡에 물을 가수하여 분 쇄물을 얻은 다음, 가열하여 방냉한 후 아밀레이스, 글루코아밀에이스, 셀룰레이스, 펙틴네이스 효소 등을 첨가하여 분해하고, 가열 처리하여 효소를 실화시키면서 살균한다. First, briefly explaining the main points of the present invention, water is added to the water to obtain a pulverized product, and then heated and allowed to cool, followed by decomposition by addition of amylase, glucoamyl acetate, cellulose, pectinase enzyme, and the like. Heat treatment is used to sterilize the enzyme.
이들 살균한 효소가수분해물 혹은 효소로 가수분해하지 않은 칡 분쇄물에 배지에서 배양한 락토바실러스, 비피도박테리아, 스트렙토코카스, 로코노스톡 유산균들을 접종하여 배양시킨다. Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Streptococcus, and Roconostock Lactic Acid Bacteria Cultivated in Media Are Inoculated into These Sterilized Enzymatic Hydrolysates or Millet Grinds Not Hydrolyzed by Enzymes.
이때, 유산균의 증식을 증가시키기 위하여 효소분해한 칡 분쇄물에 콩미세분말 혹은 분유를 첨가하여 배지에서 증식시킨 유산균을 접종할 수도 있다. At this time, in order to increase the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria may be inoculated with lactic acid bacteria grown in the medium by adding soybean powder or powdered milk to the enzymatically-dissolved milled product.
피토에스트로겐의 추출은 상기와 같은 방법을 통해 유산균으로 120시간까지 바람직하게는 36시간까지 발효시켜 제조한 칡발효물을 -20℃ ~ -60℃에서 동결하여 동결건조기로 건조하여 추출하게 된다. 이때, 피토에스트로겐으로 작용하는 플라보노이드를 추출하기 위해 동결건조한 시료 건조 중량에 5 ~ 10배의 에탄올을 가하여 가온하면서 12시간 추출한다. Extraction of phytoestrogen is a fermentation product prepared by fermenting with lactic acid bacteria up to 120 hours, preferably 36 hours through the same method as above to freeze at -20 ℃ ~ -60 ℃ to dry by lyophilizer to extract. At this time, in order to extract the flavonoids acting as phytoestrogens, ethanol of 5 to 10 times is added to the lyophilized sample dry weight and extracted for 12 hours while warming.
여기서, 추출되는 플라보노이드의 순도를 높이기 위해서는 냉침법, 즉 추출물을 에탄올에 다시 녹이거나, 에탄올 추출물을 -5℃ ~ -10℃에서 보관하여 발생되는 침전물을 회수하여 순도를 높일 수 있다. 또한, 추출 수율을 높이기 위해서는 추출 잔사를 이용하여 에탄올 추출을 다시 행하면 될 것이다. Here, in order to increase the purity of the extracted flavonoids, it is possible to increase the purity by recovering the precipitate generated by cold immersion, that is, the extract is dissolved again in ethanol, or by storing the ethanol extract at -5 ℃ ~ -10 ℃. In addition, in order to increase the extraction yield, ethanol extraction may be performed again using the extraction residue.
실시예 1Example 1
칡 효소 분해물을 이용한 유산균 발효시 pH 변화PH pH change during fermentation of lactic acid bacteria by enzyme digestion
칡에 물을 2배에서 5배량 가수하여 콜로이드밀로 분쇄하여 분쇄물을 얻은 다음, 60℃에서 예비 가온한 다음 100℃에서 10분간 가열하여 방냉한 후 아밀레이스(amylase, 100 unit ~ 300 unit/g 칡)와 글루코아밀에이스(glucoamlylase, 2.50 unit ~ 5.00 unit/g 칡)를 첨가하여 당화시켰다. 그리고, 셀룰레이스(cellulase), 펙틴네이스(pectinase) 효소는 1% 정도 첨가하여 효소 분해를 하였다. 2 to 5 times of water is added to the water and pulverized with a colloid mill to obtain a pulverized product.Then, pre-warm at 60 ° C. and then heat at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes to cool the mixture. Amylase (amylase, 100 unit ~ 300 unit / g) Viii) and glucoamyl ace (glucoamlylase, 2.50 unit ~ 5.00 unit / g iii) was added to saccharification. Cellulase and pectinase enzymes were added in an amount of about 1% for enzymatic degradation.
이들 효소 분해는 90분 동안 수행한 후, 가열 처리하여 효소를 실화시키면서 살균하였다. 살균한 효소가수분해물 혹은 효소로 가수분해하지 않은 칡 분쇄물에 배지에서 배양한 락토바실러스, 비피도박테리아, 스트렙토코카스, 로코노스톡 유산균들을 1% 접종하여 24시간까지 배양하였다. These enzymatic digestions were performed for 90 minutes and then heat treated to sterilize the enzymes. Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Streptococcus, and Roconostock Lactobacillus incubated in medium were inoculated on sterilized enzyme hydrolyzate or lysate which was not hydrolyzed by enzyme and incubated for 24 hours.
이에 따른 pH를 조사한 결과는 표 1에 나타내었다. The results of investigating the pH are shown in Table 1.
표 1에서 보는 바와 같이 비피도박테리아를 접종할 경우에는 발효시킬 칡에 아스코르브산을 0.05% 첨가하였다. pH는 발효전 6.0이었으나, 효소로 가수분해하여 유산균으로 발효한 것이 효소로 가수분해하지 않은 칡보다 pH가 0.3 ~ 0.6 정도 낮았다. 따라서 칡을 효소처리를 함에 따라 유산균의 생육이 증가하여 pH가 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. As shown in Table 1, ascorbic acid was inoculated with 0.05% ascorbic acid after fermentation. The pH was 6.0 before the fermentation, but the pH was 0.3 ~ 0.6 lower than that without the hydrolysis with enzyme. Therefore, the enzyme treatment of 칡 increased the growth of lactic acid bacteria appeared to decrease the pH.
이는 칡에 존재하는 전분이 효소에 의해 가수분해되어 생성되는 포도당 등 여러 당류가 유산균의 증식에 기여한 것으로 판단된다. 효소는 아밀레이스와 글루코아밀레이스를 혼합한 것이 가장 생육이 좋았으며, 셀룰레이스와 펙틴네이스는 이보다 낮았다. It is believed that various sugars, such as glucose, produced by the hydrolysis of starch present in 칡 by enzymes, contributed to the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria. The enzyme was best mixed with amylase and glucoamylase, and cellulose and pectinase were lower than this.
균체의 종류에 따라 이용하는 탄소원이 다른데, 송 등(한국미생물학회지, 30권 1호 63페이지 2002년)은 비피도박테리아 SH2는 락토오스(lactose)에서 성장이 잘되며, 포도당과 말토오스(maltose)를 첨가한 경우에도 잘자란다고 하였다. 트레할로오즈(trehalose)(Ling 등, J. Ferment. Bioeng., 80권 204페이지 1995년)는 저장 탄수화물과 에너지 저장원으로 자연계에 존재하는 당류의 일종으로 물리화학적 스트레스에 대한 보호작용을 한다고 하였고, 박 등(한국식품과학회지 28권 3호 451페이지, 1996년)은 트레할로오스 첨가 유·무에 따른 유산균 배양조건에서 트레할로오스를 첨가하면 B. breve가 첨가하지 않았을 경우 보다 잘 자란다고 하였다. 그리고, 이 등(한국농화학회지, 41권 7호 527페이지 1998년)은 비피더스균 발효를 위한 쌀 당화액의 제조공정에서 쌀당화액은 비피더스균에 적합한 기질이고, 효소 당화시 적정 당화시간은 75분이었다고 하였다. Different sources of carbon are used depending on the type of cells. Song et al. (Korean Journal of Microbiology, Vol. 30, No. 1, p. 63, 2002) show that Bifidobacterial SH2 grows well in lactose and adds glucose and maltose. In one case, he said he grew well. Trehalose (Ling et al., J. Ferment. Bioeng., Vol. 80, p. 204, 1995) is a storage carbohydrate and an energy storage source, a saccharide in nature that protects against physicochemical stress. Park et al. (Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology No. 28, No. 3, p. 451, 1996) showed that the addition of trehalose under the culture conditions of lactic acid bacteria with and without trehalose added B. breve. Said to grow well. In addition, Lee et al. (Korean Journal of Agricultural Chemistry, vol. 41, No. 7, pp. 527, 1998) shows that the saccharified liquor is a substrate suitable for bifidus in the process of producing saccharified liquor for fermentation of bifidus. It was minutes.
