KR100446091B1 - sinter brick in contained copper slag - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention uses copper slag, which is a by-product of copper smelting industry, by mixing with existing building material raw materials to reduce weight, shorten drying time, and prevent slipping of products. And calcined bricks suitable for having low production costs.

Accordingly, the copper slag is characterized in that at least one of clay and shale is composed of 90 to 65% by weight of copper slag having a particle size of 0.1 to 2.5mm and 10 to 35% by weight of copper slag. ) Is a technique relating to a fired brick containing.

Description

Sinter brick in contained copper slag

The present invention relates to a brick using copper slag produced by-product in the copper smelting industry, and more specifically, copper slag to clay and silica sand used as raw materials of existing building materials. The present invention relates to a fired brick containing copper slag suitable for weight reduction, shortening drying time, preventing slippage of a product, and having a low manufacturing cost by mixing with a conventional brick.

Building clay products are ceramic units used as building materials and materials of buildings and structures, and are made of clay or shale. Such products include various types of fired bricks such as common brick, building brick, facing brick, ceramic tile, fire brick, paving brick, hollow brick, etc. There is this.

In the production of calcined bricks, the calcining temperature is changed according to the type of soil, and thus, the strength and absorption of the product are directly affected.

The production process of the fired brick is largely tunnel type and Hoffman. Currently, the tunnel type which has high productivity is mainly used. Figure 1 shows a conventional process of producing bricks, mixing raw materials such as clay, silica sand, dry grinding, kneading by adding water, injection molding to a certain size, dried and then fired at a temperature of 1,000 ~ 1,300 ℃ Brick to be obtained is obtained. There are several types of bricks through the production process.

Retentive brick (midashi) is a kiln type production method, and it is calcined at 900 ~ 1,000 ℃, and is generally fired at a lower temperature than other products, so its strength is lower than that of reduced or natural type, and it is weak to weathering action. After 3 years, the strength is weakened and the surface is crumbly. In addition, the high absorption rate, the bleaching rate is more than 80%, and may cause freezing and warping in winter. Such bricks are apartment-decorated bricks, which were previously used as pronouns for red bricks for exterior walls and fences, but their demand is decreasing.

The reduced red brick is manufactured by the tunnel production method, and the firing temperature is performed at 1,000 to 1,300 ° C. Since it is molded at a relatively high temperature, the compressive strength is the highest among red bricks currently produced. In addition, there is a natural feeling, elegance, and gravity, and it is a product that takes only the advantages of clean bricks and natural stone red bricks. Such bricks are currently used as apartment bricks for exterior walls and fences, and because they are bent and palletized during field work, there is no loss rate and they are easy to move and transport.

Natural red brick takes the process of producing in a conventional Hoffman kiln, and firing temperature is performed at 1,000-1,200 degreeC. The natural color and strength are excellent, and there is an advantage in that it can produce various atmospheres according to the joint, but it is impossible to produce at a temperature below 0 ℃ because it is produced by conventional methods.

Since reduced gold is produced at a firing temperature of 1,150 ° C, it is superior to solid bricks, but its strength is slightly lower for items that employ reduced firing methods. This is because the formulation of the masa component uses less fine soil than the general reduced red brick. This method is produced in a modern tunnel kiln, and all production lines are automated except for sorting, so the productivity is excellent. Compared with the firing temperature, the absorption rate is high and the strength is lowered.

As described above, there are four methods of manufacturing a fired brick, and the quality and specifications of the production are currently prescribed in KSL4201.

The materials used above are mostly used in the form of powder clay and shale, and some of them are recycled waste materials such as waste gypsum, slaked lime, waste tile, cullet, waste stone, waste concrete, waste foundry sand, waste asphalt, waste cast steel, steel There are bricks using slag, but the use of the waste material itself is uneven and the quality is not uniform during the manufacture of fired bricks. Not big

On the other hand, tiles made of slag, that is, blast furnace slag generated from the blast furnace of the waste industry (Republic of Korea Patent Publication, 1987-5927), fireproof insulation Although bricks (Korean Patent Publication No. 1988-2431) and the like are known, these raw materials generally contain substances that are harmful to the human body, and thus are not considered to be environmentally stable and also utilize slag generated from copper smelting which the present inventors seek to pursue. There is no example at all.

The present invention in the manufacture of bricks based on the raw material such as clay, shale, etc. In the manufacture of bricks incorporating copper slag (Copper Slag) which is incidentally generated in copper smelting, and the existing brick products It is an object of the present invention to provide clean bricks having the same physical properties as well as low-cost manufacturing costs according to the recycling of waste resources generated as industrial by-products.

1 is a conventional brick manufacturing process diagram

Figure 2 is a state diagram of a brick forming a hollow portion

The present invention for achieving the above object is 90 to 65% by weight of one or more of the main raw materials, such as clay, shale (頁巖), etc., the copper slag (Copper Slag) having a particle size of 25mm or less in the raw material 10 It consists of the calcined brick mixed with -35 weight%.

In preparing the fired brick, 10 to 35 wt% of copper slag having a particle size of 25 mm or less, preferably 0.1 to 2.5 mm is mixed with the main raw material, and water is added thereto to form a predetermined shape. After drying, it can be produced by firing at a temperature of 900 ~ 1,300 ℃.

Copper slag currently available in Korea can be copper slag aggregate produced by continuous smelting method and flash smelting method according to copper manufacturing method. When it is generated as a by-product, it can be classified into various particle sizes, but since there is no separate particle size separation process, it may adversely affect productivity and quality if the slag is used as it is, and the particle size distribution of the present invention is cracked in the product. It is to play a role to remove this is to apply it to the production of plastic bricks.

