CN116217195A - Solid waste-based wet spraying concrete and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Solid waste-based wet spraying concrete and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116217195A
CN116217195A CN202211740274.5A CN202211740274A CN116217195A CN 116217195 A CN116217195 A CN 116217195A CN 202211740274 A CN202211740274 A CN 202211740274A CN 116217195 A CN116217195 A CN 116217195A
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percent
solid waste
mass
water
slag
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Inventor
张思奇
吴泽平
李克庆
韩斌
倪文
赵彤
陈翔
刘宇航
关东尚
包精泽
王佳佳
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
    • C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength

Abstract

The invention discloses solid waste base wet spraying concrete and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of building materials. The solid waste base wet spraying concrete comprises the following components: 15-20% of cementing material, 60-80% of aggregate, 0.2-0.5% of water reducer and the balance of water. The cementing material comprises, by mass, 100% of cementing material, 30% -60% of water quenched blast furnace slag, 20% -50% of steel slag and 10% -20% of desulfurized gypsum; the aggregate comprises 60% of copper smelting slag and 40% of waste stone by taking the mass of the aggregate as 100%. The method comprises the following steps: s1, mixing a cementing material and water in a mass ratio of 10 (6-7) to obtain a slurry mixture; and S2, uniformly mixing and stirring the aggregate, the water reducer and the slurry, then filling the mixture into a mold, and performing vibration molding to obtain the solid waste base wet spraying concrete. The invention can be applied to mine roadway engineering support and building application materials.

Description

Solid waste-based wet spraying concrete and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and relates to solid waste base wet spraying concrete, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The sprayed concrete is prepared by spraying the mixed materials of cement, sand, stone, accelerator and the like on the surface of surrounding rock directly through a sprayer, and tightly combining the mixed materials with the surrounding rock to form a concrete supporting surface, so that the aim of stabilizing the surrounding rock is fulfilled. The wet spraying concrete technology is applied to roadway engineering support of underground mines due to the advantages of low rebound, strong adaptability to temperature, supporting effect and the like. The traditional wet spraying concrete is mainly prepared by taking cement as a cementing agent and natural sand as aggregate. At present, the price of raw cement is increased year by year, and a large amount of energy is consumed in the production process of 'two grinding and one burning', and a large amount of CO is discharged 2 . And under the large background of increasing discharge of large solid wastes, the problems of copper smelting slag and various metallurgical slag treatment are to be solved.
Copper smelting slag and industrial metallurgical slag are typical solid wastes, are discharged in a large amount, occupy a space, cause heavy metal pollution to lands and water resources under the action of rain and weathering, and finally endanger biological health. And the harmless treatment cost is high. Copper smelting slag is used for aggregate, and industrial metallurgical slag is used for preparing solid waste base cementing material to replace cement for preparing wet spraying concrete, so that the copper smelting slag is applied to underground wet spraying, sand and stone are not only prevented from being used as aggregate, the industrial solid waste is turned into wealth and used for underground support, the solid waste utilization rate is improved, the production raw material cost of the wet spraying concrete is reduced, and great economic benefit, environmental protection benefit and social benefit can be generated. And along with the gradual strictness of future environmental protection policies, the future open-pit mining sand and stone is forbidden, and wet-jet supporting is carried out by adopting copper smelting slag as aggregate, so that the method is also a prospective research of non-raining silk and muzzle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the preparation of cement in the prior art has high manufacturing cost, large energy consumption and CO 2 The problem of large discharge amount, and the problem of high harmless treatment cost of typical solid wastes such as copper smelting slag, industrial metallurgical slag and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the solid waste-based wet spraying concrete comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass, based on the mass of the solid waste-based wet spraying concrete as 100 percent: 15-20% of cementing material, 60-80% of aggregate, 0.2-0.5% of water reducer and the balance of water.
Preferably, the cementing material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass based on 100% of the cementing material: 30-60% of water quenched blast furnace slag, 20-50% of steel slag and 10-20% of desulfurized gypsum;
preferably, the aggregate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass, based on 100% of the mass of the aggregate: 60% of copper smelting slag and 40% of waste rock.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water reducing agent.
