KR100495927B1 - Method for manufacturing fuel oil from recycled synthetic resin - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing fuel oil from waste synthetic resin, and according to the present invention, a raw material input step (S10) for injecting the waste synthetic resin into the first heating device (100, 101); A melting and heating step (S20) of melting the waste synthetic resin introduced together with the catalyst in the first heating device (100, 101) and the second heating device (106), and then continuing heating and gasifying until pyrolysis occurs; A distillation step (S30) of distilling the generated gas fraction using a distillation column (109); It consists of a cooling step (S40) for cooling and liquefying the semi-finished gas separated by the distillation column (109) to be sent to the storage tanks (117, 118, 119) for storage, the first in the melting and heating step (S20) In the first heating apparatus (100, 101), the molten waste synthetic resin is heated at a constant heating rate up to a predetermined temperature, and the gas generated by heating the first heating apparatus (100, 101) is condenser (103). After being cooled and liquefied to be temporarily stored in the temporary storage tank 104, the oil stored in the temporary storage 104 is supplied to the second heating unit 106 by a predetermined amount and heated to a constant heating temperature. There is provided a fuel oil production method using waste synthetic resin, characterized in that gasification by causing pyrolysis.

Description

Method for manufacturing fuel oil from recycled synthetic resin

The present invention relates to a method for producing fuel oil from waste synthetic resin, and more particularly, to a method for producing light oil and heavy oil from waste vinyl or waste plastic.

Korea's interest and legal response to the plastic waste that began to occur with the rapid industrial development in the 70s and 80s was started by the Korea Resource Recycling Corporation in 1980 under the enactment of the Synthetic Resin Waste Treatment Business Act in 1979. Since its founding, at the end of 1992, the enactment of the Act on Resource Conservation and Recycling Promotion and the Prime Minister's Act of 1993 are aiming to reduce the generation of waste plastics under the Act on Standards on the Packaging Methods and Materials of Packaging Materials. .

According to the statistics of 'National Waste Generation and Disposal (Ministry of Environment, 1997)', in 1996, 88.1% of total waste plastics were landfilled and incinerated at 10.6%, and only 1.4% were recycled. It is still insignificant.

Conventional recycling methods for waste plastics include melt regeneration, dissolution regeneration, crush regeneration, solid fuelization, pyrolysis, incineration, and the like.

Melt regeneration is a process in which a single or mixed plastic waste is heated above the melting point (110-150 ° C.) to melt and then cooled or compressed to produce regenerated products (solid products). Depending on the molding method, it is divided into extrusion process and compression process. The dissolution regeneration method dissolves thermoplastic plastics using a solvent such as waste oil, and then adds an adhesive and press-moulds sand, clay, etc. as a filler to produce a building material. Some recycled products are used for pavement. The shredding recycling method is to crush waste plastic and use it as land improvement material, landfill material, lightweight aggregate, asphalt aggregate, fuel, and the like. In the solid fuelization method, rice hulls, sawdust, and the like are mixed with a polyolefin waste synthetic resin and pressurized by an extruder to solidify the fuel. Pyrolysis is the conversion of waste plastics to gases, oils, etc. by heating them with air blocked. Incineration is to recover the calories of waste plastic using various incineration methods.

Today, environmental pollution caused by waste plastics is becoming increasingly serious, and these waste plastics harm the surrounding natural scenery, are difficult to decompose in the natural world, are scattered along the wind, float on the surface of water, and are secondary pollutants when incinerated. (Hydrogen chloride, dioxin, etc.) there was a problem causing.

As a result, in some countries, as a part of regulations related to waste plastics, regulations on overuse of plastic packaging materials, imposition of environmental pollution charges and deposits, and restrictions on the use of disposable packaging materials cannot be reduced. We are trying to recycle waste plastics.

In addition, at the present time when the development of new energy that can replace the limited petroleum resources is required, it is possible to prevent the environmental pollution caused by the waste vinyl and plastic that has been disposed of in the past and to obtain energy from the waste synthetic resin so as to obtain energy. Through the process, a method for producing fuel oil has been devised.

The basic principle of extracting fuel oil from these waste synthetic resins is as follows.

That is, the raw material of the synthetic resin is petroleum, and various fuel oils used as fuels are also extracted from petroleum. In the case of waste synthetic resin, it is composed of a polymer having a large molecular weight, and its composition is composed of carbon and hydrogen, and in the case of various fuel oils, its molecular weight is relatively small and its composition is also composed of carbon and hydrogen.

Therefore, both have a common point in that their composition consists of carbon and hydrogen, and the waste synthetic resin has a difference in that the molecular weight of the fuel oil is large and the molecular weight of the fuel oil is smaller.

After all, the waste synthetic resin can be converted into fuel oil by changing the composition of the molecular weight. As a theoretical basis, the waste synthetic resin raw material can be seen as solid petroleum having a very high molecular weight. It is possible to convert the euro.

The longer the link between the atoms of a hydrocarbon at a constant temperature, the easier the link between carbon and carbon, carbon and hydrogen atoms, and the shorter the carbon atom link, the easier it is. This shorter connection chain requires higher temperatures.

