KR100432782B1 - Supporting structure for tunnel and underground tunnel construction method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel construction method for structurally reinforcing and stabilizing steel structures that are essentially installed during excavation by the Messer Shield method, and permanently constructing the steel structures together with lining concrete placing.

The present invention is assembled and installed at a predetermined interval adjacent to the excavated soil portion in accordance with the tunnel cross-sectional shape, the steel support 10, the outer surface of which is formed of a coating film 11 of epoxy resin in which glass fibers are mixed; A lining structure 20 formed by pouring concrete between the gaps of the steel supports 10; Grout 30 injected into the rear surface of the lining structure 20; A waterproof surface 40 formed on the surface of the lining structure 20 using a sheet; A protective film 50 formed by installing a wire mesh on the waterproof surface 40 and casting shotcrete or lightweight concrete; Provides a tunnel support structure and its construction method, characterized in that consisting of; finish surface 60 attached to close the outer surface of the protective film 50. According to the present invention it is possible to reduce the construction period, reduce the construction cost and provide a high-quality tunnel structure through a simple but efficient method of permanentizing the steel support.

Description

Supporting structure for tunnel and underground tunnel construction method using the same}

The present invention relates to an underground tunnel construction method for supporting earth pressure in a tunnel by constructing a permanent concrete structure in an excavated temporary tunnel after digging a membrane through a Messer Shield method, and in particular, by the method of the method. The present invention relates to a tunnel support structure and underground tunnel construction method that significantly improves workability and economic efficiency by structurally reinforcing and stabilizing steel structures essential for excavation, and permanently structuring the steel structures with lining concrete placement. .

Messer shield method is a method that advances the mesmer plate forward with a hydraulic propulsion forward and then excavates, and repeatedly excavation by fixing the earth plate on the steel beam to the rear of the mesmer plate. It is a construction method that can continuously excavate tunnels safely.

That is, in the method of shielding the method, as shown in Fig. 1, when the tunnel face is excavated, the method plate 1 is arranged in parallel to the oscillation base assembled in accordance with the planned tunnel shape, and the hydraulic plate 2 is used for each method plate 1. ) And excavation of the membrane while pressing forward one by one, and the earth plate between the steel support (3) and the steel support (3) installed at regular intervals in the rear so that the excavation site does not collapse with the progress of the mesa plate (1). It is a method of excavating a tunnel by inserting (4) to support the excavation surface.

Since the method was introduced to Korea in 1981, it has been applied under different working conditions in various fields, such as highway crossing tunnel construction, subway tunnel construction, power district construction, telecommunication construction, and various culvert constructions. It can be installed without vibration, ensures high safety, enables accurate and rapid drilling according to the tunnel alignment, minimizes the settlement of the excavation surface, relatively simple and easy to handle the equipment required for tunnel drilling, and other construction methods. Compared with the economical construction, the effect is evaluated to be very good.

However, in the conventional extensive method of shielding method, especially the highway and railway crossing tunnel, the tunnel constructed to secure a small sidewalk has a problem that is too uneconomical and inefficient in the construction cost and construction period.

Figures 2a and 2b shows a conventional highway crossing tunnel structure completed by constructing a permanent concrete structure after excavating the tunnel through the method shield method.

With reference to these drawings will be described in detail the tunnel construction method and its problems to which the conventional method shield method is applied as follows.

First, the tunnel construction method to which the conventional method of the shield method is applied will be briefly described. As shown in FIG. 2A, the steel support 3 and the intermediate temporary support 5 are installed while pressing and pushing the method plate 1 into the membrane. Insert the earth plate (4) between the (3) and the steel support (3) to excavate in a state to protect the excavation surface, and then cast the primary concrete between the steel support (3) as shown in Figure 2b After forming the primary concrete layer (6), forming the waterproof surface (7) on the primary concrete layer (6), and then assembled the reinforcing bar inside the waterproof surface (7) again, the secondary concrete is poured into the secondary rebar After the concrete lining (8) is formed, the tunnel support concrete structure is constructed by cutting and dismantling the intermediate temporary support material (5).