Preferably, the steel slag is taken from a steel mill, dried and ground for 2 hours by a small-sized experiment machine with the SM phi of 500 multiplied by 500mm to improve the gelation activity.
Preferably, the desulfurization gypsum is taken from wet desulfurization gypsum of a thermal power plant, and the main component is calcium sulfate dihydrate.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the water quenched blast furnace slag, steel slag and desulfurized gypsum refers to the content of various metal or mineral elements in terms of oxides, and does not refer to the content of compounds present as oxides in the water quenched blast furnace slag, steel slag and desulfurized gypsum. For example: caSO in desulfurized gypsum 4 According to CaO and SO 3 The mass percent of (C) represents the compound content.
The water quenching blast furnace slag comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass, wherein the mass of the water quenching blast furnace slag is 100 percent: 25% -30% of SiO 2 2% -3% of Fe 2 O 3 10 to 15 percent of Al 2 O 3 Na 0.5-1% 2 O, 5-10% MgO, 0.1-0.5% K 2 O, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Cl and 1 to 3 percent of SO 3 0.01 to 0.1 percent of P 2 O 5 0.5 to 1 percent of MnO and the balance of CaO;
the steel slag comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass based on 100% of the steel slag: 25% -30% of SiO 2 15-20% of Fe 2 O 3 5 to 10 percent of Al 2 O 3 Na of 0.1-0.5% 2 O, 5-10% MgO, 0.1-0.5% K 2 O, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of Cl and 0.1 to 1 percent of SO 3 1 to 2 percent of P 2 O 5 3 to 5 percent of MnO and the balance of CaO;
the desulfurized gypsum comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass based on 100% by mass of the desulfurized gypsum: 5 to 10 percent of SiO 2 0.5 to 1 percent of Fe 2 O 3 1 to 3 percent of Al 2 O 3 1 to 3 percent of MgO and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of K 2 O, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of Cl and 0.5 to 1 percent of SO 3 1 to 3 percent of P 2 O 5 3 to 5 percent of MnO and the balance of CaO.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the water quenched blast furnace slag ranges from 450 to 500m 2 Per kg, the specific surface area of the steel slag is 450-500 m 2 Per kg, the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum is 450-500 m 2 /kg. The specific surface area of the cementing material is increased through grinding, so that the hydration difficulty is reduced, and the uniformity of the material is improved.
Preferably, the copper smelting slag comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass, based on 100% by mass of the copper smelting slag: 25% -30% of SiO 2 3 to 5 percent of Al 2 O 3 3 to 5 percent of ZnO, 3 to 5 percent of CaO and 1 to 3 percent of Na 2 O, 1 to 3 percent of PbO and 1 to 3 percent of K 2 O, mgO 1-3%, as 0.5-1% 2 O 3 SO 0.5-1% 3 0.5 to 1 percent of CuO and the balance of Fe 2 O 3 ；
Preferably, the copper smelting slag refers to slag generated in an industrial copper smelting process, and is not limited in source or type.
Preferably, the water quenched blast furnace slag, steel slag, desulfurized gypsum, waste stone and copper smelting slag can be purchased commercially or made self-made as long as the chemical composition requirements are met.
Preferably, the copper smelting slag particle size distribution has a primary d10=1.18 um, d25=3.51 um, d90= 56.31um, with a median particle size d50=14.28 um.
The preparation method of the solid waste base wet spraying concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing a cementing material and water in a mass ratio of 10 (6-7) to obtain slurry;
and S2, uniformly mixing and stirring the aggregate, the water reducer and the slurry, then filling the mixture into a mold, and performing vibration molding to obtain the solid waste base wet spraying concrete.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the cementing material in the step S1 to the aggregate in the step S2 is (1-3): 4-7.
Preferably, the aggregate and the slurry are mixed and injected into a mold for vibration to prepare a solid waste base wet spraying concrete test block, and then the concrete test block is maintained under the following maintenance conditions: the film is covered and maintained at 22 ℃ and the relative humidity is 98%.
