KR100548109B1 - Method for forming grouped soil particles in gardening culture soil and gardening culture soil formed the grouped soil particles - Google Patents

Abstract

Natural soil and glass cullets are mixed to form soil granules. Soil granules formed through the mixing of glass cullets and soil serve to promote plant growth by improving breathability with permeability. It is preferable that the particle size of a glass cullet is 3 mm or less, and a compounding ratio is 10 to 50%.

Glass cullet, Horticultural soils, Soil granulation, Permeability, Breathability

Description

METHOD FOR FORMING GROUPED SOIL PARTICLES IN GARDENING CULTURE SOIL AND GARDENING CULTURE SOIL FORMED THE GROUPED SOIL PARTICLES}

1 is a soil fragment formed by the present invention.

Figure 2 is a graph showing the ratio of grain formation soil to the dry weight of the test according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a graph showing the ratio of the single grain formation soil to the soil portion in the dry weight of the test according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a foreground of the test zone for plant growth effect test according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a growth state of the African marigold at the end of plant cultivation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a graph showing the length of the pool for each test section of the plant growth experiment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a graph showing the building weight of the plants for each test zone of the plant growth experiment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a method for forming soil shorts to increase permeability and permeability to cultivated culture soils, and to cultivated cultivated soils having such grains.

There are various kinds of plants to be cultivated such as vegetables and flowers, such as those suitable for dry soils, those requiring conservative soils, those suitable for acidic soils, and those suitable for alkaline soils. Most of them are suitable for plant growth, and in particular, for plant growth, it is required to activate the metabolism of microorganisms in soil by increasing permeability and permeability to the cultivated culture soil.

On the other hand, colorless things, such as for window glass, can be reused by collect | recovering and dissolving among the waste glass handled as nonflammable dust. In addition, some glass bottles such as beer bottles are recovered, washed, and reused as recoverable bottles. However, even if the glass bottles such as colored glass bottles such as green and blue, and imported wines having different shapes and components from domestic products are recovered, Since it cannot be reused and reused, landfilling is performed as waste. Therefore, in view of environmental conservation and resource consumption suppression, there is a need for a reuse method for such colored glass bottles or glass bottles having different shapes and components from domestic products.

An object of the present invention is to form soil granules in the cultivated culture soil which improve the permeability and air permeability of the culture soil by mixing the glass cullets obtained by crushing the waste glass which cannot be reused to the soil.

The soil granules of the present invention are formed by mixing natural soil and glass cullets in cultivated cultivated soils, preferably, the particle size of the glass cullets is 3 mm or less, and the mixing ratio of the glass cullets is 10% or more and 50% or less. do.

In the particle size of the glass cullet, the particle diameter of 1 mm is the same level as that of natural sand, and grinding below this is unnecessary only to increase the grinding cost unnecessarily, and coarse grinding of 3 mm or more may damage the human body by debris. It is not preferable because of concern.

With respect to the mixing ratio, the glass cullet has the effect of improving air permeability and permeability, but since the source of the active force for plant growth is only the soil part in the culture soil, when the mixing ratio exceeds 50%, the soil in the culture soil becomes less active. It is not preferable because it cannot exert force.

Experimental Example 1

As a result of the experiments, the inventors have found that when the crushed glass cullet is mixed with the soil, as shown in FIG. 1, at least 4 mm of grains are formed in the soil, and the soil grains are positively charged at the glass surface. It was discovered that silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ , Ca ²⁺ , and other cations) in the glass cullet was electrically coupled to the negatively charged clay mineral. The present inventors measured the degree of influence on the formation of grains by varying the particle size of the glass cullet and the mixing ratio into the soil, and also, the soil formed on the culture soil by cultivating the plant directly using the horticultural culture soil having such soil grains. The effect of short grains on plant growth was confirmed.

The analysis of the grains is an operation that separates the grains by applying an external force greater than the bonding force between the grains or between the grains and the grains, and smaller than the force acting between the particles inside the grains, and quantifies the grains by particle size. In wet-body fractionation, the forces applied to a single grain are hydration and vibration in water. When immersion of the granules in water loses the condensation force derived from the water film of the gap between the granules and the granules, and some of the materials that loosely connect the granules weaken the bonding force and are liable to cause deformation or collapse. When the sieve moves up and down in water, particles connected with a weaker bonding force collapse and remain in the sieve having voids of each class depending on the particle diameter. Each remaining grain is represented as a percentage of the formula dry weight.