따라서, 실시예 1의 결과와 같이 효소분해처리에 따라 칡에 존재하는 전분질이 효소에 의해 가수분해되어 생긴 당류들이 유산균의 증식에 사용되었음을 알 수 있다. Therefore, as shown in Example 1, it can be seen that the saccharides generated by hydrolysis of the starch present in the pan by enzymes were used for propagation of lactic acid bacteria.
유산균의 약어 명칭 : 엘에이(Lactobacillus acidophillus), 엘비(L. bulgaricus), 엘시(L. confusus), 엘알(L. reuteri), 엘카(L. casei), 비비(B. breve), 비롱(B. longum), 비아이(B. infantis), 비피(B. bifidum), 비티(B. thermophyllum), 에스프(Str. faecalis), 에스티(Str. thermophillus), 로코프(Leuconostoc plantarum), 로코메(Leuconstoc mesentroides) Lactobacillus abbreviation name: Lactobacillus acidophillus, L. bulgaricus, L. confusus, L. reuteri, L. casei, B. breve, B. longum, B. infantis, B. bifidum, B. thermophyllum, Str. faecalis, St. thermophillus, Leuconostoc plantarum, Locome ( Leuconstoc mesentroides)
실시예 2Example 2
칡의 유산균 발효 시간에 따른 유산균수 Number of Lactic Acid Bacteria by Fermentation Time
실시예 1에서처럼 효소분해한 칡과 효소분해하지 않은 칡 각각에 유산균을 접종하여 36시간까지 발효시켰다. As in Example 1, lactic acid bacteria were inoculated into each of the enzyme-transferred (칡) and non-enzymatically-transformed (시켰다) to ferment for 36 hours.
이때, 발효시간에 따른 유산균수의 변화는 표 2에 나타내었으며, 표기를 보다 간단하게 하기 위하여 유산균수가 ×1010이상은 ⑥, ×109이상은 ⑤로, ×108 이상은 ④로, ×107이상은 ③으로 ×106이하는 ②로, ×105 이하는 ①로 표기하였다. At this time, the change in the number of lactic acid bacteria according to the fermentation time is shown in Table 2, in order to simplify the notation, the number of lactic acid bacteria × 10 10 or more to ⑥, × 10 9 or more to ⑤, × 10 8 or more to ④, × 10 7 or more is indicated by ③, × 10 6 or less, ②, and × 10 5 or less are ①.
전반적으로 아밀레이스와 글루코아릴레이스를 처리한 칡이 셀룰레이스나 펙틴네이스를 처리한 칡보다 유산균이 잘 증식되었고, 아밀레이스와 글루코아밀레이스를 혼합한 효소에서 유산균이 가장 잘 증식되었다. 또한, 발효 12시간 보다 발효 36시간에서 유산균수가 많았으나, 대부분의 유산균은 그 수가 ×108 ~ ×106으로 나타나 유산균을 보다 잘 증식시킬 필요가 있었다. In general, lactobacillus treated with amylase and glucoaryllace showed better growth than lactic acid treated with cellulose or pectinase, and lactic acid bacteria showed the best growth with the enzyme mixed with amylase and glucoamylase. In addition, although the number of lactic acid bacteria was higher in fermentation 36 hours than in 12 hours of fermentation, most of the lactic acid bacteria had a number of × 10 8 ~ × 10 6 It was necessary to grow the lactic acid bacteria better.
일반적으로 효소 중 아밀레이스는 발아중인 여러 종자 중에 함유되어 있는 데, 이 효소는 전분 분자 중 아밀로오스(amylose)에 작용하여 무작위로 1,4-결합을 가수분해하여 덱스트린을 생성하고, 이 덱스트린은 계속 효소 작용을 받아 맥아당 또는 말토트리오스로 분해된다. In general, amylase among enzymes is contained in several germinating seeds, which act on amylose in starch molecules to randomly hydrolyze 1,4-bonds to produce dextrins, which continue to dextrin It is enzymatically decomposed into maltose or maltotriose.
글루코아밀레이스는 전분에 작용하여 아밀로오스와 아밀로펙틴의 1,4-결합, 1,6-결합, 1,3-결합 등에 작용하여 직접 포도당을 생산한다고 알려져 있다(김동훈, 식품화학, 탐구당,1990년). 이러한 당들은 유산균의 증식에 작용한다는 사실은 실시예 1에서 언급하였다. Glucoamylases are known to produce glucose directly by acting on starch and acting on the 1,4-linkage, 1,6-linkage, and 1,3-linkage of amylose and amylopectin (Kim, Dong-Hoon, Food Chemistry, KKD, 1990) ). The fact that these sugars act on the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria was mentioned in Example 1.
유산균의 약어 명칭 : 엘에이(Lactobacillus acidophillus), 엘비(L. bulgaricus), 엘시(L. confusus), 엘알(L. reuteri), 엘카(L. casei), 비비(B. breve), 비롱(B. longum), 비아이(B. infantis), 비피(B. longum), 비티(B. thermophyllum), 에스프(Str. faecalis), 에스티(Str. thermophillus), 로코프(Leuconostoc plantarum), 로코메(Leuconstoc mesentroides)Acronyms of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Lactobacillus acidophillus, L. bulgaricus, L. confusus, L. reuteri, L. casei, B. breve, B.L. longum, B. infantis, B. longum, B. thermophyllum, Str. faecalis, St. thermophillus, Leuconostoc plantarum, Locome ( Leuconstoc mesentroides)
실시예 3Example 3
콩과 분유의 첨가에 따른 칡의 유산균 발효Fermentation of Lactic Acid Bacteria with Soybean and Powdered Milk
실시예 1과 2에서 처럼 효소분해한 칡 또는 효소분해하지 않은 칡에 유산균을 접종하여 발효시켰을 때 유산균이 증식하기는 하였으나, 이보다 더 많은 유산균의 증식이 필요하였다. 이를 위해 첨가 소재로 콩과 분유를 사용하였다. As in Examples 1 and 2, lactic acid bacteria were inoculated and fermented by lactic acid bacteria in fermented or non-enzymatically treated cells, but more lactic acid bacteria were required to grow. For this purpose, soy and milk powder were used as additives.
즉, 실시예 1의 방법으로 효소분해한 칡 분쇄물에 콩미세분말 혹은 분유의 수분함량을 고려하여 10% ~ 20%의 비율로 첨가한 후에 배지에서 증식시킨 유산균을 1% 접종하여 36시간까지 발효시켰다. That is, after the enzyme lysed by the method of Example 1 was added in a proportion of 10% to 20% in consideration of the water content of soybean powder or milk powder, 1% of the lactic acid bacteria grown in the medium was inoculated for up to 36 hours. Fermented.
이때, 유산균수의 변화를 표 3에 나타내었고, 표기를 보다 간략하게 하기 위하여 유산균수는 ×1010이상은 ⑥, ×109이상은 ⑤로, ×108 이상은 ④로, ×107이상은 ③으로 ×106이하는 ②로, ×105 이하는 ①로 구분하여 표기하였다. At this time, the change in the number of lactic acid bacteria is shown in Table 3, in order to simplify the notation, the number of lactic acid bacteria × 10 10 or more ⑥, × 10 9 or more to ⑤, × 10 8 or more to ④, × 10 7 or more ③ is in the × 10 6 or less ②, × 10 5 or less was indicated, separated by ①.