The solid waste-based wet spraying concrete is used for mine roadway engineering support and building application materials and is used for solidifying a solid waste-based system for heavy metals in the solid waste materials.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that at least: in the scheme, the invention provides a preparation technology of solid waste-based wet spraying concrete taking water quenched blast furnace slag, steel slag and desulfurized gypsum cementing material, copper smelting slag and mine exploitation waste stone as aggregate, which aims at optimizing and improving the raw material system of traditional cement for preparing wet spraying concrete to realize the recycling of solid waste. Can be used for underground mining support and building materials. The preparation method provided by the invention has high recycling rate on copper smelting slag, and recycles a series of solid waste materials such as water quenched blast furnace slag, steel slag, desulfurized gypsum, copper smelting slag, waste stone and the like. The invention uses water quenched blast furnace slag, steel slag, desulfurized gypsum and other industrial wastes to replace common silicate cement cementing materials, uses copper smelting slag as main aggregate to prepare solid waste-based wet spraying concrete, can realize the synergistic effect of the industrial wastes, and uses waste to treat waste.
The solid waste-based wet spraying concrete material changes the raw material composition of the traditional wet spraying concrete cementing material, recycles a series of solid waste materials such as water quenched blast furnace slag, steel slag, desulfurized gypsum, copper smelting slag, waste stone and the like, and has high safety and no heavy metal leaching risk.
The invention provides a method for solving the problems of copper smelting slag disposal, mine waste stone accumulation and the like at low cost by using a better raw material proportioning system of cement-free clinker solid waste base wet spraying concrete prepared by using solid waste materials instead of traditional cementing agent cement, using steel slag powder, water quenching blast furnace slag powder, desulfurized gypsum and the like to completely replace cement as solid waste base cementing materials and using copper smelting slag and mine mining waste stone as aggregate, thereby realizing indirect carbon reduction and metallurgical solid waste recycling, changing industrial solid waste into valuables, improving the utilization rate of the solid waste, reducing the cost of raw materials for wet spraying concrete production, and generating great economic benefit, environmental protection benefit and social benefit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present patent.
The preparation method of the solid waste base wet spraying concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing a cementing material and water according to a mass ratio of (6-7) to obtain slurry;
and S2, uniformly mixing and stirring the aggregate, the water reducer and the slurry, then filling the mixture into a mold, and performing vibration molding to obtain the solid waste base wet spraying concrete.
Further, the mass ratio of the cementing material in the step S1 to the aggregate in the step S2 is (1-3): (4-7).
Example 1
S1, respectively weighing the raw materials according to the following mass percentages, wherein the raw materials mainly comprise the following components:
cementing material: 40% of water quenched blast furnace slag, 40% of steel slag and 20% of desulfurized gypsum; aggregate: 60% of copper smelting slag and 40% of waste stone.
Wherein, the chemical compositions of the water quenched blast furnace slag, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum are shown in the table 1; the chemical compositions of the waste rock and copper smelting slag are shown in table 2.
Wherein the steel slag is required to be ground until the specific surface is 500m 2 The desulfurized gypsum is ground to 450m in proportion per kg 2 /kg。
S2, mixing and stirring the aggregate, the water reducer and the slurry uniformly, and then injecting the mixture into a 70mm multiplied by 70mm mould to prepare the solid waste base wet spraying concrete test block by vibration.
Wherein the mass ratio of the cementing material to the aggregate is 1:4, the mass ratio of the water to the cementing material is 3:5, and the content of the water reducer is 1.8% of the mass of the cementing material.
Example 2
S1, respectively weighing the raw materials according to the following mass percentages, wherein the raw materials mainly comprise the following components:
cementing material: 70% of water quenched blast furnace slag, 20% of steel slag and 10% of desulfurized gypsum; aggregate: 60% of copper smelting slag and 40% of waste stone.