The mixture of soil and glass cullet is called "culture soil" below. A mixing ratio is represented by the volume ratio which a glass cullet occupies, and 40% of glass cullets and 60% of soil shall be 40%.

The glass cullet and the greenery soil were mixed to obtain a cultured soil. The official soil is pale black clay from greenery (vegetation: Sinasa and Glumi: Pterocaryastenocarpa) on the campus of the Faculty of Horticulture at Chiba University. Except for the black layer of 4 cm from the surface layer, a bricked layer of 7-8 cm below was taken. The collected soil was passed through a 2 mm sieve and air dried for one week. The glass cullet transferred from Enlight Corporation (Headquarters: Chiba-chan Yachiyoshi) was washed with tap water and dried. Both were put in a polyvinyl bag and mixed to obtain a cultured soil. The sprayer was sprayed on the culture soil while measuring the weight by balance, and the amount of water was made 60% of the maximum amount of water (WHC). A silicone stopper was sealed at the inlet of the polyvinyl pouch containing the culture soil and incubated at 25 ° C. for 14 weeks. Moisture was replenished in the same manner as above so that the culture soil did not dry about once every two weeks during the culture. The glass cullet used two types of particle diameters of 1 mm and 3 mm. The composition of the culture soil consists of the ratio of the volume ratio as shown in the table. 10% of 1 mm of glass cullet particle diameters were prepared by mixing 10% and 90% of soils, and produced 1 mm 10% similarly below. As a control, a total of 11 test zones were installed, including the soil alone.

Experimental operation was carried out in three test zones. The sample was first air dried for a week. It aimed to finish air drying so that the hardness of a grain not to be crushed by lightly pinching a single grain was carried out. Since the soil weight is required, the water content was measured separately. The dry sample is weighed (approx. 20 g) and spread several times every 30 minutes to 1 hour in order to prevent it from being superimposed on the shale. Provided. The evaporating dish was washed, dried for one day, and weighed.

Five sieves having a diameter of 12.5 cm and a height of 5 cm were stacked to form an assembled sieve. A sieve of 4 mm, 3.35 mm, 2 mm, 1 mm, 0.5 mm from the top was used. The assembled sieve was placed in a water bath and filled with water. Water was put into the upper sieve until the water was submerged to move the assembled sieve up and down to release air. Sprayed monolithic samples were submerged in water for each evaporating dish and carefully transferred to spread evenly over the net with slow tilting. When moving up and down on the sieve sorter, `` The water is submerged in the mesh of the top sieve even when the assembled sieve is at the top, and the water is below the edge of the sieve at the top even when the assembled sieve is at the bottom. '' The amount of water was adjusted so as to sieve for 1 hour. If the sifting machine is not slippery, add lubricant. If coarse organic matter is suspended in the tank where the sifting is completed, it is taken out and weighed by furnace weighing to correct the published weight. When draining water from a tank, never pull up the assembled sieve or tilt it from tank to tank. There is a fear that strong pressure is applied to the granules and collapses. Thus, a vinyl tube was inserted into the water bath and drained on the principle of siphon. Sieves sifted into each sieve were collected in each evaporating dish. Heated on hot plate until water evaporated. The resultant was placed in a dryer at 105 ° C. for 5 hours or more, cooled with a indicator, and weighed. The particles after weighing were crushed with a rubber stopper or rubbed with a finger and passed through the sieve again. When crushing the particles, use a rubber stopper at the top of the sieve as much as possible. If your eyes are fine and uncomfortable with a rubber stopper, transfer them to a sieve without crushing them in another place. Here, the particles which did not pass through the sieve were regarded as particles which do not constitute a single grain, that is, particles of the original size (primary particles), and were subjected to an oven weighing.