In the structure constructed as above, the steel structure assembled with the steel support 3 and the intermediate temporary support 5 functions only at the time of excavation, and the steel structure and the primary concrete layer 6 are always in contact with the soil-side moisture. It is a temporary structure that is not included in the structural calculation at all because corrosion is expected, and the secondary reinforced concrete lining 8 serves as a permanent structure that receives the main load of the tunnel.

Therefore, the conventional tunnel construction method as described above, due to the president of the steel structure installed during the first excavation while working the first secondary reinforced concrete lining (8), the economic loss is large, the primary concrete layer (6) and secondary reinforcing bars There was a problem that the cost of increasing the related construction cost and the extension of the construction period due to the double installation of the concrete lining (8) is relatively high.

Second, due to the intermediate temporary support material (5) installed during the excavation, there is a lot of interference on the work space during the concrete placing work in the tunnel, which increases the construction period, and also after the second reinforced concrete lining (8) for the tunnel Since the temporary support material 5 is cut and removed, the aesthetics of the cut part is poor, and the waterproofing part of the steel cutting part is complicated, and there is a problem causing leakage problems.

Third, the tunnel excavation by the method of shielding method on the highway, railway or similar site is possible only when the distance (tope) between the road surface and the top of the excavation tunnel is secured over a certain thickness (about 3m). It is designed as a very thick double structure such as a secondary reinforced concrete lining for support (8), and because the excavation hole is larger than the tunnel standard, the applicable site is limited. .

Accordingly, the present invention improves the tunnel construction method for constructing a permanent concrete structure inside the temporary tunnel excavated through the method of the shield method to take advantage of the tunnel excavation method by the method shield method while having the advantages of the prior art as described above. It was devised to solve the problem.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to reduce the construction cost and significantly reduce the concrete placing work through the method of structurally reinforcing the steel structure that is essentially installed during the excavation by the method of the method shield method, and to permanently structure the steel structure when laying lining concrete To provide a tunnel support structure and underground tunnel construction method that can significantly reduce the construction period.

Another object of the present invention is to perform the tunnel excavation work without installing the intermediate temporary support material for supporting the steel support of the upper end, there is no trace of demolition at all not only beautiful appearance of the finish surface, but also may occur in the steel cutting section It is to provide a tunnel support structure and underground tunnel construction method to fundamentally eliminate the cause of leakage.

Another object of the present invention is to minimize the wall thickness while meeting the structural strength required in the support structure for the tunnel, it is advantageous in terms of securing the thickness of the upper surface of the road and the top of the excavation tunnel is applicable to thinner toffee It is possible to expand the scope, and to provide a tunnel support structure and underground tunnel construction method that can be installed at the same level without stepping with a road to be connected, thereby improving vehicle running.

1 is a tunnel excavation construction using the method shield method

Figure 2a is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel excavation for building a tunnel crossing the conventional highway

Figure 2b is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional highway crossing tunnel structure completed by constructing a permanent concrete structure after excavating the tunnel through the method shield method

Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the cut steel beam used in the present invention

Figures 4a and 4b is a side view and a front view of the oscillation base installed by assembling the steel beam and the method plate in accordance with the present invention

5 is a tunnel excavation construction according to the present invention

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the construction of the lining structure in accordance with the present invention

7 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which grout is injected into the rear surface of the lining structure according to the present invention;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a tunnel structure completed by constructing a permanent concrete structure according to the present invention

<Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

10: steel sheet 11: coating 20: lining structure

30: grout 40: waterproof surface 50: protective film

51: 1 primary wire mesh 52: 1 primary lightweight concrete layer 53: secondary wire mesh

54: Secondary lightweight concrete layer 60: Finishing surface 71: Messager plate

72: hydraulic propeller 73: earth plate 74: wedge wood

Tunnel support structure of the present invention for achieving the above objects, is assembled and installed at a predetermined interval adjacent to the excavated soil portion in accordance with the tunnel cross-sectional shape, the outer surface is coated with an epoxy resin glass fiber is mixed (11) Steel beams 10 are formed; A lining structure 20 formed by pouring concrete between the intervals of the steel support 10; Grout 30 injected into the rear surface of the lining structure 20; A waterproof surface 40 formed on the surface of the lining structure 20 using a sheet; A protective film 50 formed by installing a wire mesh on the waterproof surface 40 and casting shotcrete or lightweight concrete; Characterized in that consisting of ;; finish surface 60 attached to close the outer surface of the protective film 50.