Wherein, the chemical compositions of the water quenched blast furnace slag, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum are shown in the table 1; the chemical compositions of the waste rock and copper smelting slag are shown in table 2.
Wherein the steel slag is required to be ground until the specific surface is 500m 2 The desulfurized gypsum is ground to 450m in proportion per kg 2 /kg。
S2, mixing and stirring the aggregate, the water reducer and the slurry uniformly, and then injecting the mixture into a 70mm multiplied by 70mm mould to prepare the solid waste base wet spraying concrete test block by vibration.
Wherein the mass ratio of the cementing material to the aggregate is 1:4, the mass ratio of the water to the cementing material is 3:5, and the content of the water reducer is 1.8% of the mass of the cementing material.
Example 3
S1, respectively weighing the raw materials according to the following mass percentages, wherein the raw materials mainly comprise the following components:
cementing material: 60% of water quenched blast furnace slag, 30% of steel slag and 10% of desulfurized gypsum; aggregate: 60% of copper smelting slag and 40% of waste stone.
Wherein, the chemical compositions of the water quenched blast furnace slag, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum are shown in the table 1; the chemical compositions of the waste rock and copper smelting slag are shown in table 2.
Wherein the steel slag is required to be ground until the specific surface is 500m 2 The desulfurized gypsum is ground to 450m in proportion per kg 2 /kg。
S2, mixing and stirring the aggregate, the water reducer and the slurry uniformly, and then injecting the mixture into a 70mm multiplied by 70mm mould to prepare the solid waste base wet spraying concrete test block by vibration.
Wherein the mass ratio of the cementing material to the aggregate is 1:4, the mass ratio of the water to the cementing material is 3:5, and the content of the water reducer is 1.8% of the mass of the cementing material.
Example 4
S1, respectively weighing the raw materials according to the following mass percentages, wherein the raw materials mainly comprise the following components:
cementing material: 30% of water quenched blast furnace slag, 50% of steel slag and 20% of desulfurized gypsum; aggregate: 60% of copper smelting slag and 40% of waste stone.
Wherein, the chemical compositions of the water quenched blast furnace slag, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum are shown in the table 1; the chemical compositions of the waste rock and copper smelting slag are shown in table 2.
Wherein the steel slag is required to be ground until the specific surface is 500m 2 The desulfurized gypsum is ground to 450m in proportion per kg 2 /kg。
S2, mixing and stirring the aggregate, the water reducer and the slurry uniformly, and then injecting the mixture into a 70mm multiplied by 70mm mould to prepare the solid waste base wet spraying concrete test block by vibration.
Wherein the mass ratio of the cementing material to the aggregate is 1:4, the mass ratio of the water to the cementing material is 3:5, and the content of the water reducer is 1.8% of the mass of the cementing material.
Example 5
S1, respectively weighing the raw materials according to the following mass percentages, wherein the raw materials mainly comprise the following components:
cementing material: 38% of water quenched blast furnace slag, 38% of steel slag, 19% of desulfurized gypsum and 5% of refining slag; aggregate: 60% of copper smelting slag and 40% of waste stone.
Wherein, the chemical compositions of the water quenched blast furnace slag, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum are shown in the table 1; the chemical compositions of the waste rock and copper smelting slag are shown in table 2.
Wherein the steel slag is required to be ground until the specific surface is 500m 2 The desulfurized gypsum is ground to 450m in proportion per kg 2 /kg。
S2, mixing and stirring the aggregate, the water reducer and the slurry uniformly, and then injecting the mixture into a 70mm multiplied by 70mm mould to prepare the solid waste base wet spraying concrete test block by vibration.
Wherein the mass ratio of the cementing material to the aggregate is 1:4, the mass ratio of the water to the cementing material is 3:5, and the content of the water reducer is 1.8% of the mass of the cementing material.
Comparative example 1
The cement-based wet spraying concrete system mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
cementing material: 100% of cement; aggregate: 80% of copper smelting slag and 20% of waste stone.
The chemical compositions of the cement are shown in table 1, and the chemical compositions of the waste rock and copper smelting slag are shown in table 2.