Because plastics are hydrocarbons of 1,000 to 10,000 carbon link chains, that is, hydrocarbons with very long carbon link chains, the carbon atom link chains are broken to a constant size during melting, and 380 to 430 The fuel oil is produced by applying the heat of ℃.

However, according to the conventional fuel oil production method using waste synthetic resin, there is a problem that the yield of light oil produced by producing a large amount of gasoline during thermal decomposition of the waste synthetic resin is low.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been invented to solve the problems as described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a secondary pyrolysis while maintaining a constant heating rate in a first heating device for thermally melting and thermally decomposing waste synthetic resin. 2 by maintaining a constant heating temperature in the heating device, to provide a fuel oil manufacturing method using a waste synthetic resin to be able to produce a high yield of products without generating gasoline at all.

According to the present invention for achieving the above object, a raw material input step of injecting the waste synthetic resin into the first heating device; A melting and heating step of heating and melting the waste synthetic resin introduced together with the catalyst in the first heating device and the second heating device by a burner, and then continuously heating and gasifying until pyrolysis occurs; A distillation step of distilling the gas fraction generated in the melting and heating step using a distillation column; The semi-finished gas separated by the distillation column in the distillation step is cooled and liquefied using a condenser and a cooler to be sent to the storage tank for storage, wherein the melting and heating in the first heating device in the first heating device While heating the waste synthetic resin to a predetermined temperature at a constant heating rate, the gas generated by heating by the first heating apparatus is sent to a condenser, cooled and liquefied, and then temporarily stored in a temporary storage tank. There is provided a method for producing fuel oil using waste synthetic resin, wherein the stored oil is supplied to the second heating unit by a predetermined amount and heated at a constant heating temperature to cause secondary pyrolysis and gasification.

Here, in the first heating device, the molten waste synthetic resin is constantly heated at a rate of 4.5 to 5.5 ° C./min, ranging from 440 to 460 ° C., and the liquefied oil in the condenser is maintained at a temperature of at least 50 ° C. or more. At the same time it is maintained at a temperature of at least 50 ℃ even while temporarily stored in the temporary storage tank, the second heating device by heating the oil supplied from the temporary storage tank to maintain a constant temperature of 440 ~ 460 ℃ 2 It is desirable to gasify the oil by causing differential pyrolysis.

In addition, the cooling step includes an absorption step of treating the uncondensed gas sent from the condenser to the temporary storage tank as water injected by the circulation pump in the absorption tower, and a gas not absorbed by the absorption step. Adsorption step of adsorption by activated carbon in the adsorption tower, and the separation step of separating the water mixed with the oil in the distillation process using the gravity difference due to the moisture contained in the raw material itself.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the fuel oil production method using waste synthetic resin according to the present invention.

1 is a block diagram of a manufacturing method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic configuration of a manufacturing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

First, the raw material input process (S10) stores the waste synthetic resin raw material supplied from a collection point such as a resource recycling work for collecting waste synthetic resins such as waste vinyl (PE, PP) or styrofoam generated in a rural plastic house. Carrying from to measure the weight for each batch and then put into the first heating device (100, 101).

In the melting and heating step (S20), first, in order to reduce the volume of the raw material using the first heating apparatuses 100 and 101, the waste synthetic resin is first heated to about 200 ° C. and melted by a predetermined batch amount. At this time, a predetermined amount of catalyst is added.

In the first heating apparatus (100, 101), the waste synthetic resin introduced with the catalyst is heated and melted by a burner, and then continuously heated and gasified until pyrolysis is performed.

At this time, the most important residence time is heated to a constant heating rate from 430 to 460 ° C. at a rate of 4.5 to 5.5 ° C./min for hard emulsification. Preferably it is heated at a constant rate up to 450 ° C. at a rate of 5 ° C./min. By maintaining the heating rate constant in this manner, the production of gasoline fractions can be suppressed, and pyrolysis is carried out at a ratio of light oil 70% and heavy oil 30%. It is preferable that the said 1st heating apparatus uses two apparatuses alternately.

The gas generated by heating by the first heating apparatus (100, 101) is sent to the condenser (103), where it is cooled and liquefied, the cooling temperature must be maintained at least 50 ℃. When the cooling temperature is lowered below 50 ℃ the condenser 103 is clogged while the liquid is converted into a solid form by the produced heavy oil.

The oil generated by liquefaction in the condenser 103 is temporarily stored in the temporary storage tank 104, the temporary storage tank 104 serves to control the discharge of the steam so as not to be reduced or pressurized by maintaining the process pressure at normal pressure Do it. As in the condenser 103, the temporary storage tank 104 must also maintain the internal temperature of 50 ℃ or more, for this purpose, the condenser and the temporary storage tank is equipped with a thermostat (not shown) such as a steam heater.

The oil stored in the temporary storage tank 104 is supplied by the transport pump 105 to the second heating device 106 by a predetermined amount. In the second heating device 106, the oil supplied from the temporary storage tank 104 is heated to a constant temperature of 440 to 460 ° C, preferably 450 ° C by using a burner to cause secondary pyrolysis to gasify the oil. .