Underground tunnel construction method of the present invention for building a support structure for the tunnel as described above, assembling the steel support 10 according to the tunnel shape to be excavated at the entrance of the section to be excavated construction and the steel support 10 After the oscillation base is constructed by arranging the mesmer plates 71 in parallel to the outer circumference, the tunnel excavation work is repeatedly performed by carrying out a series of operations including mesmer plate propulsion, rear earth plate insertion, membrane excavation, membrane curtain installation, and steel beam installation. In the underground tunnel construction method for constructing a structure for supporting the earth pressure in the excavated tunnel after completion,

The steel support 10 used in the tunnel excavation construction is used to form a coating film 11 for preventing corrosion and reinforcing strength, the concrete structure after completing the tunnel excavation construction, along the tunnel excavation cross section The lining structure 20 is formed by pouring concrete between the spaces between the installed steel beams 10, injecting the grout 30 into the rear surface of the lining structure 20, and then After forming the waterproof surface 40 using a sheet on the surface, and installing a wire mesh on the waterproof surface 40 and pouring shotcrete or lightweight concrete to form a protective film 50, the outer surface of the protective film 50 Through a series of operations to form a finish surface 60 by processing, the steel support 10 is characterized by the construction of a permanent structure.

According to the present invention having the above characteristics, by constructing a temporary tunnel permanently without constructing the structure to be constructed as a secondary construction in the tunnel, due to the boss of the steel support installed during the first excavation in the tunnel of the existing Messier shield method It can solve the problem of increasing air due to economic loss and construction of secondary structure, which can greatly reduce construction period and construction cost.

In addition, because the temporary temporary support material is not installed during the tunnel excavation work, the cause of leakage caused by the existing steel cutting part is eliminated at the source, and the structural support is secured by reinforcing the steel support and the wall thickness of the lining structure is the thickness of the steel support. As it is thinly formed, the excavation cross-section becomes small, and construction is possible even in a place where the toffee is relatively low.

Hereinafter, the technical configuration of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in accordance with the construction example of the present invention.

In tunnel excavation by the method of the shield method, the soil suitable for construction is most suitable for the excavation of soil layer tunnels such as clay, silt, and sandy soil.

Since one of the features of the present invention is a tunnel excavation method in a place where the toffee layer is thin, if it is determined that there is a risk in the excavation work by first preparing a stratum map by examining detailed geological and groundwater levels of the excavation route, and examining the result map, Various subsidiary construction methods such as separate drawing work and soft ground reinforcement work should be reviewed and implemented.

Since the steel support 10 used in the present invention is to be a permanent structure, by reinforcing the material from the existing sws400 steel to sws490 steel to maximize the installation interval, and to improve the durability (corrosion prevention) in a suitable coating film place It should be coated and brought into the field, and preferably, the coating film 11 is formed of an epoxy resin mixed with glass fibers as shown in FIG.

Tunnel construction according to the present invention is largely divided into two types of excavation work and concrete pouring work, excavation work and concrete pouring work can be carried out in parallel according to the cross-sectional shape or divided into separate construction works have.

The excavation work is completed by repeatedly setting up the oscillation base and arranging the mesa plate, then pushing the mesa plate, inserting the rear earth plate, excavating the membrane, installing the membrane, and installing the steel support. It is implemented together.

First, in order to level the bottom steel while securing sufficient space at the entrance of the tunnel to be excavated, the bottom concrete is poured, and then the steel beam 10 is assembled thereon, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B. Build an oscillation base. And in accordance with the cross section of the excavation tunnel to the meseter plate 71 is mounted on the top, middle and both sides of the steel support (10).

