KR100496444B1 - absorption chiller - Google Patents

Abstract

The absorption chiller is an evaporator which evaporates a refrigerant liquid to generate refrigerant vapor, an absorber which absorbs the evaporated refrigerant vapor to generate a relatively low temperature rare solution, and a first temperature for preheating the relatively low temperature rare liquid flowing out of the absorber. A heat exchanger, a high temperature regenerator for heating the preheated rare solution to a predetermined temperature (T ₁ ) to generate a heavy solution and a high temperature refrigerant vapor, and the first heat exchange using the high temperature (T ₁ ) refrigerant steam as a heat source. relatively low temperature from the submersible fluid circulation groups (T ₂₎ low-temperature regenerator, through the low-temperature regenerator is cooled to a predetermined temperature (T _2), the condensed saturated temperature condensing the refrigerant used as the heat source for evaporating the refrigerant vapor in (T ₃ ) by the number of the heat recovery to generate refrigerant vapor in the second heat exchanger, the saturation temperature (T ₃₎ from the condensing refrigerant vapor in the relatively low temperature supplied from the low-temperature regenerator to cool And he comprises the temperature of the refrigerant vapor, comprising: a condenser for condensing the refrigerant vapor supplied from the heat recovery means and the low-temperature regenerator satisfy the relation of T ₁ ≥T ₂ ≥T _3.

Description

Absorption chiller

The present invention relates to an absorption chiller, and more particularly, to an absorption chiller capable of reusing the latent heat of refrigerant steam generated in a low temperature regenerator.

Absorption refrigerator refers to a refrigerator that cools water flowing through a pipe by using vaporization heat when the refrigerant evaporates, and condenses and reuses the evaporated refrigerant. Generally, water is used as a refrigerant and is used to recover the evaporated refrigerant. Lithium sulfide is used as the absorbing liquid.

1 shows a conventional absorption chiller. Referring to this, the absorption chiller includes an evaporator 1, an absorber 2, exchangers 3a and 3b, regenerators 4a and 4b, and a condenser 5.

In the evaporator 1, the refrigerant is sprayed on a pipe (not shown), and the vaporization heat is evaporated from the water flowing in the pipe. The refrigerant evaporates to become water vapor, and the absorber 2 absorbs the water vapor generated in the evaporator 1 as the absorbent liquid. At this time, the absorption liquid which absorbed water vapor becomes thinner, and the absorption ability falls. In the regenerators 4a and 4b, in order to restore the water absorption capability of the absorbent liquid, the low concentration absorbent liquid is heated to push out the water vapor and concentrate the absorbed liquid. In the condenser 5, the water vapor separated from the absorbent liquid is liquefied and used again as a refrigerant in the evaporator 1. The absorbent liquid circulates between the absorber 2 and the heat exchangers 3a and 3b and the regenerators 4a and 4b.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a waste heat exchange system for utilizing the heat generated in the high temperature regenerator according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the high temperature regenerator 4a heats the solution to 150 ° C. to separate the refrigerant vapor and the absorbing solution, and the low temperature regenerator 4b maintains the refrigerant vapor at about 97 ° C. as a condensation refrigerant. Is concentrated to a concentrated solution. In the above process, since the refrigerant vapor maintained at 150 ° C. in the high temperature regenerator 4a is taken into the low temperature regenerator 4b and takes about 50 ° C. of heat to the outside, between the high temperature regenerator 4a and the low temperature regenerator 4b. Heat exchangers 3a and 3b for utilizing the waste heat are installed.

In addition, the above-described heat loss problem also occurs between the low temperature regenerator 4b and the condenser 5. That is, the saturation temperature of the low temperature regenerator 4b is about 97 ° C, whereas the saturation temperature of the condenser 5 is about 40 ° C. Therefore, another heat exchanger 3c is additionally installed so that the low temperature regenerator 4b and the condenser 5 can be reused without wasting thermal energy.