표 3에서 보는 바와 같이 전반적으로 콩과 분유를 첨가하여 유산균을 발효시킨 것이 실시예 2의 첨가하지 않은 것보다 유산균수가 많아짐을 알 수 있었으며, 효소분해한 것이 증식이 좋았다. 그리고, 효소 중 아밀레이스와 글루코아밀레이스로 분해한 것이 셀룰레이스나 펙틴네이스로 처리한 것 보다 좋았다. As shown in Table 3, it was found that the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria by adding soybean and milk powder as a whole increased the number of lactic acid bacteria than that of Example 2, and the enzymatic digestion was good. Decomposition by amylase and glucoamylase among enzymes was better than treatment with cellulose or pectinase.
이는 실시예 1과 2에 언급한 것처럼 효소분해에 의해 생기는 당류들이 유산균의 탄소원으로 사용하는 것을 나타내는 것이다. 유산균 중 락토바실러스와 비피도박테리아는 우유를 첨가한 칡분쇄물에서 잘 자랐으며, 스타필로코커스와 로코노스톡 유산균은 콩을 첨가한 칡분쇄물에서 잘 자랐다. This indicates that the saccharides produced by enzymatic digestion, as mentioned in Examples 1 and 2, are used as carbon sources of lactic acid bacteria. Among the lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria grew well in the milk-added mill, while Staphylococcus and Roconostok lactic acid bacteria grew well in the mill-added mill.
유산균이 우유에 잘 자란다는 것은 오래전부터 널리 알려진 것처럼, 유산균의 증식에는 적절한 단백질원과 탄소원이 필요한 것임을 알 수 있다. 쳉(Cheng)(J. Food Sci. 55권 4호 1178페이지 1990년)은 콩을 이용하여 유산균을 발효하여 소이거트(sogurt)를 만들기 위하여 Streptococcus thermophilus와 Lactobacillus casei를 사용하였다. As long as it is widely known that lactic acid bacteria grow well in milk, it can be seen that proper protein and carbon sources are required for the growth of lactic acid bacteria. Cheng (J. Food Sci. 55, No. 4, No. 4, page 4, page 1178, 1990) used Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus casei to ferment lactic acid bacteria using soybean to make sogurt.
두유의 가열처리가 젖산균의 산생성과 대두요구르트의 품질에 미치는 영향을 연구한 고(한국식품과학회지 20권 3호 317페이지 1988년)는 두유를 60℃에서 10분 이상 가열하였을 때 유산균이 증식하여 산을 생성하였다고 하였다. 칸다(Kanda) 등(Process. Biochem. 11권 5호 23페이지 1976년)은 전지 대두로 만든 두유를 90℃, 100℃, 121℃에서 10분 또는 20분 가열하여 Lactobacillus acidophilius를 접종하여 두유요구르트를 만들고자 하였다.A study on the effect of heat treatment of soymilk on acid production of lactic acid bacteria and soybean yoghurt quality, Ko (Look. To produce an acid. Kanda et al. (Process. Biochem. 11, no.5, p. 23, 1976) inoculated Lactobacillus acidophilius by inoculating Lactobacillus acidophilius by heating soymilk made from soybean at 90 ° C, 100 ° C, and 121 ° C for 10 minutes or 20 minutes. I wanted to make it.
이러한 연구에 비추어 칡분쇄물에 콩이나 우유를 첨가하면 유산균 증식이 활발히 일어날 수 있는 것이다. In the light of these studies, the addition of soybean or milk to crushed ground can lead to the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria.
유산균의 약어 명칭 : 엘에이(Lactobacillus acidophillus), 엘비(L. bulgaricus), 엘시(L. confusus), 엘알(L. reuteri), 엘카(L. casei), 비비(B. breve), 비롱(B. longum), 비아이(B. infantis), 비피(B. longum), 비티(B. thermophyllum), 에스프(Str. faecalis), 에스티(Str. thermophillus), 로코프(Leuconostoc plantarum), 로코메(Leuconstoc mesentroides)Acronyms of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Lactobacillus acidophillus, L. bulgaricus, L. confusus, L. reuteri, L. casei, B. breve, B.L. longum, B. infantis, B. longum, B. thermophyllum, Str. faecalis, St. thermophillus, Leuconostoc plantarum, Locome ( Leuconstoc mesentroides)
시험예 1Test Example 1
유산균 발효에 따른 식물성 여성호르몬(phytoestrogen) 물질의 변화Changes in Phytoestrogen Substances by Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermentation
피토에스트로겐으로 작용하는 이소플라본의 분석은 일본 자스코(JASCO) 사의 HPLC를 이용하였다. 사용한 컬럼은 ODS계열의 YMC AM303(4.6 x 250mm)이였으며, 이동상은 0.1% acetic acid를 함유한 아세토나이트릴(acetonitrile)과 0.1% acetic acid를 함유한 2차 증류수를 30:70비로 혼합한 용매를 사용하였다. Analysis of isoflavones acting as phytoestrogen was performed by HPLC of JASCO, Japan. The column used was OMC-based YMC AM303 (4.6 x 250mm), and the mobile phase was a solvent mixed with acetonitrile containing 0.1% acetic acid and secondary distilled water containing 0.1% acetic acid in a 30:70 ratio. Was used.
유속은 1.0 mL/분으로 조절하였고 주입량은 20㎕였다. 검출기는 UV 검출기로 파장은 254nm, 감도는 0.32로 하였다. 이소플라본의 표준물질은 미국 시그마사(Sigma Co, USA)의 제품을 사용하였고, 일부는 Dr. Murphy(Iowa State Unveristy)와 Dr Kim(Kyung Hee university)로부터 제공받아 사용하였다. 이소플라본의 추출은 동결건조한 유산균 칡발효물 0.5g에 0.1% acetic acid를 함유한 70% 에탄올을 사용하여 상온에서 24시간 추출하였다. The flow rate was adjusted to 1.0 mL / min and the injection volume was 20 μl. The detector was a UV detector with a wavelength of 254 nm and sensitivity of 0.32. The standard for isoflavones is from Sigma Co, USA. It was provided by Murphy (Iowa State Unveristy) and Dr Kim (Kyung Hee university). Isoflavones were extracted at room temperature for 24 hours using 70% ethanol containing 0.1% acetic acid in lyophilized lactic acid bacteria.
추출농도는 약 120mg/5mL의 농도가 되도록 조절하였다. 추출 후 10,000rpm에서 원심분리하여 얻어진 상등액을 HPLC 분석 시료로 사용하였다. 배당체 가수분해후 추출은 동결건조한 유산균 칡발효물 0.5g에 1N 염산 15mL를 가하여 120℃의 리팅 블록(heating block)에서 90분 동안 가수분해시켜 이소플라본 배당체를 어글리콘으로 전환시켰다. 가수분해 후 상온으로 냉각한 후 메탄올을 첨가하여 50mL로 맞추고 교반시켜 이소플라본을 용출하였으며, 10,000rpm에서 원심분리하여 얻어진 상등액을 HPLC 분석 시료로 사용하였다. Extraction concentration was adjusted to a concentration of about 120mg / 5mL. Supernatant obtained by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm after extraction was used as HPLC analysis sample. After glycoside hydrolysis, extraction was performed by adding 15 mL of 1N hydrochloric acid to 0.5 g of lyophilized lactic acid bacteria fermentation, and hydrolyzing for 90 minutes in a heating block at 120 ° C. to convert the isoflavone glycoside into aglycone. After hydrolysis, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, methanol was added to adjust to 50 mL, and the mixture was stirred to elute isoflavone. The supernatant obtained by centrifugation at 10,000 rpm was used as an HPLC analysis sample.