The calculation and display of the experimental data is expressed as the ratio of the weight of the single grains sifted to each particle diameter to the dry weight of the test soil. The weight of each grain size has inserted the primary particle and the coarse organic substance. The soil disclosed in the above experiment was considered for each particle size at this time whether or not the glass cullet itself was treated as primary particles in consideration of the fact that the glass cullet was incorporated.

(Glass cullet 3 mm test fixture)

Particles with a grain size of 4 mm or more: Spheres with a grain size of 4 mm or more have a glass cullet particle diameter of 3 mm. Most of the grains are solidified from the glass and the soil, and the glass removed as the primary particles is not counted because it exits the sieve.

Single grain size 3 mm sphere: The average grain size 3 mm sphere, the size of the actual sieve eye is 3.32 mm, and the glass part in the remaining grains is stuck with the soil and is larger than 3.32 mm, and the primary glass cullet of this division No particles were generated.

Particle diameter of 2 mm grain diameter: The glass cullet itself was mostly left in the particle diameter particle diameter of 2 mm diameter, and even if there was soil, the glass cullet in this division was removed as primary particle so that it might adhere to glass.

Single-grain particle diameter 1 mm sphere: In the single-grain particle diameter 1 mm sphere, soil granules with a particle diameter of 1 mm or more are remarkably seen. However, glass cullets were also seen and removed as primary particles.

Single grain size 0.5 mm ball: The small grain size 0.5 mm ball has little glass cullet and small soil grains are seen. If there was a glass cullet, it was removed as primary particles.

(Glass cullet 1 mm test fixture)

In the case of the glass cullet 1 mm test sphere, the grain size of 4, 3, and 2 mm spheres has a large number of single grains in which the 1 mm glass cullet and the soil are combined, and most of them escape the operation of removing the primary particles. Was not counted as primary particles. In the 1 mm sphere having a single grain size, most of the glass cullet itself was removed as primary particles. The glass cullet was contained also in the 0.5 mm diameter particle diameter, and it removed as the primary particle.

The data calculated in this manner is shown in FIG. 2 as the "a ratio of the grain formation soil to the weight of the public dry soil". This is the ratio of the grain formation soil when the published soil is 100%. Moreover, the operation | movement which removes all the glass cullets of each above-mentioned single grain size division was performed, and it shows in FIG.

As a result of the experiment, it was found that a single grain was formed by blending the glass cullet from the difference between the no addition sphere and the glass cullet blending sphere, and in particular, a single grain of 4 mm or more was formed. However, no constant relationship was seen between the mixing ratio of the glass cullets and the formation state of the single grains. The increase in the mixing ratio of the glass cullet does not increase the grain size. As the glass cullet increases, the soil minerals, which are clay minerals, decrease, so that the resultant grain size does not increase. It is understood to follow.

Experimental Example 1

In addition, the inventors conducted a model experiment to confirm the effect of the grains formed through the mixing of the glass cullet and the soil on the actual plant growth. A cultivation experiment in the open air was performed assuming that the glass cullet was actually used as a soil improving material.

The glass cullet was blended with soil (light black clay) collected from uncultivated land in Chiba University, Department of Horticulture, to be cultured soil. The collected pale black clay was passed through a 5 mm sieve to remove coarse branches, leaves, and stones. An appropriate amount of the glass cullet was blended, and about 8 g of a chemical fertilizer serving as a manure was added. The culture soil was filled with a mesh sheet in the bottom hole of the 1 / 10000a wagner pot. The laboratory-owned pavement, which is a cultivation site, was cultivated and a plastic dummy grass mat was placed thereon to prevent weeds from sprouting. Block seats were sandwiched between the ports to prevent them from falling down by the wind (see Figure 4). The mixing ratio of the glass cullets is shown in Table 2.

A total of 7 test pieces and 5 repetitions were performed including no addition. Nine seeds of African Marigold (Isis special mixed name: Tagetes erecta L. Salesperson: Katathano Tane) were sown and cultivated in the open air for 90 days (July 27, 2002). African marigold, unlike the French marigold of the dwarf varieties disclosed in the phosphate ceramic experiment of Chapter 2, has a grass length of 1 m and a flower diameter of 7 to 8 cm. The flowering season is a variety that can withstand the heat of summer from June to November.