As described above, although the conventional absorption chiller is configured to maximize the use of thermal energy, another heat source generated in the low temperature regenerator, that is, a dilute solution in the low temperature regenerator 4b, has a high temperature output from the high temperature regenerator 4a. There is no provision for recovering the latent heat of the refrigerant vapor separated from the dilute solution when it is concentrated while being heated by the refrigerant vapor. In other words, the steam generated in the high temperature regenerator 4a is efficiently used for heating the absorbent liquid or the refrigerant to reduce heat loss in the freezer, while the refrigerant vapor separated from the dilute solution in the low temperature regenerator 4b Despite having almost the same energy as the steam generated in the hot regenerator, it was not reused but condensed in the condenser 5 and was then discarded out through the cooling water.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the absorption chiller having a heat recovery means for reusing the refrigerant steam so as not to waste the heat of the refrigerant vapor generated in the low temperature regenerator to a relatively low temperature condenser The purpose is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the absorption chiller of the present invention is an evaporator for evaporating a refrigerant liquid to generate refrigerant vapor, an absorber for absorbing the evaporated refrigerant vapor to generate a relatively low temperature rare solution, and a relative discharged from the absorber. A first heat exchanger for preheating a low temperature rare solution, a high temperature regenerator for heating the preheated rare solution to a predetermined temperature (T ₁ ) to generate a heavy solution and a high temperature refrigerant vapor, and the high temperature (T ₁ ) refrigerant. A low temperature regenerator for evaporating refrigerant vapor at a relatively low temperature (T ₂ ) from a heavy solution circulating the first heat exchanger using steam as a heat source, and cooled to a predetermined temperature (T ₂ ) through the low temperature regenerator and used as the heat source. A second heat exchanger for cooling the condensed refrigerant to a condensation saturation temperature (T ₃ ), and a condensation saturation temperature (T) from a relatively low temperature refrigerant vapor supplied from the low temperature regenerator. ₃ ) a heat recovery means for generating a refrigerant vapor and a condenser for condensing the refrigerant vapor supplied from the heat recovery means and the low temperature regenerator, the temperature of the refrigerant steam satisfies the relationship of T ₁ ≥ T ₂ ≥ T ₃ It involves doing.

Preferably, the heat recovery means is provided between the low temperature regenerator and the condenser, the terminal for receiving the refrigerant steam, and a heat transfer tube disposed inside the terminal and supplied with a solution of a lower temperature than the refrigerant vapor.

In addition, the heat pipes are alternately arranged to widen the contact area with the refrigerant vapor, and the heat pipe includes a rare solution supplied from the absorber.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to the common or dictionary meanings, and the inventors should properly explain the concept of terms in order to best explain their own invention. Based on the principle that can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, various modifications that can be replaced at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be equivalents and variations.

3 is a schematic diagram showing a system for heat recovery of refrigerant vapor generated in a low temperature regenerator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to this, the absorption type refrigerator of the present invention is an evaporator 10, an absorber 20, a first heat exchanger 30, a high temperature regenerator 40, a low temperature regenerator 50, a second heat exchanger 60, heat recovery means. 70 and a condenser 80 are provided. In addition, in the drawing, the solid line indicates the flow of the absorbent liquid, and the dotted line indicates the flow of the refrigerant vapor.

The evaporator 10 generates vapor by evaporating the refrigerant. The coolant is sprayed on a pipe (not shown) through which a hotter water flows than the coolant through the injection nozzle, or flows from the tray to the pipe. The refrigerant in contact with the pipe takes heat of vaporization from the water and turns it into steam. The refrigerant not evaporated is collected in a tray provided at the bottom, and the accumulated refrigerant flows back into the evaporator 10 by a circulation pump (not shown) and circulates.

The absorber 20 absorbs the vaporized refrigerant vapor to produce a low temperature rare solution. The absorber 20 has a cooling tube (not shown) therein. An absorbent liquid at about 50 ° C. for absorbing the refrigerant vapor is sprayed on the cooling tube in the form of a spray nozzle or a tray at the upper side of the absorber 20. As a result, the absorbing liquid absorbs the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator 10, dilutes the concentration, and turns into a low temperature rare solution of about 37 ° C while liquefied by a cooling tube disposed inside the absorber 20.