The two slags have the same point of being an industrial by-product produced in the process of smelting copper, but the granularity and physical properties of the slag are slightly different. Therefore, the physical properties of aggregate should be understood and used in manufacturing before using it as a mixture for clay brick. Table 1 shows the physical properties of copper smelting slag.

TABLE 1

Test Details Copper slag Natural aggregate For free In a row Unit weight (kg / m ³ ) 2,400 2,238 1,816 Porosity (%) 33.5 40 % Of performance 66.5 60 63.6 importance Absolute Dry Weight 3.74 3.40 2.59 Surface dry weight 3.81 3.46 Absorption rate (%) 0.52 0.2 0.9 Clay mass (%) 0.6 0.1 No.200 sieve passage (%) 0.4 0.3 Assembly rate 3.4 3.51 2.62 Aggregate Stability (loss weight%) 7.1 1.2

Since clay bricks are used outdoors, especially for fences, they can be said to have a very high potential for eluting harmful substances from rain. Therefore, in order to confirm the possibility of secondary environmental pollution according to the use of copper slag, the slag itself was checked for the dissolution of heavy metals harmful to the human body.

As a result of the dissolution test on copper smelting slag, the pollutant content was shown in (Table 2). In Table 2, the acceptance criteria are the waste classification criteria set out in Article 2 of the Enforcement Rule of the Waste Management Act.

According to the dissolution test results of Table 2, copper smelting slag showed 0.39 mg / l of copper (Cu) and was not detected in the remaining items. Therefore, smelting copper was found to be below the standard for all harmful items and was found to be environmentally stable.

As a result of dissolution test by waste process test method, there was no elution of As, Hg, Cr, CN, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, organophosphorus, etc. Trace amounts were detected, but significantly lower than the acceptance criteria.

TABLE 2 (unit: ppm)

Regulated Substance unit Acceptance criteria (less than) Copper Slag Continuous Copper Smelting Private Furnace Pb mg / ℓ 3.0 0.08 0.09 Cu mg / ℓ 3.0 0.40 0.68 As mg / ℓ 1.5 ND ND Hg mg / ℓ 0.005 ND ND CD mg / ℓ 0.3 0.01 ND Cr mg / ℓ 1.5 ND ND CN mg / ℓ 1.0 ND ND Trichloroethylene mg / ℓ Tr ND ND Tetrachloroethylene mg / ℓ Tr ND ND Organic P mg / ℓ 1.0 ND ND

Note) Tr: 0.03 or less, ND: Not detected

The EP Toxicity Test (Methods 1310), conducted in the United States for environmental hazard assessment, was conducted to evaluate potential leaching potential of solidified waste and to determine whether it is a hazardous waste.

As a result of dissolution test by US EPT method for copper smelting slag (Table 3), Hg, Cd, Cr, etc. among Pb, Ag, As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Se, Ba, etc. Was not detected at all, and Ag and Se were found to be almost as low as 0.03 ppm or less.

[Table 3] (Unit: ppm)

Regulated Substance Acceptance criteria (less than) Copper smelting slag Pb 5.0 0.1 Ag 5.0 Tr As 5.0 0.01 Hg 0.2 ND CD 1.0 ND Cr 5.0 ND Se 1.0 Tr Ba 100 0.053

After reviewing the basic physical properties and hazards of copper smelting slag as described above, and confirming the possibility of use, the production of calcined bricks incorporating copper smelting slag as described above in raw materials such as clay and shale is It can be applied to all methods, and the brick can be manufactured by adopting the production method of reduced red brick, which is the most stable and widely used.

The present invention by mixing 10 to 35% by weight of copper smelting slag to the raw materials such as clay, shale and the like through the same manufacturing method as conventional Figure 1 dry grinding, coma (kneading) after kneading and molding in a certain form as shown in FIG. And dried and calcined at 900 to 1,300 ° C.

Although the present invention has been exemplified as in FIG. 1 of the existing processes, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention can be applied if the firing process is included even if the means before and after the firing process is different from FIG. 1. Therefore, it can of course be applied to other conventional processes.

As an example of the form using copper slag, the plastic brick molded as shown in FIG. 2 can shorten the drying time after injection molding as compared to the general plastic brick, because the copper slag plays a role of breathing in the brick. The drying time can be shortened.

That is, forming the hollow portion as shown in Figure 2, but also the cause of the material saving, design, etc. The most important reason is to evenly dry after injection molding as a whole and to shorten the drying time. When copper slag is mixed, this air circulation is accelerated to shorten the drying time and to dry evenly to maintain a rectangular shape of the product.

In addition, the surface of the brick product according to the incorporation of copper smelting slag can be seen that unlike the conventional brick.

Table 4 shows the physical properties according to the present invention prepared as described above.

TABLE 4

Compressive strength (N / mm ² ) Absorption rate (%) importance KSL 4201 20.59 15 or less KSL 8520 8 15 or less Copper slag content (% by weight) 5 41.70 10.8 1.53 15 40.50 12.0 1.65 30 38.95 13.6 1.74

As described above, the present invention manufactures a brick in which copper slag, which is incidentally generated in copper smelting, is mixed with a raw material mainly composed of clay, shale, and the like, and has the same physical properties as those of existing brick products. In addition to this, clean bricks are obtained with low manufacturing costs due to the recycling of waste resources generated as industrial by-products.

Claims (4)

At least one of clay and shale contains copper slag, characterized in that 10 to 35% by weight of copper slag having a particle size of 90 to 65% by weight and 0.1 to 2.5mm is formed. Plastic brick. delete The method of claim 1, Plastic slag containing copper slag, characterized in that the slag generated by the continuous smelting method or self-smelting method delete