Wherein the mass ratio of the cementing material to the aggregate is 1:4, the mass ratio of the water to the cementing material is 7:10, and the content of the water reducer is 1.0% of the mass of the cementing material.
Comparative example 2
The cement-based wet spraying concrete system mainly comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
cementing material: 100% of cement; aggregate: 80% of copper smelting slag and 20% of waste stone.
The chemical compositions of the cement are shown in table 1, and the chemical compositions of the waste rock and copper smelting slag are shown in table 2.
Wherein the mass ratio of the cementing material to the aggregate is 1:4, the mass ratio of the water to the cementing material is 7:10, and the content of the water reducer is 1.5% of the mass of the cementing material.
TABLE 1 analysis of chemical composition of raw materials for cementing materials
Figure SMS_1
Table 2 chemical composition full analysis results/wt% of aggregate raw material
Composition of the components SiO 2 CaO Fe 2 O 3 Al 2 O 3 Na 2 O MgO K 2 O Cl SO 3 P 2 O 5 MnO
Waste stone 48.15 7.88 11.57 8.55 0.88 19.35 1.27 0.24 0.35 0.18 0.18
Composition of the components SiO 2 CaO Fe 2 O 3 Al 2 O 3 Na 2 O MgO K 2 O Cl SO 3 P 2 O 5 ZnO
Copper slag 29.36 2.96 52.26 4.84 1.16 1.00 1.03 0.05 0.36 0.10 3.56
Composition of the components PbO SrO MnO Cr 2 O 3 CuO NiO BaO Rb 2 O As 2 O 3
Copper slag 1.21 0.02 0.08 0.06 0.32 0.03 0.06 0.01 0.67
The following tests were conducted on the solid waste-based wet sprayed concrete of examples 1 to 5, the cement-based wet sprayed concrete of comparative examples 1 and 2:
the raw materials are mixed with water, and then are subjected to working performance tests (including slurry slump and expansion degree tests) during pouring, and are subjected to leaching toxicity tests and compressive strength tests after being subjected to pouring molding and curing to different ages.
1) The working performance testing method comprises the following steps:
slump measurement is performed with reference to general concrete mixture Performance test method Standard GB/T50080-2002. The wet spraying concrete slurry is poured into a horn-shaped slump barrel with the upper opening diameter of 100mm, the lower opening diameter of 200mm and the height of 300mm, the poured concrete is filled for three times, a rammer is used for uniformly beating 25 downwards along the barrel wall from outside to inside after each filling, and after ramming, the concrete is smoothed. Then, the bucket was pulled up, the slump phenomenon was generated by the concrete by the dead weight, and the height of the highest point of the concrete after the slump was subtracted from the bucket height ((300 mm), which was called slump.
And (3) measuring the expansion degree of the concrete by referring to GB/T50080-2002 of the performance test method standard of common concrete mixtures. Firstly, according to the slump operation sequence, the slump measurement is completed, after the slump measurement is completed, the maximum diameter of the concrete is measured by using a steel tape or a ruler, and the data are recorded. Another diameter was then measured at right angles and the data recorded. The two sets of data were averaged. Repeating the above test three times, and obtaining the average value as the expansion degree of the concrete. The test results are shown in Table 3.
2) The maintenance method comprises the following steps:
according to GB17671-1999 cement mortar strength test method, wet spray concrete samples with the dimensions of 70mm multiplied by 70mm are prepared, and the curing conditions of the molded test block are as follows: the film is covered and maintained at 22 ℃ and the relative humidity is 98%.
3) The toxicity test method comprises the following steps:
leaching tests are carried out according to national standard (HJ/T557-2010) solid waste leaching toxicity method-horizontal vibration method, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-MS) is used for measuring the leaching concentration level of heavy metals in raw materials, and the leaching toxicity of copper slag is judged by comparing the standard limit value of harmful components in the underground III water quality standard with the standard limit value of harmful components in the underground II water quality standard according to the drinking water quality standard. The test results are shown in Table 4.