실시예 1, 2, 3의 방법으로 혼합효소를 사용한 칡효소분해물에 콩을 10 ~ 20% 첨가하여 유산균으로 120시간까지, 바람직하게는 36시간까지 발효시켜 제조한 콩 첨가 칡발효물 중 락토바실러스, 비피도박테리아, 스타필로코커스, 로코노스톡균주 중 어느 하나를 선택하여 -20℃ ~ -60℃에서 동결건조하여 동결물을 취득하였다. Examples 1, 2, and 3 by adding 10-20% of soybeans to the enzyme digestion using the mixed enzyme and fermented by lactic acid bacteria up to 120 hours, preferably 36 hours lactobacillus , Bifidobacteria, Staphylococcus, Loconok stock strain was selected and lyophilized at -20 ℃ ~ -60 ℃ to obtain a frozen product.
상기 동결건조물 중 여성호르몬으로 작용하는 피토에스트로겐을 분석한 결과는 표 4에 나타내었다. Table 4 shows the results of analyzing phytoestrogens acting as female hormones in the lyophilisate.
발효하기 전 칡에 존재하는 피토에스트로겐 물질인 다이드제인은 1370mg/100g, 다이드진은 821mg/100g, 그리고 푸에라린은 5489mg/100g이 존재하였으나, 제니스테인과 제니스틴은 거의 존재하지 않았다. Before fermentation, 1370 mg / 100 g of dyzein, 821 mg / 100 g of dyedzine, and 5489 mg / 100 g of puerin were present in phytoestrogens.
이에 비하여 콩의 경우에는 발효하기 전 다이드제인 5.3mg/100g, 다이드진 18.9mg/100g, 제니스테인 9.9mg/100g, 제니스틴 42.3mg/100g으로 나타났으며, 푸에라린은 존재하지 않았다. In comparison, soybeans were found to be 5.3 mg / 100 g of dyed agent, 18.9 mg / 100 g of dydazine, 9.9 mg / 100 g of Genistein, and 42.3 mg / 100 g of Genistin before fermentation.
발효가 진행됨에 따라, 칡에 존재하는 푸에라린의 함량은 급격히 감소하였으며, 다이드제인은 급격히 증가하였다. 또한 발효가 진행됨에 따라 다이드진과 제니스틴 함량이 감소하였다. As the fermentation progressed, the content of puerarin present in the mud rapidly decreased, and dyed zein increased rapidly. Also, as the fermentation progressed, the content of dydzin and genistin decreased.
이러한 현상은 유산균이 칡을 발효시키면서 푸에라린과 다이드진은 다이드제인으로, 제니스틴은 제니스테인으로 생물전환 된 것이라 할 수 있다. 즉, 발효 전 칡에 함유된 푸에라린 함량은 5489mg/100g이었으나, 유산균으로 발효하면 그 함량은 1400 ~ 3209mg/100g으로 감소하였으며, 반면 칡에 함유된 다이드제인은 발효 전 1370mg/100g이었으나, 발효 후 2375mg/100g ~ 3758mg/100g으로 증가하여 푸에라린과 다이드진에서 다이드제인으로 생물전환 되었음을 보여주는 것이다. This phenomenon can be said that the lactic acid bacteria are fermented to the bovine, while puerin and dyed jine is bio-converted to dyed zein, zenithin and genistein. In other words, the content of puerarin in 전 before fermentation was 5489mg / 100g, but when fermented with lactic acid bacteria, the content was reduced to 1400-3209mg / 100g, whereas the Dyzedine contained in 칡 was 1370mg / 100g before fermentation. After fermentation, it increased from 2375mg / 100g to 3758mg / 100g to show that the bioconversion from puerin and dyedzine to dyedzein.
김 등(Arch. Pharm. Res. 21권 1호 17페이지 1998년)은 장내 미생물에 의해 플라보노이드의 대사에 대해 발표한 논문에서 장내세균들은 푸에라린과 다이드진을 다이드제인으로 전환시킨다고 보고하였고, 메밀 등에 존재하는 루틴 등도 쿠어세틴으로 전환한다고 하였다. Kim et al. (Arch. Pharm. Res. 21, No. 1, p. 17, 1998) reported in their study on the metabolism of flavonoids by enteric microorganisms that enterobacteriaceae convert puerin and dydazine to dyedzein. And rutin in buckwheat and the like are also converted to quercetin.
지 등(J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 12권, 1호 8페이지 2002년)은 유산균의 일종인 Bifidobacterium sp. int-57에 존재하는 베타-글루코시데이스에 의해 두유의 발효과정 중 플라보노이드 배당체가 완전히 가수분해된다고 하였다. 이들은 두유를 18시간 발효시키면 다이드진과 제니스틴이 가수분해되어 다이드제인과 제니스틴으로 전환된다고 하였다. (J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Vol. 12, No. 1, p. 8, 2002) is Bifidobacterium sp. The beta-glucosidase present in int-57 completely hydrolyzed the flavonoid glycosides during fermentation of soymilk. They said that fermented soymilk for 18 hours converted hydrolyzed Dydzin and Genistin to Dyzedine and Genistin.
다이드진, 포모노네틴, 제니스틴 같은 이소플라보노이드는 여러 동물의 장내세균에 의해 전환되어 가수분해된다는 보고(Griffiths 등 Biochem. J. 130권 141페이지 1972년 : Batterham 등Aust. J. Agric. Res., 22권 131페이지 1971년, Barz 등 Phytochem., 9권 1745페이지 1970년)에 비추어 본 발명의 내용 중 칡을 이용한 유산균 발효물은 발효과정 중 배당체가 아글리콘으로 생물전환 된다고 할 수 있으며, 이러한 전환과정에서 여성호르몬 작용이 있는 유용한 물질인 다이드제인과 제니스테인으로 전환되었다고 할 수 있다. Isoflavonoids such as dydazine, pomononetin and genistin are reported to be converted and hydrolyzed by enterobacteriaceae in various animals (Griffiths et al. Biochem. J. 130 vol. 141 1972: Batterham et al. Aust. J. Agric. Res. , Vol. 22, p. 131, 1971, Barz et al., Phytochem., Vol. 9, p. 1745, 1970). In the conversion process, it can be said that the useful substances with female hormone action were converted into Dyzedein and Genistein.
그러나, 위의 연구자의 연구들은 대부분 유산균을 사용하지 않고 동물의 장내 미생물을 이용했다는 것은 본 발명의 결과와 큰 차이가 있는 것이다. 또한, 이 소플라본의 아글리콘의 제조 방법(한국 특허 공개번호 2001-027341)에서는 아스퍼질러스(aspergillus)속 균주 또는 트리코더마(trichoderma)속 균주를 이용하고 있다는 점들에 있어서 본 발명에서 유산균을 이용하는 특허와는 균주가 달라 많은 차이가 있으며, 이들은 칡을 이용하지 않았고, 본 발명에서는 칡을 주로 사용했다는 것이 큰 특징이다. 게다가, 대부분의 공지된 기술에 있어서는 푸에라린을 생물전환 시켜 다이드제인으로 만든다는 내용이 없으며, 주로 콩배아 혹은 콩을 대상으로 하고 있다. However, most of the studies of the above researchers used the intestinal microorganisms of animals without the use of lactic acid bacteria is a big difference from the results of the present invention. In addition, in the method for producing aglycone of the soflavones (Korean Patent Publication No. 2001-027341), a strain using lactic acid bacteria in the present invention is used in the strain of the genus Aspergillus or the genus Trichoderma. There are many differences with the strain, and they do not use the 칡, in the present invention is a big feature that mainly used 칡. In addition, most of the known techniques do not mention that fuerin is bioconverted to make Dyzedine, and is mainly targeted to soybean embryos or soybeans.