Solid waste generated in the melting and heating process (S20) is sold or incinerated as a carbonized carbon residue.

In the distillation step (S30), the gas fraction generated by the second heating device 106 is distilled using the distillation column 109. The distillation column 109 has a sieve tray installed therein, such that the upper temperature of the distillation column 109 is approximately 150 ° C., and the lower temperature is approximately 380 ° C. such that the temperature distribution is achieved.

In the cooling step S40, the semi-finished gas separated by the distillation column 109 is cooled to about 40 ° C. using a cooling water in the cooler 113 to be liquefied, and then sent to the light oil storage tank 117 for storage.

The uncondensed gas separated from the top of the column is sent to the condenser 110, cooled and liquefied by the cooling water in the condenser 110, and sent to the temporary storage tank 111. The liquefied oil (approximately 60 ° C.) in the temporary storage tank 111 is refluxed to the distillation column 109 by the transport pump 112, thereby controlling the top temperature of the distillation column and simultaneously removing a certain amount of product. do.

In the absorption step (S41), the uncondensed gas in the temporary storage tank 111 is first treated to absorb the gas as water injected by the circulation pump 115 in the absorption tower 114.

In the adsorption step (S42), gas not absorbed by the absorption step (S42) is adsorbed by activated carbon in the adsorption tower 116. According to the present invention, in fact, non-condensed gas, that is, gasoline-grade oil and gas oil, is not produced, but only the smell of resin is generated and it is removed.

In addition, in the separating step (S43), due to the moisture contained in the raw material itself, a very small amount of water is mixed with the oil during the distillation process to separate the water using a gravity difference.

Meanwhile, heavy oil is concentrated in the second heating device 106. The concentrated heavy oil is sent to the heavy oil storage tank 119 through the cooler 108 by the transport pump 107, stored, and then shipped. In the cooler 108, the oil content transported by the transport pump 107 is cooled to about 60 ° C. using cooling water and then sent to the storage tank 119.

Unexplained reference numeral 118 is a light oil reservoir and stores the manufactured light or heavy oil like the other reservoirs 117 and 119. Stored light or heavy oil is shipped using tank lorry.

As described above, according to the present invention, the heating rate is constant in the first heating apparatus for heat melting and thermally dissolving the waste synthetic resin, and the heating temperature is kept constant in the second heating apparatus causing secondary pyrolysis. The present invention provides a method for producing fuel oil using waste synthetic resin, which enables the production of a high yield product without generating gasoline. This results in the generation of uncondensed gases such as gasoline oils and gas oils.

1 is a block diagram of a manufacturing method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

100, 101: first heating device 103, 110: condenser

104, 111: temporary storage tank 105, 107, 112: transport pump

106: second heating device 108, 113: cooler

109: distillation column 114: absorption tower

115: circulation pump 116 adsorption tower

117, 118, 119: reservoir

Claims (3)

A raw material input step (S10) for introducing the waste synthetic resin into the first heating apparatus (100, 101); Melting and heating step of heating and melting the waste synthetic resin introduced together with the catalyst in the first heating device (100, 101) and the second heating device (106) by means of a burner and then heating and gasifying until pyrolysis is performed ( S20); A distillation step (S30) of distilling the gas fraction generated in the melting and heating step (S20) using a distillation tower (109); Cooling step of cooling and liquefying the semi-finished gas separated by the distillation column 109 in the distillation step (S30) using the condenser 110 and the cooler 113 to send to the storage tank (117, 118, 119). (S40), In the first heating apparatus (100, 101) in the melting and heating step (S20), the molten waste synthetic resin is heated at a constant heating rate up to the thermal decomposition temperature, and at the same time the first heating apparatus (100, 101) Gas generated by heating is sent to the condenser 103, cooled and liquefied, and then temporarily stored in the temporary reservoir 104, The second heating device 106 in the melting and heating step (S20) by supplying a predetermined amount of the oil stored in the temporary storage tank 104 by a certain amount of heating to a constant heating temperature to cause the secondary pyrolysis and gasification Fuel oil production method using waste synthetic resin. The method of claim 1, In the first heating device (100, 101) is heated at a rate of 4.5 ~ 5.5 ℃ / min constant molten waste synthetic resin up to 440 ~ 460 ℃, The oil liquefied in the condenser 103 is maintained at a temperature of at least 50 ° C. or higher while being temporarily stored in the temporary storage tank 104 at the same time. The second heating device (106) is a waste synthetic resin, characterized in that to gasify the oil by causing secondary pyrolysis by heating the oil supplied from the temporary storage tank 104 to maintain a constant temperature of 440 ~ 460 ℃ Fuel oil production method using. The method of claim 1, wherein the cooling step (S40), Absorption process (S41) for processing to absorb the non-condensed gas sent from the condenser 110 to the temporary storage tank 111 as water injected by the circulation pump 115 in the absorption tower 114, and Adsorption step (S42) for adsorbing the gas not absorbed by the absorption step (S42) by the activated carbon in the adsorption tower 116, A method for producing fuel oil using waste synthetic resin, comprising a separation step (S43) of separating water mixed with oil in a distillation process using gravity difference due to moisture contained in the raw material itself.