4) The compressive strength testing method comprises the following steps:
the prepared concrete test block was tested for compressive strength with reference to the test method in GB/T50081-2016 for compressive strength of concrete. Before compression test, the upper and lower plates of the concrete press are cleaned to ensure that no sundries exist, then the concrete test block is put into the concrete test block in the age, the stressed surface is ensured to be the side surface of the concrete instead of a plastering surface, and the loading speed is controlled to be 5kN/s. 3 test blocks were tested for each age and the average test results are shown in table 3.
Table 3 comparative and example performance test results
Figure SMS_2
TABLE 4 detection results of heavy metal pollution characteristics at different ages of comparative example and example
Figure SMS_3
As can be seen from the results in tables 3 and 4, the solid waste-based wet sprayed concrete of examples 1 to 5 all showed good workability, including compressive strength, slump and fluidity, similar to those of comparative examples 1 and 2 at different ages under curing conditions of a coating curing of 22 ℃ and a relative humidity of 98% by demolding for about 1d or continuing curing.
Table 4 shows that for the solid waste base wet sprayed concrete of examples 1 to 5, the leaching concentration of heavy metals such as Pb and Cd exceeding standard in the copper slag is lower than the quality standard of underground water class III or even lower than the quality standard of underground water class II after the solidification of the solid waste base system. The leaching concentration of Pb and Cd is not more than 1 mug/L; however, for the cement-based wet sprayed concrete of comparative examples 1 and 2, although Cd also reached the standard, the leaching concentration range was 2.460-3.604. Mu.g/L, which is more than that of the solid waste-based wet sprayed concrete, and the leaching concentration of Pb was more than that of the underground III-type water quality standard (10. Mu.g/L), there was a risk of leaching heavy metals, and the solid waste-based exhibited a stronger heavy metal solidifying ability than that of the cement-based.
In summary, compared with the traditional cement preparation wet spraying concrete, the solid waste wet spraying concrete can realize resource utilization, the raw materials are mainly formed by combining industrial metallurgical slag, copper smelting slag and mine exploitation waste stone, cement is not used, carbon dioxide is not generated in the preparation process, the raw material cost is greatly reduced, and the utilization rate of the copper smelting slag is high. The solid waste-based wet spraying concrete has good gelling activity and high compressive strength, can effectively solidify various heavy metals in copper slag, and excites the activity of solid waste gelling raw materials such as steel slag, water quenching blast furnace slag, desulfurized gypsum and the like.
The invention provides a method for solving the problems of copper smelting slag disposal, mine waste stone accumulation and the like at low cost by using a better raw material proportioning system of cement-free clinker solid waste base wet spraying concrete prepared by using solid waste materials instead of traditional cementing agent cement, using steel slag powder, water quenching blast furnace slag powder, desulfurized gypsum and the like to completely replace cement as solid waste base cementing materials and using copper smelting slag and mine mining waste stone as aggregate, thereby realizing indirect carbon reduction and metallurgical solid waste recycling, changing industrial solid waste into valuables, improving the utilization rate of the solid waste, reducing the cost of raw materials for wet spraying concrete production, and generating great economic benefit, environmental protection benefit and social benefit.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended by the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The solid waste-based wet spraying concrete is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass based on 100% of the solid waste-based wet spraying concrete: 15-20% of cementing material, 60-80% of aggregate, 0.2-0.5% of water reducer and the balance of water;
the cementing material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass based on 100% of the cementing material: 30-60% of water quenched blast furnace slag, 20-50% of steel slag and 10-20% of desulfurized gypsum;
the aggregate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass based on 100% of the aggregate: 60% of copper smelting slag and 40% of waste rock.
2. The solid waste-based wet sprayed concrete of claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water reducing agent.