The first heat exchanger 30 preheats the low temperature rare solution flowing out of the absorber 20. Although a heat source of about 150 ° C. or more is required to separate the refrigerant from the rare solution, the temperature of the rare solution output from the absorber 20 is about 37 ° C. Thus, in order to heat the temperature of the rare solution to the high temperature, the first heat exchanger 30 preheats the rare solution to a predetermined temperature. The heat source of the first heat exchanger 30 for preheating the low temperature rare solution is preferably obtained in the refrigerator, and in the present invention, the high temperature heat exchanger 32 for reusing heat generated in the high temperature regenerator 40 to be described later. And a low temperature heat exchanger 34 for reusing heat generated in the low temperature regenerator 50.

The high temperature regenerator 40 heats the preheated rare solution to a temperature T ₁ of 150 ° C. or higher to generate high temperature refrigerant vapor. To this end, the high temperature regenerator 40 has a heating means (not shown) such as a burner. The high temperature refrigerant vapor generated by the heating means is transferred to the low temperature regenerator 50. Meanwhile, the high temperature regenerator 40 generates the high temperature refrigerant vapor and at the same time concentrates the rare solution to produce a medium solution of medium concentration. Since the heavy solution has a temperature of 150 ° C. or higher, the heat is circulated to the high temperature heat exchanger 32 to increase the low temperature rare solution temperature output from the absorber 20.

The low temperature regenerator 50 exchanges the refrigerant vapor of the high temperature T ₁ transferred from the high temperature regenerator 40 with the heavy solution from the high temperature heat exchanger 32 to generate a relatively low temperature T ₂ refrigerant.

In detail, the low temperature regenerator 50 receives the refrigerant vapor of about 150 ° C. from the high temperature regenerator 40 through a pipe (not shown). In addition, the low temperature regenerator 50 is output from the high temperature regenerator 40 and is supplied with a cooled intermediate solution of about 97 ° C. while passing through the high temperature heat exchanger 32. The heavy solution at about 97 ° C. is heated and concentrated by refrigerant vapor passing through a pipe, and the refrigerant vapor at about 150 ° C. drops to a temperature T ₂ of about 97 ° C. and condenses. Here, the condensation refrigerant at 97 ° C. is transferred to the second heat exchanger 60, and the heavy solution is heated and concentrated in the low temperature regenerator 50, and the low-temperature lean output from the absorber 20 in the low temperature heat exchanger 34. After heat exchange with the solution to lower the temperature, it is led to the absorber 20 via a concentrate pump (not shown). The concentrated liquid guided to the absorber 20 is changed into a rare solution while sucking the refrigerant vapor inside the absorber and circulating the inside of the absorption refrigerator in the flow as described above.

The second heat exchanger 60 cools the condensation refrigerant cooled to a predetermined temperature T ₂ via the low temperature regenerator 50 to the condensation saturation temperature T ₃ . In other words, the temperature T ₂ of the refrigerant vapor flowing into the second heat exchanger 60 is about 97 ° C., while the saturation temperature T ₃ of the condenser 80 is about 40 ° C. Therefore, since the heat energy of about 57 ° C. is lost when the condensed refrigerant cooled after heating the low temperature regenerator 50 is directly transferred to the condenser 80, the second heat exchanger 60 is used to reuse the heat energy. ) Is installed. In order to cool the condensation refrigerant at about 97 ° C., the second heat exchanger 60 has a cold solution tube (not shown) therein. The cold solution tube has a rare solution of about 37 ° C. output from the absorber 20. Supplied. By the rare solution, the condensation refrigerant of about 97 ° C. is cooled to about 40 ° C., which is the saturation temperature of the condenser 80.

The heat recovery means 70 generates a refrigerant vapor of the condensation saturation temperature (T ₃ ) from the relatively low temperature refrigerant vapor supplied from the low temperature regenerator (50). The refrigerant generated in the low temperature regenerator 50 is largely two kinds. First, the condensation refrigerant of about 97 ° C. cooled while exchanging 150 ° C. of the refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature regenerator 40 with the rare solution in the low temperature regenerator 50. The refrigerant vapor is reused in the second heat exchanger 60 described above. Second, the refrigerant vapor generated while the heavy solution supplied to the low temperature regenerator 50 is heated and concentrated by the refrigerant vapor transferred from the high temperature regenerator 40. The refrigerant vapor also has heat of about 97 ° C., and when it is supplied directly to the condenser 80, heat energy of about 57 ° C. is lost as described above.

