KR100434611B1 - LPG transport ship Gas replacing method on the sea - Google Patents

LPG transport ship Gas replacing method on the sea Download PDF

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Publication number
KR100434611B1
KR100434611B1 KR10-2001-0033852A KR20010033852A KR100434611B1 KR 100434611 B1 KR100434611 B1 KR 100434611B1 KR 20010033852 A KR20010033852 A KR 20010033852A KR 100434611 B1 KR100434611 B1 KR 100434611B1
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South Korea
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lpg
carrier
tank
gas
gaseous
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KR10-2001-0033852A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20020095685A (en
Inventor
유광종
김형배
서동민
이형식
문영식
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대우조선해양 주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
    • B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/002—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for vessels under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Abstract

본 발명은 LPG 운반선의 해상 가스 치환 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a marine gas replacement method for LPG carriers.

본 발명은 건조된 LPG 운반선과 LPG 운반선을 공해상으로 이동시키는 단계(ST10)와, 건조된 LPG 운반선과 LPG 운반선을 공급 파이프를 연결하는 단계(ST20), 그리고 LPG 운반선으로부터 다른 LPG 선박에 LPG를 이송하기 위한 송출단계를 거쳐 LPG가 적재된 LPG 운반선을 접안하여 LPG 이송 작업을 완료하는 단계(ST60)로 진행되는 통상의 LPG 운반선의 해상 가스 치환 방법에 있어서, 상기 송출단계는 기존의 가스 운반선에서 신조 LPG 운반선으로 기체상태의 LPG 를 주입하는 단계(ST30), 탱크 내부의 압력 변화량이 평형을 이룰 때 LPG 의 주입을 정지하고 LPG 를 외부로 배출시켜 신조 운반선의 탱크 내부의 공기 밀도를 낮추는 단계(ST40), 상기 단계(ST40)가 완료된 후 탱크 내부에 남아있는 기체 상태의 LPG 를 액화시키는 단계(ST50)로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention comprises the step of moving the LPG carrier and the LPG carrier to the dry sea (ST10), connecting the dried LPG carrier and LPG carriers to the supply pipe (ST20), and LPG transport from the LPG carrier to another LPG vessel In the offshore gas replacement method of a conventional LPG carrier, which proceeds to the step (ST60) of completing the LPG transport operation by docking the LPG carrier loaded with LPG through the delivery step for the delivery, the sending step is constructed in the existing gas carrier Injecting gaseous LPG into the LPG carrier (ST30), stopping the LPG injection when the pressure change in the tank is balanced, and lowering the density of air in the tank of the new carrier by discharging the LPG to the outside (ST40) After the step (ST40) is completed, the step of liquefying the LPG of the gaseous state remaining in the tank, characterized in that consisting of (ST50).

Description

ＬＰＧ 운반선의 해상 가스 치환 방법{LPG transport ship Gas replacing method on the sea}LPG transport ship Gas replacing method on the sea}

본 발명은 가스 이송 방법에 관한 것으로서, 특히 해상에 정박중인 LPG 운반선에서 LPG 운반선으로 LPG 를 이송시킴으로서 육상에서 LPG 운반선으로 LPG를 운반하는 경우에 비하여 위험성을 감소시킬 수 있는 LPG 운반선의 해상 가스 치환 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a gas transport method, and in particular, the LPG carrier in the offshore gas transport method of LPG carrier can reduce the risk compared to the case of transporting LPG to LPG carrier in the land by transporting LPG to LPG carrier It is about.

LPG(Liquefied Petroleum Gas)는 상온, 상압에서는 가스이지만 가압하면 쉽게 액화되는 탄화수소를 말하고, 난방용 연료 또는 차량의 연료로 사용된다. 이러한 LPG는 국내 생산량보다 소비량이 많아 소비량의 많은 부분을 해외 수입에 의존하고 있다.LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) refers to hydrocarbons that are gas at room temperature and normal pressure, but easily liquefied when pressurized, and are used as fuel for heating or vehicle fuel. Since LPG consumes more than domestic production, much of the consumption depends on overseas imports.