유산균의 약어 명칭 : 엘에이(Lactobacillus acidophillus), 엘카(L. casei), 비비(B. breve), 비아이(B. infantis), 비롱(B. longum), 에스프(Str. faecalis), 로코프(Leuconostoc plantarum)Acronyms of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Lactobacillus acidophillus, L. casei, B. breve, B. infantis, B. longum, Str. Faecalis, Rokoff (Leuconostoc plantarum)
시험예 2Test Example 2
간독성의 해독 효과 Detoxification effect of hepatotoxicity
실험동물은 젖뗀 숫쥐 60마리를 표준식이로 14일간 급여하여 적응시킨 후, 평균체중 98.0 ±2.5g인 숫쥐를 난괴법으로 10마리씩 6군으로 나누어 에탄올을 25%용액으로 만들어 5주 동안 같은 시간에 체중 1kg당 2g씩 경구투여하였고, 에탄올 비급여군(대조군)은 동일열량의 설탕용액을 공급하였다. 표준식이(카제인 20%, 옥수수전분 50%, 설탕 15%, 셀룰로오스 5%, 옥수수유 5%, 혼합미네랄 3.5%, 혼합비타민1%, 메사이오닌 0.3%, 콜린클로라이드 0.2%)로 사육하면서 물에다 현탁시킨 칡발효 추출물을 5%로 만들어 물대신 공급하였다. The experimental animals were fed with 60 male milk rats for 14 days as a standard diet, and then divided male rats with an average body weight of 98.0 ± 2.5 g into six groups of 10 male eggs by the ovarian method to make ethanol 25% solution at the same time for 5 weeks. 2g per 1kg body weight was orally administered, ethanol non-feeding group (control) was fed the same calorie sugar solution. Water on a standard diet (20% casein, 50% corn starch, 15% sugar, 5% cellulose, 5% corn oil, 3.5% mixed minerals, 1% mixed vitamins, 0.3% mesionine, 0.2% choline chloride) Suspended fermented extract was added to prepare 5% instead of water.
5주 사육 후 마취·개복하여 복부 대동맥에서 채혈한 후 원심분리하여 혈청을 시료로 사용하였다. 혈청 중 아미노트란스퍼라제(aminotransferase)활성 측정은 키트(kit, Eiken사)를 사용하였고, 글루타치온 퍼록시다제(glutathione peroxidase) 활성은 파글리아(Paglia)의 방법(Paglia 등, J. Lab. Clin. Med., 70권 158페이지, 1967년)에 따라 단백질 mg당 1분 동안 산화되는 NADPH의 감소량을 340nm에서 측정하였다. 글루타치온 S-트랜스퍼라제(glutathione S-transferase)의 활성은 하빅(Habig) 등의 방법(Habig 등, J. Biol. Chem., 249권 130페이지 1974년)으로 GSH-DNCB 컨주게이트(conjugate)의 흡광도계수를 이용하여 산출하였다. 장기중 간은 채혈 직후 적출한 후 생리식염수로 씻어내어 무게를 측정하였다. After 5 weeks of breeding, anesthesia was opened, blood was collected from the abdominal aorta, and centrifuged. Serum was used as a sample. Serum aminotransferase activity was measured using kit (Eiken), and glutathione peroxidase activity was determined by Paglia et al., J. Lab. Clin. Med., Vol. 70, page 158, 1967), measured the reduction in oxidized NADPH at 340 nm for one minute per mg of protein. The activity of glutathione S-transferase was determined by the method of Habig et al. (Habig et al., J. Biol. Chem., Vol. 249, p. 130, 1974). The absorbance of GSH-DNCB conjugates Calculated using the coefficients. The organs were collected immediately after blood collection, washed with physiological saline, and weighed.
간의 무게는 칡발효물이 대조군과 에탄올투여군보다 중량이 적었으며, 에탄올 투여군은 칡발효물을 먹은 쥐에 비해 약 2배정도 간의 무게가 증가하여, 지방간에 의한 간의 무게가 증가함을 알 수 있어, 칡 발효물은 알콜에 의한 쥐의 지방간 진행을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. The weight of liver was lower than that of control and ethanol-treated groups, and the weight of liver increased by about twice as much as that of rats fed ethanol. 칡 Fermentation has been shown to inhibit alcoholic liver progression in rats by alcohol.
혈청 아미노트란스퍼라제(aminotransferase)는 조직이 손상되면 혈중으로 유 출되어 활성이 증가하므로, 간세포의 변성이나 괴사를 반영하는 효소(Huh 등, J. Nutrition., 105권 112페이지 1975)이며, 만성 알콜 중독시 나타나는 간의 손상은 알콜의 직접적인 독성 효과로 간주되기도 한다(Wardlaw 등, Prespectives in nutrition. 246페이지, 1996년). Serum aminotransferase is an enzyme (Huh et al., J. Nutrition., Vol. 105, page 1975) that reflects degeneration or necrosis of hepatocytes because tissue leaks into the blood and increases its activity. Liver damage during alcoholism is also considered a direct toxic effect of alcohol (Wardlaw et al., Prespectives in nutrition. P. 246, 1996).
본 발명에서 칡 발효물을 급여시 아미노트란스퍼라제(aminotransferase)의 활성이 감소하는 것으로 보아 에탄올 투여로 인한 간조직의 손상도 칡 발효물의 투여로 경감되었음을 나타내는 것이다. In the present invention, when the fermented fermented product is reduced the activity of aminotransferase (aminotransferase) indicates that the damage of liver tissue due to ethanol administration was also reduced by the administration of fermented fermented product.
글루타치온 S-트랜스퍼라제(glutathione S-transferase)는 글루타치온(glutathione)의 SH그룹과 결합하여 배설하기 쉬운 형태로 만들어 주므로 지질 과산화 반응으로부터 생체를 보호하는 작용이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다(Burk 등, Biochem. Biophys. Acta., 618권 35페이지 1980년). 흰쥐에게 40일간 총열량의 36%를 에탄올로 급여하였을 때, 글루타치온 S-트랜스퍼라제의 활성(glutathione S-transferase)이 증가하였으며, 이는 에탄올에 의해 유도된 산화적 손상으로부터 조직을 보호하기 위한 적응 반응이라고 Oh 등(J. Nutr. 128권 758페이지, 1998년)이 설명한 바와 같이, 칡발효물을 섭취한 경우 글루타치온 S-트랜스퍼라제(glutathione S-transferase) 활성은 에탄올 단독 투여군보다 증가하였다. Glutathione S-transferase binds to the SH group of glutathione (glutathione), making it easy to excrete, and is known to have a function of protecting the living body from lipid peroxidation reactions (Burk et al., Biochem. Biophys Acta., Vol. 618, page 35, 1980). When rats were fed 36% of their total calories for 40 days with ethanol, glutathione S-transferase activity increased, which is an adaptive response to protect tissues from oxidative damage induced by ethanol. As described by Oh et al. (J. Nutr. 128, 758 pages, 1998), glutathione S-transferase activity was increased in the case of ingestion of fermented yeast.
따라서, 에탄올 섭취에 의한 산화적 손상을 칡 발효물을 섭취함으로 억제할 수 있는 것이다. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the oxidative damage caused by ethanol intake by ingesting fermented products.
글루타치온 퍼록시다제(glutathione peroxidase)는 과산화 수소와 과산화 지 질을 동시에 환원시켜줌으로써 세포 구성성분을 산화적 손상으로부터 보호해 주는 작용을 한다(Chow 등, J. Vit. Nutr. Res. 50권 364페이지 1980년). 산소라디칼을 제거하는 효소계 중 글루타치온을 이용하는 효소계가 알콜 섭취에 따른 조직 손상에 대한 보호 효과가 큰 것으로 알려져 있고(최 등, 한국식품영양과학회지 24권 859페이지 1995년), 간이 손상을 받을 때 보상작용으로 글루타치온 합성 능력을 높여 글루타치온 퍼록시다제의 활성을 증진시켜 혈중 글루타치온 방출이 증가된다고 한다(Yoshida 등, J. Biochem. 96권 1391페이지 1984년). 본 발명에서 에탄올-칡발효물 급여군에서 글루타치온 퍼록시다제(glutathione peroxidase)의 활성이 에탄올 투여군보다 낮게 나타난 것은 칡발효물의 투여가 알콜로 인한 간손상을 억제 시킬 수 있음을 보여주는 것이라 할 수 있다. Glutathione peroxidase protects cellular components from oxidative damage by simultaneously reducing hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxide (Chow et al., J. Vit. Nutr. Res. 50, p. 364). 1980). Among enzymes that remove oxygen radicals, enzymes that use glutathione are known to have a large protective effect against tissue damage caused by alcohol intake (Cho et al., Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition Science, vol. 24, pp. 859, 1995). It is believed to increase glutathione release by increasing glutathione synthase activity by increasing glutathione peroxidase activity (Yoshida et al., J. Biochem. 96 vol. 1391, p. 1984). In the present invention, the activity of glutathione peroxidase in the ethanol- 칡 fermentation fed group was lower than that of the ethanol-administered group, indicating that administration of the fermented fermentation can suppress liver damage due to alcohol.