4 is a view showing a heat recovery means 70 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to this, the heat recovery means 70 is a terminal 72 having a predetermined space for recovering the heat of the refrigerant vapor generated in the low temperature regenerator 50, and alternately disposed inside the terminal 72, the refrigerant vapor A heat pipe 76 is provided to which a lower temperature solution is supplied.

The terminal 72 is preferably installed between the low temperature regenerator 50 and the condenser 80, more preferably is installed inside the condenser 80 on the path through which the refrigerant vapor moves. A blocking membrane 74 is provided between the terminal 72 and the low temperature regenerator 50 so that the refrigerant vapor can move to the terminal, but the rare solution is not permeated and condensed in the low temperature regenerator 50.

 The heat pipes 76 are alternately arranged to increase the contact area with the high temperature refrigerant vapor inside the terminal 72. In addition, it is preferable that the heat transfer tube 76 uses a copper tube in the form of a 12 mm screw or a fin tube having a diameter smaller than that of a conventional 16 mm conduit so that the contact area and the refrigerant wettability increase even if the liquefied refrigerant falls down.

According to the present invention, since the high-temperature refrigerant vapor moved from the low temperature regenerator 50 is accommodated in the terminal 72, in order to recover the heat of the refrigerant vapor, the refrigerant vapor into the heat transfer pipe 76 is used. Low temperature solutions, such as low temperature solutions, must be introduced. However, if the low temperature solution temperature is too low, the temperature of the refrigerant vapor deprived of heat may be lower than the saturation temperature of the condenser 80. Therefore, the temperature of the solution for optimum thermal efficiency should be such that the temperature of the refrigerant vapor approaches the condenser saturation temperature even after heat exchange.

It is preferable to supply the low temperature rare solution output from the absorber 20 as said solution. In more detail, the temperature of the rare solution released from the absorber 20 is about 37 ° C. On the other hand, since the refrigerant vapor generated in the low temperature regenerator 50 is about 97 ° C., the refrigerant vapor may maintain about 40 ° C. or more, which is the saturation temperature of the condenser 80, even when heat exchanged with the rare solution.

The supply of the rare solution is made by connecting a passage branching a portion of the path transferred from the absorber 20 to the low temperature heat exchanger 34 with the heat transfer tube 76. This flow is shown by arrow A in FIG. Arrow (B) shows that the rare solution heated by the heat of the refrigerant vapor is recycled to the heat exchanger, and the rare solution in the terminal 72 is moved from the low temperature heat exchanger 34 to the high temperature heat exchanger 32. Will join.

The condenser 80 condenses the condensation refrigerant and the refrigerant vapor supplied from the second heat exchanger 60 and the heat recovery means 70. That is, the condensation refrigerant and the refrigerant vapor flowing into the condenser 80 has a temperature close to about 40 ℃, and is condensed into the refrigerant liquid while being cooled by the cooling water flowing through a cooling tube (not shown) installed inside the condenser. The temperature of the refrigerant liquid output from the condenser 80 is maintained at about 5 ~ 6 ℃, it is guided to the evaporator 10 by the refrigerant pipe (C).

Hereinafter, the operation of the heat recovery means 70 for reusing the heat of the refrigerant vapor generated in the low temperature regenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 and 4, the hot refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature regenerator 40 is transferred to the low temperature regenerator 50 to heat the heavy solution. In this process, the refrigerant vapor is separated from the heavy solution. The refrigerant vapor is moved to a terminal 72 provided in the condenser 80, and cooled while being heat-exchanged with a low temperature rare solution flowing through the heat transfer tube 76 provided in the terminal.

The rare solution whose temperature rises due to the heat exchange is combined with the rare solution output from the first heat exchanger 30, and is heated and concentrated to a predetermined temperature while being moved to the high temperature regenerator 40 to restore the original refrigerant absorption function.

In addition, the refrigerant vapor exchanged with the low temperature rare solution is circulated while being transferred to the condenser 80 and then transferred to the evaporation chamber.