3. The solid waste-based wet sprayed concrete according to claim 1, wherein for the cementing materials therein, the components of the water quenched blast furnace slag, steel slag and desulfurized gypsum are as follows:
the water quenching blast furnace slag comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass, wherein the mass of the water quenching blast furnace slag is 100 percent: 25% -30% of SiO 2 2% -3% of Fe 2 O 3 10 to 15 percent of Al 2 O 3 Na 0.5-1% 2 O, 5-10% MgO, 0.1-0.5% K 2 O, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Cl and 1 to 3 percent of SO 3 0.01 to 0.1 percent of P 2 O 5 0.5 to 1 percent of MnO and the balance of CaO;
the steel slag comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass based on 100% of the steel slag: 25% -30% of SiO 2 15-20% of Fe 2 O 3 5 to 10 percent of Al 2 O 3 Na of 0.1-0.5% 2 O, 5-10% MgO, 0.1-0.5% K 2 O, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of Cl and 0.1 to 1 percent of SO 3 1 to 2 percent of P 2 O 5 3 to 5 percent of MnO, the balance being CaO;
the desulfurized gypsum comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass based on 100% by mass of the desulfurized gypsum: 5 to 10 percent of SiO 2 0.5 to 1 percent of Fe 2 O 3 1 to 3 percent of Al 2 O 3 1 to 3 percent of MgO and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of K 2 O, 0.01 to 0.1 percent of Cl and 0.5 to 1 percent of SO 3 1 to 3 percent of P 2 O 5 3 to 5 percent of MnO and the balance of CaO.
4. The solid waste-based wet sprayed concrete according to claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the water quenched blast furnace slag is in the range of 450 to 500m 2 Per kg, the specific surface area of the steel slag is 450-500 m 2 Per kg, the specific surface area of the desulfurized gypsum is 450-500 m 2 /kg。
5. The solid waste-based wet sprayed concrete according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass, based on 100% of the mass of the copper smelting slag: 25% -30% of SiO 2 3 to 5 percent of Al 2 O 3 3 to 5 percent of ZnO, 3 to 5 percent of CaO and 1 to 3 percent of Na 2 O, 1 to 3 percent of PbO and 1 to 3 percent of K 2 O, mgO 1-3%, as 0.5-1% 2 O 3 SO 0.5-1% 3 0.5 to 1 percent of CuO and the balance of Fe 2 O 3 ；
The primary copper smelting slag particle size distribution d10=1.18 um, d25=3.51 um, d90= 56.31um, with median particle size d50=14.28 um.
6. The method for preparing solid waste-based wet sprayed concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing a cementing material and water in a mass ratio of 10 (6-7) to obtain slurry;
and S2, uniformly mixing and stirring the aggregate, the water reducer and the slurry, then filling the mixture into a mold, and performing vibration molding to obtain the solid waste base wet spraying concrete.
7. The method for producing solid waste-based wet sprayed concrete according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the binder in step S1 to the aggregate in step S2 is (1-3): 4-7.
8. The method for preparing solid waste based wet sprayed concrete according to claim 6, wherein in the step S2, the aggregate and the slurry are mixed and injected into a mold to be vibrated to prepare a solid waste based wet sprayed concrete test block, and then the solid waste based wet sprayed concrete test block is cured under the following curing conditions: the film is covered and maintained at 22 ℃ and the relative humidity is 98%.
9. Use of solid waste-based wet shotcrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and solid waste-based wet shotcrete prepared by the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the solid waste-based wet shotcrete is used for mine roadway engineering support and construction application materials.
CN202211740274.5A 2022-12-22 2022-12-22 Solid waste-based wet spraying concrete and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN116217195A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116874269A (en) * 2023-08-07 2023-10-13 四川君和环保股份有限公司 Mortar with strength grade of M5 and preparation method thereof
CN117105546A (en) * 2023-08-15 2023-11-24 广州宏天发展有限公司 Metal-rich cement additive and application thereof in improving concrete performance by using reinforcing steel bars

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116874269A (en) * 2023-08-07 2023-10-13 四川君和环保股份有限公司 Mortar with strength grade of M5 and preparation method thereof
CN117105546A (en) * 2023-08-15 2023-11-24 广州宏天发展有限公司 Metal-rich cement additive and application thereof in improving concrete performance by using reinforcing steel bars

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