유산균의 약어 명칭 : 엘에이(Lactobacillus acidophillus), 비비(B. breve), 비아이(B. infantis), 에스프(Str. faecalis), 로코프(Leuconostoc plantarum)Acronyms of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Lactobacillus acidophillus, B. breve, B. infantis, Str. Faecalis, Locov (Leuconostoc plantarum)
시험예 3Test Example 3
칡 유산균 발효물의 유방암에 대한 억제 효과 억제 Inhibitory Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermentation on Breast Cancer
실시예 1, 2, 3의 방법으로 혼합효소를 사용한 칡효소분해물에 콩을 10 ~ 20% 첨가하여 발효하지 않은 칡과 유산균으로 120시간까지 바람직하게는 36시간까지 발효시켜 제조한 콩 첨가 칡발효물중 락토바실러스, 비피도박테리아, 스타필로코커스, 로코노스톡균주중 일부를 선택하여 -20℃ ~ -60℃에서 동결하여 동결건조기로 건조한 건조물을 사료에 5%씩 혼합하여 생후 5주령의 흰쥐 암컷 60마리에 7일간 급여하여 실험 적응시킨 후, 난괴법으로 10마리씩 6군으로 나누어 25주 동안 사육하였다. Soybean-added fermentation prepared by adding 10-20% of soybean to the enzyme degrading product using the mixed enzyme by the method of Examples 1, 2, and 3 and fermenting it with fermented lactic acid bacteria up to 120 hours, preferably 36 hours Some of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Staphylococcus, and Loconok stock strains in water were frozen at -20 ℃ ~ -60 ℃, and dried by freeze-dryer 5% of the rats. Sixty females were fed for seven days, and then adapted to the experiment. The eggs were divided into six groups of ten by the ingot method and reared for 25 weeks.
25주 사육 후, 마취ㆍ개복하여 전체 유선내 유선암 종양의 개수를 측정한 후 종양부피를 4/3πr3식으로 계산하였다. 유방암 발암제로 알려진 DMBA의 투여는 식용유에 녹여 생후 50일령의 실험동물에 개체당 25mg 경구 투여하였다. After 25 weeks of breeding, anesthesia and laparotomy were performed to determine the total number of mammary gland cancer tumors in the mammary gland, and the tumor volume was calculated by 4 / 3πr 3 . DMBA, known as a breast cancer carcinogen, was dissolved in cooking oil and administered orally to 25 mg oral animals in a 50-day-old experimental animal.
DMBA 투여 후, 유선암 진단을 위하여 복부 촉진을 실시하였다. 발암제 투여후 첫 종양이 나타나기까지의 기간은 각 실험동물별로 기록하여 처리구 당 전체 일수에 종양 보유 실험 동물로 나누어 첫 종양이 나타나기까지의 기간을 산출하였다. 또한, 종양출현율은 DMBA 처리 일령기준으로 하여 전체실험동물에 대한 종양 보유 실험 동물수의 비율을 계산하여 산출하였다. After DMBA administration, abdominal palpation was performed to diagnose mammary cancer. The period until the first tumor appeared after administration of the carcinogen was recorded for each experimental animal and divided into tumor-bearing experimental animals for the total number of days per treatment to calculate the period until the first tumor appeared. In addition, the tumor occurrence rate was calculated by calculating the ratio of the tumor-bearing experimental animals to the total experimental animals on the basis of DMBA treatment age.
실험동물의 사료 섭취량은 약 15g ~ 17g/흰쥐/일로 큰 변화가 없었다. 표 6에서 보는 바와 같이, 사료 내 칡 발효물을 첨가한 경우, 실험동물내 종양의 개수 를 줄이는 데 효과가 있었다. 또한 발암제인 DMBA처리후 첫 종양이 나타나는 기간도 칡 발효물의 첨가로 현저히 늦어졌으며, 종양 출현율도 실험 종료시까지 보유하고 있는 실험동물 비율이 낮아졌다. 종양부피에서도 칡발효물을 투여한 쥐에서 부피가 적어, 발생된 종양의 진전을 억제하는 효과를 보였다. 따라서 칡유산균 발효물은 갱년기 여성에 나타날 수 있는 유방암을 억제하는 효과가 있음을 실험동물에서 보여주는 것이다. Feed intake of experimental animals was not significantly changed, about 15g ~ 17g / rat / day. As shown in Table 6, the addition of the fermented fermented food in the feed, it was effective in reducing the number of tumors in the experimental animals. In addition, the first tumor appearance after DMBA treatment, a carcinogen, was significantly delayed due to the addition of fermented products, and the rate of tumors was lowered until the end of the experiment. The tumor volume was also small in rats treated with fermented fermented rice, which suppressed the development of tumors. Therefore, Lactobacillus fermentation shows that it has the effect of suppressing breast cancer that may appear in menopausal women.
유산균의 약어 명칭 : 엘에이(Lactobacillus acidophillus), 비비(B. breve), 비아이(B. infantis), 에스프(Str. facecalis), 로코프(Leuconostoc plantrum)Acronyms of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Lactobacillus acidophillus, B. breve, B. infantis, Str. Facecalis, Lococon (Leuconostoc plantrum)
이러한 실시예에 따라 유산균으로 발효한 칡 발효물은 간 해독 작용, 발효과정중 여성호르몬으로 작용하는 식이성 에스트로겐 물질이 강화됨에 따라 유방암 억제효과가 있어 다양한 기능성 식품 소재 및 유산균 소재, 피토에스트로겐 소재로도 이용할 수 있는 것이다. 칡 Fermented products fermented with lactic acid bacteria in accordance with these embodiments has the effect of inhibiting breast cancer as the dietary estrogen substance that acts as a female hormone during the fermentation process, liver fermentation effect, and various functional food materials, lactic acid bacteria material, phytoestrogens material Can also be used.
실시예 4Example 4
에탄올 추출에 의한 칡과 칡유산균 발효물에서 피토에스트로겐성 물질의 회수Recovery of Phytoestrogens from Fermented Soybean and Fermented Lactic Acid Bacteria by Ethanol Extraction
실시예 1, 2, 3의 방법으로 유산균으로 120시간까지 바람직하게는 36시간까지 발효시켜 제조한 칡발효물중 락토바실러스, 비피도박테리아, 스타필로코커스, 로코노스톡균주 중 발효가 잘된 균종을 선택하여 -20℃ ~ -60℃에서 동결하여 동결건조기로 건조한 건조물 중 여성호르몬으로 작용하는 피토에스트로겐을 추출하였다. Examples 1, 2, and 3 of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Staphylococcus, and Loconos stock strains were used in the fermentation products produced by fermentation with lactic acid bacteria up to 120 hours, preferably 36 hours. Selected and frozen at -20 ℃ ~ -60 ℃ to extract the phytoestrogens acting as female hormone in the drying dried by lyophilizer.