해외에서 수입되거나 수입된 후 필요한 곳으로 이송하기 위해서는 육상 이동보다는 선박 이동에 의존하는 경우가 많다.It is often relying on ship movement rather than land movement to be imported from overseas or after it is imported.

LPG 운송을 위해 건조된 LPG 운반선의 LPG 저장 탱크 내부에는 대기중의 공기가 있어, 운반선의 건조 즉시 LPG 를 저장하게 되면 LPG 와 공기가 서로 혼합되어 LPG 의 품질이 급격히 저하된다. 따라서 LPG 저장 탱크 내부에 기체 상태의 LPG 를 일정량 주입한 후 대기중으로 방출하는 가스 치환 작업을 반복하여 LPG 저장 탱크 내부의 공기를 완전히 제거한 후 LPG 를 주입해야 한다.LPG storage tanks of LPG carriers constructed for LPG transportation have atmospheric air. If LPG is stored immediately after the carrier is dried, LPG and air are mixed with each other and the quality of LPG deteriorates drastically. Therefore, after a certain amount of gaseous LPG is injected into the LPG storage tank, the gas replacement operation to be released to the atmosphere must be repeated to completely remove the air in the LPG storage tank, and then LPG should be injected.

LPG 운반선의 LPG 저장 탱크 내부의 가스 치환 작업을 위해서는 육상의 LPG 터미널에 접안시키고 LPG 의 주입과 대기 방출을 반복해야 하는데, 이때 대기중으로 방출되는 LPG 는 연소성 가스이므로 가스 치환 작업중 폭발 위험이 상존한다. 육상의 LPG 터미널에 접안되어 있는 상태에서 사고가 발생하는 경우에는 막대한 손실이 발생하게 되는 문제점이 있다.Gas replacement work in LPG storage tanks in LPG carriers requires docking at LPG terminals on land and repeating LPG injection and air release. At this time, LPG released into the atmosphere is a combustible gas and there is a risk of explosion during gas replacement work. If an accident occurs while docked at the LPG terminal of the land, there is a problem that a huge loss occurs.

또한, LPG 운반선이 LPG 터미널에 접안하기 위해서는 접안 비용이 소비되고, LPG 이송 작업이 중단되는 문제점이 있었다.In addition, the docking cost is consumed in order to dock the LPG carrier to the LPG terminal, there was a problem that the LPG transfer operation is stopped.

본 발명은 상기한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로서, 새롭게 건조된 LPG 운반선의 LPG 저장 탱크 내부의 공기를 LPG 로 치환하는 작업을 수행함에 있어 LPG 운반선을 공해상으로 이동시킨 후 기존의 LPG 운반선과 연결하여 가스 치환 작업을 수행할 수 있도록 하는 LPG 운반선의 해상 가스 치환 방법을 제공한다.The present invention is to solve the above problems, in performing the operation of replacing the air in the LPG storage tank LPG storage tank of the newly dried LPG carrier ship with LPG gas after connecting the LPG carrier ship to the high seas gas Provided is a method for replacing offshore gases in LPG carriers which enables the replacement operation.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 LPG 운반선의 해상 가스 치환 방법을 나타내는 순서도.1 is a flow chart showing a marine gas replacement method of the LPG carrier according to the present invention.