Water was not added daily. 17 days after the start of cultivation, the leaves were removed and placed in a pot to 1 stub. Since the leaves were being eaten by insects, they were sprayed with horticultural insecticides. Thereafter, insecticides were sprayed every two weeks for insect repellent. After 90 days, the plants were harvested and used as samples. The amount of chemical fertilizer components in 90 days of cultivation was N: 8%, P ₂ O ₅ : 8%, K ₂ O: 8%, and 0.64 g of N, P ₂ O ₅ , and K ₂ O per port, respectively.

The grass length of the plants was measured 34 days after sowing and at the end of cultivation. Plants were cut from the source with nippers, weighed immediately to ensure that moisture in the plants was not evaporated or leaked as much as possible, and placed in an A4 sized tea bag and dried for measurement in the building (80 ° C., 48 hours). The measurement in the building was large, so that the stem was cut in the state of putting a dried plant in a tea bag and placed on a scale.

As a result of the experiment, since the start date of the cultivation was the middle stage of the African marigold firearm, the long day was shortened in the late cultivation period, so that the original grass length was not over 1 M.

The plant at the end of the cultivation is shown in FIG. African marigold (Isis special mixed species) is orange and yellow, but there is no difference in ecology and growth. The grass length (FIG. 6) and the plant weight (FIG. 7) also showed the highest value of 3 m 10% in the total test plots, and the plant weights were significantly higher in comparison with the no additions. Subsequently, 3 mm 30% of spheres were high, and the value which exceeded the no addition sphere was seen in 3 mm sphere as a whole. On the 34th day after planting, there was a statistically significant difference from the non-added group at 3 mm 10%, but there was no significant difference at the end of the cultivation. 1 mm spheres and 3 mm spheres also tended to have lower values as the glass cullet blending ratio was higher. However, it did not fall far below the no-added furniture.

As a result, it was found that when the glass cullet was blended with 10% to 30%, the growth of African marigold was promoted. In particular, it was found that when promoted in 3 mm spheres more than 1 mm spheres and blended with 10%, growth was significantly higher than that in the non-added spheres, and about 2 times growth was achieved.

On the other hand, although the relationship between the glass cullet addition ratio and the granule formation ratio was not recognized, since no granules were formed at all in the non-added spheres, silicon dioxide (SiO ₂₎ of the glass cullet positively charged on the glass surface as a cause of the formation of the granules was observed. ) Is electrically coupled with the negatively charged clay minerals, and another factor is the action of microorganisms. Soil microorganisms develop hyphae and connect the inlets, or the viscous substances generated when organic matter is decomposed. The addition of glass cullets allows granulation, which results in physical changes in the added culture soil, and the formed granules provide a wide variety of pores in the soil, which improves air permeability to the soil, thereby promoting growth from the elongation of the roots in plants. Provide effect.

According to the present invention, the effective use of the waste glass is facilitated, and by mixing the glass cullet with the soil, soil grains can be formed in the culture soil, which improves permeability and air permeability, thereby exerting an excellent effect in promoting plant growth. do.

Claims (10)

A method of forming soil granules in cultivated culture soil by mixing natural soil with glass cullets obtained from waste glass. The method of claim 1 wherein the grain size of the glass cullet is 3 mm or less. The method of claim 2, wherein the glass cullet has a particle size of at least 1 mm. The soil grain formation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the blending ratio of the glass cullets is 10% or more and 50% or less. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the glass cullet has a particle size of 3 mm and a blending ratio of 10% by volume. A cultivated culture soil comprising soil granules formed by mixing natural soil with glass cullets obtained from waste glass. 7. The cultivation soil for horticulture according to claim 6, comprising soil granules formed by glass cullets having a particle size of 3 mm or less. 8. The cultivation soil for horticulture according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises soil granules formed by glass cullets having a particle size of 1 mm or more. The cultivation soil for horticulture according to any one of claims 6 to 8, comprising soil granules formed by mixing the glass cullet in a volume ratio of 10% or more and 50% or less. 10. A cultivated culture soil according to claim 9, comprising soil granules formed by glass cullets having a particle size of 3 mm and a blending ratio of 10% by volume.

Images