추출물에 존재하는 총 플라보노이드 함량은 손 등의 방법(손은심, 식물성 식품중 총플라보노이드 함량과 생리활성 탐색, 이화여자대학교 대학원 학위논문, 1999년)을 이용하여 유산균 칡발효물 1g에 50% 메탄올 용액 60 mL를 가하여 80℃에서 1시간 환류추출하였다. 냉각후 50% 메탄올로 100mL 정용하여 여과지(Whatman No. 2)로 여과하여 시료 용액으로 사용하였다. The total flavonoid content in the extract was 50% methanol in 1 g of lactic acid bacteria fermented fermentation product using hand method (Hand Eun Shim, Exploration of total flavonoid content and physiological activity in vegetable food, Graduate Thesis, Ewha Womans University, 1999). 60 mL of the solution was added and refluxed at 80 ° C. for 1 hour. After cooling, the mixture was filtered with filter paper (Whatman No. 2) 100 mL of 50% methanol and used as a sample solution.
시험관에 다이에칠렌 글라이콜(diethylene glycol) 10mL와 시료 용액 1 mL를 취해 혼합한 후 여기에 1N NaOH 1mL를 가하여 다시 혼합하고37℃에서 1시간 방치 후 420nm에서 흡광도를 측정하였다. 공시험은 시료 용액 대신 50% 메탄올 용액을 이용하여 동일하게 처리하였으며, 이때 표준용액으로 검량선을 작성하여 플라보노이드 함량을 결정하였다. 10 mL of diethylene glycol (diethylene glycol) and 1 mL of a sample solution were mixed in a test tube, and then, 1 mL of 1N NaOH was added thereto, mixed again, and the absorbance was measured at 420 nm after standing at 37 ° C. for 1 hour. The blank test was treated in the same manner using a 50% methanol solution instead of the sample solution. At this time, a calibration curve was prepared using a standard solution to determine the flavonoid content.
피토에스트로겐으로 작용하는 플라보노이드를 추출하기 위해 동결건조한 시료 건조 중량에 5 ~ 10배의 에탄올을 가하여 가온하면서 12시간 추출하였다. 이 에 탄올 추출물을 감압농축하여 농축물의 총플라보노이드양을 조사한 결과는 표 7에 나타내었다. To extract flavonoids acting as phytoestrogens, ethanol (5-10 times) was added to the freeze-dried sample dry weight and extracted for 12 hours while warming. The ethanol extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to investigate the total flavonoid content of the concentrate.
이 결과 에탄올 추출로 발효 후 존재하는 피토에스트로겐을 90%이상 회수할 수 있었다. 총 함량은 발효전 칡은 실시예 4에서 7680mg/100g이었으나 에탄올로 단순 추출하면 6170.8mg/100g로 회수율은 80.3%였다. 그러나, 칡발효물들은 회수율이 87 ~ 92%였다. 이것은 유산균 발효에 따라 칡에 존재하는 수용성을 가진 배당체들이 아글리콘으로 전환되기 때문이라고 판단되었다. As a result, ethanol extraction was able to recover more than 90% of the phytoestrogens present after fermentation. The total content was 7680mg / 100g in Example 4 before fermentation, but 6170.8mg / 100g recovery rate was 80.3% by simple extraction with ethanol. However, the fermented products recovered 87-92%. It was judged that this is because the water-soluble glycosides present in the shoot are converted into aglycone by the lactic acid bacteria fermentation.
일반적으로 대부분의 플라보노이드는 당이 가수분해되면 물에는 잘녹지 않으며, 에칠아세테이트 같은 유기용매에는 작 녹는다(김동훈, 식품화학, 68페이지, 탐구당, 1990년). 국내에 공개된 이소플라본을 이용한 기술들은 상당히 많다고 할 수 있으나, 유산균을 발효하여 그 발효물을 이용하거나, 발효물에서 추출하는 방법은 없다고 할 수 있다. In general, most of the flavonoids are insoluble in water when sugar is hydrolyzed, and they are small insoluble in organic solvents such as ethyl acetate (Kim Dong-hoon, Food Chemistry, p. 68, Insukdang, 1990). There are many technologies using isoflavones disclosed in Korea, but there is no method of fermenting lactic acid bacteria and using the fermented product or extracting from fermented product.
한편, 순도를 높이기 위해서는 냉침법 즉 추출물을 에탄올에 다시 녹이거나, 에탄올 추출물을 -5℃ ~ -10℃에서 보관하면 침전물이 발생되는 데 이를 회수하면 순도를 높일 수 있을 것이며, 추출 수율을 높이기 위해서는 추출 잔사를 이용하여 에탄올 추출을 다시 행하면 될 것이다. On the other hand, in order to increase the purity, the cold immersion method, that is, the extract is dissolved again in ethanol, or the ethanol extract is stored at -5 ℃ ~ -10 ℃ precipitates are generated, the recovery will be able to increase the purity, in order to increase the extraction yield The ethanol extraction may be performed again using the extraction residue.
유산균의 약어 명칭 : 엘에이(Lactobacillus acidophillus), 엘카(L. casei), 비비(B. breve), 비아이(B. infantis), 비롱(B. longum), 에스프(Str. faecalis), 로코프(Leuconostoc plantarum)Acronyms of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Lactobacillus acidophillus, L. casei, B. breve, B. infantis, B. longum, Str. Faecalis, Rokoff (Leuconostoc plantarum)
시험예 4Test Example 4
칡과 유산균 칡발효물에서 에탄올 추출물의 티로시네이스 활성 억제효과Inhibitory Effect of Ethanol Extracts on Tyrosinase Activity in Fermented Fruits
티로시네이스(tyrosinase)저해활성은 0.175M 인산나트륨(sodium phosphate) 0.2 mL, 5mM DOPA 용액 0.2mL, 실시예 4의 칡 및 칡발효 추출물 0.5mL를 잘 혼합하여 35℃에서 방치한 후 티로시네이스(tyrosinase) 효소액(110 unit/ml) 0.1 mL를 가하여 2분 동안 반응시킨 후 475 nm에서 흡광도(S)를 측정하였다. 흡광도를 측정 후, 다시 증류수 0.1 mL를 2분 동안 반응 시킨 후 475 mn에서 흡광도(B)를 측정하였다. 흡광도(B)를 측정 후 증류수 0.5 mL를 가하여 잘 혼합 후 35℃에서 방치 후 티로시네이스(tyrosinase) 효소액(110 unit/mL) 0.1 mL를 가하여 2분 동안 반응 후 475 nm에서 흡광도(C)를 다시 측정 하여 티로시네이스(tyrosinase) 저해 활성 효과를 다음 식인 티로시네이스(tyrosinase) 활성 억제 효과(%) = 〔1-(A-B/C)〕×100으로 계산하였다. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity was well mixed with 0.2 mL of 0.175M sodium phosphate, 0.2mL of 5mM DOPA solution, 0.5mL of 칡 and 칡 fermented extract of Example 4, and then left at 35 ° C. (tyrosinase) 0.1 mL of enzyme solution (110 unit / ml) was added thereto to react for 2 minutes, and then absorbance (S) was measured at 475 nm. After measuring the absorbance, 0.1 mL of distilled water was reacted for 2 minutes, and then the absorbance (B) was measured at 475 mn. After measuring absorbance (B), 0.5 mL of distilled water was added, mixed well, and left at 35 ° C., and then 0.1 mL of tyrosinase enzyme solution (110 unit / mL) was added thereto, followed by reaction for 2 minutes, and then absorbance (C) at 475 nm. It was measured again and the tyrosinase inhibitory activity effect was calculated as the following formula tyrosinase activity inhibitory effect (%) = [1- (AB / C)] × 100.
티로시네이스(tyrosinase)는 검은 반점 물질인 멜라닌 색소의 생성에 관여하는 효소로 알려져 있다. 티로시네이스에 의해 티로신(tyrosine)으로부터 도파-키논(dopa-quinone)을 거쳐 멜라닌 색소(melanin pigment)가 합성된다. Tyrosinase is known as an enzyme involved in the production of melanin pigment, a black spot substance. Tyrosine synthesizes melanin pigments from tyrosine via dopa-quinone.