Although the present invention has been described by a series cycle, it is not limited thereto, and may be applied to all cycles, such as parallel cycles, mixed cycles, and reverse cycles.

As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated by the limited embodiment and drawing, this invention is not limited by this and is within the equal range of a common technical idea in the technical field to which this invention belongs, and a claim to be described below. Of course, various modifications and variations are possible.

According to the absorption chiller of the present invention, in order to recover the heat energy of the refrigerant vapor generated in the low temperature regenerator which has been discarded without being reused in the related art, a heat recovery means for recovering the high temperature refrigerant vapor is provided, and it is relatively higher than the refrigerant vapor. By heat-exchanging with a solution having a low temperature, the energy in the freezer was more effectively recovered. Therefore, the efficiency is increased compared to the conventional absorption chiller can reduce the running cost.

The following drawings attached to this specification are illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and together with the detailed description of the invention to serve to further understand the technical spirit of the present invention, the present invention is a matter described in such drawings It should not be construed as limited to.

1 is a schematic view showing an absorption chiller according to the prior art.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a waste heat exchange system using the heat of the steam generated in the high temperature regenerator of the absorption chiller according to the prior art.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing a system for the heat recovery of the steam generated in the low temperature regenerator of the absorption chiller according to the present invention.

4 is a schematic view showing a heat recovery means according to the present invention.

<Brief description of the main references in the drawings>

10. Evaporator 20. Absorber 30. First heat exchanger

32. High temperature heat exchanger 34. Low temperature heat exchanger 40. High temperature regenerator

50. Low temperature regenerator 60. Second heat exchanger 70. Heat recovery means

72. Terminal 74. Blocking 76. Heat pipe

80..Condenser

A, B..Route solution route between heat recovery means and heat exchanger

C. Solvent migration path between condenser and evaporator

Claims (7)

An evaporator which evaporates the refrigerant liquid to generate refrigerant vapor; An absorber for absorbing the evaporated refrigerant vapor to produce a relatively low temperature rare solution; A first heat exchanger for preheating the relatively low temperature rare solution flowing out of the absorber; A high temperature regenerator for heating the preheated rare solution to a predetermined temperature (T ₁ ) to generate a heavy solution and a high temperature refrigerant vapor; A low temperature regenerator for evaporating relatively low temperature T ₂ refrigerant vapor from a heavy solution circulated through the first heat exchanger using the high temperature T ₁ refrigerant steam as a heat source; A second heat exchanger for cooling the condensation refrigerant used as the heat source cooled to a predetermined temperature (T ₂ ) through the low temperature regenerator with a refrigerant vapor having a condensation saturation temperature (T ₃ ); Heat recovery means for generating refrigerant vapor at a condensation saturation temperature (T ₃ ) from the relatively low temperature refrigerant vapor supplied from the low temperature regenerator; And A condenser for condensing the condensation refrigerant and the refrigerant vapor supplied from said heat recovery means and a low temperature regenerator; Absorption refrigerator characterized in that the temperature of the refrigerant steam satisfies the relationship of T ₁ ≥ T ₂ ≥ T ₃ . The method of claim 1, The heat recovery means is installed between the low temperature regenerator and the condenser, the absorption chiller characterized in that it comprises a terminal for receiving the refrigerant steam, and a heat transfer tube disposed inside the terminal and supplied with a lower temperature than the refrigerant vapor. The method of claim 2, The heat transfer pipe is an absorption chiller, characterized in that arranged alternately to widen the contact area with the refrigerant vapor. The method of claim 2, The heat transfer tube is an absorption chiller, characterized in that the rare solution supplied from the absorber is introduced. The method of claim 1, The first heat exchanger is an absorption chiller, characterized in that consisting of a low temperature heat exchanger and a high temperature heat exchanger. The method of claim 5, wherein And a heavy solution heated to a predetermined temperature (T ₂ ) through the low temperature regenerator as a heat source of the low temperature heat exchanger. The method of claim 1, Absorption chiller, characterized in that the high temperature (T ₁ ) produced by the high temperature regenerator is used as a heat source of the high temperature heat exchanger.