본 발명은 건조된 LPG 운반선과 LPG 운반선을 공해상으로 이동시키는 단계(ST10)와, 건조된 LPG 운반선과 LPG 운반선을 공급 파이프를 연결하는 단계(ST20), 그리고 LPG 운반선으로부터 다른 LPG 선박에 LPG를 이송하기 위한 송출단계를 거쳐 LPG가 적재된 LPG 운반선을 접안하여 LPG 이송 작업을 완료하는 단계(ST60)로 진행되는 통상의 LPG 운반선의 해상 가스 치환 방법에 있어서, 상기 송출단계는 기존의 가스 운반선에서 신조 LPG 운반선으로 기체상태의 LPG 를 주입하는 단계(ST30), 탱크 내부의 압력 변화량이 평형을 이룰 때 LPG 의 주입을 정지하고 LPG 를 외부로 배출시켜 신조 운반선의 탱크 내부의 공기 밀도를 낮추는 단계(ST40), 상기 단계(ST40)가 완료된 후 탱크 내부에 남아있는 기체 상태의 LPG 를 액화시키는 단계(ST50)로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.도 1은 본 발명에 의한 LPG 운반선의 가스 이송 방법을 나타내는 순서도로서, 도면을 참조하여 본 발명을 설명하면 다음과 같다.우선 새롭게 건조된 LPG 운반선과 기존의 LPG 운반선을 공해상으로 이동시킨 후(ST10), 서로의 가스 공급 파이프를 연결한다(ST20). 가스 파이프를 연결할 때는 가스의 누설을 방지하기 위한 충분한 안전 조치가 있어야만 한다.The present invention comprises the step of moving the LPG carrier and the LPG carrier to the dry sea (ST10), connecting the dried LPG carrier and LPG carriers to the supply pipe (ST20), and LPG transport from the LPG carrier to another LPG vessel In the offshore gas replacement method of a conventional LPG carrier, which proceeds to the step (ST60) of completing the LPG transport operation by docking the LPG carrier loaded with LPG through the delivery step for the delivery, the sending step is constructed in the existing gas carrier Injecting gaseous LPG into the LPG carrier (ST30), stopping the LPG injection when the pressure change in the tank is balanced, and lowering the density of air in the tank of the new carrier by discharging the LPG to the outside (ST40) After the step (ST40) is completed, the step of liquefying the LPG of the gaseous state remaining inside the tank (ST50), characterized in that consisting of. The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as a flowchart illustrating a method of transferring a gas to an LPG carrier by the following description. First, after the newly constructed LPG carrier and the existing LPG carrier are moved to the high sea (ST10), the gas of each other is Connect the supply pipe (ST20). When connecting gas pipes, there must be sufficient safety measures to prevent gas leakage.

가스 파이프가 서로 연결된 후, 기존의 가스 운반선에서 신조 운반선으로 LPG 를 주입하도록 한다(ST30). 상기 단계(ST30)에서는 액화 상태의 LPG 를 이송하는 것이 아니라 기체 상태의 LPG 를 주입하도록 하고, LPG 주입시의 압력은 1.5 내지 2.0 ㎏/㎠ 로 설정한다.After the gas pipes are connected to each other, LPG is injected from the existing gas carrier to the new carrier (ST30). In step ST30, the LPG in the liquefied state is not transferred, but the LPG in the gaseous state is injected, and the pressure at the time of LPG injection is set to 1.5 to 2.0 kg / cm 2.

또한, 주입 초기에는 탱크 내부의 압력이 급격히 상승하지만, 주입이 진행됨에 따라 압력의 상승은 둔화된다. 탱크 내부의 압력 상승이 둔화되고 일정 범위 내에서 압력 변화량이 평형을 이루게 되면, LPG 의 주입을 정지시킨다. LPG 의 주입이 정지된 상태에서 신조 LPG 운반선의 저장 탱크 밸브(미도시)를 개방하여 탱크 내부의 가스를 외부로 배출시킨다(ST40).In addition, although the pressure inside the tank rises sharply at the beginning of the injection, the increase in the pressure slows down as the injection proceeds. When the pressure rise in the tank slows down and the pressure change is balanced within a certain range, the LPG injection is stopped. While the LPG injection is stopped, the storage tank valve (not shown) of the new LPG carrier ship is opened to discharge the gas inside the tank to the outside (ST40).

탱크 내부에 주입된 LPG 를 배출시키게 되면, 기체 상태의 LPG 의 배출과 함께 탱크 내부에 존재하고 있던 공기와 수증기도 동시에 배출되며 이에 따라 탱크 내부의 공기의 농도는 낮아지게 된다. 이러한 작업은 탱크 내부의 공기 밀도가 필요한 수준으로 낮아질 때 까지 반복해야 하고, 작업이 완료되면 탱크 내부의 일반 공기는 LPG 로 치환된다.When the LPG injected into the tank is discharged, the air and water vapor existing in the tank are discharged simultaneously with the discharge of the LPG in the gaseous state, and thus the concentration of air in the tank is lowered. This operation must be repeated until the density of air in the tank is reduced to the required level, and when the operation is completed, the general air in the tank is replaced with LPG.