이에 따라 생물체를 원료로 사용하는 화장품제조업, 제약업에서는 티로시네 이스의 효소적 산화반응에 대한 제어가 관심의 대상이 되고 있다. 멜라닌 생합성 과정의 유일한 주요 효소인 티로시네이스(tyrosinase, monophenol, dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine : oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.14.18.1)는 넓은 범위의 페놀화합물을 기질로 이용하는 구리함유 효소이다. 이 효소는 생체내에서 검은 반점의 원인이 되는 멜라닌 색소의 합성 과정 중 먼저 티로신을 기질로 하여 Mason-Raper 경로를 거치게 된다. Accordingly, in the cosmetic manufacturing and pharmaceutical industries using living organisms as a raw material, the control of enzymatic oxidation of tyrosinase has been of interest. Tyrosinase, monophenol, dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine: oxygen oxidoreductase (EC 1.14.18.1), the only major enzyme in melanin biosynthesis, is a copper-containing enzyme that uses a wide range of phenolic compounds as substrates. The enzyme first goes through the Mason-Raper pathway using tyrosine as a substrate during the synthesis of melanin pigment, which causes dark spots in vivo.
따라서, 티로시네이스를 억제한다면 인체내 멜라노사이트에서 생성되는 멜라닌 색소의 양을 줄일 수 있어 미백 효과를 얻을 수 있는 것이다. 티로신네이스 저해제로는 인체의 hyper-pigmentation 치료에 사용하는 4-hydroxyanisole, hydroxyquinone을 비롯하여 4-hexylresorcinol, troplpne, cinnamic acid, benzoic acid, koji acid 등이 보고 되어있으나, 칡 발효물 유래의 티로시네이스 저해제에 과한 보고는 없다고 할 수 있다. Therefore, if tyrosinase is inhibited, the amount of melanin produced by melanocytes in the human body can be reduced, thereby achieving a whitening effect. Tyrosinease inhibitors include 4-hydroxyanisole, hydroxyquinone, 4-hexylresorcinol, troplpne, cinnamic acid, benzoic acid, koji acid, etc., which are used to treat hyper-pigmentation in humans. There is no report about this.
표 8에 나타낸 것처럼 칡 유산균 발효물의 에탄올 추출물의 티로시네이스 활성을 억제하는 효과는 발효전 79.3%에 비해 발효후에는 90%이상 증가하므로 티로시네이스 활성 저해제로 사용 할 수 있으며, 티로시네이스에 의해 피부 침착 색소인 멜라닌 색소가 만들어진다는 여러 연구 보고에 비추어 유산균 칡 발효물 에탄올추출물은 화장품 및 비누의 미백소재로 이용 할 수 있는 것이다. As shown in Table 8, the effect of inhibiting the tyrosinase activity of the ethanol extract of lactic acid bacteria fermentation is increased by more than 90% after fermentation, compared to 79.3% before fermentation, and can be used as a tyrosinase activity inhibitor. In light of various studies that melanin pigment, a skin deposition pigment, is produced, lactic acid bacteria fermented ethanol extract can be used as a whitening material for cosmetics and soap.
유산균의 약어 명칭 : 엘에이(Lactobacillus acidophillus), 엘카(L. casei), 비비(B. breve), 비아이(B. infantis), 비롱(B. longum), 에스프(Str. faecalis), 로코프(Leuconostoc plantarum)Acronyms of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Lactobacillus acidophillus, L. casei, B. breve, B. infantis, B. longum, Str. Faecalis, Rokoff (Leuconostoc plantarum)
일반적으로 멜라닌은 표피의 가장 아래층인 기저층에서 만들어지고, 피부의 신진대사와 함께 위로 이동하게 된다. 피부의 컨디션이 나빠지면 멜라닌 색소는 그대로 남아 기미, 주근개 등의 잡티가 되는 것이다. In general, melanin is produced in the basal layer, the lowest layer of the epidermis, and moves up with the metabolism of the skin. If the condition of the skin worsens, the melanin pigment remains and becomes blemishes such as blemishes and freckles.
따라서, 티로시네이스를 억제하면서 멜라닌 색소가 표피로 이동하는 것을 억제시키는 제품 기능을 갖고 있으면 보다 확실한 미백 효과를 얻을 수 있는 것이라 할 수 있다. 시험예 4에서 유산균 칡 발효물은 티로시네이스 저해 활성 효과가 있어 미백 소재로도 사용할 수 있음을 보여 주는 것이다. Therefore, it can be said that a certain whitening effect can be obtained if it has a product function which suppresses the melanin pigment migration to an epidermis while suppressing tyrosinase. In Experimental Example 4 lactic acid bacteria 칡 fermentation shows that tyrosinase inhibitory effect can be used as a whitening material.
이상의 실시예에서 칡 유산균 발효물은 식물성 에스트로겐(phytoestrogen)을 강화한 제품 및 소재, 또한 이들 발효물을 이용한 간독성의 해독 소재 및 제품, 유방암 억제 소재 및 제품, 티로시네이스 활성 저해에 따른 미백 소재 및 제품에 응용 할 수 있는 것이다. In the above embodiment, lactic acid bacteria fermented product is a product and material fortified with phytoestrogen, and also a hepatotoxic detoxifying material and product using these fermentations, a breast cancer suppressing material and product, a whitening material and product due to inhibition of tyrosinase activity It can be applied to.
이상에서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명은 전술한 기술 구성으로 인하여 칡과 칡 효소 분해물을 이용하여 유산균 발효물을 만들면서 동시에 칡에 존재하는 이소플라본을 활성이 있는 식물성 여성호르몬(phytoestrogen) 물질로 전환시킴으로 간 독성의 해독 효과, 유방암에 대한 억제 효과, 티로시네이스 활성 저해에 따른 미백 효과가 있는 칡 발효물을 만들 수 있는 것이다. 이외에도 에탄올 추출에 의한 칡유산균 발효물에서 피토에스트로겐성 물질의 회수하여 이를 응용한 기능성 소재를 얻을 수 있는 것이다. As described above, the present invention by using the above-described technical configuration to make the lactic acid bacteria fermentation by using the enzyme digestion and 칡 at the same time by converting the isoflavones present in 로 into active plant female hormone (phytoestrogen) material The detoxification effect of hepatotoxicity, the inhibitory effect on breast cancer, and the whitening effect of tyrosinase activity inhibition can be made. In addition, it is possible to obtain a functional material by applying the phytoestrogens recovered from the 칡 lactic acid bacteria fermentation by ethanol extraction.
이외에도 에탄올 추출에 의한 칡유산균 발효물로부터 회수되는 티로시네이스(tryrosinase)활성 억제에 의한 미백 효과가 있다. In addition, there is a whitening effect by inhibiting tyrosinase activity recovered from the lactic acid bacteria fermentation product by ethanol extraction.
또한, 본 발명에 따라 칡 유산균 발효물은 유산균제로도 이용할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 건강식품 소재, 여성식품 소재, 미용식품 소재, 아토피소재, 화장품소재, 연고 소재 등 다양하게 이용 할 수 있다. In addition, lactic acid bacteria fermented product according to the present invention can be used as a lactic acid bacteria as well as a variety of health food material, women food material, beauty food material, atopy material, cosmetic material, ointment material.
이상에서 설명한 것은 본 발명에 따른 하나의 실시예에 불과한 것으로서, 본 발명은 상기한 실시예에 한정되지 않고, 이하의 특허청구범위에서 청구하는 바와 같이 본 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 당해 발명이 속하는 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가라면 누구든지 다양한 변경 실시가 가능한 범위까지 본 발명의 기술적 정신이 있다고 할 것이다. What has been described above is only one embodiment according to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the present invention belongs without departing from the gist of the present invention as claimed in the following claims. Anyone skilled in the art will have the technical spirit of the present invention to the extent that various modifications can be made.
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