Subsequently, while installing the reinforcing steel support 10 at regular intervals (60 to 80 cm) in a section to be excavated as shown in FIG. 5, the mesers plate 71 is inserted into the membrane using a hydraulic propeller 72. We push forward every single time.

At this time, the connection of the steel support 10 is coated with an epoxy resin in which glass fibers are mixed to waterproof.

Propelling the mesa plate 71 as described above, while the earth plate 73 is inserted into the rear portion of the mesa plate 71 so that the earth and sand load and earth pressure is evenly transmitted to the steel support 10. In addition, by using the wedge 74 to close the earth plate 73 to the excavation surface to prevent the loosening of the soil.

When the entrance of the Messer plate 71 is completed, the membrane digging operation is performed, and when the excavation of the length of the Messer plate is completed, the membrane is immediately protected by the membrane.

The present invention is to complete the tunnel excavation work by repeatedly performing the above series of operations, and when the excavation is completed, the concrete is poured.

Concrete pouring works are completed in the following order: lining concrete, surface grouting, waterproofing, lightweight concrete installation, and finishing work.

First, when the tunnel excavation is finished, the lining structure 20 is poured into the thickness of the steel support 10 installed during the excavation as shown in FIG.

The lining structure 20 may be formed of non-concrete concrete, or may be formed by placing concrete after reinforcing the steel bars between the steel beams 10 before placing concrete.

Concrete pouring work is to be filled tightly between the steel support (10), so it is preferable to construct a mortar-filled hole even if the construction cost is slightly higher.

After the lining structure 20 is formed, the grout 30 is injected into the back surface of the lining structure 20 as shown in FIG. 7 in order to increase the filling and waterproofing function of the back surface of the lining structure 20.

At this time, the grout injection is carried out through a grout inlet (not shown) pre-installed when the lining structure 20 is formed, and whether the filling of the grout is tightly filled is also an air vent pipe (not shown) pre-installed when the lining structure 20 is formed. Check with).

After grout injection, the waterproof surface 40 using the sheet is formed on the surface of the lining structure 20 as shown in FIG. 8.

In forming the waterproof surface 40, when the temporary temporary support material is installed during the tunnel excavation, the concrete waterproof method or the internal waterproof method should be selected, but according to the present invention, the intermediate temporary support material is not basically installed during the tunnel excavation. Therefore, it is basically possible to waterproof the metal sheet or waterproof the sheet of a suitable general material, and in particular, it is preferable to use a metal product and a rubber product in consideration of adhesiveness in waterproofing the ceiling surface.

After the waterproofing surface 40 is formed, the protective film 50 made of lightweight concrete is formed on the waterproofing surface 40.

The protective film 50 is formed by installing a wire mesh on the waterproof surface 40 and placing shotcrete or lightweight concrete, preferably the primary wire mesh 51 on the waterproof surface 40 as shown in FIG. After the installation of the first light concrete layer 52 by forming the shot concrete or lightweight concrete, and then install the secondary wire mesh 53 on the first lightweight concrete layer 52 and cast the shot concrete or lightweight concrete It is advantageous to form a secondary lightweight concrete layer 54 to ensure durability against external impact.

After the protective film 50 is formed as described above, the finishing surface 60 is formed as shown in FIG. 8, and when the lightweight concrete itself is finished with plastering, the epoxy coating is coated on the plastering surface to enable cleaning. do.

The finishing surface 60 may be variously modified such as attaching an exterior steel panel or an exterior steel tile to the exterior surface of the protective film 50 for a beautiful finish.

As described above, the present invention completes the construction of the support structure for the tunnel through the work of reinforcing the steel support installed during the tunnel excavation and permanent structure, and has the following effects.

First, the construction cost and the construction period can be drastically reduced by reinforcing excavation temporary steel support to form a tunnel structure.

Second, since the excavation cross section is minimized, the excavation can be carried out by the same excavation method as the method of the method of shielding method even though the toffee is relatively thin, thereby greatly expanding the scope of application of the method of excavation method of the method.