이러한 작업은 LPG 운반선에 설치되어 있는 각각의 LPG 저장 탱크에 대하여 개별적으로 수행하도록 하고, 배출되는 개스에서 탄화 수소가 98% 이상 검출될 때까지 가스 치환 작업을 수행한다.This operation is performed individually for each LPG storage tank installed in the LPG carrier, and gas replacement is performed until at least 98% of the hydrocarbons are detected in the discharged gas.

가스 치환 작업이 완료되면, 새롭게 건조된 LPG 운반선은 LPG 를 저장 운반할 수 있는 상태가 된다.Once the gas replacement has been completed, the newly constructed LPG carrier is ready to store and transport LPG.

이때 LPG 운반선의 LPG 저장 탱크 내부의 온도를 낮춰(-20 ℃ 내지 -35 ℃) 개스 탱크 내부에 남아있는 기체 상태의 LPG 를 액화시키고(ST50), 이러한 상태에서 LPG 운반선을 LPG 터미널에 접안시켜 LPG 의 이송 작업을 하도록 한다(ST60).At this time, the temperature inside the LPG storage tank of the LPG carrier is lowered (-20 ° C. to -35 ° C.) to liquefy the gaseous LPG remaining in the gas tank (ST50), and in this state, the LPG carrier is docked at the LPG terminal. To be transported (ST60).

상기와 같은 본 발명은 새롭게 건조된 LPG 운반선의 LPG 탱크 내부를 LPG 로 치환하기 위해 새롭게 건조된 LPG 운반선과 기존의 운반선을 공해상으로 이동시킨 후 서로 연결하여 LPG 치환 작업을 수행함으로서, LPG 치환 작업중에 발생가능한 가스 폭발 사고를 방지할 수 있고, 선박의 접안에 소요되는 비용을 절감할 수 있다.As described above, the present invention moves the newly constructed LPG carrier and the existing carrier to the high seas to replace the inside of the LPG tank of the newly constructed LPG carrier with LPG, and then connects to each other to perform the LPG substitution operation, during the LPG substitution operation. It is possible to prevent possible gas explosion accidents and to reduce the cost of berthing the vessel.

Claims (2)

건조된 LPG 운반선과 LPG 운반선을 공해상으로 이동시키는 단계(ST10)와, 건조된 LPG 운반선과 LPG 운반선을 공급 파이프를 연결하는 단계(ST20), 그리고 LPG 운반선으로부터 다른 LPG 선박에 LPG를 이송하기 위한 송출단계를 거쳐 LPG가 적재된 LPG 운반선을 접안하여 LPG 이송 작업을 완료하는 단계(ST60)로 진행되는 통상의 LPG 운반선의 해상 가스 치환 방법에 있어서,Moving the dried LPG carrier and the LPG carrier to the open sea (ST10), connecting the dried LPG carrier and the LPG carrier to a supply pipe (ST20), and sending the LPG from the LPG carrier to another LPG vessel In the marine gas replacement method of the conventional LPG carrier ship proceeding to the step (ST60) to complete the LPG transfer operation by docking the LPG carrier loaded LPG through the step, 상기 송출단계는 기존의 가스 운반선에서 신조 LPG 운반선으로 기체상태의 LPG 를 주입하는 단계(ST30), 탱크 내부의 압력 변화량이 평형을 이룰 때 LPG 의 주입을 정지하고 LPG 를 외부로 배출시켜 신조 운반선의 탱크 내부의 공기 밀도를 낮추는 단계(ST40), 상기 단계(ST40)가 완료된 후 탱크 내부에 남아있는 기체 상태의 LPG 를 액화시키는 단계(ST50)로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 LPG 운반선의 해상 가스 치환 방법.The discharging step is a step of injecting the gaseous LPG from the existing gas carrier to the new LPG carrier (ST30), when the pressure change in the tank balances the stop of the LPG injection and discharge the LPG to the outside of the new carrier A method of replacing the offshore gas of an LPG carrier, comprising: lowering the density of air in the tank (ST40), and liquefying the gaseous LPG remaining in the tank after the completion of the step (ST40) (ST50). 삭제delete
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