Third, by deleting the intermediate temporary support material to support the beam installed on the ceiling part in the design stage, not only the trace of dismantling of the intermediate temporary support material is left, but the leak cause, which was structurally weak in the conventional construction method, is eliminated at the source and is of higher quality. Tunnel structure can be obtained.

Fourth, as the structural stability is ensured, the thickness of the lining structure is reduced by more than 1m compared to the conventional construction method, which not only greatly reduces the construction cost but also enables construction at the same level without stepping with the road to be connected to the road structure, so that the vehicle can be easily driven. To provide.

Fifth, since the outer surface of the lining structure is treated with a lightweight concrete reinforced with a wire mesh, it is possible to provide a more beautiful tunnel structure can be finished according to the intended use.

Therefore, the present invention is a very useful invention that can provide a tunnel structure of high quality and shorten the construction period, construction cost reduction through a simple and efficient method of permanentizing the steel support.

Claims (8)

Steel support 10, which is assembled and installed at a predetermined interval adjacent to the excavated soil part according to the tunnel cross-sectional shape, the outer surface of which is formed of an epoxy resin in which glass fibers are mixed; A lining structure 20 formed by pouring concrete between the gaps of the steel supports 10; Grout 30 injected into the rear surface of the lining structure 20; A waterproof surface 40 formed on the surface of the lining structure 20 using a sheet; A protective film 50 formed by installing wire mesh on the waterproof surface 40 and pouring shot concrete or lightweight concrete; Tunnel support structure, characterized in that consisting of ;; finish surface (60) attached to close the outer surface of the protective film (50). Assemble the steel beams (10) according to the tunnel shape to be excavated at the entrance of the section to be excavated, and construct the oscillation base by arranging the mesger plates (71) in parallel to the outer periphery of the steel beams (10), Underground tunnel construction method for constructing a structure to support earth pressure in the excavated tunnel after completing the tunnel excavation work by repeatedly performing a series of operations including insertion of rear earth plate, excavation of membrane, installation of membrane curtain, and installation of steel support To The steel support 10 used in the tunnel excavation construction is used to form a coating film 11 for preventing corrosion and reinforcing strength, the concrete structure after completing the tunnel excavation construction, along the tunnel excavation cross section Placing concrete between the gap between the installed steel support 10 to form a lining structure 20, injecting the grout 30 on the back surface of the lining structure 20, then of the lining structure 20 After forming the waterproof surface 40 using a sheet on the surface, and installing a wire mesh on the waterproof surface 40 and pouring shotcrete or lightweight concrete to form a protective film 50, the outer surface of the protective film 50 Underground tunnel construction method characterized in that through the series of operations to form a finish surface 60 by processing, constructing the steel support 10 to a permanent structure. The method of claim 2, wherein the coating film 11 of the steel support 10 is formed of epoxy resin in which glass fibers are mixed, and the connection portion of the steel support 10 is coated with an epoxy resin in which glass fibers are mixed to be waterproofed. Underground tunnel construction method characterized in that. The method of claim 2, wherein the lining structure (20) underground tunnel construction method characterized in that the reinforcing reinforcement between the steel beams (10) is formed by pouring concrete. According to claim 2, wherein the protective film 50 is installed on the waterproof surface 40, the primary wire mesh 51 and the shot concrete or lightweight concrete is formed by forming the primary lightweight concrete layer 52, the 1 Underground tunnel construction method characterized in that the secondary lightweight wire mesh 53 is installed on the secondary lightweight concrete layer 52, and shot concrete or lightweight concrete is poured to form the secondary lightweight concrete layer 54. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the finishing surface 60 is formed by coating the outer surface of the protective film 50 after coating the epoxy-based coating on the plastering surface. The method of claim 2, wherein the finishing surface (60) underground tunnel construction method characterized in that formed by attaching the external steel panel on the outer surface of the protective film (50). The method of claim 2, wherein the finishing surface (60) underground tunnel construction method characterized in that the finishing by attaching the exterior steel tile on the outer surface of the protective film (50).